Colquitia Wosangalatsa, dzina lake pambuyo pa Pulofesa Botanist Richard Kolkwitz - mitengo yabwino kwambiri komanso mtengo wokongola. Botanists amati uku ndiye banja la honeysuckle, ndipo alimi amalota kuti abzale zozizwitsa za China izi m'munda wawo. Chigawo chapakati cha China ndipamene chilengedwechi chimakhala. Opanga malo m'mayiko ambiri otentha akugwiritsa ntchito molimbika zokongoletsa za chikhalidwechi kukongoletsa mundawo.
Kufotokozera kwa chivomerezicho
M'malo achilengedwe, kolquitia amakula mpaka atatu mamita kutalika, ndipo ku Europe kwa Russia osaposa 2 metres, amatanthauza mtundu wa zitsamba. Nthambi zimakula ndi kukula kwakukulu ndi tsitsi lopendekeka. Makungwa amitengo yakale amakhala ndi mtundu wofiirira komanso wotuluka ngati honeysuckle. Masamba obiriwira obiriwira (pambali pake - wophatikizika, kutalika kwa 3.5-8 cm) amatembenukira chikasu phulusa.
Limamasula kwambiri, chimakwirira tchire lonse ngati mpira, pinki yokhala ndi miyala isanu. Mphukira zimawoneka zokongola kwambiri komanso zimakopa chidwi. Kuchokera pamaluwa okongola oterewa, masamba ake samatha kuzindikira, ndipo philharmonic yotere imapitilirabe nyengo yonse ya chilimwe, imagwira gawo la chilimwe.
Zosiyanasiyana
Mu Mzere waku Russia, ndi mitundu iwiri yokha yomwe imadziwika:
- Rosea
- Mtambo wa Pinki
Rosea (Rosea) - wotchuka kwambiri pakati pa wamaluwa mdziko muno. Panthawi yamaluwa, maluwa amatulutsa maluwa okongola a pinki, koma maluwa akamayamba kutulutsa maluwa, amasanduka oyera. Onani zowoneka bwino mu nyimbo, ndi masamba a masamba obiriwira a emerald obiriwira. M'dzinja, masamba amapeza mtundu wowala wa lalanje. Maluwa pharynx ndi mzere wamalanje-wachikasu. Shrub imafuna chisamaliro mosamala ndi kupangidwa kwa korona.
Mtambo wa Pink-Cloud (Pink-Ckoyd) utamasuliridwa kwenikweni umamveka ngati mitambo ya pinki, ukadzala kum'mwera ndi nyengo yotentha, madera otentha amakula mpaka 1.5 metres, onse kutalika komanso m'mimba mwake. Chimodzi mwa mitundu yodziwika bwino ku Russia ndi Pink Clouds. Tchire siligwirizana ndi zonse chilala ndi chisanu. Mphukira zimapangidwa bwino, kupangika mosavuta.
Malinga ndi mawonekedwe a mitundu iliyonse, palibe kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa mbewu komwe kumawonedwa. Zosiyana kwambiri pakakulidwe kwamtundu ndi kukula kwa ma petals. Muhafu yoyambirira ya Juni, pamene zitsamba zina zonse zokongoletsera zitatha kuphuka, mbewuyi imapitiliza kununkhira komanso maluwa.
Kukula kwa quoliquitia poyera
Mukamasankha malo oti mubzale m'nthaka, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti chomerachi ndi chosanja, ngakhale mutakhala pang'ono pang'ono, chimapilira. Nthaka yachonde yokhala ndi hydration hydrate ndizomwe mumafunikira kuti mukule ndikukula. Dera lomwe tchire limamera likuyenera kutetezedwa ku mphepo yozizira. Ngakhale kuti mbewuyo imakana chisanu mpaka -30 ° C, kukazizira kwambiri nyengo, mphukira zazing'ono zimawonongeka pang'ono.
Kutchera pamalo otseguka kumachitika mu kasupe m'nthaka yotenthetsedwa bwino, pamene kuwopseza kobwerera kuzizira kumadutsa. Ngati tsamba limapezekanso m'madzi kwa nthawi yayitali, ndiye kuti silikugwirizana ndi mbewuyi.
