Clove Shabo: Zonse Zokhudza Kukula ndi Kusamalira

Clove Shabo - mbewu yosatha. Chuma cham'banja la clove. Zalandiridwa chifukwa chodutsa. Zimakhala zovuta kukula. Ngati zonse zofunika kubzala ndi kusamalira zikwaniritsidwa, maluwa osowa, apadera amawonekera m'mundamo.

Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe a cloves Shabo

M'mayiko a ku Europe, Garden Shabo amadziwika kuti ndiosintha ma clove achi Dutch, koma m'dziko lathu amadziwika ngati chomera chodziimira pawokha. Nthawi yoyamba yomwe adadziwa za iye ku France. Anatchulidwa pambuyo pa mfesi, chifukwa cha omwe adawonekera. Ichi ndi chitsamba chaching'ono cha masentimita 40-60, chomwe chimakhala ndi timitengo tosalala. Amakula masamba, mtundu woteteza, ndi maluwa akulu okhala ndi fungo labwino. Mitundu ya Fluffy imasiyanitsidwa ndi ma petals osalala bwino, okhala ndi zidutswa komanso odulidwa m'mphepete. Mtundu wosiyana kwambiri: wofiira, wachikasu, wa pinki, wamakhola, woyera, wofiirira. Maluwa okongola komanso onunkhira ndi abwino kwambiri kudula. Onani bwino maluwa.

Khalidwe lalikulu ndilo kutulutsa zipatso nthawi zambiri: nthawi yonse ya chilimwe ndi yophukira mpaka chisanu choyamba. Chaka chonse, kupangika kwa masamba kumawonedwa kumadera akumwera. Mutha kusilira duwa kwa masiku 5-10. Ngati nyengo ndi yotentha ndi youma, ndiye kuti ma petals amazimiririka nthawi yomweyo ndikulephera. Chovuta kwambiri ndi maluwa apinki komanso ofiira. Mbewu zimapangika miyezi 2-2,5 patatha nthawi yophukira. Chipatsochi chili ngati bokosi lalitali, lomwe limakhala ndi mbali yopyapyala kumapeto kwake. Imawululidwa mwachangu. Chitsamba chilichonse chimatha kupatsa mbewu za 2.5 g, zomwe ndizoyenera kubzala kwa zaka 3-4.

Ku Russia, imamera ngati chomera pachaka. Imatha kukhala nthawi yachisanu m'nthaka, ngati ingophimbidwa bwino.

Zovala zamitundu ingapo Shabo

Mitundu ina yodziwika komanso yokongola.

Lero tabweretsa mitundu yambiri yatsopano. Mpaka atakhala otchuka monga akale, achikale.

Kukula ma cloves a Shabo kuchokera ku mbewu

Chodziwika bwino kwa onse, duwa limachotsedwa pambewu zomwe zidagulidwa. Amakhala okwera mtengo, osavuta kugula. Nthawi zambiri, masamba 500 amakula kuchokera ku gramu imodzi. Mlingo wamera ndi 80-95%, umapitilira kwa zaka 2-3, kotero mbewuzo zimagulidwa pasadakhale. Zimakhala zovuta kusonkhana tokha. Zakucha, nyengo yotentha, yopanda mitambo ndipo mtengowo osafunikira uyenera kusungidwa kwanthawi yayitali. Kutalika kwa nthawi imeneyi ndi miyezi 1.5-2. Kutola mbewu zonse, zipatso zimakutidwa ndi zinthu zowoneka bwino ndikuziwona. Akakhwima, nthawi yomweyo amawuma.

M'malo okhala ndi nthawi yophukira yozizira, maluwa amasinthidwa kuti alandire mbewu komwe malo abwino ndi otheka.

Kufesa zokolola Shabo

Nthawi yomwe pakufunika kubzala mbewu za mbande zimatsimikiziridwa kuyambira pachiyambi cha maluwa chilimwe. Chifukwa chake, Shabo yabzalidwa nthawi yoyambira Januware 10 mpaka February 28. M'mbuyomu, kufesa mbewu sikubala zipatso. Kuti mukulitse, muyenera zida zapadera, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimasowa. Musanabzale, muyenera kukonzekera: mchenga umakhazikitsidwa kuti uzikhazikamo, mbewuzo sizikonzedwa, koma nthawi zina zimasungunuka ndi zina zowonjezera zakumaso, nthaka siyakuzunguliridwa. Zakudya zakonzedwa zimadzazidwa ndi dothi, kukongoletsa, kuthirira. Gwiritsani ntchito maziko oyatsira, pomwe amatenga magawo awiri a nthaka, manyowa, peat ndi mchenga umodzi. Kutalika kwa chidebe kuyenera kukhala 5-6 masentimita ndipo ndikhale ndi mabowo olanda. Zovuta zimapangidwa ndi zida 0,3 cm ndi mtunda pakati pawo masentimita 3. Mbewu iliyonse imayikidwa payokha kwa gawo limodzi la 1 cm, yokutidwa ndi mchenga komanso yokutidwa ndi galasi kapena filimu yapadera. Choyimira chitha kuchitika. Ziyenera kuchotsedwa.

