Chikhalidwe cha dzuwa chowala chinabwera ku mayiko a ku Ulaya kuyambira kale mpaka zaka khumi ndi zisanu ndi zisanu zapitazi ndipo wakhala akufunikira kuyambira nthawi imeneyo.
Pali mitundu pafupifupi zikwi ziwiri za zomera.
Tsabola ndi chikhalidwe chopanda nzeru, koma pakukula, okonda amapindula kwambiri.
Kukula tsabola kumafuna khama lalikulu.
Koma atsopano mu bizinesi awa sayenera kukwiyitsidwa, ayenera kukhala oleza mtima, chifukwa chirichonse chimadza ndi chidziwitso.
M'nkhaniyi muphunziranso za kulima tsabola wokoma kutchire ndi mbewu zabwino zowonjezera.
Zomwe mukufunikira kudziwa za kukula kwa mbeu pazomwe zikutseguka
Choncho, adasankha kukula tsabola pamalo otseguka. Koma kalasi iti ndi yoyenera pa zikhalidwe zoterezi. Inde, m'pofunika kusankha yabwino yoyambirira yakucha mitundu kuti mbeu zipse.
Mpofunikanso kuti mudziwe cholinga cha tsabola.
Malangizo othandiza omwe muyenera kuwamvetsera:
- Mitundu yowawa ndi yokoma iyenera kubzalidwa mosiyana. Chifukwa iwo pereopilyatsya, ndipo pamene mukukolola mumatsimikiza kuti tsabola wotsekemerayo inakwiya kwambiri.
- Manyowa ayenera kulumikizidwa pokhapokha ndi chikhalidwe choyambirira, chifukwa ngati icho chikayambidwa pansi pa tsabola, masamba a mbewuyo adzakula mwamphamvu, osati zipatso zokha.
- Chabwino moyandikana zikhalidwe ndi basil, okra, anyezi coriander, marigold. Atatu amateteza tsabola ku nsabwe za m'masamba. Koma okra ndi wotetezera wabwino kuchokera ku mphepo.
- Mnansi wosavomerezeka ndi nyemba. Ndi bwino kuti musabzala nawo mbali, chifukwa ali ndi matenda a mgwirizano - anthracnose (maonekedwe akuda pa chikhalidwe).
Mavuto omwe angapangidwe mlimi akamakula:
- Vuto loyambirira ndi kuyeza kwa mbeu, mbewu zakugwa, mazira ndi maluwa. Zonsezi zikhoza kuchitika pamtunda woipa (kuposa madigiri +32), chinyezi chosakwanira m'nthaka kapena kusowa kwa dzuwa.
- Vuto lachiwiri ndikumangidwa kwa kukula kwa chomera kapena maluwa ake, komanso kumangidwa kwa kukula kwa ovary. Chifukwa cha mavutowa chingakhalenso kutentha (pansipa + madigiri 1313), ngati kuthirira kwachitika ndi madzi ozizira, ndipo kupanda kuwala kumakhudza.
- Chifukwa chachitatu ndi mapangidwe a zipatso zopotoka kapena zoipa. Zonsezi zikhoza kukhala chifukwa chosowa kokwanira kwa chikhalidwe.
Chimene mukufuna kudziwa ponena za "Gladiator"
Dzina la chikhalidwe limalankhula lokha. Pepper ali ndi zipatso zazikulu kwambiri zolemera mpaka 350 magalamu. Pezani mawonekedwe a piramidi ya truncated.
Chikhalidwe chakukula mpaka 13 mm wakuda. Zipatso zimakhala zowutsa mudyo komanso minofu.. Chikhalidwe ndi chobiriwira panthawi ya masomphenya, ndipo mukamakula mokwanira amapeza kuwala kofiira.
Chikhalidwe ndi cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Dutch kusankha. Pepper "Gladiator" amatanthauza mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kucha.
Chitsamba sichikuya kwambiri ndi 45-55 masentimita okha. Kuika tsabola kuyenera kukhala zitsamba zinayi pa mita iliyonse. Chitsamba ndi chaching'ono.
