Maluwa a Chingerezi ndi mtundu waposachedwa wa maluwa. Amawonekera podutsa mitundu monga "Dainty Maid" ndi "Belle Isis". Zotsatira zake ndi gulu latsopano la mitundu.
Zomwe zaphatikizira zabwino kwambiri mbali zonse ziwiri, kupeza duwa lophika, kununkhira kodabwitsa komanso kukana pafupifupi matenda onse. Ndizofunikiranso kudziwa kuti imagwirizana kwambiri ndi nyengo yankhanza kuposa makolo ake akale.
Ubwino ndi Zovuta za English Roses
Mitundu yomwe imapezedwa popyola ena, ndiye kuti, yopanga zojambula, nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi machitidwe abwino. Umu ndi momwe zililinso ndi mitundu ya David Austin, yemwe adatchulidwa pambuyo pa yemwe adapanga - Wowetera Chingerezi.
Zabwino
Maluwa awa ali ndi fungo lamphamvu kwambiri, losangalatsa, maonekedwe awo ndi abwino kuposa omwe anzawo. Imatha kukana kwambiri nyengo nyengo, kaya ndi nyengo yozizira kapena yotentha. Kuphatikiza apo, maluwa amapanga thunthu lonse, mosiyana ndi mitundu ina.
Zoyipa
Siochuluka ndipo amalipiridwa mosavuta ndi ma pluses. Funso likadzuka posankha malo okhalamo, mthunzi wocheperako uyenera kukondedwa. Izi ndichifukwa choti mtunduwu suyankha bwino kuwongolera dzuwa, koma umalekerera kutentha kotentha bwino. Kuperewera kukaikira ndi kukweza kwakukulu kwa duwa. Ndizokayikira chifukwa kupangira munda wanu womwewo ndi kuphatikiza, koma m'malo mwa nyumba ndizofunikira kale.
Momwe mungasankhire mmera woyenera
Mukabzala mbewu zilizonse, ndikofunikira kuganizira momwe nyengo zimakhazikidwira, ndi komwe zikuyenera kubzalidwa. Onani Austin wobadwira kudziko lanyumba ndi lonyowa la England. Chifukwa chake, zinthu zoterezi ndi zabwino kwa iwo. Mwa mitundu pafupifupi 200 yamaluwa ku England, nyengo zanyengo m'dziko lathu zitha kukhala limodzi.
Kodi mungasankhe bwanji mitundu yoyenera ya nyengo ya malowa? Mutha kutenga Canada ngati chitsanzo. Mkhalidwe wawo wamphepo uli pafupifupi wofanana ndi wa ku Russia. Chifukwa chake, mitundu yomwe imakula, titha kukhala nayo bwinobwino ndipo tili nayo.
Mukamasankha wogulitsa, chidwi chachikulu chiyenera kulipidwa ku luso lake pazinthu zokhudzana ndi mitundu ya Chingerezi. Chowonadi ndi chakuti achinyengo amadziwa momwe njere zimayesedwera, amagula zofananira pamtengo wotsika, ndipo amagulitsa mtengo wokwera mtengo. Mwachilengedwe, zokonda ziyenera kuperekedwa ku nazale, kumene duwa lokongolali limadulidwa mwaluso. Mtengo ndiwokwera pang'ono, koma izi ndichifukwa choti ogulitsa kumeneko amapereka chitsimikizo cha nyengo yabwino. Gulani mbande pamalo ogulitsa omwe ali pafupi ndi misewu sikuyenera. Pafupifupi 100% angakhudzidwe ndi matendawa, kapena mwina sangakhale ogula osiyanasiyana.
Mitundu ndi mitundu ya maluwa Austin
Mtundu wobiriwira uwu ndi umodzi mwa ochepa omwe sanatchulidwepo. Komabe, akatswiri adazindikira magulu omwe amagawikidwapo.
Wamtali
Amasiyanitsidwa ndi kutalika kwakukulu kwa tsinde, pafupifupi masentimita 180. Mwachitsanzo, Korona wamtundu wa Princess Margaret. Mapangidwe a masamba mu mawonekedwe a mbale. Mtundu ulinso kutali ndi miyezo, wokhala ndi utoto wachikasu. Fungo lake ndi losakhwima, kununkhira kwa zipatso kumamveka.
