Kukula ndi kuberekanso nkhuku si ntchito yosavuta, koma ndi yopindulitsa kwambiri.
Komanso, pokhala ndi kamodzi kokha mutagula nkhuku pamsika, simudzasowa ndalama kuti mupeze nkhuku yatsopano.
Pambuyo pa zonse, chifukwa chake vuto lalikulu, ngati nkhuku zambiri zakhala zikukulirakulira bwino ndikusamalira ana awo.
Nkhaniyi ili m'munsiyi idzadzipereka kwathunthu ku maonekedwe a mazira kapena, mwa kuyankhula kwina, makulitsidwe awo.
Tidzakambirana mwatsatanetsatane za momwe, ndi nthawi yochuluka bwanji yokuyika mazira pansi pa nkhuku kuti mupeze mbalame zabwino zokongola.
Mmene mungadziwire mbalame yomwe yatsala pang'ono kumwaza mazira: zizindikiro zazikulu za nkhuku
Kugwiritsira ntchito nkhuku kuti iphwanyike mazira imakhala ndi ubwino wambiri pachitetezo chodziwika bwino.
Inde, mothandizidwa ndi chipangizo ichi mudzatha kupeza chiwerengero chachikulu cha achinyamata mu nthawi yochepa chabe, koma funso limodzi limakhala losavuta: momwe angawasunge komanso momwe angawasamalire?
Kwa munthu, kusamalira nkhuku zazing'ono kapena turkey ndi bizinesi yovuta kwambiri, pamene nkhuku imatha kuthana ndi izi mwachidule komanso mokondwera.
Mwa mitundu ya nkhuku, atsekwe, turkeys, ndi mitundu ina ya nkhuku zomwe zimapezeka kwambiri m'minda yoweta, chidziwitso cha mazira oyamwitsa amawonetseredwa ndi akazi ambiri.
Vuto la nkhuku limapezeka kokha pamene mbalame zimasungidwa m'minda yayikulu ndi minda ya nkhuku, kumene kulibe malo oyenda.
Kuti mumvetse kuti mbalame yakonzeka kuzungulira, mungathe mwachindunji ndi khalidwe lake:
- Nkhuku yomwe ili ndi chibadwa choyamba imayamba kubuula modabwitsa.
- Zitha kukhala motalika kwambiri m'chisa, zomwe ziyenera kuyendetsedwa kuti zinyamule mazira.
- Kunja, izo zingakhale pang'ono scruffy, pamene izo zimayamba kukoka nthenga kunja kwachokha kuti zikhale zisa.
- Kukula kwa chisa ndi mphete zachepetsedwa.
- Dzira lagona pa nkhuku za nkhuku zam'tsogolo zimasiya kwathunthu.
Pambuyo pozindikira kuti fly pakati pa ziweto zanu, musamafulumire ndipo muzitsamba nthawi yomweyo. Pambuyo pake, amafunikira mbalame ndi khalidwe labwinokotero kuti pa theka la nthawi yoikika sanasiye chisa. Choncho, m'poyenera kuyang'anitsitsa momwe "zolinga" zake ziliri: Kwa masiku 2-3 amaika mazira a nkhuku pansi pa nkhuku.
Ngati, pambuyo pa masiku awiri, iye achoka pa chisa ndipo amasiya kugwedeza, sipadzakhalanso nkhuku kuchokera pamenepo. Ngati mutakhala kumalo akale ndipo simunayimire - mungathe kuika mazira osakaniza pansi mosamala pansi pake.
Bwanji ngati nkhuku zonse, palibe yemwe akuwonetsa chilakolako chokhadzula mazira?
Izi, makamaka, zimachitika nthawi zambiri. Koma simuyenera kukwiya. N'zotheka kukhazikitsa chidziwitso cha makulitsidwe. Kuti muchite izi, sankhani malo odyetserako bwino (pambuyo pake, panthawi yopuma nthawiyo mbalame imataya chimodzi mwa magawo asanu ndi limodzi mwazolemera) ndipo imakhala yosangalatsa kwambiri.