Gladiator adzakondwera nawe ndi ake zokololazomwe zimapanga mpaka matani 50 pa hekitala.
Ndi mtundu wanji wa gladiator umene umakhala ndi tsabola uli ndi:
- Pepper amadya kukula kwa chipatso.
- Chikhalidwe chikulimbana ndi matenda ambiri.
- Kukolola kochuluka kwa tsabola wa Gladiator.
- Pepper ili ndi makhalidwe apamwamba.
- Chikhalidwe chili ndi transportability yabwino.
Mkhalidwe woipa ndi mantha a malo otsekemera a tsabola komanso kusowa kwa dzuwa.
Kufotokozera za tsabola wokoma "Mummers"
Pepper "Mummers", monga "Gladiator" ali ndi zipatso zazikulu kwambiri zolemera 300 magalamu.
Zipatso zimakhala ngati mawonekedwe a ngodya. Chikhalidwe chakukula mpaka mamita asanu ndi awiri akuda. Zipatso zimakhala zowutsa mudyo komanso zokoma.
Chikhalidwe pa nthawi yamawonekedwe chimakhala ndi mtundu wobiriwira wobiriwira, ndipo ukadzakula mokwanira umakhala wofiira.
Pepper "Mummer" ndi yakucha kucha. Nyengo yake yokula imakhala yoposa miyezi itatu. Chitsamba ndi wamtali kwambiri ndipo zimachitika patali pafupifupi masentimita 140.
Kupaka pepper ayenera kukhala ndi zomera zinayi pa mita iliyonse. Kufalitsa chitsamba ndi nusu-determinant.
Pepper "Mummers" idzakondweretsa inu ndi zokolola zake, zomwe zimakwanira 11 kg / m2.
Chimene chimapatsa tsabola "Mummers":
- Pepper ali ndi zipatso zazikulu.
- Chikhalidwe chikulimbana ndi matenda ambiri.
- Chomeracho chimapindulitsa kwambiri.
- Pepper "Mummers" ndi chikhalidwe choyambirira.
- Pepper ili ndi makhalidwe apamwamba.
- Chikhalidwe sichikufuna kuti zinthu zikule bwino.
Tsabola wokoma "Victoria" munganene chiyani za chikhalidwe ichi
Zowonjezera zipatso za tsabola. Pepper "Victoria" ali ndi zipatso zokwana 120 magalamu. Zipatso zimakhala ngati mawonekedwe akuluakulu.
Khoma la chikhalidwe ndilo mamita asanu ndi limodzi. Zipatso ndizosalala, zokometsera komanso zokoma.
Chikhalidwe pa nthawi ya maonekedwe chimakhala ndi mtundu wobiriwira wobiriwira, ndipo ukadzakula mokwanira umapeza mdima wofiira.
Ntchito yabwino kwambiri ya zipatso ndi kumalongeza.
Tsabola wosiyanasiyana "Victoria" ndi mitundu yabwino kwambiri yobereka. Chomera chomera.
Pepper "Victoria" amatanthauza mitundu yakuphulika. Nyengo yake ikukula ili pafupifupi miyezi inayi.
Chitsamba n'chochepa ndipo chimafika kutalika kwake kwa masentimita 60. Chitsamba sichiri kufalikira.
Pepper "Victoria" adzakondweretsa iwe ndiwe zokololazomwe zimapanga mpaka 7 kg / m2.
Chimene chimapatsa tsabola "Mummers":
- Pepper "Victoria" ndi zoweta zosiyana siyana, zomwe zimasonyeza kuti zosiyanasiyana zimagwirizana ndi kukula kwathu.
- Chikhalidwe n'cholimbana ndi matenda osiyanasiyana.
- Chomeracho chiri ndi zokolola zabwino.
- Pepper "Victoria" ali ndi kuyenda bwino.
- Pepper ili ndi makhalidwe apamwamba.
- Chikhalidwe chimadziwika ndi kufunika kwakukulu ndi kutchuka.
