Peony yooneka ngati mitengo - osatha, amadziwika kuti ndi yekhayo wochokera ku banja la a Peony. Malo ogawa - China, Europe, America.
Mawonekedwe a mitengo peonies
Chomera ngati mitengo yachikale. Dongosolo lamizu ndilapamwamba.
Nthambi zimagawanika pang'onopang'ono kapena ternate, zimakhala ndi malo owonda kapena owonda. Mtundu - kuchokera kubiriwira wakuda mpaka utoto wakuda.
Danga lamtundu wa masamba limayambira masentimita 15 mpaka 25. Ziphuphu zamitundu yonse kuyambira zoyera mpaka zofiira. Kutalika kwa maluwa kuyambira Meyi mpaka Juni.
Kusiyana pakati pa mtengo wa peony ndi udzu
Mu biology, udzu ndi masamba ofanana ndi mitengo amasiyanitsidwa, osiyana ndi wina ndi mnzake pazinthu zingapo:
| Parameti | Peony yamtengo | Grassy peony |
| Kufanana | Mitundu ya haibridi imasiyanitsidwa, kuphatikiza mitundu ya udzu ndi peony yamtengo. Ogonjetsedwa ndi chisanu. | |
| Kusiyanitsa | Thunthu lake ndi lolimba, ngati mtengo, lotchedwa zitsamba. | Tsinde ndi lofewa, laudzu, losakhala pakati pa tchire. |
| Kutalika - kuyambira 1.5 mpaka 2 m. | Amakula mpaka 1 m. | |
| Pofuna kuphukitsa masamba, maluwa oyamba samadulidwa. | Kusintha masamba, masamba oyamba amachotsedwa. | |
| Kukula kwa masambawa kumayambira 25 mpaka 30 cm. | Maluwa ali ndi mainchesi pafupifupi 20 cm. | |
| Pali mitundu yopitilira 4664 yamitundu mitundu. | Chiwerengero cha mitundu pafupifupi 500. | |
Mitundu ndi mitundu yamitundu yosiyanasiyana yazithunzi
Mitundu yamtundu wa mitengo imagawidwa m'magulu atatu, omwe amadziwika kuti ndiwoyambitsa mitundu yambiri:
| Gululi | Zosiyanasiyana | Kufotokozera | Maluwa |
| Chijapani | Kinshi. | Kutalika kwa thunthuwu kumachokera pa 0,8 mpaka 1.2 m. Ili ndi kununkhira kwakulemera kwambiri. Masamba ndi wandiweyani. Nthawi ya maluwa ndiyambira kumapeto kwa masika. | Chachikulu, mtundu wa terry. Mtundu wachikasu, kupindika - carmine. |
| Shima Nishiki. | Mphukira zimakhala zamphamvu, zimakula mpaka 100 cm. Fungo ndilabwino, koma silinatchulidwe. M'nyengo yozizira iwo amaphimba ndi nthambi za spruce, malo osungirako amasankhidwa otsekedwa ndi mphepo. | Choyera ndi chofiira. Chojambulachi chimaphikidwa. Pakatikati ndi golide. | |
| Panther wakuda. | Mitengo yamphamvu yopindika, kutalika - mpaka 100 cm, m'mimba mwake - pafupifupi 150 cm. | Terry, zofewa kukhudza. Mtundu - utoto wofiirira wokhala ndi tint ya chokoleti. Pakati ndi golide. | |
| Mitundu | Wogwirizira wagolide. | Chachikulu, mtundu wa terry. | Chachikulu, mtundu wa terry. Masamba ake ndi achikasu achikasu. |
| Domes chagolide. | Thunthu lake limafikira masentimita 100. Korona wake ndi wamphamvu. Nthawi ya maluwa - pafupi masabata atatu, kuyambira Meyi. | Milky yoyera, yokhala ndi chikasu pang'ono. Mtundu wa Terry, kukula mpaka 16 cm. | |
| Mawu ofatsa. | Mphukira zamphamvu, mpaka 150 cm. | Golide wokhala ndi mbali zoyera ngati matalala. Kukula kwa masamba mpaka 17 cm. | |
| Bokosi la Malachite. | Kutalika kwa thunthu ndi pafupifupi mita 1. Ili ndi korona wolimba. | Wobiriwira wopepuka, mawonekedwewo ndi ozungulira, amapindika pang'ono kumapeto. Pakatikati mwake mpaka 12 cm. | |
| Buluu wabuluu. | Zomwe zimayambira zimafikira mita 1. Kutalika kwa maluwa ndi masiku 21-25, kuyambira Meyi. | Terry mtundu pinki buluu. Kukula kwa masamba ndi pafupifupi 25-30 cm. | |
| Sino-European | Giant (Hu hong). | Ali ndi mtengo wokulirapo. Nthawi ya maluwa ndiyambira mwezi wa Juni mpaka Julayi. | Wovekedwa, ofiira. Zingwe - kuchokera pa 18 mpaka 19 cm. Yang'anani m'mwamba mosiyanasiyana. |
| Loti wofiyira. | Chomera chachikale, chotalika mamita 1.2. Masamba ake ndi akulu, okhala ndi sheen wonyezimira. Kutalika kwa maluwa ndi masiku 21. | Wovekedwa, burgundy. Nthawi yomweyo, pafupifupi 70 zidutswa zimawerengedwa pachitsamba. | |