Kusamalira mbande za Shabo

Ndikosavuta kusamalira mbande: ndikofunikira kupereka chinyezi chosangalatsa, kutsina munthawi yake. Kuphatikiza apo, onetsetsani kuti mwatsata izi:

• kusungabe kutentha kwa + 12 ... +15 ° C;
• pangani kuyatsa kwabwino, ndikuphatikiza maola owonjezera;
• khalani ndi mpweya wabwino mu nyengo yotentha;
• kutsina nsonga pakapangidwe masamba awiri kuti muthe kuphukira;
• pewani chinyezi mopitirira muyeso, kuthirira kokha kuti mukhale chinyontho;
• khalani ndi zovala zapamwamba za pamwamba ndi nitrate.

Zomera zokhala ndi zizindikiro za matenda (phesi yakuda, kufooka) zitha kuwoneka. Ndikofunika kuchotsa mbande zotere ndikuthira dothi ndi chisakanizo (mchenga, phulusa ndi malasha ophwanyika).

Sankhani ndikuzimitsa mbande za cloves Shabo

Ng'ombe zimafunikira kukokedwa kawiri:

• Kwa nthawi yoyamba - masamba athunthu apanga. Kuziika mu mbale ndi mainchesi pafupifupi 4 cm.
• Kachiwiri - kumapeto kwenikweni kwa Marichi, pamene masamba anayi a masamba amapangidwa. Miphika imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mainchesi pafupifupi 10 cm.

Kutalika kwa recess sikusintha. Ngati mbewu zakula mwamphamvu, ndiye kuti mutha kuziwonjezera ndi masentimita awiri. "Masamba achisanu atatha, muyenera kutsina. Ngati kukula pang'onopang'ono kapena utoto wotumbululuka, kuvala kwamtopola kofoka kumachitika. Kuwongolera kumayamba pambuyo pa kusankha kwina kulikonse. Zachitika pogwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana:

• Ikani usiku pamalo ozizira, kutentha komwe kumayenera kutsika ndi 10 ° C.
• Mu nyengo yofunda, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito nyumba zobiriwira. Pokhapokha chisanu sichimayembekezeredwa usiku.
• Amaloledwa kunyamula pamalo otseguka masana, omwe ayenera kutsekedwa ndi mphepo. Mumdima amabwerera.

Kubzala Shabo cloves pansi

Kuyika malo otseguka pafupifupi nthawi zonse kumakhala koyambirira kwa Meyi. Mbande zolimba sizitengera kuyambika kwa kutentha kwapadera, ndipo kutentha kwakanthawi kochepa kwa -3 ° C sikowopsa kwa iye. Ndikofunika kuti musankhe lapansi wosalowerera kapena pang'ono wamchere. Payenera kukhala dzuŵa zambiri pamalowo. Singakule ngati utagwiritsa ntchito mwaluso kapena dongo pobzala. Nthaka yakonzedwa pasadakhale, m'dzinja: kukumba, onjezerani phosphate 45 g, kompositi kapena manyowa 20 kg pa m2. Mu kasupe, feteleza amagwiritsidwa ntchito omwe amakhala ndi nayitrogeni (15 g) ndi potaziyamu (25 g) pa m2. Mbande imanyowetsedwa bwino, kenako mosamala imatengedwa limodzi ndi mtanda wa dziko ndikusunthidwa kumiyendo yokonzeka. Mizu yake imasiyidwa pamlingo womwewo. Zomera zimayikidwa pa 16 pcs. pa m2.

Mutabzala, kuthirira mokwanira ndikofunikira.

Kusamalira Shabo

Kuti mupeze maluwa okongola pamafunika khama. Kuzisamalira kumafuna kuchita izi:

• kuthirira pafupipafupi kuti mukhale pang'ono kukhalitsa;
• kupalira modekha ndi kumasula;
• kuphatikiza feteleza m'nthaka: nayitrogeni woyamba (15 g pa m2), sabata mutabzala pomwe phulusa limawonekera - ammonium nitrate ndi potaziyamu sulfate (10-15 g pa m2);
• osati kugwiritsa ntchito zowonjezera zachilengedwe;
• kukonza mbewu zazitali kuti zisaswe;
• kuyang'anira kawonekedwe konse;
• kuchita njira zodzitetezera kumatenda ndi tizirombo.

