Zipatso za ma corm - maluwa a sparaxis sangathe kutchulidwa kwambiri pakati pa mbewu zamunda. Nthawi yomweyo, amayenera kuyang'aniridwa chifukwa ali ndi penti yowoneka bwino, maluwa owala bwino ndipo amawoneka pena paliponse, komanso amawonekeranso ndi nyengo yamaluwa - kumapeto kwa kasupe ndi chilimwe. Olima osadziwa zambiri akaona maluwa okongola ngati sparaxis, amaganiza kuti kukula ndi kusamala kutchire kumakhala kovuta kwambiri, koma ayi. Kupitilira apo, zikhalidwe za kulima zikufotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane.
Zinthu za sparaxis
Chomera chobiriwira kwambiri - sparaxis (lat. Sparaxis) ndi a banja la Iris (lat. Iridaceae). Amakula ngati mbewu m'munda, nyumba ndi wowonjezera kutentha.
Duwa la Sparaxis pachimake
Ma sparaxis ambiri odziwika amapezeka ku South Africa, makamaka m'chigawo cha Cape. Mtundu wa tricolor (lat. Sparaxis tricolor) wabweretsedwa kuchokera ku California.
Kutengera ndi mitundu, kutalika kwa gawo la chomera limayambira masentimita 15 mpaka 60. Masamba ndi ofanana ndi masamba a daffodil - osalala, owoneka bwino, okhala ndi lamba, ozungulira kumapeto.
Duwa limakhala ngati nyenyezi, limatha kukhala pafupifupi chilichonse. Ma Corollas m'mimba mwake amafika masentimita 5. Malangizo a mabreteni adagawanika, omwe amawonekera mu dzina lachi Latin la mitundu.
Zowonjezera! Pali mitundu 6 yodziwika ya sparaxis, yomwe ena amati ndi mtundu umodzi wa mbewu yomweyo. Chiwerengero cha mitundu yodziwika ndi pafupifupi 20.
Gulu la mitundu ya sparaxis
Mitundu yodziwika kwambiri mu chikhalidwe chamundundidwa yalembedwa pansipa.
Sparaxis tricolor (lat.Sparaxis tricolor)
Mwa okonda maluwa azomera, duwa limadziwikanso kuti sparaxis tricolor.
Ma bus obiriwira a xiphoid masamba mpaka 40c wamtali ndi mateleti amtali amodzimodzi, momwe masamba amatengedwa m'magulu a zidutswa za 5-7. Pansi pamiyalayo pali mphete yakuda, ndipo pansi pake ndi wachikaso.
Tricolor Sparaxis
Ma sparaxis okongola (lat.Sparaxis elegans)
Zosalala zimakhala mpaka kutalika kwa 15 cm. Maluwa amapaka utoto wowala wa lalanje kapena loyera. Mitundu yotchuka "kusakaniza" imaphatikiza mithunzi yosiyanasiyana nthawi imodzi.
Pamakhala mulinso mphete yakuda ndi chikasu chachikaso, pafupifupi chophimbidwa ndi ma stamens a utoto wofiirira.
Sparaxis wokongola
Sparaxis Bilbifer (Latin Sparaxis bulbifera)
Mtunduwu ndi umodzi mwamtali. Kutalika kwa tchire kumafika masentimita 60. Maluwa amatuluka tokhazikika, nthambi. Kumapeto, masamba awiri amatsegulidwa. Duwa lililonse limakhala lalitali pafupifupi 6 cm.
Colouring ndi yoyera, kirimu wowala, yoyera komanso yachikaso.
Sparaxis bulbifera
Sparaxis grandiflora (lat.Sparaxis grandiflora)
Mtunduwu ndi wamtali. Ma plates a masamba ali ndi mawonekedwe okhala ngati lamba. Maluwa ndi akulu, atali, amatha kupaka utoto woyera, wofiirira komanso wachikasu. Maluwa amakhala ndi fungo labwino kwambiri, ndichifukwa chake nyamayi imatchedwanso sparaxis onunkhira.
Sparaxis grandiflora
Zosiyanasiyana zomwe ndizodziwika kwambiri pakati pa wamaluwa
Pogulitsa, mababu a sparaxis amakhalabe osowa, koma mitundu yotsatirayi yotchuka ikhoza kugulidwa m'misika yayikulu yaminda.