Pankhani ya matenda, mitundu yayitali ndiyosagwirizana ndi fungal, ambiri mwazomwe zimachitika mu nyengo ya mbewu zotere.
Mitundu ina, mwachitsanzo, Gertrude Jekyll, amatha kutalika kwa 2 m, mawonekedwe a duwa ndi rosette. Fungo ndi lachindunji, koma losangalatsa. Zikumbutso mafuta a rose. Mtundu wake ndi wokongola, wapinki. Ilinso ndi kukana kwapakati pa zovuta zachilengedwe. Mtunduwu ndi wabwino kukula pamalopo, mawonekedwe a hedge plan.
Za kukula m'midzi
Gawoli limaphatikizapo mitundu ya Anna Boleyn. Mapangidwe ake a duwa ndi rosette, mawonekedwe a magalasi. Mtundu wake ndi wotuwa pinki, wonunkhira wonenepa. Zabwino kwa anthu omwe salola fungo lamphamvu.
Mitundu ina imakumbukira za duwa lamtchire, monga Christopher Marlowe. Wokhala ndi fungo lofanana ndi mafuta a rose. Chowonjezera ndichopinga champhamvu kukaniza nyengo, kusintha kwanyengo mwadzidzidzi.
Chisomo, mtundu wokongola wokhala ndi duwa monga ma apricots, dahlia. Monga m'bale wanu powoneka, amanunkhira mafuta.
Magalasi akuluakulu
Mitundu yomwe ikuphatikizidwa ndi gululi imasiyanitsidwa ndi kukula kwakukulu kwambiri kwamaluwa, omwe amadziwika kale ndi dzinalo. Ali ndi utoto wooneka bwino wa pinki. Fungo lake lili ndi zolemba za rasipiberi, zomwe sizimveka. Amawonetsa kuyendetsa bwino kwambiri nyengo zovuta, kuwonetsa kusintha kwachilengedwe. Komabe, pali mitundu yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi kutentha kochepa. Izi zikuphatikiza ndi Gentle Constance Spray. Mtundu wonyezimira wa pinki sungasiye aliyense wopanda chidwi ndi maluwa ake.
Palinso mitundu yomwe imatha kusintha fungo lawo kutengera nyengo. M'modzi mwa iwo ndi Princess Alexandra waku Kent. Utoto wowala wa pinki komanso mawonekedwe galu amaonekera bwino. Fungo limasintha malinga ndi nthawi ya maluwa, choyamba mumatha kumva zolemba za tiyi, kenako fungo labwino.
Rose Abraham Derby ndi wautali kwambiri wokhala ndi masamba akuluakulu apinki. Zosakhazikika-yozizira, zosagwira matenda. Koma maluwa osachedwa kusweka, koma kuvunda kuthengo, motero kudulira koyenera ndikofunikira.
Zosiyanasiyana Pat Austin - mkuwa-lalanje wokhala ndi mafunde ochepa, masamba amafikira 12 cm, ali ndi fungo labwino la tiyi. Garter amafunikira. Zomwe zimayambira sizilimbana ndi kukula kwa maluwa.
Prince - imayamba kutulutsa tint yofiirira yakuda, yomwe imatembenuka yofiirira. Kutalika kwa tchire ndi 60-75 masentimita, masamba ndi pafupifupi 8 cm.
Chachilendo cha gululi ndikuti kuti mukule ndikukula kukula, muyenera zaka zingapo zokhazikika komanso chisamaliro choyenera, malinga ndi zovuta zonse. Kupanda kutero, sangathe kuwululira kuthekera kwathunthu, kapena kungofota.
Mitundu yoyera
Kuchokera pa mayina zikuwonekeratu kuti mitundu ya pamakhala ya mitundu yotere ilibe lingaliro la chowongolera, cholowerera. Pakati pawo pali zoyera, maluwa ofiira, ambiri matoni achikaso, ngakhale lalanje.
Kutchuka kwambiri:
- Graham Thomas - ali ndi magalasi okhala ndi utoto wonyezimira. Nthawi yomweyo, amatulutsa fungo lonunkhira la mafuta a rose. Maluwa amakhala pafupi ndi pafupi.
