Physalis: chisamaliro ndikutera mdziko komanso kunyumba

Physalis ndiye membala wamkulu kwambiri wabanja la nightshade. Mitundu yambiri imapezeka ku South ndi Central America. Dzinali limachokera ku chilankhulo chachi Greek, ndipo limamasulira ngati bubble. Izi ndichifukwa cha kapangidwe kowoneka bwino kapu yowala yam'manda osakanizidwa, ofanana ndi nyali yayitali yamtengo yopangidwa ndi pepala loipa. Kukula ndi kusamalira tchire ndi zofanana ndi tomato, zomwe ndi abale apamtima pa mbewuyi.

Kufotokozera kwa Physalis

Nthawi zambiri, mbewu yamtundu wobiriwira yomwe ili ndi chidutswa cholimba kapena chosongoka, komwe nthambi zochepa zimachokapo. Kutalika kwa tchire ndi 60-120 cm.Mizu yake ndi yokwawa kwamphamvu.

Masamba osalala ndi opyapyala, osongoka, osagwirizana, amapanga awiriawiri mumtunda wapamwamba. Kuthamanga ndi petioles lalitali. Mu mawonekedwe pafupi ndi chowulungika kapena dzira lokhazikika kwambiri. Mphepete imakhala ndi mawotchi ang'ono kapena mafunde, kumtunda kwake ndi gloss ndi matte.

Maluwa sawoneka bwino, okhala ndi masentimita atatu kutalika kuchokera ku kirimu mpaka loyera. Amapezeka pamayendedwe afupipafupi mu axel yamasamba kutalika konse kwa mphukira. Mapangidwe a masamba akhala akuchitika kuyambira kumapeto kwa kasupe ndikupita miyezi 3 yachilimwe.

Chikho cha amniotic ndi chofiyira, chofanana ndi nyali yopangidwa ndi pepala lozikika, m'mitundu ina mulifupi mwake imatalika masentimita 5-6. Mkati mwa chipangacho muli mabulosi ofiira owoneka ngati lalanje wozungulira wozungulira wokhala ndi mbewu zambiri. Kutenga kuchokera mu June mpaka Seputembala kuphatikizira.

Chitsamba chidakhala ngati chokongoletsa, komabe, pali zosankha zomwe zingadye, zomwe zimathandiza.

Mitundu ndi mitundu ya physalis

Chiwerengero cha mitundu ya physalis ndi 120-124, komabe, amatha kugawidwa m'magulu atatu:

• Zodzikongoletsera zokongoletsera sizikudya ndipo zimakhala ngati zokongoletsera zamaluwa. Zosiyanasiyana zimasiyana makamaka kutalika ndi kukula kwa magetsi.
• Bulosi wa Physalis, chitsamba chowuna pachaka chimadziyimilira palokha. Zipatsozo ndizochepa, zodalirika zimapangira mafuta, zimasunga, kuwonjezera maswiti, zouma ndikuyika m'malo mwa zoumba mukuphika.
• Mtundu wa mbewu zamasamba wotchedwa Mexico phwetekere kapena chitumbuwa cha pansi. Imakhala ndi mtundu woyambira wa masamba: chinyezi chobiriwira, chikaso chofiirira.

Gulu lina ndilaponseponse, zipatso zimagwiritsidwa ntchito zonse kuti zisungidwe ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kukonza zophikira, komanso zatsopano.

Kuti mudziwe mitundu yayikulu ya gulu lirilonse, patebulopo limasungidwa:

Kukula physalis kuchokera ku mbewu: Kubzala ndi chisamaliro

Physalis ndi yoyenera kukula ngakhale kwa oyamba kumene. Ma bus nthawi zambiri amatengedwa mu mbande, ndipo m'malo okhala ndi nyengo yotentha, mutha kubzala mbewu nthawi yomweyo. Pakatikati: onse a Epulo kapena koyambirira kwa Meyi. Mukabzala mu Okutobala, kukolola kudzakhala mu nyengo yotsatira. Alumali moyo wobzala zinthu ndi 4-5 zaka.

