Momwe mungadyetsere gladioli mu kasupe ndi chilimwe

Kukongoletsa kanyumba ka chilimwe - gladiolus. Kuti musangalatse maluwa, okongola, koma okongoletsa amafunika chisamaliro. Momwe mungadyetsere gladioli kuti mukule ndi maluwa? Zomwe mungaphatikizire pazosankha zamaluwa? Mafunso awa akukhumudwitsa ambiri okhala pachilimwe.

Kufotokozera kwa gladioli

Pali nthano zokhudzana ndi duwa. Malinga ndi nthano, maluwa adakula kuchokera malupanga a asitikali achi Thracian omwe agonjetsedwa, omwe Aroma adasinthana kukhala zida zankhondo. 2 ogwidwa: Sevt ndi Teres, adapanga abwenzi mu ukapolo. Molamulidwa ndi mkulu wankhondo waciroma, kuti asangalatse anthu, anali kulimbana. Wopambana adalonjezedwa ufulu ndikubwerera kunyumba ngati mphotho.

Kuvala kwapamwamba kwamaluwa okongola a gladioli

Koma achinyamatawo adakana ndewu, ndikuponya malupanga pansi. Anaphedwa chifukwa chosamvera. Matupi a asirikali atalumikizana ndi dziko lapansi, chozizwitsa chidachitika: malupanga adamasula mizu yawo ndikufalikira. Pofuna kulemekeza gladiators olimba mtima, dzina la gladiolus limawonekera mmera. Amayimira ubwenzi, kukhulupirika, kusadzikonda.

Chomera chimalemekezedwa kwambiri chifukwa cha zokongoletsera zake. Zodziwika za maluwa:

• mawonekedwe;
• miyeso;
• utoto;
• maluwa;
• kuteteza kutalika kudula.

Kutalika kwa Peduncle kumasiyana kuchokera ku 0,5 mpaka 1,3 m.

Mawuwa amamasuliridwa kuchokera ku Chilatini ngati lupanga. Gladiolus ali ngati lupanga. Kukula kwa chikhalidwe kumakhala kovunda koyambira 1- kapena 2. Mitundu ya inflorescence yamitundu yazifupi imafikira 25 cm, mpaka 120 cm - yayikulu.

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya gladioli

Gladioli ikuwoneka mosiyanasiyana - alipo 5,000. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imakhala pafupifupi pafupifupi zaka 10.

Masamba ndi osiyana, owoneka bwino, ozungulira kapena xiphoid, omwe amatalika mpaka 80. Mizu ya gladiolus ndi corm.

Bokosi lojambulidwa lodzaza ndi nthangala za chipatso ndi chipatso cha duwa. Chiwerengero chawo ndi 250 ma PC. Mbewuzo sizikhala ndi nthawi yopumira. Kubzala mbewu mutatola kumayendera limodzi ndi kumera pambuyo pa masabata awiri.

Zoyenera

Maluwa okongola a gladioli amasamaliridwa pasadakhale. Amakumba chiwembu pa fosholo ndikuyambitsa manyowa owola: zidebe ziwiri pa 1 m2. Amadyetsa dothi ndi potashi ndi feteleza wa phosphorous: pa lalikulu - 40 g.

Pofika masika masiku 20 asanaberekedwe, urea umapinda mu dothi: 20 g pa 1 m2. Mukabzala tubers, dothi limathandizidwa ndi phytosporin kapena potaziyamu permanganate.

Phytosporin pokonza

Njira imodzi yothira feteleza gladioli ndi tincture wa adyo.

Asanabzala, anyezi amasungidwa mu biostimulator. Mwadala, gladiolus imamera pa chernozem wolemera ndi miyala yamchenga yomwe imakhala ndi acid pH pang'ono. Kukhazikika kwa dothi kumakhudzanso kukongola kwa maluwa.

Zakudya Zofunikira

Gladiolus amafunika nayitrogeni, potaziyamu ndi phosphorous, nthawi zina - mu magnesium, calcium. Maluwa akamakula m'maluwa achilimwe, amangopanga zokolola zomwe zimakhala ndi michere itatu: phosphorous, nayitrogeni ndi potaziyamu.

Malangizo a feteleza

Ndi mitundu yanji yakuvala yapamwamba yomwe imafunikira kwa gladiolus

Mutabzala anyezi, maluwa amamwetsedwa ndi nayitrogeni, yemwe amachititsa kukula, chifukwa cha mapuloteni. Kusintha kwamtundu wa masamba kumatanthauza kugona kwa nayitrogeni. Amasandulika kukhala wobiriwira wotumbuluka, hue wobiriwira wolemera amayankhula za kuchuluka kwa nayitrogeni. Green misa imayamba, kukana matenda a phyto kumachepa.