- Zipatso zikhoza kunama kwa nthawi yaitali ndipo nthawi yomweyo zimasunga makhalidwe awo onse.
Zowonongeka m'kalasi iyi sizimapezeka.
Kodi ndi chiani cha tsabola wokoma "Yermak"
Chipatso chamtchire chikuwoneka chowopsya. Pepper "Yermak" ali ndi zipatso zolemera masekeli 90.
Zipatso zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe awo mu mawonekedwe a piramidi. Khoma la chikhalidwe ndi mamita asanu olemera. Zipatso zimakhala zowutsa mudyo komanso zokoma.
Chikhalidwe pa kusasitsa kumakhala ndi mdima wobiriwira, ndipo ukamakula mokwanira umakhala wofiira.
Mitundu yambiri ya mtundu wa Yermak imatanthawuza mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Transdniestrian Research Institute of Agriculture komanso mitundu yowoneka bwino.
Nyengo yake ikukula ndi miyezi itatu yokha. Chitsamba n'chochepa ndipo chimakula mpaka kufika pa 45 cm.
Zokolola za mbeu ndi 3.5 kg / m2.
Ndi mtundu wanji zoyenera Kodi tsabola "Ermak":
- Pepper "Yermak" imasinthidwa ndi nyengo yoipa komanso kutentha.
- Chikhalidwe n'cholimbana ndi matenda osiyanasiyana.
- Chikhalidwe chili ndi zokolola zabwino.
- Pepper "Yermak" imadziwika bwino kwambiri.
- Pepper ili ndi makhalidwe apamwamba.
- Zipatso zimakula ndi kuphuka kuthengo pamodzi.
Palibe chimene munganene pa zolephera za zosiyanasiyana.
Pepper "Zaznayka" malongosoledwe, ubwino ndi kuipa
Zipatso za kuthengo sizimapezeka, ndipo zimatsogoleredwa. Tsabola "Zaznayka" ndi zipatso zambiri zomwe zimapanga magalamu 150.
Mmene chipatsochi chimapangidwira chimakhala chodabwitsa kwambiri. Khoma la chikhalidwe ndi mamita khumi olemera.
Zipatso zimadziwika ndi kuchulukitsitsa komanso zolemetsa. Zimakhala zowutsa mudyo komanso zokoma. Chikhalidwe pa kusasitsa kumakhala ndi mdima wobiriwira, ndipo ukamakula mokwanira umakhala wofiira.
Tsabola "Zaznayka" amatanthauza mitundu yoyamba kucha. Nyengo yake yokula ndi pafupifupi miyezi 3.5.
Tsabola ya pepper yomwe imakhala yayitali yaitali pafupifupi masentimita 100, yowonjezera ndi yochepa. Mukamabzala pa mita imodzi ya nthaka musapeze zoposa zinayi tchire.
Zokolola za mbeu ndi 10 kg / m2.
Ndi mtundu wanji zoyenera Wopatsa tsabola "Phunzirani za":
- Chikhalidwe n'cholimbana ndi matenda osiyanasiyana.
- Pepper "Zaznayka" ili ndi zokolola zambiri.
- Chikhalidwe chimadziwika ndi khalidwe lapamwamba la zipatso ndipamwamba kukoma.
- Pepper amadziwika ndi khalidwe labwino la kusunga zipatso.
- Mkhalidwe wabwino wa chikhalidwe ndi wofooka kukhetsa maluwa.
- Tsabola wosiyanasiyana "Zaznayka" amatanthauza mitundu yokolola yakucha.
Palibe choyenera kunena za zolephera za zosiyanasiyana.
Ndizosangalatsa kuwerenga za mitundu ya tsabola ku Moscow
Kodi ndi zofunikira zotani zomwe muyenera kuziwona mukamapatsa tsabola wokoma pamatope
Pepper, ngati chikhalidwe china chirichonse chimafunikira chisamaliro. Zonse zomwe muyenera kuchita ndizolemba pansipa.
Kodi muyenera kutentha bwanji?