Mbewu zisanabzalidwe m'nthaka, ziyenera kuyesedwa kuti zimere ndi mchere wothira pang'ono. Yokhala pansi ikukana. Kenako, tengani mankhwala opopera ndi manganese akuda kapena chlorhexidine wothira m'madzi.

Achibale apamtima a physalis ndi tomato ndi tsabola. Chifukwa chake, mutha kugula dothi lamasamba awa kapena kukonza dothi losakanikirana ndi peat, humus kapena kompositi, malo okhala ndi mchenga poyerekeza 2: 1: 1: 0.5. Kuti muchepetse acidity, mutha kuwonjezera theka kapu ya phulusa kapena 2 tbsp. dolomite ufa uliwonse 5 l. Gawo laling'onolo limafunikanso kuthandizidwa kuthana ndi matenda ndi mphutsi za tizilombo. Kwa izi, chowiritsa chowirikiza ndi choyenera, momwe mumatha kugwirizira dothi osakanikirana kwa ola limodzi kapena mu uvuni pamtunda wa 200 ° C. Muthanso kugwiritsa ntchito fungicides. Izi zidzathetsa chiwopsezo cha matenda oyamba ndi bakiteriya. Pakatha maola 24, malo akukonzekera ntchito.

M'madera okhala ndi kutentha kosiyana, ma cyds okonda kutentha amakula ndi mbande. Izi zikuthandizani kuti mbeu izikhala ndi tchire osati nthawi yofesa panthaka. Bzalani bwino masiku 30-45 musanapite kumalo okhazikika. Zomwe zili ndi 500 ml iliyonse ndizoyenera kapena ngati kusankha kuyimitsidwa pa bokosi wamba, njere ziyenera kuyikidwa molingana ndi dongosolo la 6X8. M'tsogolo, chiwembu choterechi chidzachotsa kutola kowonjezereka.

Kenako, chidebe chija chimadzazidwa ndi theka la michere yokonzedwa. Zomera zimayikidwa pansi ndikufundidwa ndi dothi laling'ono pamwamba. Gawo lotsatira lidzakhala kuthirira mosamala firiji ndikupanga malo okhala filimu, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito thumba la pulasitiki. Malo oyenera kumera ndi +20 ° C. Zikamera zikamera, thermometer sayenera kugwa pansi +23 ° C. Ngati zinthu zonse zakwaniritsidwa, mbande zimatuluka mkati mwa masiku 7-8. M'malo otsika, mbande zimamera m'mwezi umodzi.

Poyamba, ndikofunikira kusungitsa chinyezi chimodzi ndikuwongolera m'chipindacho kuti muteteze mbande zazing'ono kuchokera kumatenda ndi mwendo wakuda. Komabe, ziyenera kudziwidwa kuti chomera chimazindikira molakwika. Ndikakhala ndi nthawi yochepa masana, mbande zimafunika kuwonetsedwa ndi phytolamp ya LED, kuphatikiza nayo madzulo kwa maola 3-4. Ndikofunikira kuthirira dontho ndikumachita tsiku ndi tsiku.

Pokhapokha pakukula kapena, m'malo mwake, kukoka tchire kwambiri mwachangu, ndikofunikira kuphatikiza, gwiritsani ntchito zitosi za nkhuku zowonjezera mu chiyerekezo cha 20: 1. Malangizo oterewa amafunika malita 5 pa 1 m2. Amadziwitsidwa ndi feteleza wovuta, yemwe angagulidwe m'masitolo apadera.

Ngati kusankha kuli kofunikira, kuyenera kuchitika pambuyo pomwe mbewuzo zimakhala ndi masamba enieni. Muyenera kusamutsa tchire ndi mtanda winawake, kuyesetsa mosamala kuti musawononge mizu, muchidebe chokhala ndi pafupifupi 10 cm.