Ndikwabwino kukonzanso dzenje pasadakhale masiku 14 osanatsikike panthaka, dothi lomwe limakhalamo likhala lokhazikika. Dzenje liyenera kukhala losachepera 40cm komanso 50 mpaka 60 cm.sakanizo wa dothi amakonzedwa motere: mchenga, turf, humus, molingana (1: 2: 2). Kusakaniza kosakanikirana bwino kumadzaza mu dzenjemo ndipo pakatha masiku 14, 80-130 g wa feteleza wosavuta kapena theka la ndowa ya phulusa amawonjezeranso nthaka ndikufesa mmera.
Pazaka, chitsamba, ndikofunikira kuti panali mwana wazaka 1 kapena wazaka ziwiri kuti apulumuke. Madzi ambiri mutabzala ndikuphimba ndi mulch, makamaka ku coconut.
Koyamba chitsamba chimatha kuphuka kale mchaka chachiwiri mutabzala poyera.
Kusamalira Munda
Kukula kopambana ndi maluwa zimadalira chisamaliro choyenera. Ndikofunika nthawi zonse kusunga chinyontho m'nthaka mozungulira-tsinde, ndi madzi okha ndi madzi ofunda.
Kuti kukula bwino ndikukula, ndikofunikira kudyetsa mbewu. Izi zitha kukhala manyowa atsopano mu gawo la 1: 10, ndipo kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe amawonjezera kwambiri superphosphate 30-50 g pa 10 malita a madzi pachitsamba chilichonse.
Maluwa atatha, quolvcii imaleka kumeza kuti kukula kwa mphukira zatsopano sikuyamba, chifukwa sadzakhala ndi nthawi yakucha. Kupanga kudulira kumachitika pakadali pano. Kuchepetsa tchire ndikofunikira pambuyo pakupsa komaliza kwa zipatso, pomwe achinyamata onse amachotsedwa.
Kumayambiriro koyambira, amapanga tsitsi lodula, kudula nthambi zonse ndi zitsamba zowonongeka ndi chisanu ndi tizirombo. Ngati pakufunika kusamutsa tchire kumalo ena, ndiye kuti kupulumuka kudzakhala kokwanira kwambiri panthawiyi. Mu nthawi yophukira, pokonzekera tchire nthawi yachisanu, amalira bwino ndikuphimba makoswe ndi nthambi za pine spruce.
Kuswana
Chomera chimafalitsidwa motere:
- Njira yopanga (mbewu);
- Njira yamasamba (kuyika, kudula, kugawa chitsamba).
Njira yopanga
Njirayi imakhala ya nthawi yayitali ndipo sikuti nthawi zonse zinthu zimamuyendera bwino. Kumera kwa mbeu ndikosakhala bwino, chipolopolo cholimba chotetemera cholimba chimaletsa izi. Pofuna kuiwononga mosamala ndi mchenga kapena kusungidwa kwa mphindi zingapo mu sulfuric acid. Kuchulukitsa kumera, kuyenera kumakhazikitsidwa mu firiji pakashelefu pomwe masamba amasungidwa kwa miyezi itatu. Pambuyo pa nthawi iyi, mu Epulo, zimabzalidwa kwinakwake mumbale zazitali ndi gawo lapansi labwino: peat, mchenga, sod, humus. Mbewu sizabwino kwambiri ndipo zokhazikika munthaka sizikulimbikitsidwa. Kutentha + 20 ... 22 ° C ndi bwino kumera. Muphika wa kolqvitsiya, wothirira madzi ambiri, wokutidwa ndi kanema, ndikuwotha kutentha. M'nyumba, imakula mpaka nthawi yamasika.
Kufalitsa mwa kuyala
Njira yodalirika komanso yodalirika. Atasankha mphukira yomwe akufuna, imakungika m'mtengo wokumbamo, kakang'ono kamapangika, kokhala ndi Kornevin kuti akalimbikitse mizu ndikuwazidwa. Pambuyo pozika mizu, amazika mu maenje okonzeka kumapeto kwa kasupe.
Kudula
Zofalikira onse mu kasupe ndi yophukira. Kuphukira kowona kuli bwino. Zidutswa zosankhidwa zimadulidwa ndikukulungidwa mu filimu, kenako ndikutsukidwa muzipinda zapansi mpaka masika, kapena zimakutidwa ndi Kornevin ndikuzibzala mu wowonjezera kutentha kapena m'miphika yopukutira mkati. Pakatha zaka ziwiri, zibzalidwe pamalo otseguka. Zidutswa zokutidwa ndi thumba la pulasitiki zimatha kusungidwanso mufiriji pa alumali wamasamba mpaka zimere.