Kutentha kovomerezeka kwa kukula kwa tsabola ndi kuyambira +20 mpaka + madigiri 25.
Pakati pa kutentha kwapansi, chomerachi chiyenera kuwonetsedwa ndi filimu kapena zinthu zina.
Ngati mabala a lilac akuwoneka pa chikhalidwe, izi zimasonyeza kutentha kozizira.
Kodi kudyetsa chomera?
Pa maluwa amtunduwu amadyetsa njira yotsatirayi, yomwe imadzipukutira kwa madzi zana limodzi:
- Choyamba chogwiritsira ntchito ndi makilogalamu asanu ndi limodzi a nettle, dandelion kapena plantain.
- Gawo lachiwiri la yankho ndi khumi malita a ndowe ya ng'ombe.
- Ndipo potsiriza, gawo lachitatu ndi supuni khumi za phulusa.
Zigawo zonse zimasakanizidwa ndi madzi, zimaloledwa kubzala kwa masiku asanu ndi awiri ndikugwiritsa ntchito ulimi wothirira pa mlingo umodzi wa lita imodzi pa mbeu.
Panthawi ya maluwa ndi kucha zipatso, chikhalidwe chimadyetsedwa ndi njira yina, kwa peresenti imodzi ya mbiya yomwe ili ndi:
- Chigawo choyamba ndi malita asanu a zitosi za mbalame.
- Gawo lachiwiri ndi khumi malita a ndowe ya ng'ombe.
Zonse zofunika zikhale zosakaniza ndi madzi, ndiyeno amaumirira masiku asanu, kenako amamwe madzi (malita asanu ndi limodzi pa mita imodzi).
Kudyetsa chikhalidwe kumachitika pa nthaka yonyowa. Chiwerengero chawo chiyenera kukhala kasanu. Nthawi pakati pa kudyetsa sayenera kukhala yoposa masiku khumi. Mukhozanso kuchita komanso kuyanika chikhalidwe cha kudya.
Kodi ndi chikhalidwe chani chomwe chiyenera kuthirira?
Njira yabwino yosamitsira mbewu ndi kukonkha. Koma si zonse zomwe zimachitika. Choncho, kuthirira mbewuyo ndi madzi osungunuka, kutentha pafupifupi pafupifupi madigiri 2525.
Kusamba madzi kumayenera kuchitika motere:
- Pamaso maluwa chikhalidwe amamwe kamodzi pa sabata, ndipo nthawi yotentha kawiri pa sabata. Kuchuluka kwa madzi pa mita imodzi imodzi sikuyenera kukhala oposa 12 malita.
- Pakati pa maluwa ndi kucha zipatso katatu pamlungu, madzi. Kuchuluka kwa madzi kufika pa malita 14 pa mita imodzi iliyonse.
Kodi mungamasule bwanji nthaka?
Aliyense amadziwa kuti mizu ya tsabola ili pafupi kwambiri ndi pamwamba. Choncho Kutsegula kumatheka mwachisamaliro mpaka mozama masentimita asanu panthawi imodzimodzimodzi ndi hilling ndi weeding chikhalidwe.
Muyeneranso kukumbukira za nthaka mulching yomwe idzateteze kuuma kwambiri kwa nthaka ndi namsongole. Njira yokhayi iyenera kuchitika pamene dothi likuwomba, monga tsabola ndi chomera chokonda kutentha.
Kodi m'pofunika kuwonjezera kuwonetsa pollination wa chikhalidwe?
Kuti mukhale ndi zokolola zina, ndithudi, muyenera kuchita zina zowonjezera mungu wa maluwa. Izi zimachitika nyengo yowuma, yopanda mphepo, motere, ndi kosavuta kugwedeza trellis pa tsabola wamaluwa.
Kodi ndikufunikira kumanga chikhalidwe?
Popeza tsabola ili ndi brittle, yomwe imakhala yosweka, imayenera kumangiriridwa ndi zikopa zomwe zili pafupi. Ndipo pafupi ndi tsabola ndi bwino kubzala mbewu zazikulu zomwe zingateteze ku mphepo.