| Chilumba cha Coral. | Kugwiritsa ntchito bwino pamunda wamtunda. | Coral ofiira. Dongosolo la masamba ndi pafupifupi 15 cm. Terry mtundu. | |
| Mame owonekera. | Zimayambira ndizitali. Udzu ndi wobiriwira wowala, wandiweyani. | Pinki yowala, m'mphepete pang'ono. | |
| Alongo a Kiao. | Shrub amakula mpaka 1 mita. | Matoni awiri. Mtundu - oyera-oyera. Mtundu wa Terry. | |
| Utoto wapinki. | Mphukira imafika masentimita 100. Mukamasintha maluwa, khalani ndi chithandizo. | Chachikulu, pinki. Pakatikati ndi golide. Half Terry. | |
| Mbalame yotentha. | Chitsamba chowongoka, chachikulu kuchokera pa 1.5 mpaka 1.8 m. Maluwa pambuyo pake, koma ochulukana. | Zazikulu. Mtundu - rasipiberi wowala. Onenepa kawiri. | |
| Sitima zocheperako. | Mitundu yolimbana ndi chisanu, makamaka siyodwala. Zomera zotayika, zobiriwira. Nthawi ya maluwa - masabata awiri. | Ofiira kwambiri. Pakatikati ndi chikaso. Terry. | |
| Usiku wopukusa. | Chitsamba chimakula mpaka 1-1.2 m. Masamba ake ndi akulu, obiriwira, amakhala ndi sheen wonyezimira. | Zopaka utoto wofiirira. | |
| Pink lu (Lu fen). | Mphukira zikukula mofulumira. Shrub yaying'ono, ukufika 1.5 m. | Khungu, terry. Mtundu - wotuwa wapinki. | |
| Mapasa. | Kwawo - China. Ili ndi fungo labwino. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kubzala padzuwa, kutali ndi zokonzekera. | Zowirikiza pawiri, kukula - mpaka 14 cm. | |
| Kuwala kwa Utawaleza (Pafupifupi Dzuwa). | Thunthu lamphamvu. Zomera ndizobiriwira zowala. | Mawonekedwe onyansa, ofanana ndi chrysanthemums. Kukula - pafupifupi 18 cm. | |
| Giant wa Chemosa | Mphukira amakula mpaka 200 cm. | Pinki. Pa chitsamba pafupifupi 40-70 zidutswa. Mtundu wa Terry. |
Zosiyanasiyana zamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mitengo ku Moscow
Zoweta m'mitengo yapansi apa, mitengo yamitundu yotereyi ndiyabwino:
| Gulu | Kufotokozera | Maluwa |
| Vesuvius | Amakula mpaka 0,7 m. | Chachikulu, mtundu wa terry. Khungu lofiira, pachimake ndi chikasu. |
| Vladimir Novikov | Chipamba chake chimakula mpaka masentimita 130-150. Tchire limamera. | Nyemba yofiira ndi fuchsin. Mphepete ndi wavy. |
| Kinko | Kutalika kwa thunthu kuli pafupifupi mamita 2. Mtundu wosagonjetsedwa ndi chisanu, uli ndi masamba akulu obiriwira obiriwira. | Wovekedwa. Mtundu - wagolide wokhala ndi malire ofiira. |
| Gauguin | Imafika kutalika kwa masentimita 120. | Chachikulu, chofiirira. M'mbali mwa mthunzi wa fuchsia. |
| Matalala | Zophatikiza mitundu. Mbiya - oposa 100 cm. | Osati-pawiri. Mtundu - wofiirira. |
| Sapphire | Amakula mpaka mamita 2. Masamba ndi akulu, wobiriwira wobiriwira. | Pinki. Dongosolo - 17-18 cm. |
| Peter Wokalamba | Chitsamba chophukacho chimakhala ndi timitengo tingapo komanso kutalika kwa 130 mpaka 150 cm. | Hafu-terry, kukula - 20-25 cm. Colours - lilac-beetroot, mitsempha - yofiirira. |
| Stefan | Chomera chofalikira, chotalika 90cm mpaka 1 m. | Zosapanga pawiri, kukula - pafupifupi 20 cm. Mtundu - rasipiberi wokhala ndi mitsempha ya lilac. |
| Vadim Tikhomirov | Mtundu wokhala ndi mitundu yambiri womwe umakula mpaka masentimita 150. Zomera zake ndizobiriwira. | Danga lamtundu wa masamba limayambira 11 mpaka 15 cm. Mtundu ndi wa pinki, pali malo ang'onoang'ono akhungu lofiirira, m'mbali mwake ndi wavy. |
| Hoffman | Tsinde ndi mpaka masentimita 150. Masamba amakhala obiriwira. | Wapinki wapinki. Pakatikati ndi yoyera. |
Kusankha mbande
Mukamasankha zofunikira kubzala, onani momwe mizu yake imagawikidwira kukhala yotseguka ndikutseka. Ngati nthangalayo ilibe kanthu kapena kuyikanso m'thumba mutagula malo ogulitsa maluwa, ndiye mtundu woyamba. Ngati duwa limaperekedwa mchidebe, ndipo lili ndi masamba angapo - lachiwiri.