Kugawanitsa
Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito njira yofalitsira monga kugawa chitsamba ngati mutathilira mbande yonse. Chitsamba chimachotsedwa pansi ndikuwunika, ndikuchotsa mizu yowola, kenako ndikugawika m'magawo, ndikuganiza kuti aliyense ali ndi mizu yamphamvu komanso tsinde lomwe limakula. Malo omwe amachepetsa amayenera kuphimbidwa ndi makala kuti muchepetse michere ndi kuwola kwa mizu. Mabafa okonzedwa amabzalidwa m'maenje kapena m'maenje.
Zaka zoyambirira mutabzala, akadali achichepere ndipo nthambi zake sizacha kucha, makungwa amatha kuwonongeka ndi chisanu, ayenera kuphimbidwa nthawi yachisanu ndi spanbond, lutrasil.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Colquitia sugwirizana ndi kuukira kwa tizirombo tina tambiri. Koma nyengo yotentha ikhoza kuukiridwa.
Ma aphidole a Honeysuckle amatha kuvulaza mbewu, masamba achichepere ndi mphukira youma, nkugwa. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ngati tapezeka, timawonongeka nthawi yomweyo ndi mankhwala monga: Aktara, Actelik, Fufanon. Kumwaza kuwaza kumayenera kuchitika kawiri, katatu ndi kuphatikizika kwa masiku 7. Popeza kuti tizilombo tofa nato timafa nthawi yoyamba chithandizo, ndipo mazira amakhalabe olimba, omwe amadzawawonongera.
Osangokhala nsabwe za m'masamba zokha, komanso mbozi ya chala, yomwe imatafuna zipatsozo, komanso tsamba laudzu, zitha kuvulaza mawonekedwe a mbewuyo.
Ngati kuchuluka kwa tizirombo tating'onoting'ono, amatengedwa ndi dzanja, ndipo kuwonongeka kwakukulu, mutha kuwaza ndi Biotkin, Gerold kapena mankhwala ena alionse othandiza. Kuwonongeka kwakukulu kumatha chifukwa cha nkhanambo, komwe kumatha kuwononga chitsamba kwathunthu.
Ma virus ndi bowa atha kuvulaza colquitia, ngati nthenda ya bakiteriya, ndiye kuti mbewu yotere singathe kuthandizidwa. Amakuumba ndikuwotcha.
Ngati awa ndi fungus tating'ono tating'ono tomwe timayambitsa masamba, ndikuwoneka mu mawonekedwe amtundu wina, ndipo amawonekera kuchokera kunthambi, ndiye kuti matenda otere amathandizidwa, - chlorosis. Kukonzekera Fosporin, sulfate yamkuwa imatha kuthana ndi vuto lotere.
Mr. wokhala chilimwe azidziwitse; Zomwe zimabzala Kolkvitsia ku Moscow Region
Mbewu za Kolkvitsi zimakulanso nyengo yotentha ya m'chigawo cha Moscow. Inde, nthaka imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri popanga chitsamba. Nthaka yotseka, yopatsa thanzi ndiye chinsinsi cha chipambano cha kukula kwachangu ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa miyendo. Munthawi yadzuwa, dothi limasungunuka, ndikusunga chinyezi, dothi loyanika limayikidwa, ndibwino ngati itakhala peat ndi kompositi, ndi makungwa a pine pamwamba.
Mukathirira, mtengo wamakungwa umadzaza ndi chinyezi, ndipo ngati nthawi yadzuwa siyingavomereze kuti mizu yake imere. M'matawuni, tchire limatetezedwa ku chisanu chambiri, kuti nyengo yozizira, yopanda chipale chofewa mbewuyi itaphimbidwa bwino, imakhudzira mbande zazing'ono. Ndikofunikira kuphimba korona, komanso mizu, ndizofunikira kwambiri nyengo yachisanu yopanda chipale.
Ma colquitia okondeka ndi osangalatsa chifukwa cha kukongola kwake kwa mtambo wa pinki. Ndi chisamaliro choyenera, patatha zaka 6-7, mtengo wokongola ndi wowotcha udzakhazikika, wokhala ndi nthambi zotumphuka ngati mpira.
Mudabzala chitsamba chokongola ichi munyumba, ku nyumbayo mutha kudalira maluwa ake onunkhira bwino komanso maluwa onunkhira bwino a malimwe.
