Momwe mungakulire thundu kuchokera ku acorn kunyumba? Zachidziwikire. Funso ili lidafunsidwa ndi wokhala nawo nthawi yopitilira chilimwe, chifukwa mtengo wamphamvu komanso wokhazikika umakhala wolimba kwambiri, umafunikira chidwi chake ndipo umatha kukondweretsa anthu amibadwo yambiri.
Kukonzekera zofunikira kubzala
Kuchita bwino pankhani yovuta ngati iyi kumadalira zomwe zabzala, ndikofunikira kusankha bwino acorn. Kuti muchite izi, tsatirani malangizo am'munda wamasiku onse:
- zipatso zimadulidwa pakati pa nthawi yophukira, mpaka zipatso za oak ziyambe kubwumbwa;
- izikhala ya bulauni ndi mtundu wobiriwira pang'ono, wopanda nkhungu ndi nyongolotsi;
- kumera, ndibwino kusankha acorn, yemwe amasiyanitsidwa mosavuta ndi cap. Sili mbali yake, koma amateteza zipatsozo.
Chithunzi cha Oak
Zambiri! Pokonzekera kubala zipatso, choyamba werengani zonse zokhudza mtundu wa mtengowo, chifukwa mitengo yamitundwi imakhala ndi zipatso zakupsa mosiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, mumtondo wofiirira wa ku America, womwe umapezeka kumayiko osiyanasiyana, zipatso zimapsa patatha zaka ziwiri. Ku Russia, mitengo yapamwamba kwambiri ya oti, yomwe imangotenga chaka chimodzi kuti izi zitheke.
Kusankhidwa kwa Acorn
Osati ma acorn onse omwe ali okonzeka kumera ndikusandulika kukhala mtengo wathunthu wathanzi komanso wamphamvu. Ndiye titha kuphukira acorn kunyumba? Kuti maloto onse akwaniritse, muyenera kusankha zipatso zoyenera. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kutenga ma acorn angapo osayesa nawo kwakukulu. Muyenera kusonkha ndowa ndi kuthira ma acorn. Pakupita mphindi zochepa, zipatso zimira, zomwe zimatsalabe zingathe kutayidwa, chifukwa sizingamere. Samira chifukwa choti nyongolotsi inawazingira mkati, kapena nkhungu ikagwera chipatsocho ndipo imawola mkati.
Kumera ma acorn
Ma acorned owuma bwino, kenako, limodzi ndi moss kapena zokutira, amaikidwa m'thumba lotsekedwa mwamphamvu. Amayikamo firiji kwa masiku 45 kapena kupitirira, mpaka acorn atayamba kuphuka.
Zomwe zili phukusi ziyenera kufufuzidwa pafupipafupi. Nthaka iyenera kukhala yonyowa pang'ono. Malo okhala chonyowa kwambiri amachititsa kuti mwana wosabadwayo avunduke, ndipo m'nthaka youma sichingamere.
Pakatha miyezi 1.5, mizu imawonekera kumayambiriro kwa dzinja, ndipo zipatsozo zimafunikira kuti zibzalidwe mchidebe chaching'ono ndi mainchesi 5 cm.
Dothi la thundu
Zoyenera kuti mphukira igwe pansi, yomwe ili pafupi ndi mtengo wa amayi. Ngati izi sizingatheke, mutha kutenga dothi laminda ndikuwonjezera peat moss. Zithandiza kukhalabe ndi chinyezi.
Mumphika wokhala ndi mphukira, payenera kukhala mabowo otulutsa madzi omwe madzi achinyontho amatha kutuluka. Zinthu zodzala sizinayike kuposa masentimita 5. Ubweya wonyowa wa thonje umayikidwa pamwamba ndikufundidwa ndi galasi, osayiwala za mabowo omwe mpweya umayenda.
Kuwongolera kukula kwa mitengo
Mmera uyenera kuyang'aniridwa bwino. Zomwe akukula bwino ndipo ntchito idapatsidwa korona yokhala ndi zotsatirapo zabwino zikuwonekera ndi izi:
- mbande zakula ndi 10 kapena 15 cm;
- masamba yaying'ono adawonekera;
- muzu wathanzi labwino wapangidwa ndipo mizu yaying'ono yoyera ikuwoneka;
- zikuwoneka bwino kuti mtengowo wadula poto wake.
Sankhani Mbewu za Oak
Mbande za oak, monga mbewu zina zambiri, zimafunikira kutola (ndikudulira mbewu mumphika wawung'ono kupita wawukulu). Njirayi ndiyofunika chifukwa imathandizira kukulitsa bwino kwa mizu ndikulimbikitsidwa kwake.