Onaninso nthumwi za maluwa ndi kupezeka kwa katemera. Ngati ilipo, mizu yake ndi yakuda komanso yokuda. Dongosolo lawo ndi lalifupi ndi 4-5 masentimita. Zitsamba zotere, maluwa amawoneka chaka chotsatira mutabzala.
Mmera kuchokera pamiyeso uli ndi zopyapyala zoonda. Pankhaniyi, maonekedwe a masamba sayembekezeka kuposa zaka zinayi pambuyo pake.
Peony yamtengo - kubzala, kusamalira ndi kulima poyera
Kubzala moyenera komanso chisamaliro ndizofunikira kwambiri kuti mukhale ndi maluwa olimba komanso athanzi.
Kubzala mu yophukira
Ngati pansi panthaka pali kutali ndi pansi, ndiye kuti pangani dzenje lokwanira. M'lifupi mwa dzenje limapanga pafupifupi 0.7 m, kuya komwe. Denga lamtunda limayikidwa pansi pa ngalande, makulidwe ake ndi pafupifupi 25-30 cm, limakhala ndi miyala, zidutswa za njerwa ndi mchenga. M'dothi lokhazikika, 200-300 g ya chakudya cham'mafupa amathiridwa.
Kenako, dothi limathiridwa dzenjelo ndikuika peony pamenepo. Thirani madzi kuti muchepetse nthambizo. Atatha kunyamula chinyezi, nthaka yambiri imathiridwa mu ngalande kotero kuti kuyika kwa khosi mizu kumagwirizana ndi mulingo. Kutalika pakati pa mbeu ndi pafupifupi 150-200 cm.
Kukonzekera kwa dothi
Kusamalira ndi kulima maluwa oterowo kumaphatikizapo kukonzekereratu kwa dzikolo. Maluwa amenewa amakonda kukula mu loam. Dothi lamchenga limapangidwa bwino ndi ntchito ya humus, sod land, dongo ndi peat.
Kubzala peony yamtengo kumapeto
Mbande zamabizinesi zikugulitsidwa kale muFebruary-Marichi, koma popeza chipale chofewa chilipo panthawiyi, kubzala kumayimitsidwa mpaka Epulo. Mpaka nthawi iyi, duwa limasungidwa m'chipinda chozizira.
Zambiri za kubzala kwa masika
Sankhani malo paphiri, malowo azikhala dzuwa. Mtunda pakati pa tchire ndi masentimita 150. Pangani dzenje lakuya masentimita 50-70, ngalande zimayikidwa pansi (wosanjikiza mpaka 25 cm). Amadyetsa dothi ndi humus, kompositi, ndikuthirira madzi ambiri.
Kusamalira masika
Chitani mwaukhondo kudulira kwa mphukira zouma. Madzi kamodzi masiku 14, pansi pa chitsamba chilichonse gwiritsani ntchito malita a madzi 6-7. Dothi lanyowetsedwa ndi kompositi. Chipale chitasungunuka, udzu umachotsedwa.
Chisamaliro cha Mtengo
Kukula kwabwino kwa maluwa, ndikofunikira kuti azimusamalira bwino.
Kuthirira
Kutsirira ndikochuluka, koma osati kangapo kuposa nthawi 1 m'masabata awiri. Kusunthika kwamadzi kumapangitsa kuti mizu iwonongeke mwachangu.
Feteleza
Zomera zimafunika phosphorous ndi nayitrogeni, kotero kudyetsa kumachitika nthawi zambiri. Panthawi yopanga inflorescences, potaziyamu imagwiritsidwanso ntchito.
Gwiritsani ntchito feteleza onse a mono ndi zinthu zovuta kupanga. Zothandiza kuganizira phulusa.
Kuteteza kwa dzinja
Peony yamtengoyi ndi imodzi mwazomera zolimba yozizira. Amamva kutentha pa kutentha mpaka -40 ° C. Koma kwa mitundu yomwe ikukula pakati panjira, perekani zowonjezera.
