Zolemba - Imodzi mwa maluwa wamba pakati pa wamaluwa wamakono. Kukula munda wamaluwa si ntchito yovuta, koma kuti mukwaniritse maluwa okongola kwambiri, chidziwitso china chikufunikanso.
Mukudziwa? Kale la Greece, maluwawa amatchedwa "maluwa a Zeus".
Zomwe zimafunika kukula m'munda
Carnation ili ndi fungo losangalatsa komanso mitundu yosiyanasiyana yodabwitsa. Chifukwa cha ichi, kuphulika kumatenga malo achiwiri pakudziwika pambuyo pa maluwa.
Zofunikira za Kuunikira
Pali mitundu yokwana 400 ya mabala, ndipo onse amatumikira dzuwa ndi dzuwa. Kuunikira mafakitale kumathandizanso kukula kwa maluwa. Chifukwa cha kuwala kwabwino, khunyu imayamba kuthamanga mofulumira.
Kunyumba, chifukwa cha kusintha kwa nthawi ya kuwala kwa clove, n'zotheka kulamulira ubwino ndi nthawi ya maluwa, yomwe ili yofunikira makamaka kumapeto kwa autumn, nyengo yozizira ndi kumayambiriro kwa masika.
M'nyengo yozizira, mabala amamera kwambiri. Pofuna kusintha maluwa, muyenera kuwonjezera kuwala kwa maola 14 pa tsiku. Pogwiritsa ntchito mtundu wa kuunikira ndi kutalika kwa masana, mukhoza kusintha kusintha kwa maluwa a maluwa ndi kukula kwake konse.
Zofunikira zolemba nthaka
Mofanana ndi maluwa onse, ntchentche zimakonda nthaka yopanda ndale komanso yabwino. Maluwawo amamera bwino pamtunda wowala, wokonzedwa bwino ndi nthaka.
Izi zimaphatikizapo mikate yopanda mchere, yosasunthika komanso yachonde. Ngati dera lakumidzi lanu ndilo "lowawa", ndiye kuti lidzasungunuka ndi ufa wa dolomite, izi zidzabweretsa magnesium ndikupangitsani kukula kwa nthaka.
Ndikofunikira! Zolemba sizomwe zili zoyenera.
Kusamalira zamasamba a m'munda
Ngakhale kuti carnation ndi mbewu yosadzichepetsa, pamakhalabe mithunzi yokhudza kulima kwake:
- duwa likusowa nthaka yosalala ndi kuthirira nthawi zonse;
- Mukamadyetsa maluwa nthawi zambiri, zimakula bwino;
- kuchotsani ma inflorescences a maluwa, izi zidzatalikitsa nthawi ya clove ikufalikira;
- m'nyengo yozizira, ndibwino kuti muzitha kuziika muzipinda ndikuzibweretsa m'nyumba.
Lembani pamwamba: kodi mukulifuna?
Kuphimba cloves kumalimbikitsa chitukuko chabwino ndipo kumalimbikitsa maluwa ochulukirapo. Kuphwanyaphwanyidwa khunyu panthawi ya kukula kwa zimayambira, mumathandizira kupanga mapangidwe ambiri.
Ndikofunika kutsitsa maluwa ngati akukula kuti adule. Njirayi imakulolani kuti mupange maluwa ambiri, ndipo mothandizidwa ndi kukanikiza mungathe kuwonetsa kutalika kwa mbeu.
Pambuyo maluwawo amakula mpaka masentimita 16 ndipo ali ndi nthiti zisanu ndi zitatu zotupa masamba pamtengo, muyenera kuzungulira pamwamba pa tsinde pamwamba pa tsamba lachisanu ndi chimodzi la tsamba.
Mukudziwa? Nsalu ya leaf ndiyo gawo lophatikizidwa la tsinde limene masamba amawonekera.
Pambuyo poyambani, mudzawona kuoneka kwa mphukira yowonjezera. Mukhoza kubwereza ndondomekoyi pambuyo pa mphukira kufika 12 cm m'litali. Pambuyo popachika chomera, chiyenera kuthandizidwa bwino ndi chingwe komanso chithandizo chofunikira.
Zingaganize kuti kupaka pinching ndi njira yothandiza, koma iyenera kuyimitsidwa pokhapokha atangoyamba mapepala. Kumbukirani kuti kukanikiza mwamphamvu kungachedwetse maluwa. Kuti mukhale ndi nyengo ya maluwa, sanizani theka la mbaliyo kuti muwombere, kotero mutha kupeza mafunde awiri.
Kusamalira dothi
Kusamalidwa kwapamwamba kwambiri kwa khunyu sikungatheke popanda kusamalira nthaka. Ndikofunika kuthirira nthaka nthawi zambiri, koma osati mochulukirapo, kenako iyenera kumasulidwa. Monga ndi maluwa ambiri, dothi la cloves liyenera kukhala ndi umuna ndi mchere komanso organic feteleza.
Onjezerani ku feteleza za nthaka zomwe ziri ndi potaziyamu, koma onetsetsani kuti klorini sichipezeka mu feteleza. Mukakolola nthaka kusakaniza, ndiye kusakaniza peat, mchenga wa dziko ndi mtsinje. Mofanana osakaniza, kuwonjezera nitrophoska.
Ndikofunikira! Kudyetsa nthaka ndi manyowa atsopano a clove kumatsutsana.