Phosphorous - ndizomwe gladioli imanyowa usanayambe maluwa, zimakhudza kuthamanga ndi kuchuluka kwa mapangidwe. Amapereka kagayidwe ka hydrocarbon. Kusowa kwake kumakwiyitsa:

• kupuma kwa masamba;
• maluwa osayenda bwino;
• kuchedwa kwachitukuko.

Kudyetsa achinyamata gladioli ndi mankhwala okhala ndi phosphorous kumachitika mchaka pomwe masamba asanu kapena asanu ndi amodzi awonekera. Kubwezeretsanso phosphorous pagawo laphokoso kumayamikiridwa kwambiri, chinthucho chimadyedwa mwachangu pokonzekera mapangidwe a maluwa.

Popanga masamba ndi maluwa onse, zodzoladzola zopangidwa ndi potaziyamu ndizothandiza. Zimathandizira kagayidwe kachakudya ndi kapangidwe ka chakudya. Ngati chinthu chayambitsidwa, kukana matenda, kuzizira kwawonjezeka. Kuperewera kwa potaziyamu ndi komwe kumayambitsa vuto lodana ndi zinthu zomwe zimapezeka mu corm.

Pafupipafupi pakudyetsa

Pali magawo 4 odyetsa zinthu zofunika. Feteleza kumachitika mu mawonekedwe amadzimadzi, omwe ndiwothandiza kwambiri kuposa kufalikira pabedi la maluwa. Gawo lachitukuko cha chikhalidwe limatsimikizira kuchuluka kwa chakudya. Zomera zimadyetsedwa pakatukuka kalikonse ndi masiku 5-7. Isanafike ndi madzi kudyetsa madzi mbewu kuteteza kuyaka, sinthani kaperekedwe ka mizu.

Kukula kwa maluwa, komwe kumatsimikizira kumanganso pansi:

1. Kupangidwe kwa timapepala totsimikizika kokwana 2-3.
2. Maonekedwe a masamba 6.
3. Chiyambi cha mapangidwe a peduncle.
4. Gawo la maluwa.
5. Pambuyo maluwa kuti zipse anyezi.

Amadyetsa maluwa m'mundamu ndipo pakati pazigawo zazikulu za chitukuko, kukonzanso kumatengera mkhalidwe wa gladiolus.

Magawo akulu odyetsa

Kukula kwa gawo kumakhudza kuyambitsa kwa organics, mchere. Kuti zikule bwino nthawi yobzala, gladioli imadyetsedwa ndi nayitrogeni kutchire.

Masamba akakhwima, phosphorous imafunika. Kuperewera kwake kumakhudza kuchuluka kwa maluwa.

Phosphorous m'mimba yomera

Mukaphukira, potaziyamu ndiofunikira, zomwe zimapangitsa chitetezo cha mthupi kukhala pachikhalidwe.

Kuti ma corms achuluke, muyenera kuwonjezera potaziyamu ndi phosphorous.

Kukula mababu musanabzike

Kubzala bwino kwa gladioli kumaphatikizapo kusankha malo abwino, komanso kukonza anyezi chifukwa chodzala. Ma feteleza apadera pa nthawi yobzala amayesetsa kuteteza maluwa ku matenda a phytoball, yambitsani kumera ndi kudz nyemba ndi zinthu zofunikira.

Kukonza ma corms musanabzike

Idzatenga 10 g ya madzi 1 g wa potaziyamu permanganate, 20 g wa nitrate ndi 10 g wa boric acid. Payokha, 20 g yamkuwa sulphate amadzipereka mu madzi okwanira 1 litre. Sakanizani mayankho. Ziphuphu zimathiridwa kwa theka la ola musanabzale.

Mavalidwe apamwamba apamwamba

Ndikofunikira kuti okhala chilimwe azitha kudziwa momwe angalimbikitsire kufalikira kwa gladioli kuposa kudyetsa maluwa. Kubwezeretsanso kwachizungu ndikoyenera. Panyengo, mbewu zimadyetsedwa katatu pamasamba.

Mu gawo la budding, gladioli imatsanulidwa ndi potaziyamu permanganate, mkuwa wa sulfate, boric acid kapena osakaniza wazinthu zingapo.

Kuti muwonjezere maluwa ambiri ndi kukula kwa utoto, m'masiku omaliza a June, mbewu zimafesedwa ndi kapangidwe kake, zomwe zimafunikira:

• potaziyamu permanganate - 1.5 g;
• sulfate yamkuwa - 1.5 g;
• sulfate ya zinc - 0,3 g;
• magnesium sulfate - 1 g;
• boric acid - 1 g;
• cobalt nitrate - 0,1 g.