Iyenera kugwidwa ndipo, moona, imakhala mokakamizika pa mazira onyenga, kuphimba pamwamba ndi dengu. Ngati sichiuluka pa chisa, mutatha masiku angapo mumakweza dengu, ndiye kuti mukhoza kuika mazira enieni pansi pake.
Koma musaiwale za mfundo izi:
- Kutenga nkhuku kumatenga mbalame zathanzi zokha. Ngakhale nthata kapena tizilombo tina tomwe timapezeka pa thupi la nkhuku, ziyenera kuchitidwa, kupereka mabotolo ndi golidi ndi zokonzekera.
- Musanayambe kukakamizidwa, muyenera kuyesetsa kudyetsa nkhuku momwe mungathere.
- Ndi bwino kudzala mbalame m'mazira madzulo, kapena usiku, kuti musayambitse nkhawa.
Ngati muli ndi anapiye ambiri, ndiye kuti muteteze njoka ngati mbalame, muyenera kuigwedeza mumadzi ndikuyikamo m'chipinda chozizira komanso chakuda. Muzimasula kawiri pa tsiku kuti mudye. Pambuyo pobwereza njirayi kangapo mzere, nkhuku nthawi zambiri imasiya kulira.
Zimakhalanso zosangalatsa kuphunzira za kumanga nyumba ndi manja anu.
Makhalidwe ndi zofuna za mazira ophimbidwa
N'zosatheka kuyika mazira omwe alipo pansi pa nkhuku, chifukwa sangathe kubereka. Ndiponso Sungagwiritse ntchito mazira omwe amasungidwa m'firiji, kapena anasintha madontho ena otentha.
Kawirikawiri, samverani:
- Mu gulu la nkhuku munali chiŵerengero cholondola cha mazira ndi akazi. Mwachitsanzo, kwa mitundu ya nyama ya dzira, tambala imodzi ndi yokwanira gulu la nkhuku pakati pa anthu 10-12.
- Mazira amatengedwa kuchokera ku nkhuku yathanzi, yomwe yayamba kale kufika msinkhu (mu mbalame izi, nthawi iyi imayamba pa miyezi 7).
- Kwa makulitsidwe, mazira atsopano ankagwiritsidwa ntchito, omwe anawonongedwa ndi nkhuku pasanathe masiku 6 apitawo.
- Mazira asanayambe kusindikizidwa ankasungidwa pa kutentha kwa 15-20ºє, pa chinyezi cha 75%.
- Osagwiritsidwa ntchito mazira ophwanyika komanso osweka.
- Mazira apakatikati adayikidwa pansi pa nkhuku, popeza mazira ang'onoang'ono amapezeka m'zinyumba zing'onozing'ono, ndi zazikulu za yolks m'zinthu zazikulu.
- Mazirawo anafufuzidwa kupyolera mu ovoscope chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa zosiyanasiyana inclusions.
Kuphika chisa cha nkhuku
Chisacho chiyenera kukonzekera pasadakhale. Muyeso ziyenera kukhala choncho kuti mazira ndi nkhuku zizikhala bwino bwino komanso kuti mazira asatulukemo.
Makamaka - masentimita 55 mpaka 35.
Mmene chisacho chiyenera kukhala chofanana ndi mbale, ndi nkhuni pamunsi ndi udzu umene umatsanulira pamwamba.
Ndibwino kuti nkhuku izi zikhale choncho kuti athe kuchoka mwatchire pamene akufuna kudya kapena kumwa.
Zisamba zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kwa zaka zambiri mzere, nthawi zonse kuziwuma zisanagwiritsidwe.
Kodi malo abwino kwambiri chodzala mbalame pa mazira ndi iti?
Malo a chisa cha nkhuku ayenera kukhala ali chete ndipo makamaka, kutali ndi malo ena. Nkhuku iyenera kuyika mwaulere, kumverera kukhala wodekha ndi wotetezeka.