Elegans
Zosiyanasiyana zimayimiriridwa ndi maluwa oyera ndi oyera. Phata pa corolla ndi lakuda kapena lofiirira. Masitepe amakhala akuda kapena oyera. Elegance ili ndi fungo labwino.
Sparaxis elegans
Superba
Mitundu yayikulu-yayitali ndi 25-30 cm. inflorescence yooneka ngati nthomba imapangidwa ndi masamba a 5, kuphukira motsatizana kuyambira pansi mpaka pansi. Danga la corolla ndi pafupifupi 5 cm.
Mitundu ya lalanje, yofiirira, yoyera, yachikaso ndi yofiyira. Pakatikati pa duwa ndi wachikasu kapena wakuda.
Sparaxis Red Superba
Mbuye wamoto
Maluwa ochititsa chidwi kwambiri okhala ndi miyala isanu ndi umodzi, yomwe imakhala ndi chikaso chowala kwambiri ndikuwoneka bwino kwambiri pamitundu yonse kuyambira pinki mpaka utoto. Kutalika kwazomera kumayambira 30-60 cm.
Longosolani Ambuye wa moto
Jumbo Star Remix
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana (yosakaniza) yokhala ndi zitsinde zazitali ndi masamba amitundu yonse yamithunzi. Zinthu zodzala izi ndizabwino kupanga mitundu yosakanikirana pafupi ndi mbewu zina za babu zochulukirapo nthawi zamaluwa.
Zosemedwa
Chodabwitsa cha mitundu iyi ndi malo achilendo mtundu pamunsi pa duwa. Gawo lachikaso limayalidwa ndi mtanda wakuda womwe uli ndi mawonekedwe ovuta. Kuphatikiza ndi pamtengo wofiyira kapena malalanje, kuwunikira kwa malawi owala kumapangidwa popanda maziko a udzu wowala.
Sparaxis - kukula ndi mbewu (mphindi za njirayo)
Chomerachi sichimapezeka kawirikawiri kuchokera kumbewu. Cholinga chake ndikuti mbande izitha kupereka maluwa oyamba mchaka cha 3 cha moyo.
Mbewu zimachitika mbande za 10 cm, zodzazidwa ndi nthaka yachonde. Nthawi yamera mpaka masiku 30. Amadulidwa, ndikusiya masentimita awiri pakati pamakope.
Kuziika pamalo otseguka kumachitika pamene kutalika kwa nthaka mwa mbande kumakhala masentimita 7-8. M'dzinja amakumbidwa, ndikuwobzala kumapeto kwa Meyi wotsatira.
Malangizo Odzala Bulb
Mababu obzalidwa m'miyeso bwino, koma amatetezedwa ku mphepo zamphamvu. Maluwa amakhala mthunzi. Nthaka iyenera kuthiridwa bwino, loam angachite.
Kubzala kuya - 5-7 masentimita, pakati pa maluwa osagwirizana ndi mtunda wa 8-10 cm.
Tcherani khutu! Mababu ang'onoang'ono mchaka choyamba, atabzala kumapeto kwa Meyi, azitha kuphuka mu Ogasiti.
Sparaxis - kubzala ndi kusamalira poyera
Malamulo aukadaulo aulimi apakati pa lat latini pafupifupi amabwereza kwathunthu mfundo za kusamalira mbewu ina yodziwika bwino m'munda - gladioli.
Maluwa amafunika kuthirira nthawi zonse, kudulira, komanso kumasula nthaka mutathirira. Ngati nyengo ndiyotentha komanso yonyowa, ndiye kuti dzuwa litalowa tchire limatsanuliridwa kuchokera kusefera ndi madzi ofunda.
Ndizowopsa kubzala ma corm m'madambo osefukira komanso mumtunda wamtchire lalitali ndi mitengo. Madzi akakhala madzi, gawo loyambira pansi limakhazikika, ndipo popanda dzuwa, masamba satseguka.
- Kuthirira
Kudzala kouma kumafunika kusamaliridwa pafupifupi tsiku lililonse. Dothi likangouma kuchokera kumwamba, muyenera kuthirira madzi nthawi yomweyo ndi madzi okhazikika, ofunda ndi dzuwa.
- Mulching
Popewa kuthana pafupipafupi pakati pa ulimi wothirira, kuphimba dothi ndi utuchi kapena peat. Namsongole suwonekanso.