Zigawozi zimaphatikizidwa ndi 10 l amadzimadzi. Mu khumi zapitazi za Julayi, maluwa amawathandizanso ndi kuphatikizidwanso.

Zakudya za mbewu zakumwa

Kudyetsa kwabodza kwachitatu kumathandiza kumangiriza ana ambiri. Kavalidwe kabwinoko kabwino kumachitika kokha madzulo kapena pamitambo.

Choyamba kudyetsa

Chapakatikati, chakudya cha gladioli koyamba:

• saltpeter - 35-40 g.;
• carbamide - 25-30 g;
• potaziyamu sulfate - 20 g;
• superphosphate - 35 g;
• phulusa la nkhuni - 45-50 g.

Zigawozo zimaphatikizidwa mu 10 l amadzimadzi.

Mukamaliza kudyetsa

Kukonzanso komaliza kwa gladioli kumachitika pakubwera kwa mwezi woyamba wa yophukira. Kumayambiriro kwa Seputembala, amakhala ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndipo nthawi yomweyo timapatsidwa chakudya chomwe chimakonzedwa kuchokera ku 5 g ya potaziyamu permanganate pa 10 malita amadzimadzi, ndipo amawononga malo onse obzala. Lekani kuphatikiza feteleza gladiolus pambuyo pa Seputembara 5.

Momwe mungamwere

Kubwezeretsanso kudzakhala kopindulitsa mukapangidwa, nthawi, mawonekedwe a feteleza posankhidwa bwino. Malangizo akukuuzani momwe mungathiriritsire madzi gladioli moyenera maluwa:

• gwiritsani ntchito madzi;
• kuthira madzi kwambiri musanayambe kumanganso;
• kumasula nthaka, chotsani namsongole;
• kudyetsa mbewu madzulo;
• madzi pakati pa mizere, osati mizu.

Zamoyo zoyendera maluwa

Wamaluwa ali ndi chidwi ndi momwe angadyetsere gladioli chifukwa cha maluwa ambiri. Feteleza zachilengedwe zimakonza kapangidwe ka dothi.

Mullein

Mulilin wofinya amadyetsa maluwa. W kulowetsedwa amakonzedwa kuchokera ku makeke amphaka, osakanikirana ndi madzi muyezo wa 1:10. Kukhazikitsidwa kwa mullein kumachepetsa kuchuluka kwa nthaka yapadziko lapansi, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yodutsa komanso yopepuka.

Ndowera nkhuku

Chidacho chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pouma komanso madzi. Imakhala ndi phindu pa kapangidwe ka dothi. Kubwezeretsanso nkhokwe za potaziyamu, kumathandizira kuti maluwawo akhazikitse msanga msanga wobiriwira, amathandiza kuphuka.

Manyowa a nkhuku amagwiritsidwa ntchito molingana ndi gawo la 1: 15, kunena masiku atatu, kuthilira ma kanjira.

Manyowa akavalo

Pa ndowa, gwiritsani ntchito 1 makilogalamu a makeke ophika, chokani kwa tsiku. Sakanizani pakati ndi madzi.

Feteleza ndi feteleza wamaminolo

Kuthandizira kukula ndi kufalikira kwa gladiolus, yankho la superphosphate (30 g) ndi potaziyamu sulfate (20 g) ndilothandiza. Zosakaniza zake zimaphatikizidwa ndi 10 l yamadzi. Kuchuluka kwa osakaniza ndi okwanira pa lalikulu la mabedi.

Feteleza kumakhala kowonjezera umuna

Kuyambitsidwa kwa zodzikongoletsera zothandizira kudzakulitsa nyengo yamaluwa. Pa nthawi ya mapangidwe amphukira, gladioli imadyetsedwa ndi zovuta za zinthu zomwe zimasungunuka mu 10 l yamadzi:

• potaziyamu sulfate - 15 g;
• carbamide - 15 g;
• superphosphate - 30 g.

Musachoke pazomwe chakudya cha nayitrogeni chamtsogolo. Kusakaniza kowonjezera kudya kumakonzedwa pogwiritsa ntchito superphosphate (30 g) ndi potaziyamu sulfate (20 g) pa ndowa ya lita 10.

Ma feteleza ovuta a mchere pakusamalira maluwa

Amagwiritsa ntchito kukonzekera kovuta Fertika Lux ndi Kemira wagon station malinga ndi malangizo.