Garter zomera
Ngati mapepala anu ataliatali, amachoka pamtunda wa 30 cm, amafunika kumangirizidwa ku chithandizo, mosasamala kanthu kuti mapulosi olemera amatha kuchoka pa tsinde. Pofuna kuthandiza zomera zapakatikati, mtengo umodzi wa masentimita 60 ndi wokwanira.
Zizindikiro siziyenera kumangirizidwa mwamphamvu kuti zithandizidwe. Ngati mugwiritsa ntchito mtengo watsopano kuti mumangirire munthu aliyense, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito mphete zamtundu kapena kumangiriza pamalo amodzi panthawi yomweyo.
Kukonza ndi kukonzekera nyengo yozizira
Pofuna kuteteza carnation ku chisanu cha chisanu, ndi mwambo kudula. Palibe chifukwa chodulira maluwa kwathunthu, komatu kungochotsa mbali ya mlengalenga yomwe yafalikira ndi kukulitsa nthaka imene duwa limakula.
Chifukwa cha ichi, chomeracho chidzasungira zakudya m'mizu, yomwe imathandiza maluwa m'nyengo yozizira. Ngati phokoso lochokera ku mapesi lilipo, liyenera kusiya, chifukwa lidzasunga chivundikiro cha chisanu.
Chomera kubzala kunyumba
Maluwa osadulidwa omwe amafalikira amafalitsidwa ndi cuttings, kugawa chitsamba kapena kukulumikiza. Njira zonsezi zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kunyumba.
Kuyika
Mitundu yokhayo yokhala ndi zowonjezera zowonjezera zomera ingathe kufalikira ndi kuika. Kuti muchite izi, patsinde la tsinde, pangani chotsitsimutsa, ikani tsinde pansi ndipo muzisungunula nthawi zonse.
Pamene mizu imapangidwa, ndiye mphukira zatsopano zimapangidwa. Pa nthawiyi, mutha kusiyanitsa chomera chatsopano ndikuchiyika kuchokera kwa amayi omwe akumwa mowa. Njira ina yokhala cuttings ndiyo kudzaza chitsamba ndi nthaka yonyowa.
Kugawa chitsamba
Mwamadziwa kale momwe maluwa am'maluwa amachitira ndi kuthandizira, tiyeni tione njira yotsatirayi. Ndi njira iyi, mitundu yochepa yokhala ndi nyamakazi ikhoza kufalitsidwa, yomwe imapangidwira mofulumira.
Mitundu yambiriyi imaphatikizapo kuphulika kwa Turkey ndi udzu. Zimalimbikitsidwa kuti zikhale zogawanitsa kumayambiriro kwa masika, monga chomera, chogawanika panthawiyi, chidzakula pachiyambi.
Pofuna kubala mapepala pogawanitsa chitsamba, muyenera kukumba chomera ndi muzu ndikuchigawanitsa. Ndikofunika kuti mizu ndi impso komanso mphukira zikuluzikulu zikhale bwino pa gawo lirilonse.
Cuttings
Tiyeni tiwone momwe tingafalitsire mabala ndi tizirombo. Ndi njira iyi mukhoza kuchulukitsa mitundu yonse ya clove. Pofuna kudula duwa, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mchenga wa perlite kapena calcined, chifukwa ma cloves angatenge matenda opatsirana mosavuta.
Nthaŵi yabwino yosonkhanitsa pamodzi ndikumapeto kwa masika ndi kuyamba kwa chilimwe. Panthawiyi, mphukira za vegetative zikhoza kale kusiyanitsa ndi mapesi a mapesi. Kuti muzuke tsinde, gwiritsani ntchito vegetative mphukira mpaka masentimita 10 ndipo muli ndi magawo anayi a masamba.
Chotsani masamba kuchokera m'munsi mwazithunzi ndikupanga mpweya wautali ndi mpeni pamodzi internode. Mitengo yowonjezera iyenera kuikidwa mu gawo lapansi ndikukumba ndi kanthani kapena filimu. 
Matenda ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, momwe tingamenyere
Ngakhale mutayang'anitsitsa nthawi zonse ndikusamalira, iwo adzalangidwabe ndi tizirombo ndi matenda. Adani oyipa kwambiri a nkhono ndi aphid, mite ndi imvi yovunda.
Pofuna kuthetseratu nthendayi moyenera, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito njira zamagetsi, koma musaiwale njira za chikhalidwe. Mwachitsanzo, podziwa momwe mungadyetse khunyu kumapeto kwa nyengo, mukhoza kuteteza ku chikoka cha tizirombo.
Kuchotsa zomera ku tizirombo zingabzalidwe pafupi ndi abale a cloves ndi calendula. Pofuna kupeŵa matenda a fungal, dulani nthaka chinyezi, sayenera kupambanitsidwa. Kuonjezerapo, muyenera kupyola mu nthaka ndikuchotsa namsongole.
Nthaŵi ndi nthawi, sintha malo oti mubzala minda yamaluwa. Kupewa matenda kungatheke mwa kuika clove masika kuti malo atsopano, izi zidzachepetsa kwambiri chiopsezo cha matenda.
Kumbukirani kuti kuyang'anitsitsa nthawi zonse ndikudziwitsidwa kwa kanthawi kovuta kumapangitsa munda wanu wamaluwa kukhala wokongola komanso wathanzi.