Chitetezo chiyenera kuperekedwa makamaka ngati makoswe amalowa m'nyumba mwanu. Zikatero nkhuku za nkhuku nthawi zambiri zimaimitsidwa, kapena osayikidwa pansi, koma pamapangidwe apadera.
Ngati pali nkhuku zambiri, ndiye bwino kuti musabzale m'chipinda chimodzi. Kuyandikirana kwapafupi koteroko kungayambitse mikangano yoopsa kwa zisa ndi mazira. Choncho, perekani mtunda pakati pawo, ndi zofunika kuti ngakhale nkhuku sizikumvana.
Mungathe kuziphimba ndi dengu lopanda njuchi, motero mumachepetsa nkhuku.
Timakambirana za zipsyinjo zabwino kwambiri: ndi zofunikira ziti kuti musankhe?
Nchito zabwino kwambiri za nkhuku zimaphatikizapo nkhuku zomwe zimayimira nyama ndi mazira. Komanso zabwino kwambiri chidziwitso cha makulitsidwe chimadziwonetsera mu nkhuku zopangidwaomwe nthawi zambiri amakhala m'midzi.
Nkhuku zotsirizazi zimakhala ndi mulu wambiri woti zikhale ndi makulitsidwe, popanda kuwononga kwambiri panthawiyi. Komanso, amapanga "amayi" opanda pake omwe angathe kusamalira ana awo.
Ambiri amalangizanso kusankha akasamalidwe molingana ndi mzere wao wa chibadwa, ndiko kuti, kuwasankha malinga ndi makhalidwe a mayi. Ngati "mayi" wokhotakhota amakoka nkhuku, ndiye kuchokera kwa ana ake amapezekapo nkhuku zowonongeka kwambiri.
Zikudziwika kuti nkhuku zotere zimatha kuthyola mazira a mtundu uliwonse. Kwa kuberekanso nkhuku nthawi zambiri amagwiritsira ntchito zigoba. Ubwino wawo ndi wakuti amatha kukhala mwa mazira, kuphatikizapo, mochuluka kwambiri kuposa nkhuku yokha.
Komabe, palibe chifukwa choyenera kutengedwera nkhuku zomwe zidalumikizidwa ndi zotengera. Ngakhalenso pakati pa 30 nkhuku zoterozo zimayamba kuchepa kumapeto, izi zidzakhala zovuta kwambiri.
Nkhuku zomwe zimakhala ndi mtundu wa dzira ndizoipa pochita makulitsidwe. Makamaka, ndi bwino kuika mazira a Legorn kapena nkhuku zaku Russia zomwe zimakhala pansi pa nkhuku za mitundu ina.
Ndi liti nthawi yabwino kuti mubzala nkhuku pa mazira?
Makhalidwe opangidwira nthawi zambiri amawonetseredwa ku mbalame zonse za nyengo yathu ya nyengo yomwe ili masika. Izi ziri zomveka, chifukwa kukula kwachinyamata komwe kunapezeka mu nthawi ya masika kumakhala ndi nthawi yokula bwino nthawi yachisanu ya chaka ndikukula mwamphamvu ndi autumn ndi yozizira.
Makamaka, kwa kanthaŵi kochepa kake, iwo amalowetsedwa ndi mvula yambiri, yomwe imateteza mbalame ku chisanu chozizira.
Koma m'chakachi muyenera kulingalira nthawi yake bwino, chifukwa mungathe kubzala nkhuku mofulumira. Pachifukwa ichi, padzakhala ngozi yaikulu ya imfa yopanda mphamvu, chifukwa nthawi yamasika imakhalanso yozizira nthawi yaitali.
Ndibwino kuti nkhuku inakhala pa mazira pakati pa theka la mwezi wa April, ndiye nkhuku zidzawonekera poyambira pa May. Ngakhale, kutanthauzira kwanthawi koteroku kumachitika zambiri, choncho muyenera kuganizira za nyengo zomwe mumakhala.