Feteleza kwa gladioli mukabzala mu masika ndi chilimwe

Kukhazikitsidwa kwa gladioli kumachitika pakati pa Russia kumapeto kwa Epulo komanso khumi oyamba a Meyi. Kwa nthawi yoyamba, amadyetsa maluwa pokonzekera nthaka.

Asanadzalemo corms, mu masabata awiri, urea (20-30 g) amatsekedwa ndikukumba mu 1 lalikulu la kama. Amabweranso ndi manyowa (kompositi kapena humus) mukabzala.

Kukonzanso kwakukulu kumapangidwa masamba a masamba awiri, pomwe gladiolus ikufunika nayitrogeni. Thirani mbewu pansi pa muzu ndi yankho (3 tbsp. L. Nitrate pa 10 l amadzi).

Amadyetsa maluwa nthawi ya maluwa osachepera 5. M'chilimwe, micronutrient yowonjezera pamasamba imagwira ntchito:

• sulfate yamkuwa;
• potaziyamu permanganate;
• magnesium
• boric acid;
• chitsulo.

Zofunikira zazikulu zachikhalidwecho munyengo yachilimwe ndizamchere wam potaziyamu. Zomera zokhala ndi maluwa ochulukirapo ndizophatikiza ndi potaziyamu ndi phosphorous ndi nayitrogeni. Manyowa mbewu kumapeto kwa chirimwe mutatha maluwa ndi potaziyamu ndi superphosphate.

Kenako, 200 g yankho amachepetsa mu 10 l amadzimadzi ndikuthirira gladioli.

Mu Ogasiti-Seputembala, potaziyamu sulfate kapena kalimagnesia ndichinthu chodziwika bwino chazomera.

Momwe mungadyetse

Zithandizo za anthu amchaka podyetsa

Wamaluwa amagwiritsa ntchito njira wowerengeka kudyetsa gladioli.

Phulusa

Kugwiritsa ntchito phulusa kumapereka maluwa ochuluka komanso kuchuluka kwa dothi ndi phosphorous ndi potaziyamu.

Banana peel

Yoyenera isanachitike. Zikopa za zipatso zimayikidwa mu uvuni ndikudulidwa. Asanabzala, anyezi amawonjezedwa pansi.

Tincture wa peel ya nthochi pamadzi imagwiritsidwa ntchito musanayambe maluwa komanso pa siteji ya maluwa. Zipangizo zatsopano zimathiridwa ndi madzi ndikuumirira masiku 7. Vutoli ndi kuchuluka kwakudya, muyenera kusuta zikopa kwa nthawi yayitali.

Nettle

Chomera chimasiyanitsidwa ndi zomwe zimakhala ndi nayitrogeni, chitsulo, potaziyamu komanso mavitamini ochepera m'mimba. Kuti akonze kulowetsedwa, udzu umadzazidwa ndi mbale yayikulu ya 1/3 ya voliyumu. Thirani madzi, kusiya kupsa. Kuumirira njira kumatenga sabata, kenako ndikuwothira ndi madzi muyezo wa 1:10. Galasi lamadzi ndikokwanira kuthira maluwa 1.

Mankhwala kulowetsedwa kwa gladioli

Momwe mungaphikire ndi manja anuanu

Ngati mukukonzekera kudzikhweza nokha, onetsetsani izi:

1. Kuti masamba apangidwe ndi kuchuluka kwa maluwa kuti achulukane, ndikofunikira kudyetsa mbewu: 15 g ya urea ndi potaziyamu sulfate, 30 g ya superphosphate imatengedwa pa 10 malita a madzi. Zigawozo zimaphatikizidwa mosamala ndimadzimadzi, ndikuwathandizira ndi njira yothandizira kutalikirana.
2. Mavalidwe ovuta omwe amasunga kufufuza zinthu ndi oyenera maluwa. Asanakhale maluwa, gladioli amadyetsedwa ndi potaziyamu sulfate (20-25 g.) Ndi superphosphate (25-30 g.). Zosakaniza ndi zosakanikirana ndikuyambitsa mu ndowa 10 yamadzi.
3. Nkhani yachilengedwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthira feteleza: mullein, zitosi za mbalame, manyowa akavalo. Kusakaniza kumatsanulidwa ndi malita 10 amadzi ndikusiyidwa kwa masiku 4-5 kulowetsedwa.
4. Lita imodzi ya mullein imawonjezeredwa ndi 10 malita a madzi ndipo bedi lamaluwa limathiridwa pakati pa mizere.

Kuti mupeze zokongoletsera, kuvala bwino kwambiri kwa gladioli kumafunikira pakukula. Kusamalira moyenera ndi feteleza wa mbeu kudzapereka maluwa okongola chaka chamawa.