Physalis ndi wokonzeka kusunthira kumalo osakhazikika pomwe ikula masamba 5-6.

Samalirani ma physalis mukamakula poyera

Kusamalira kumayamba ndi kusankha malo oti mubzale, kama wogona kapena bedi lamaluwa, lotetezedwa ku mphepo ndi kukongoletsa, ndikoyenera. Mabasi sakonda mthunzi wolimba; ikamatera kumtunda sichita.

Nthaka yabwino ndi yachonde komanso yosakongola, pang'ono zamchere kapena zosaloweka m'zomera zotere zimapatsa mbewu yabwino, pH - 5.0-7.0. Acidic sing'anga sakukwanira konse, izi zitha kuwongoleredwa powonjezera phulusa la nkhuni kapena laimu. Kuti muyambe kubzala, nthaka imakumbidwa, zotsalira zonse za chomera ndi udzu zichotsedwa, ndikuthira feteleza wovuta kwa mbeu zamtundu uliwonse umawonjezeredwa 1 m2 iliyonse.

Ndibwino kuti mukubzala ma viralis pambuyo pa nkhaka, beets, kabichi kapena kaloti. Osavomerezeka kwa zaka zitatu pambuyo pa biringanya, tsabola, mbatata kapena phwetekere. Kutsatira lamuloli kumachepetsa chiopsezo cha kuwonongeka kwa mabacteria m'nthaka kwa nyengo zingapo.

M'dothi lokonzedwa, pangani mizere ndikuyala mbewu, ndikuyalaika pang'onopang'ono. Mtunda pakati pa mizere sutsata masentimita 30. Akamera, ayenera kudulidwa, kusiya tchire lolimba kwambiri. Zomera zomwe zatsala mutatha kuzula muzu kwina, zimasinthasintha mwachangu, komabe, zipatso zimayamba mochedwa kuposa zomwe sizinabzalidwe.

Ngati njira yofalitsira patimayi idasankhidwa, ndiye kuti mabowo akuya 30 cm ndikuyenera kupanga dothi.Kulingalira mphamvu zamitundumitundu yamitundu yambiri, mtunda pakati pa mbewu uyenera kukhala 50-70 cm. Iyenera kuyambiridwanso pansi mpaka masamba awiri, ndipo zochulukirapo ziyenera kuyikidwa pakona. Pambuyo kukonkha ndi nthaka, kuthirira kambiri kumafunikira. M'masiku oyambira ndikofunikira kuphimba ndi filimu, ikhoza kuchotsedwa mitengo itayamba kale kukhala malo atsopano.

Pakatha masiku 14, manyowa pogwiritsa ntchito manyowa kapena ndowe, umachepetsedwa nthawi zonse. Kenako, musanapangire masamba, gwiritsani ntchito feteleza wovuta. Zotsatira zomwe zimachitika sizikupitiliza kamodzi pa masiku 7 aliwonse.

Mabasi amtali wamitundu yayitali ya physalis amafunika kuthandizira ndi magawo awo, enawo athandiza mapangidwe a tchire: kudulira mphukira zazitali kwambiri. Zidzawonjezeranso kukoma kwa zipatsozo.

Chifukwa cha mizu yolimba komanso yamphamvu, chomera sichikuopa chilala. Kuti muchepetse kuthirira ndi kumasula nthaka, muyenera kupanga mulching wosanjikiza - mutha kuthira peat.

Mitima pambuyo maluwa

Pambuyo pa maluwa, zochitika zofunika ndizophatikiza zipatso ndi mbewu, komanso kukonzekera koyenera kwa nyengo yozizira.

Kutolera mbewu

Zokolola physalis zimachotsedwa kuthengo patatha masiku 30-60 mutabzala poyera, izi zimachitika kumapeto kwa chilimwe kapena Seputembara. Zipatso zopezeka kumapeto kwenikweni kwake zimacha mwachangu; zokolola zozizira zimatha kupangidwa kuchokera kwa iwo, kudya zatsopano kapena kupeza mbewu. Kuti muchite izi, zipatso zomwe zakolola zikufunika kudulidwa m'magawo awiri ndikusungidwa kwa maola 24 m'madzi amvula, ndiye kupaka zamkati kudzera sume yabwino. Mbewu yotsalayo iyenera kutsukidwa ndikuwuma.