Kutalika kwa mazira a mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nkhuku
Nthawi yomwe nkhuku zimapangidwira mazira ndizochepa kwambiri, poyerekeza ndi nkhuku zina zomwe zimafala. Kotero, nkhuku, nthawiyi nthawi zambiri sichitha masiku 20-21. Koma abakha ndi a turkeys anyamata amaoneka pa 27-28 tsiku kuchokera pamene mbalameyo idakhala pa chisa ndi mazira.
Atsekwe ndiwoatali kwambiri pa chisa - kuyambira masiku 28 mpaka 30. Pa nthawi yomweyi, ngakhale tsiku limodzi lisanathe masiku otsekemera, mazira amayamba kukumba. Pa nthawiyi, dzira ndi nkhuku yambiri, yomwe imagwira mkati mwa chipolopolocho, kuyesera kutulukira.
Ndikofunika kwambiri kuti tisalowerere mu njirayi popanda chosowa. Chowonadi ndi chakuti pa nthawi ino nkhuku imakhala yovuta kwambiri, choncho, ndibwino kuti musamusokoneze kachiwiri. Ngati pamapeto pake padzakhala mazira 1-2 omwe nkhuku sizidzatha, ndiye kuti mukhoza kuwathandiza.
Ndi mazira angati omwe ndimayika pansi pa nkhuku imodzi ndipo chiwerengero ichi chimadalira chiyani?
Chiwerengerochi chidzadalira kwambiri kukula kwake nkhuku yomwe ili nayo. Ngati nkhuku ndi yaikulu kwambiri, ndiye kuti idzaphimba mazira ambiri ndi thupi lake. Pafupifupi, mazira 13 mpaka 15 amaikidwa pa nkhuku. Mukamayambitsa mazira akuluakulu a nkhuku zina, chiwerengero chawo chiyenera kuchepetsedwa. Taganizirani izi:
- Chiwerengero cha mazira chiyenera kutero kuti chikhale choyenera pansi pa nkhuku. Ngati muwona mazira kapena mazira awiriwa sangakwanitse kubisa nkhuku, ndibwino kuti muziwatenga mpaka atasokonezeka.
- Mazira omwe ali pansi pa nkhuku ayenera kumakhala m'modzi umodzi.
- Musati muwonjezere mazira ku chisa pa nthawi ya makulitsidwe. Chowonadi ndi chakuti nkhuku zoyamba zitangoyamba, nkhuku zidzasiya chisa, ndipo mazirawa adzangosamutsidwa pachabe.
Kusamalira mbalame ndi chisa chake pamene ikukuta mazira
Chinthu choyamba chomwe muyenera kusamalira pamene mukuyika mazira a nkhuku ndikudyetsa. Nkhuku zina zingakhale zouma kwambiri moti zimakana kuchoka chisa nthawi yonse yopuma. Choncho, ziyenera kukhala zozungulira makamaka kuti idye, kapena ikani chakudya ndi madzi kutsogolo kwa chisa cha mbalameyi.
Komabe, ndi madzi muyenera kusamala kwambiri ndipo onetsetsani kuti mbalame zisagwedeze chombocho ndi kusasunthira chisa chawo. Ngakhale ndikofunikira kuti mbalame yam'madzi pafupi ndi chisa iike chotengera ndi madzi omwe angathe kusambira pang'ono.
Zakudya zimakhalanso ndi zofunikira zake: siziyenera kukhala zowonongeka, chifukwa mu mawonekedwe ameneŵa zingayambitse matenda a m'mimba mu nkhuku.
Masiku awiri oyambirira mbalameyo siidzatha kuchoka ku mazira, choncho iyenera kuchotsedwa ku chisa ndi kubweretsamo ku chakudya ndi oledzera. Nthawi zina, nkhuku ikhoza kupitirira kuyenda, choncho imafunika kukonzanso mazira.
M'tsogolomu, zimaonedwa ngati zachilendo ngati mbalame ikukwera kuchokera ku chisa nthawi 2-8 kuti idye, ikasiya mazira kwa mphindi 10-15.
Ngakhale kulibe nkhuku pachilumba, mukhoza kuyang'ana mazira ndi chisa, konzani zinyalala, m'malo mwake mukhale ndi youma (ngati mukusowa).