Chitsamba chimakokedwa pang'ono ndi chingwe, chimachepetsa kukula kwake, ndikuphimbidwa ndi nthambi zamiyala. Chophimba chapamwamba ndi burlap.
Kudulira mitengo
Kudulira kumachitika mchilimwe kukula kwamphamvu kusanayambe. Chotsani zitsamba zonse zouma. Mphukira zachikale zimadulidwa kuti pafupifupi 10 masentimita asala.
Kuika mitengo
Chomera chimakhudzana ndikusintha, popeza ndizovuta kuchira. Mukamayeserera, muyenera kusamala kwambiri, amatulutsa chitsamba ndi mtanda wina, womwe umatsukidwa pansi pamadzi.
Yenderani dzimbiri, malo owola amachotsedwa, ndipo lalitali - lifupikitseni. Magawo amathandizidwa ndi potaziyamu permanganate ndikuwazidwa makala opera.
Kukula mtengo wa peony pambewu
Mbewu zofesedwa mu Novembala, mpaka akuya masentimita 3. Malowa amalembedwa ndikuyembekezera kumera pambuyo pa zaka 2-3, maluwa atatha zaka 4.
Zobzala izi zimakhala ndi kumera bwino, koma mawonekedwe a masamba oyamba amayenera kudikirira nthawi yayitali. Kutola mbewu kuti kubereketsanso kumachitika pambuyo pokhazikitsa zipatsozo mumtundu wakuda woderapo.
Njira zofalitsira mitengo ya peony
Pofalitsa, mbewu zimagwiritsa ntchito kudula, kuyala, komanso kuyika mbuto.
Kudula
Chitani kuyambira kumapeto kwa kasupe mpaka June. Akuwombera ndi tsamba ndi impso amasankhidwa, kudulidwa ndikuyika Kornevin kuchepetsedwa ndi madzi kwa maola awiri. Zodulidwa zimanyamulidwa mumbale, zokhala ndi peat ndi mchenga wotengedwa chimodzimodzi, yokutidwa ndi filimu.
Poyera nthaka yobzalidwa kasupe wotsatira. Maluwa amayembekezeka kuposa kale zaka zisanu.
Kuyika
Zigawo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kumapeto kwa masika, maluwa asanayambe. Kuti muchite izi, sankhani mphukira yomwe ili pafupi kwambiri ndi dothi.
Kuyambira pansipa, mawonekedwe ofikira amapangidwa pa icho, omwe amathandizidwa ndi Kornevin. Kenako njirayi imayendetsedwa pansi ndikuphimbidwa ndi dothi la masentimita 10. Mkati mwa Seputembala, gawo ili limasiyanitsidwa ndi chitsamba chachikulire ndikupita kumalo okhazikika.
Inassulation wa Grass Peony
Njira yovuta kwambiri komanso nthawi yambiri yobereka. Mphero ndi malo mu scion, recess wa amafunikira mawonekedwe amapangidwa masheya. Katemera nthawi zambiri amachitidwa kuchokera kumbali. Kenako ziwalozi zimalumikizidwa ndikukhazikika ndi tepi yamagetsi. Coalescence imachitika pakatha mwezi umodzi.
Matenda a Pe Pe
Pakulima maluwa, amakhudzidwa ndi matenda otsatirawa:
- Gray zowola - zimatsogolera ku kufa kwa mbewu. Shrub imachiritsidwa ndi yankho la potaziyamu permanganate kapena sulfate yamkuwa. Mphukira zomwe zimakhudzidwa zimadulidwa mosamala ndikuwotchedwa.
- Maonekedwe a bulauni. Masamba owonongedwa amachotsedwa ndikuwonongeka. Duwa limapakidwa madzi a Bordeaux.
Zithunzi za maluwa peony
Kuti maluwa apadera a peonies, ndikofunikira kutsatira malamulo angapo komanso osalola zolakwika zazikulu kusamalidwa.
Zolakwika zazikulu chifukwa chomwe kulibe maluwa
Peony yamtengo singathe kutulutsa pazifukwa zingapo:
- kulowerera kwambiri m'nthaka;
- gwiritsani ntchito zinthu zambiri za nayitrogeni;
- kusowa kwa magetsi;
- zaka zazing'ono;
- kusowa kwa mtunda pakati pa zitsamba;
- kupatsidwa;
- kudulira.
Kukula dimba kunyumba
Kuti muswetse peony yamtundu m'nyumba, zingapo zimachitika:
- sankhani mphika woyenera;
- mbewu imabzalidwa mchombo mu Marichi;
- theka lodzazidwa ndi dothi lozikika;
- kuwonjezera kompositi;
- duwa lakhazikika mu dothi lonyowa, masamba.
Kutengera mapulani awa, kukulitsa peony mu nyumba sizovuta.