Tcherani khutu! Amapanga zisanachitike masamba awiri kapena atatu amawonekera pakuwala.
Zoyala
Akasankha malo okonzekerapo, amawatengeka kuti akumbire tsambalo. Nthaka yomasukidwa bwino imapereka mizu ndi kufalikira koyenera kwa mpweya komanso kupezeka kwamadzi abwino.
Ndikofunikanso kukumba bowo la kukula koyenera. Magawo ake amadalira kukula kwa muzu waukulu. Nthawi zambiri, kuya sikumapitirira 90 cm, ndipo mainchesiwo ndi 35 cm. Mtengo umabzalidwa mudothi lonyowa, motero, asanabzalidwe, nthaka imadzala. Mukabzala mbande m'nthaka, dothi limapumira.
Oak mbande
Mukamabereka zimphona, zimatsogozedwa ndi malamulo atatu oyambira:
- Pakukonzekera, pathanthwe limapangidwa kuchokera komwe kumera, kuti madzi asatalike pafupi ndi thunthu la thundu, ndipo mtengowo ungatetezedwe kuowonongeka;
- mozungulira mtengo muyenera mulch dothi. Kuti muchite izi, peat kapena khungwa la mtengo ndiloyenera. Zozungulira panjirayi ndi pafupifupi masentimita 30. Makungwa ake amathandiza kupukutira ndi kuteteza mbewu ku maudzu;
- inshuwaransi, mutha kuponyera ma acorn ena angapo mu dzenjelo, omwe adzaonetsetsa kuti ikuyenda bwino. Musawaike ozama kuposa 3 cm.
Momwe mungadziwire kukonzekera kwa mbande posintha malo
Ndizotheka kudziwa kuti mbande zakonzeka kubzala ndi zizindikiro zingapo:
- mmera wakula osachepera 15 cm ndipo woposa kukula kwa poto;
- masamba pafupifupi 5 opangidwa pamtengo;
- mizu idapangidwa bwino;
- itadutsa pakati pa milungu pafupifupi iwiri.
Mukadzala mbande m'nthaka
Nthambi zazing'ono zimabzalidwa mu kasupe m'mayenje okonzekera. Pansi limakutidwa ndi dothi lonyowa lakuya masentimita 20. Zingwe zazing'ono kapena njerwa zosweka ndizoyenera izi.
Tcherani khutu! Dothi limakonzedwa pasadakhale: dothi limaphatikizidwa ndi zidebe ziwiri za humus, kilogalamu ya phulusa ndi feteleza wamamineral.
Kusankha malo ndi mawonekedwe amafikira
Kukula kopitilira kwa mtengowo kumatengera malo omwe adasankhidwa moyenerera. Chifukwa chake, posankha malo, muyenera kuganizira zambiri:
- chiwalitsiro. Mtengo umafunika kuwala kwa dzuwa kuti ukule, choncho safunika kubzalidwe pamthunzi. Zomera zimatenga mphamvu ya dzuwa ndikukhazikika;
- kusowa kwa madzi, zingwe zamagetsi ndi misewu. Ndizovuta kulosera molondola momwe mtengo ungakulire ndi komwe mizu yake imapita, motero ndi kwanzeru kusankha malo kutali ndi mitundu yonse yolumikizirana. Mtunda wozungulira nyumba kapena nyumba zina uzikhala wosachepera 3.5 m;
- kupatula pafupi ndi mbewu. Ngati mitengo ina ili pafupi ndi mtengo wa oak, ndiye kuti mwina singalandire kuchuluka kofunikira kwa michere. Zotsatira zake zimakhala zopanda kukula komanso chitukuko. Payenera kukhala mtunda wa pafupifupi 3 mita pakati pa thundu ndi mbewu zina.
Kukula Kusamalira Thupi la Oak
M'masiku oyambilira a mbewu m'mpweya wabwino, zitha kuwoneka ngati kuti kukula kwa mtengo wa oak kunyumba ndikovuta. Chomera chimakhala chosamasuka, chifukwa chizolowera kuunikira, dothi ndi malo.