Zisanu

Nthambi zanyama za perennial zimasinthasintha bwino komanso zimabisala, kumtunda kwa tchire kumawuma, ndipo pobwera masamba atsopano amakula. Komanso, mabokosi okongola a lalanje amatha kudulidwa ndikusungidwa kuti athandize ma bouquets, ndipo masamba a masamba amatha kuchotsedwa. Phimbani mizu yotsala pansi ndi chosanjikiza cha mulching chuma, mwachitsanzo, peat. Tchuthi zapachaka zimayenera kusungidwa ndikuwonongeka, ndipo nthaka m'malo mwake imakumbidwa bwino.

Kufalikira kwa akatswiri

Zomera zokongoletsera ndizosatha ndipo zimatha kufalitsidwa ndi mbewu. Ma genalis amafalikira msanga kudzera pamaluwa ndipo ndikofunikira kuchotsa mbande zowonjezera kapena kukumba m'malire.

Kuphatikiza pa mbewu, zitsamba zowonjezereka zitha kupezeka pogwiritsa ntchito zodulidwa zomwe zimakololedwa pakati pa chilimwe. Pa mphukira muyenera kusiya mfundo ziwiri ndi kukumba pansi ndikuzama ndi theka. Kuchokera pamwamba ndikofunikira kukonza malo ogona, omwe amatha kuchotsedwa mutazika mizu ndi kutuluka kwa mapepala atsopano. Chisamaliro cha kudula ndikuthirira nthawi zonse ndi kutetezedwa ndi dzuwa.

Njira ina ndiyokwera ma rhizomes, omwe mbali zake amatha kusamukira kumalo atsopano. Muyenera kusankha zochitika ndi mphukira zopangidwa bwino.

Kukula physalis kunyumba

Ngati angafune, mtundu wina uliwonse wa ma physics ungabzalidwe kunyumba, chinthu chachikulu ndikutsatira mosamala malamulo oyendetsera mbewu:

• Kwa ma tchire okonda kutentha, sens yotayirira bwino komanso kutentha kwa +18 ... +25 ° C kudzakhala koyenera. M'chilimwe, malo abwino kwambiri andende: podutsa khonde kapena loggia.

• Gawo laling'ono lingagwiritsidwe ntchito kukonzedwa kale, kugulidwa m malo ogulitsira, chachikulu ndicho kupatsa thanzi komanso kulemera kwachilengedwe.
• Kuthirira sikuyenera kukhala kwachizolowezi, komabe, kuthilira kwamadzi sikuyenera kukhala;
• Nyumba ikasungidwa, ma physalis sakhala pafupi ndi matenda komanso tizilombo tosiyanasiyana. Kuyendera kwakanthawi, njira zodzitetezera ndikutsatira machitidwe a chisamaliro kudzathetseratu mavutowa.
• Kuberekanso kumachitika, komanso potseguka mothandizidwa ndi zodula kapena mphukira kuchokera muzu, wokumbidwa mumiphika.

Matenda ndi tizirombo

Physalis ndi chomera cholimbana ndi matenda osiyanasiyana ndi tizilombo. Koma nthawi zina, ngati mbewu zakulima sizilemekezedwa kapena kasinthidwe kazomera kasokonekera, mbewu yamasambayi imatha kudwala. Tebulo likuthandizani kuzindikira vutoli ndikupeza yankho lake:

A Dachnik akutsimikiza: katundu wopindulitsa ndi contraindication yogwiritsira ntchito physalis

Magawo onse a zakudya zamagulu: zipatso, masamba, mizu, komanso njere zamitundu mitundu zomwe zimakhala ndi zinthu zabwino zofunikira. M'magalamu zana ndi:

• Kuchuluka kwa vitamini PP, kumakhudza kugwira ntchito kwa mitsempha, m'mimba ndi kuzungulira kwa machitidwe.
• Ascorbic acid imathandiza kupirira kupsinjika ndi kutopa kwakanthawi, chimfine ndi matenda opuma. Komanso kuyamwa kwachitsulo ku zakudya zamasamba.
• B1 - kutenga nawo gawo kagayidwe kathupi, komanso phosphorous, yomwe imalimbitsa mafupa ndi mano.
• A - yomwe imakhala ndi phindu pamaso ndikusunga masomphenya pamlingo wokwera.
• 18 mitundu yamafuta amino acid.
• Beta-carotene ndi pectin, yomwe imayang'anira shuga wamagazi ndikukulolani kuti muphatikizire chikhalidwe ichi muzakudya zamagulu.
• Zinthu zazing'ono ndi zazikulu.
• Lycopene, yemwe amapereka mtundu wowala zipatso, amalimbana ndi khansa.
• Zopatsa kalori za zipatso - 53 kcal.

Chomera chimawonedwa ngati mankhwala komanso chothandiza pa thanzi la munthu. Zipatso zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, msuzi wawo, komanso mizu, yomwe imayenera kusungidwa pakugwa. Amakhulupilira kuti kugwiritsa ntchito ma physalis kumathandizira kupweteka, kutuluka magazi, kumenyana bwino ndi majeremusi, kumalimbikitsa kupanga bile. Imagwira bwino ntchito yamatumbo ndikuthandizira kudzimbidwa.

Zipatsozi ndizothandiza kwambiri makamaka kwa amayi ngati njira yoletsa kutulutsa magazi kwambiri, komanso kuchotsa njira yotupa. Mukatha kugwiritsa ntchito, pamakhala zotsatira zabwino za matenda monga cystitis, pyelonephritis.

Kuyambira kale, m'mankhwala azikhalidwe zamayiko ambiri padziko lapansi, mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi michere yazipatso zamankhwala monga:

• hepatitis;
• urolithiasis;
• rheumatism;
• gout
• kutupa ndi kuphwanya.

Zipatso zatsopano kapena juwisi kuchokera kwa iwo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda oopsa: muyenera kudya zipatso 5-7 tsiku lililonse. Zimathandizanso ndi tonsillitis, stomatitis ndi laryngitis: 1 tbsp. l Katatu patsiku. Monga njira yoletsa magazi, kuchokera ku chifuwa komanso kupweteka, ma decoctions ochokera kumizu ya chomera ndioyenera.

Komabe, monga mankhwala ena aliwonse, pali zotsutsana:

• Pazakudya komanso monga mankhwala, ndi ndiwo zamasamba ndi mabulosi okha zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito. Kudzikongoletsa kwa ma deti ndi poyizoni ndipo sikofunikira kuti muzigwiritsa ntchito.

• Mosamala, iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lalikulu la acidity. Muyenera kuyamba ndi zidutswa za 1-2, kuonjezera mlingo pang'onopang'ono. Izi zimagwiranso ntchito kwa iwo omwe ali ndi vuto la chithokomiro kapena zilonda.
• Magawo ake ali ndi ma alkaloids omwe ali ndi poizoni m'thupi motero sangagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati mankhwala.
• Zipatso zimayenera kukhala zokhwima, zipatso zosapsa zimatha kuvulaza kwambiri thanzi.
• Nthawi zina, zimatha kuyambitsa kugona, ndipo kudya kwambiri kumatha kuyambitsa matenda otsegula m'mimba.

Poyambirira matimu amayang'ana pamaluwa, ngakhale msungi wa novice angagwire ntchito ndi ntchito yake. Kugwiritsa ntchito malangizowo moyenera komanso mosamala kudzakuthandizani kuti muthe zipatso zochulukirapo komanso zakupsa zomwe zimapindulitsa thupi.