Kolonovidnye apulo - mtundu wa zipatso zambiri. Mitengo yamtundu uwu ikuwoneka yokongola ndi yachilendo, pamene ili ndi zipatso zazikulu ndi zokoma.
Mitengo ya maapulo yooneka ngati korona ndi yopanda nzeru, nyengo ndi nyengo zimakhudza kwambiri fruiting ndi kukula, komanso momwe amasamalirira. Tiyeni tiyang'ane pa mtengo wofunika kwambiri wa mtengo - kudulira iwo.
Kodi kupindula ndi phindu lanji?
Mitengo yonse yamaluwa, mosasamala za zaka zawo kapena zosiyanasiyana, nthawi ndi nthawi amafunika kudulira. Kudulira moyenerera kumaphatikizapo kupanga korona wokongola, chiŵerengero cha nthambi, kukula kwa mbeu yonse, kukhazikika kwake ndi zokolola zambiri.
Chifukwa cha kudulira koyenera, n'kotheka kukwaniritsa kufalitsa kwa chinyezi ndi zinthu zofunika kuti chitukuko chikhale chodabwitsa mu mtengo, kuunikira kumayambidwanso, chiŵerengero choyenera cha kukula ndi fruiting chikukwaniritsidwa.
Popanda kuthandizidwa ndi woyang'anira wachidwi, korona wa mtengo udzakhala wochulukira, zomwe zidzakupatsani zokolola zoipa ndi zipatso zabwino.
Tsopano zokhudzana ndi zinthu zokongoletsa
Ndibwino kukumbukira kuti mitengo ya kudulira imapanga mpeni wakuthwa kapena mitsuko yapadera. Mukadula nthambi, mvetserani kuti ma spikes sakhalabe, ndipo kupikisana ndi mphukira amachotsedwa mwa kudula "mu mphete."
Kudulira kulikonse kumawoneka ndi mitengo osati mopweteka, choncho, ndi yofunika kwambiri Pangani zilonda mwamsanga mukakonza kapena kujambula ndi utoto wa mafuta.
Nthambi zowonongeka, zowuma ndi zowonongeka zimachotsedwa podulidwa. Mitundu yopanda zipatso yomwe imapangidwira bwino imadulidwanso kuti ikhale yoyang'anira katundu pamtengo. Poyamba fruiting, kudulira kumachepetsedwa ndipo kukula kwa mphukira kumawonjezeka pamene akuperewera, ndipo mphukira imachotsedwa pamunsi pa shtamb, pamene imatulutsa mtengo.
Kudulira maapulo, ngati mtengo wina uliwonse, umachitika, kuphatikizapo kupanga mapuloteni okongola, koma sikoyenera kutsatira chikhomo chilichonse.
Kuti apange korona ayenera kuyamba pa mbande zazing'ono. Poyambirira, muyenera kuyang'ana mtundu wa ukali umene umayikidwa mu sapling. Onetsetsani kuti, panthawi yomweyi, m'pofunika kumvetsetsa kutalika kwa makina a m'mphepete mwa thunthu (mbaliyi ikhale pafupifupi madigiri 40-45).
Pali njira zambiri zochepetsera.
Njirazi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga korona wa mitengo ya zipatso. Zina mwa izo: kerbovka (makungwa opangira makungwa) - amagwiritsidwa ntchito kukonzanso kumera kwa impso; kudulira nthambi - kupanga nthambi zabwino; Akugwedeza nthambi ndi nthambi zomangiriza; kuwombera nsonga za mphukira zolimba.
Maapulo a Colony amafuna kudulira mwapadera., popeza ali ndi chizoloŵezi chachilendo komanso kukula kwa nthambi. Pali kudulira kwa korona mphukira ndi kudulira mbali kumachoka. Tiyeni tikhalebe pa mtundu uliwonse wa kudulira mwatsatanetsatane.
Mphukira
Imodzi mwa malo osatetezeka kwambiri a apulo wodutsa ndi nsonga yake. Chifukwa cha kamangidwe kameneka, pamwamba pa mtengo wa zipatso uwu m'nyengo yozizira nthawi zambiri amaundana.
Monga lamulo, chisanu pamwamba, kumene korona ili, ndi champhamvu kwambiri, kotero kuundana kwafupipafupi kwa gawo lapamwamba la mtengo wa apulo kumachitika. Izi zimayambitsa ramification kumtunda kwa mtengo wa zipatso, ndi mawonekedwe a mitengo iwiri.
Pankhaniyi, nthawi ya masika ikafika, ndi kofunika kwambiri kuti wamaluwa adziwe mphukira yowongoka, yomwe idzakhala yopitilira thunthu. Otsala nthambi akudulidwa, akusiya 2-3 masamba patsiku lililonse.
Impso ya mphuno yamphongo yakufa imachotsedwa musanapulumutsekutanthauzidwa ndi thunthu la m'tsogolo.
Pofuna kuteteza nthambi, wamaluwa amalimbikitsa kuti asachotse pamwamba pa mtengo wamtengo wapatali, koma m'nyengo yozizira ndi bwino kubisala chisanu.
Kudulira kumbali kumawombera
Mbali zamphongo za apulola zowonjezera zimagwedezeka kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe kuti zisunge mawonekedwe a "chigawo". Choncho, ndi kukula kwawo, kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa June, mphukira zowonjezera zomwe zawonekera ziyenera kuchotsedwa.
M'nyengo yozizira, mphukira imabisika kukazizira, pamene imateteza maluwa mosamala kwambiri, chifukwa chachisanu. Tetezani mtengo ku chisanu mwa kuwukulunga ndi kusungunula kulikonse, mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito pepala.