- Kumasuka
Popeza kuya kwa mababu sikupitirira 8 cm, kumasula dothi pakati pa ulimi wothirira kuyenera kukhala kolondola kwambiri komanso kopambanitsa.
- Mavalidwe apamwamba
Onetsetsani kuti masamba oyamba atangoyamba, amapangira feteleza wophatikiza ndi maluwa (20 g pa 10 l madzi) m'nthaka. Pakati pa nyengo, mavalidwe ghithu ghatatu ghakafiskika, kuŵaleka maluwa ghanyake.
Kodi limamasuka liti komanso motani
Kudikirira maluwa ndi nthawi yosangalatsa. Ziyenera kuyembekezeredwa kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe kapena kumapeto kwake, kutengera dera.
Munda wokhala ndi sparaxis wamitundu yosiyanasiyana (kusakaniza)
- Mitundu ya maluwa
M'mitundu yonse, corolla ili ndi magulu akuluakulu 6. Ma inflorescence ndi ma genemose komanso spike mu 2-7 masamba. Pakati pa corolla pali pestle yayikulu yokhala ndi chisala chogawika masamba 6 ndi 6 stamens yokhala ndi overgrown kapena wamba, ikutha ndi ma anthers akuda akuda, ofiira kapena achikasu.
- Maonekedwe a maluwa
Kukula kwa ma corollas kumasiyanasiyana masentimita 2-7. Maluwa akulu kwambiri ali ndi mitundu ndi ma hybrids aposachedwa, mwachitsanzo, Superba.
- Nthawi ya maluwa
Ngati tikulankhula za madera akumwera, pomwe nthawi yozizira kutentha sikugwa pansi -5 ° C, ndiye kuti maluwa adzaphuka kutuluka kwamasika ndi chilimwe. Kumpoto, ku Urals ndi Siberia, corms amabzalidwa kumapeto kwa Meyi ndipo maluwa amapezeka kumapeto kwa Ogasiti.
- Zosintha pakusamalira maluwa
Popeza ma peduncles nthawi zonse amakhala ndi masamba angapo omwe satseguka pang'ono, ndikofunikira kuti muchotse owumbawo. Zowonjezereka kotero kuti otsalira akhale ndi mphamvu zokwanira kuti atsegule.
Kusamalira pambuyo maluwa
Kulikonse komwe nthawi yozizira kutentha kwa mpweya kumatsikira pansi pa 0 ° C, ma corm amakumbidwa ndikusungidwa m'malo apansi.
- Kupukuta kwa babu
Osakumba sparaxis nthawi yachisanu, ngati wakula ngati pachaka. Nthawi zina, kumapeto kwa maluwa, chikasu cha gawo lapansi chikuyembekezeka kukumba ma corms nthawi yomweyo.
- Kuyanika ndikusintha ma tubers
Sikoyenera kudulira mafuta omwe analibe nthawi yakufota, muyenera kuyembekezera kuti iwume ndi kusiya. Corm ndi zouma, kutsukidwa dothi, kosanjidwa ndi kusungidwa kuti isungidwe chapansi pa kutentha kwa + 5 ... +9 ° С. Moyo wa alumali: zaka 2-3.
Tcherani khutu! Ana adululidwa asanagwe pansi!
Mavuto omwe angakhalepo pakulima ndi kusamalira
Ndiukadaulo woyenera waulimi, chomera sichimakwiya ndi kufa kwawo. Ndikokwanira kuyang'ana kubzala sabata iliyonse ndikulabadira mawonekedwe a tchire.
Grandiflora sparaxis mikwingwirima
Madzi akakhazikika m'nthaka, ma corm amatenga zowola. Muzochitika zapamwamba, maluwa amafa. Ngati mtundu wamasamba wasanduka wonyezimira kapena wachikasu, zikutanthauza kuti m'nthaka mulibe chitsulo, muyenera kuthira feteleza wachitsulo. Zomwe zimayipa kwambiri ndizovuta komanso kusowa kwa dzuwa.
Nthawi zambiri, sparaxis imatha kuwonekera pamtunda wamtambo. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwazinyama zochepa zomwe sizikufunika dothi lamphamvu komanso losakhala lofunika kufupi ndi maluwa ena. Chinthu chachikulu kukumbukira za kutentha kwake kwapadera kwambiri.