- Claire Austin ndi mawonekedwe oyera, oyera oyera oyera ofanana ndi khola. Imakhala fungo losalala komanso kukana modekha kwamitundu yotentha.
Zambiri za kubzala maluwa a Chingerezi
Pankhani yakunyumba, palinso maubwenzi ambiri. Mtundu udagona nyengo yomwe nthawi zambiri kumada. Chifukwa chake, kuti zitsimikizire mikhalidwe yabwino ya duwa, ndikofunikira kusankha malo amthunzi, owonjezera, kupanga malo otere.
Maluwa a Chingerezi samachita bwino kuti azitsogolera dzuwa, kuti athe kukhazikika amafunikira maola anayi okha patsiku. Kuti muthane ndikukula kwa tsinde, mutha kusankha malo owala kuposa kucha. Chifukwa chake, tsinde limakula pang'onopang'ono, nthawi ina, kukula kudzayima. Njira ndi yosavuta, safuna mikhalidwe yapadera kapena feteleza.
Sakonda mphepo, chifukwa chake malo olimirirawo ayenera kutetezedwa mwaluso kuchokera ku nyengo iyi. Kapenanso, sankhani malo abata. Kuti zikule bwino, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti mubzale paphiri, bwino kwambiri paphiri.
Tsamba lomwe malo a maluwa oterowo akuyenera kukonzedwa ndikofunikira mwapadera.
Choyamba, mbande zimanyowetsedwa m'madzi, pomwe ndikofunikira kuyikira kupukusa kukula kwazinthu zopangitsa chidwi. Mtundu wa "maluwa anabolics." Kenako malo amasankhidwa potengera mawonekedwe onse a mthunzi, mphepo, ndi makwerero.
Mitundu ya Chingerezi ndi mitundu ya maluwa salekerera madzi amasungunuka. M'nyengo yozizira, ndikofunikira kupatula ingress ya chisanu kupita kumalo omwe mbewuzi zimakula. Njira yabwino ikakhala kusankha malo pafupi ndi gazebo, kapena kapangidwe kena kali ndi denga. Iyenera kuyimikidwa kotero kuti mthunzi woponyera kuchokera padenga umaphimba maluwa.
Kukonzekeretsa maenje oyaka. Ayeneranso kukhala ndi zofunika zina.
Ndikofunikira kukumba lalikulu, mbali ndi kukuya kwa 0.5 m. Kenako, pachitsime chilichonse, ndikofunikira kuthira madzi okwanira malita 10, kuwasiya ali m'bwaloli kwa tsiku limodzi. Izi ndichifukwa chakuti maluwa amakonda dothi lonyowa.
Mutabzala mwachindunji malo m'malo, ziyenera kukhala zothira, ndikugwiritsa ntchito malita 45 a madzi pachitsamba chimodzi. Pambuyo pa njirayi, nthaka imayamba kutuluka. Ku England, komwe nyamayi idawonongeka, palibe kugwa kwa chipale chofewa pamtunda uliwonse, ndipo chipale chofewa sichimachitika kawirikawiri (mwina mwanjira yomwe nzika zaku Russia zimawonera). Chifukwa chake, poyembekezera nthawi yozizira, funso limadzuka pokonzekera malo osungira nthawi yachisanu maluwa. Pogona amachotsedwa mchaka chokha, kuyambira pomwe kutentha kumafika 0 ° C.
Kwa mbewu zothamanga kwambiri zotere, zakudya zowonjezera ndizofunikira. Komabe, simungathe kulowa feteleza mutabzala. Amayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa zaka 2 zokha zolera. Njira yoyamba ndi nayitrogeni, imakhala ngati cholimbikitsira kupangika kwa achinyamata zimayambira. Otsatirawa ali ndi zochuluka za zinthu za nayitrogeni, ngakhale phosphorous. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito panthawi yogwira popanga masamba.
Maluwa amafunika kudulidwa kamodzi pachaka, kasupe, kapena nthawi yophukira. Munthawi imeneyi, ndikofunikira kuchotsa nthambi zouma ndi zofooka, ndikupanga mawonekedwe a chitsamba.
Chofunikira, kuti mukwaniritse kukula kwambiri kuchokera pazinthu zosiyanasiyana, chotsani theka la mphukira.