Kwambiri Ndikofunika kufufuza mazira pa nthawikuti adziwe ngati palibenso chosavomerezeka pakati pawo chomwe chidzakhala chowala. Ngati udapatsidwa umuna, ndiye kuti nthawi yomweyi udzawona mluza mkati mwake mwa mawonekedwe a mdima komanso zizindikiro za mtsogolo.
Komanso, zimachitika kuti chitukuko cha mluza chimakhalapo chifukwa chimodzi. Pankhaniyi, mkati mwa dzira, mudzawona mphete ya magazi kapena gyra imodzi.
Apanso, nkoyenera kufufuza mazira akuthawa, nkhuku ndi tsiku la 19, m'makhaka ndi turkeys - tsiku la 26, komanso atsekwe - tsiku la 27-28. Ndikofunika kuchotsa pachilakolako mazira omwe ali ndi mazira omwe adzawonedwe ngati mdima wopanda mitsempha.
Mfundo ina yofunikira pa chisamaliro cha nkhuku ndi kufufuza mkhalidwe wake. Kusasunthika pang'ono ndi kusakhala ndi mwayi wokhala ndi madothi osambira, komanso kusamba kwa phulusa, nkhuku ikhoza kupeza zinyama zambiri. Ngati n'kotheka, m'pofunika kuwona ndikuletsa kufalikira kwawo.
Mbali za mawonekedwe a achinyamata
Monga tanena kale, nkhuku zikuyamba kuyenda m'dziko lonse lapansi masiku 19-21. Amachoka mu dzira, amanyowa, koma atakhala pansi pa nkhuku kwa maola angapo amauma bwinobwino.
Koma kale zouma, zimalimbikitsidwa kuzichotsa ku nkhuku kwa kanthawi ndikuziika mubokosi ndi nsalu yofewa, yomwe ilipo kale, pansi. Pa nthawi yomweyi, ayenera kusungidwa kutentha kwapakati pa 26 mpaka 28ºС.
Mlingo wotere umatengedwera kuti nkhuku ikhale pa mazira otsalawo. Pambuyo pake, nkhuku ili ndi mbali yotereyi - kuchoka chisa mwamsanga pambuyo pa kubadwa kwa anapiye angapo. Ndizotheka kuthamanga nkhuku zonse pansi pa nkhuku pokhapokha atatuluka nkhuku kuchokera ku dzira lomaliza lomwe lili pansi pake.
Mbali yofunikira yomwe kwa nkhuku imodzi mukhoza kukhala pansi ndi nkhuku zina, makamaka, atayikidwa ndi chofungatira.
Ngati muwasiye pafupi ndi nkhuku pamodzi ndi ana awo, ndipo muzichita madzulo mukamadyetsa, samvetsa chilichonse. Komabe, kudyetsa nkhuku sikoyenera, chifukwa nkhuku imodzi ndi yomwe imatha kuyendetsa anthu 25.
Poyang'anira nkhuku zotopa ndi ana awo, zotsatirazi ndi zofunika:
- Nkhuku iyenera kudyetsedwa bwino, osadalira chakudya chochuluka, koma phindu lake la mbalame. Ndikofunika kwambiri kuphatikiza tirigu ndi masamba mu nkhuku.
- Kudyetsa nkhuku kumayamba ndi dzira lophwanyidwa, lomwe zakudya zamkaka wowawasa, pang'onopang'ono zimapatsidwa tirigu wophika, pambuyo pake zitha kukhala zotheka kusinthana ndi mapira.
- Ndikofunika kuti nkhuku ndi achinyamata adwe madzi ambiri abwino komanso abwino, omwe ndi oyamba patsogolo. Ganizirani kuti nkhuku yaikulu ndi nkhuku zing'onozing'ono zimasowa oledzera osiyana.
- Ndikofunika kumasula achinyamata nthawi zonse, koma payenera kukhala malo pakhomo komwe nkhuku ikhoza kubisala ndi achinyamata ku nyengo. Ndiyeneranso kutenga njira zoteteza mbalame kuzilombo.