Wachinyamata oak
Komabe, ngati chilichonse chachitika molondola, chimalimba ndikuyamba kukula bwino. Mtengowu umafunikira chisamaliro chapadera zaka zitatu zoyambirira. Kenako imalimba ndipo idzatha kudzilimira yokha. Kuti mukukula kwathunthu komanso mwachangu, muyenera kutsatira malangizo awa:
- ndikofunikira kupatsa ana mmera uwu chitetezo kuchokera kumagolo, komwe ndi chithandizo chenicheni. Ndikofunika kumanga mpanda wocheperako womwe uteteze mtengowo mbali zonse;
- Kuphatikiza pa makoswe, ma acorn amathanso kuukira tizilombo tina tosiyanasiyana. Nthawi zambiri, pamakhala pepala la thundu, njenjete ndi chipewa chachikulu cha oak. Muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizirombo tomwe titha kupulumutsa mbande kuchokera pazimbudzi;
- masabata awiri oyambilira mutabzala, mmera uyenera kuthiriridwa tsiku lililonse. Thirani madzi ambiri nthawi.
M'nyengo yozizira, muyenera kusamalira kuteteza mitengo kuti isazizidwe kwambiri ndi chisanu ndi ma hares omwe amakonda kupindula ndi timitengo tating'ono tating'ono. Nthaka pafupi ndi mtengo uyenera kuphimbidwa ndi masamba osakaniza owuma, humus ndi udzu. Wosanjikiza wotere ayenera kukhala wokulirapo masentimita 10. Nthambi za mitengo zimakanikizidwa pang'ono, pafupi ndi thunthu. Kenako imakutidwa ndi matumba awiri. Chapakatikati, chomera chimatsegulidwa, ndipo chimayamba kuwongola nthambi ndikuyikweza.
Pambuyo pake mmera
Chaka chilichonse mtengowo umayamba kulimba. Iyenera kusamaliridwa pocheperako, chifukwa mtengowo udzakhala wamtali, nyama sizingathe kuwuwononga, ndipo mizu yamphamvu italowa pansi ndipo sidzafunikira kuthirira.
Zambiri! Pakatha zaka 20, mitundu yambiri imayamba kubala zipatso, komanso pamakhalanso zochitika ngati izi zomwe zimabala zipatso pokhapokha zaka 50.
Zinthu zosamalira mwana wachinyamata thundu
Mtengo wachichepere umafunikira chisamaliro chapadera:
- amafunikira kumasula dothi ndi kuchotsa maudzu, omwe amakoka zinthu zonse zofunikira mwa iwo eni;
- mchaka chachiwiri mutabzala, kuvala pamwamba kumachitika: zina zowonjezera za nayitrogeni zimawonjezeredwa mu kasupe, ndipo nitroammophoska imayambitsidwa koyambilira kwa yophukira;
- ndikofunika kuteteza mphukira ku matenda oyamba ndi fungus. Powdery mildew ndiowopsa makamaka kwa iwo. Chifukwa chaichi, amathandizidwa ndi fungicides ngati njira yodzitetezera;
- kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yophukira, kufikira kutuluka kwamayendedwe kumayamba, kudulira kumachitika, ndikupanga korona ndikuchotsa madera owonongeka.
Powdery mildew pamasamba
Kuyanika mtengo pamalo owuma
Mitengo imakhala ndi mizu yayikulu ndi yolimba, mothandizidwa ndi iyo imatulutsa madzi m'nthaka, ngakhale itakhala youma kwathunthu. M'nyengo yozizira komanso yamvula, nyama zazing'ono siziyenera kuthiriridwa madzi. Koma nyengo yadzuwa nkwanzeru kukhazikitsa dongosolo lothirira. M'masiku otentha, mtengowo umafunikira malita 30 amadzi kwa masiku 14. Panthawi yachilala, kuthirira kumakhala koyenera kwa zaka ziwiri.
Zofunika! Madzi sayenera kuloledwa kutola mozungulira thunthu kapena kugwera pamenepo. Amatha kuyamba kuvunda.
Kuphatikiza poti mitengo yamtengo wapatali ya oak imakongoletsa nyumba zanyumba zamalimwe, imabweretsanso zabwino zambiri. Makungwa a Oak amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mankhwala. Amathandizanso kutukusira mkatikati mwa kamwa ndikuthandizira kuthana ndi matenda am'mimba. Muthanso kubzala mitengo itatu pansi pa mtengo. Mtengo wamtundu wamtengowu umabweretsa zipatso zabwino, zomwe sizimangokonza mbale zosiyanasiyana, komanso khofi wofatsa.
Kukula mtengo kuchokera ku acorn ndi njira yovuta, koma ndizotheka ngati mutsatira malamulo omwe afotokozedwa pamwambapa. Mtengo wa thundu umakula kwa nthawi yayitali, koma mawonekedwe ake akunja ndi koyenera kudikira zaka zochepa.