Chingerezi cha roses chisamaliro
Ponena za kuchokapo, njira yeniyeni imafunikiranso pano.
Akangoyamba kuphukira, nthaka yomwe ili m'munsi mwa tchire imadzulidwa, dothi limamasulidwa, kenako ndikuphimbidwa ndi utuchi. Mutha kupanga ufa wa mabano, udzu, izi zimachitika kuti nthaka ikhale yabwino.
Ma Bush mapangidwe
Kuchepetsa ngati mkhalidwe. Iyenera kuyambika mutangotsitsidwa kale. Nthawi yachiwiri chisanachitike chisanu. Kenako, mu April, masamba asanatseguke, mphukira zimafupikitsidwa ndi theka kutalika. Ngati kudula gawo lachitatu. chitsamba chikhala ndi masamba ambiri, zomwe zimafooketsa chomeracho.
Tsinde litakula, pafupifupi mphukira zonse zimachotsedwa, ndikusiya zidutswa zinayi zokha.
Ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa kuti kalasi iliyonse imafunikira momwe munthu aliyense payekha angachitire. Mwachitsanzo, pakukwera mitundu, gawo 5 lokha la tsinde limadulidwa.
Nthaka zomwe zafota, komanso maluwa omwe akhwima, ayenera kuchotsedwa nthawi yomweyo. Izi zimalola masamba atsopano kuti apange msanga momwe zingathere.
Mabasi, omwe akuposa chaka ndi theka, akulimbikitsidwa kudulidwa pakati pa kasupe. Masamba asanayambe kuphuka. Mukachedwa, maluwa amatulutsa patapita nthawi. Osayimilira pamwambo wokhala ndi mphukira zofowoka ndi zosweka, makamaka ndi odwala, iyi ndi nkhani yathanzi la chitsamba chonse. Zakale zimachotsedwa nthawi zambiri, kamodzi pazaka zisanu zilizonse, m'malo mwake zimapangidwa ndikuwombera kwatsopano.
Ndipo chida chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito podulira tchire, iyenera kukhala yolakwika. Izi ndizofunikira kuti kudula kusalala komanso kuwonekeratu, apo ayi chingaliricho chingophwanya mbewuyo.
Zina mwa magawo - ziyenera kuchitika pokhapokha, motalikirana kwambiri ndi 5 mm kuchokera ku impso yapafupi. Malowo odulawo ayenera kuthandizidwa mwachangu ndi yankho laudimba, kapena ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo.
Kuthirira
Kutsitsa kumachitika pokhapokha pakoma, palibe malangizo ndi mafayilo ake pankhaniyi. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imafunikira madzi osiyanasiyana. Mitundu ya curling imafuna malita osachepera 15, pomwe mitundu wamba imafuna malita 10 okha. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuchita izo madzulo. Pankhani zamadzi, mumakhalanso zokhumba zokhudzana ndi mtundu wake. Kuchokera pampopi sikoyenera, chifukwa imakhala ndi chlorine yambiri. Ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito madzi osungunuka kapena mvula.
Ngati mukulumikiza ndi kupukutira masamba, mutha kuyambitsa mawonekedwe a matenda. Ndizosatheka kupanga pafupipafupi kuthirira ndi voliyumu yaying'ono. Muyenera kusiya kuthilira tchire kumapeto kwa Ogasiti, ngati dzinja lili mvula, ndiye kale kwambiri. Chotsatira ndi yophukira, momwe mvula imaperekera chinyezi m'nthaka.
Tekinoloje ya Zima Shelter
Monga tanena kale, chipale chofewa chikugwera panthaka, ndipo chifukwa chake kuzizira kwambiri (kutentha m'munsi -10 ° C) sikololedwa pamitundu yama maluwa a Chingerezi. Pofuna kupewa izi, ndikofunikira kumanga nyumba zapadera zomwe zimalola mbewu kudikira nyengo yachisanu komanso yozizira.