Kubzala pamalo omwewo kwa zaka zopitilira 2 sikulimbikitsidwa. Osapanga pafupipafupi ikamatera. Kuti mupeze maluwa amphamvu, ndikofunikira kupondera, ndikuphwanya mfundo 6 m'mazira onse ndi nthambi, kusiya kokha pakatikati. Kuchotsa kwakanthawi masamba owunda kumakulitsa maluwa. M'dzinja lozizira, ntchito za chitukuko zimachepa, kutsegulidwa kwa masamba kumapitilira mosadukiza.

Tizilombo ndi matenda

Kusamalira moyenera komanso kwakanthawi kwa Shabo sikungalole kuti matenda osiyanasiyana akhudze kapena angokhudza mwa apo ndi apo. Ngati mvula, bowa ungawonekere. Zomera zomwe zimakhudzidwa zimachotsedwa, zina zonse zimaperekedwa ndi zothetsera zomwe zimakhala ndi mkuwa.

Zowononga tizilombo tawo timene timadya m'madzi: nsabwe za m'masamba, nkhupakupa, kupindika. Makhalidwe: Kukuchedwa kwakula, kusintha, mawonekedwe - osafunikira. Tizilombo timeneti timatha kubweretsa matenda oyamba ndi tizilombo. Kuti apulumutse mbewuzo pang'ono ndi majeremusi, amathiridwa mankhwala ndi kulowetsedwa, komwe amatenga mamba anyezi kapena ma clove adyo. Mutha kukonzekera sopo, womwe umakhala ndi mafuta osaposa 72%, kapena 8-10% ya phula la birch. Insectoacaricides (Actellica, Actar, Karbofos) amadziwidwa ndi kuwaza nawo ngati kuchuluka kwa tizilombo kwachuluka.

Carnation Chabot kunyumba

Shabo ndi chomera chomwe nthawi zambiri sichimakula mchipinda. Itha zibzalidwe mu kugwa mu chidebe chilichonse ndikuyenda mu chipindacho. Kuwona momwe zinthu ziliri ndi nthawi yobzala mbande (kuwala kwabwino, kokuzizira), Shabo amasangalala ndi maluwa ake kwakanthawi. Masamba otetezedwa mu kasupe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kukonzekera kudula.

Mu nyengo yamkati, ndibwino kupatsa chidwi ndi mitundu monga Chinese, hybrid kapena Turkish carnations.

Kufalitsa kwamasamba a clove Shabo

Kufalikira kwa haibridi ndi mbewu sikokwanira. Zomera zopezeka mwanjira imeneyi zimatha kusiyanasiyana, kutaya matayala. Chifukwa chake, popanga mitundu yachilendo, njira ina yazomera imagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Mu nthawi yophukira, chitsamba chosankhidwa kuti chafalikire chimayikidwa mumphika ndikupita kunyumba. Malowa amasankhidwa bwino kuwunikira komanso osati kutentha kwambiri + 10 ... +12 ° С. Chapakatikati, zodula zimadulidwa pachomera, 3-4 internode kutalika, kuyikiridwa m'madzi kuti zizika mizu kapena mchenga, itatha kupaka ndi kupukutidwa. Pambuyo pa miyezi 1-1.5, mizu imayamba, ndipo kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe amabzalidwa m'mundamo.

Ngati mumabzala ndikusamalira moyenera zomwe zikuyembekezeredwa, ndiye kuti masamba adzawonekera chaka chino. Olima ena odula ndi mizu podula, nthawi yozizira amakula mnyumbamo. Iyi ndi njira yovuta yomwe imafuna kuyeserera kwambiri komanso mtengo, motero imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.

A Dachnik amalimbikitsa: ma Shabo atsopano aveti a Shabo

Kuphatikiza pa mitundu yakale, yodziwika bwino, yatsopano ikudulidwa. Kwa omwe mukudziwa bwino titha kunena kuti: Picoti, Watercolor, Disco, Giant Terry ndi Lyon. Amasiyanitsidwa ndi kuchepa kwakanthawi pakati pa nthawi yomwe kumatulutsa koyamba komanso chiyambi chamaluwa. Mutha kubzala mbewu pambuyo pake, osafunikira kuwonjezera kuti uziyatsa. Mitunduyi imaphunziridwabe bwino, kotero kubereka kumalimbikitsidwa kwa akatswiri.

Mitundu Luminet yosakanikirana (yayitali) ndi Night Series (yotsika) pachimake pafupifupi miyezi 7, maluwa 35 amawonekera pachitsamba chimodzi. Zophatikiza zowoneka bwino zimatha kukongoletsa makonde ndi maluwa mabedi. Pali mitundu yomwe imamera m'chipindacho. Mukamasankha maluwa oti mubzale kumsonkhano woyamba, ndibwino kupatsa chidwi ndi zosankha zamtunduwu ndikungosankha mtundu wa bud, chifukwa momwe mungasamalire ndi pafupi. Wamaluwa odziwa ntchito amatha kuyesa zatsopano ndi mitundu.