Colonid Apple Care
Apulovidnye apulo, ngati mitengo yonse ya zipatso, amafunikira kusamalira mosamala. Mawu osamalidwa ayenera kumveka ngati kusamalira mtengo, kuyambira pa mbeu mpaka nthawi ya fruiting.
Chisamaliro chimaphatikizapo kupereka kwa mtengo ndi kuchuluka kwa chinyezi, chakudya chokwanira komanso kuunikira bwino (mtengo umafuna malo opanda ufulu, mapangidwe a korona ndi thunthu, chitetezo ku tizirombo ndi matenda osiyanasiyana).
Ndizosangalatsa kuwerenga za chisamaliro cha mitengo ya apulo.
Madzi a Apple
Thupi ndilo maziko a zakudyazofunikira kuti kukula ndi kukula kwa mtengo. Kupanda chinyezi m'nthaka, kumakhudza kwambiri chitukuko, chisanu kukana ndi kupirira kwa chipatso, koma mtengo wina uliwonse.
Koma, ndipo madzi ochulukirapo ndi owopsa: Panopa, nthaka sidzatha kulandira mpweya wofunikira, ndipo motero, imaphatikizapo mankhwala ovulaza, omwe angapangitse kufa kwa mtengo. Kusakanizika kosavomerezeka kumakhala kosayenera komanso koyipa, mwachitsanzo, Kusinthana kwa nthawi ya nthaka youma ndi ulimi wothirira wochuluka.
Pambuyo mutabzala, mtengo uyenera kuthiriridwa pa mlingo wa zidebe ziwiri kapena zitatu pazu. M'chaka choyamba cha kubzala, ndi kuthirira motsatizana, madzi okwanira anayi kapena asanu ayenera kutsanulira pansi pa mtengo. Ndibwino kukumbukira zimenezo Nthawi yabwino yosamba madzi ndi madzulo: usiku usiku madzi samasintha kwambiri.
Zothandiza kwambiri pakudiririra mitengo yathu ya apulo ndi madzi a mvula ndi kusungunula madzi, kotero ziyenera kusonkhanitsidwa ngati kuli kotheka. Kuthirira madzi ndi madzi ozizira kwambiri kungakhale ndi zotsatira zoipa pa kukula ndi kukhala bwino kwa mitengo ya apulo, madzi sayeneratu kukhala otentha, kutentha kwa nthaka.
Pa ulimi wothirira, sikutheka kutsanulira madzi pamalo amodzi, izi zikhoza kuwonetsa mizu, ndikofunika kuyendetsa mbali yonse ya nthaka mofanana.
Mthunzi uyenera kudzaza dziko lapansi mpaka kuya masentimita 80-100, musalole kuti chilengedwe chikhale pansi, chomwe chingawoneke pakutha kwa ulimi wothirira. Kudzaza dziko ndi mpweya, mutatha kuthirira, nkofunikira kuti mutulutse nthaka.
Timateteza mtengo ku tizirombo
Ndikofunika kwambiri, posamalira zomera, kukumbukira kufunika kwawo chitetezo ku tizirombo. Pamene tizilombo tosiyanasiyana timayambira, matenda omwe amawonekera amawoneka, mitengo imayamba kuphulika, yomwe imatha kupha ngakhale mbewuyo.
Pali mitundu yambiri ya tizilombo tosiyanasiyana. Zina mwazofala ndi izi: Kukhomerera njenjete, silkworm (osagwedezeka kapena kupota), kachilombo ka golide, hawthorn, mapuloteni a apulo, mapepala a machungwa, mapewa a nsabwe, nsabwe zam'madzi, tizilombo tomwe timapanga, tizilombo tokoma, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, ndi zina zambiri.
Chinyama chimodzi chimakhudza maluwa ndi chipatso chomwecho, chimzake - masamba a mtengo, wachitatu - mitengo ikuluikulu ndi nthambi. Pali zida zingapo zothandizira kuteteza tizilombo ndikuyambitsa matenda, mothandizidwa kuti athetse, kuwopsa kapena kuwononga matenda enaake.
Malingana ndi mtundu wa tizilombo, ndi mtundu wa matendawa, pali njira zosiyanasiyana zothana nawo, monga: karbofos - 0.3%, concentrate, bitoxybacillin, dendrobatsillin, atatu percent trichloror, 10% flozalon
Kutengedwa ndi mitengo. Kuwonjezera apo, pali njira yodziwika yovomerezeka - kupopera mbewu mitengo ndi fodya. Njira yothetsera chida ichi imatengedwa mu chiŵerengero cha 1 mpaka 10, ndipo imadziwika ngati yogwira ntchito yowononga tizilombo.
Kawirikawiri, pali mankhwala ambiri omwe amatsutsana kwambiri ndi tizirombo. Ndikofunika kwambiri kuti mukamagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa, yang'anani mosamala ngati moyo wathanzi sunathe kutha, chifukwa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa kungakhale koyamba, kopanda mphamvu pakuthana ndi tizilombo tina, ndipo kachiwiri - kuvulaza chomeracho.
Ndikufuna kukumbutsani kuti pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya tizirombo monga nkhalango ndi masamba. Musaiwale za iwo, chifukwa iwo ndi otchuka tizilombo toononga, amatha kuvulaza mtengo uliwonse, ndipo, motero, kwa apulogalamu yathu apamwamba. Kulimbana nawo kudzakuthandizani nthambi za singano zowonongeka, zomwe zingagwirizane ndi mtengo kuzungulira thunthu.