Choyamba chimafika gawo lokonzekera kutentha. Muli ndi kulola masamba kutulutsa okha, kuponyera ngale. Mukaphwanya pasadakhale, kusokoneza kucha kwathunthu. Panthawi yozizira, masamba omwe atsala pamtengowo ayenera kuchotsedwa, komanso chifukwa chodulira zomwe zimayambira kale. Pambuyo pothana ndi njira izi ndi pomwe munthu angayambe kutentha.
Hilling ndiye woyamba, pambuyo pake njira yopanga malo okhala m'nyengo yozizira imayamba. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kutambasula mauna pafupi ndi maluwa, ngati sichoncho, plywood ndiyoyenera. Chipinda chotsegulira chomata chimakutidwa ndi masamba owuma, kenako kumetedwa, pambuyo pake pali humus. Mitundu yoluka imayikidwa pamwamba, yokonzedwa ndikukutidwa ndi wosanjikiza masamba owuma (osachepera 30 cm). Kenako, kuchokera pamwamba pamtunda ikoke filimu. Pogona chimasakanizidwa pokhapokha ndi kuyamba kwa kasupe, pamtunda wotsika kuposa 0 ° C.
Njira zolerera
Izi zimachitika chimodzimodzi ndi mitundu ina ya maluwa. Zodulidwa, magawo, ana, njira zonsezi ndi zabwino mitundu ya maluwa a Chingerezi. Komabe, njira iliyonse ili ndi zabwino zake komanso zovuta zake, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa ngati mwayi utapezeka kuti mubereke maluwa nokha, popanda thandizo. Akatswiri amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito katemera pakubereka, izi ndizothandiza kwambiri.
Matenda ndi Tizilombo ta Austin Rose
Potsatira mosamalitsa ma nuances onse a kukula, kuthilira ndi kudyetsa, maluwa amatha kukula kwazaka zopitilira 20. Komabe, ndi zoyesayesa zonse za wolima dimba, zinthuzo zitha kuwonongeka kwambiri ndi tizirombo ndi matenda. Izi zimaphatikizapo fungal, zimakhudza makamaka tchire la zomera. Izi zimakwiyitsidwa ndi nyengo zosayenera zamaluwa achisanu. Ma syndromes amapanga pa zimayambira, ngakhale pamtanda wakufa, masamba okugwa, mtundu wa imvi wa bowa ukatsalira kwa nthawi yayitali. Kugawa kumatheka pogwiritsa ntchito chida chomwe chimadula toyesa matenda.
Popewa kupezeka kwa matenda, komanso chifukwa chopewa kufa kwa mbeu, muyenera kutsatira mndandanda wa malamulo:
- Kutsika pamtunda wotalika masentimita 50 kuchokera pa wina ndi mzake, apo ayi maluwa omwe atengedwa ndi matendawa atha kupatsira ena.
- Pukuta mapepala mwamphamvu pakumawuma.
- Mukadula, zigawo zochotsedwazo zimayenera kuti ziwotchedwe, chidacho chiyenera kupulumutsidwa.
Kuyitanidwa koyamba kokhudza matenda ndi mawanga tchire, chikhomo choyera. Ngati zizindikiro zikapezeka, chithandizo chimalimbikitsidwa nthawi yomweyo. Pazifukwa zotere, 1% Bordeaux madzimadzi masiku asanu aliwonse ndioyenera.
Mr. Chilimwe wokhala anati: Maluwa achingelezi omwe ali m'malo
Maluwa amtunduwu amawoneka okongola komanso owoneka bwino. Mwambiri, rose yamawonekedwe imawoneka yosangalatsa, koma Chingerezi ndichipeza bwino kwambiri.
Mitundu yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga zokongoletsera imaphatikizapo:
Chikondwerero cha Golide
Maluwa ndi akulu, achikaso. Amakhala ndi fungo labwino, lonunkhira.Kutalika kwa tchire ndi pakati, osati kupitirira masentimita 150. Ndi a mtundu wamtundu womwe ukukula mwachangu, kufalikira. Ubwino wake umaphatikizapo kukana kwambiri kumatenda, kubwereza maluwa mobwerezabwereza.
Charlotte
Imakhala ndi kukula kwakukulu, imakhala ndi masamba akhungu. Imakhala ndi fungo labwino, pakati pakulimbana ndi matenda. Imalekerera nyengo nyengo ngati mvula, chipale. Zimatanthauzira kuphuka.
