Asplenium - chisamaliro chakunyumba, chithunzi

Asplenium (Asplenium) - chomera chokongoletsera kuchokera ku banja la a Kostenets, amtundu wa ferns. Chofala kwambiri m'nyumba zamaluwa zamaluwa. Malo obadwira a asslenium ndi Australia, Southeast Asia, Malaysia. Fern uyu amakula bwino, m'nyumba komanso m'mundamo. Pokhapokha ngati malo abwino amapangidwe, ma splenium amakula kukhala chitsamba chachikulu chopanda kuyambira 30 mpaka 90 cm komanso mulifupi. Masamba a chomera amatha kukhala osavuta kapena osakanizika, okhala ndi mtundu wobiriwira wobiriwira.

Pali mitundu pafupifupi 650 ya fern padziko lapansi, koma ochepa okha ndi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga maluwa. Ndi chisamaliro choyenera, mbewuyo imatha kukula mpaka zaka 10. Asplenium imangokhala yamtengo chifukwa cha masamba ake okongola; Nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito kukongoletsa maofesi, nyumba zamaofesi ndi mabungwe.

Zothandiza zimatha ntchito ya asplenium

Kusunga asplenium m'nyumba yanu sikosangalatsa, komanso kopindulitsa. Masamba ake akuluakulu obiriwira amayeretsa mpweya pazinthu zovulaza. Ferns amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo m'chipindacho, amatha kutulutsa mpweya komanso mankhwala ena azakumwa zomwe zimapweteketsa anthu.

Kusamalira asplenium kunyumba. Mwachidule

Pogula fern m'nyumba, muyenera kudziwa malamulo osavuta osamalira. Alibe zovuta, kotero ngakhale oyamba maluwa ndi osadziwa zambiri atha kuthana ndikulima kwa asplenium.

Kusamalira asplenium kunyumba. Mwatsatanetsatane

Kusamalira asplenium kunyumba sikovuta kwambiri. Chofunikira ndikupanga malo abwino kwambiri pafupi ndi chilengedwe chake. Ferns amakula bwino m'zipinda zazithunzi komanso amakonda kuthirira pafupipafupi. Koma ngati chinyontho m'nthaka chololedwa, ndiye kuti mizu yake imatha kuvunda mwachangu.

Maluwa amoyo

Monga ferns yambiri, proplenium sichimatulutsa. Kumbuyo kwa masamba ake masamba amawoneka omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito pobereka, koma osakhala ndi mtengo wokongoletsa.

Njira yotentha

Chozizwitsa china cha ma assleniums ndikusinthasintha ndi kutentha kwa mpweya, yomwe imayikidwa m'nyumba, koma kusintha kwadzidzidzi kwa chomera cha thermophilic kumakhala kovulaza. Nthawi zambiri, ma fern amatha kukula ndikuwoneka okongola ku kutentha kuchokera +12 mpaka +22 degrees.

Asplenium imagwira modekha kukonzekera, ndipo nthawi yozizira imalimbikitsidwanso kuyiyika m'chipinda momwe kutentha kwa mpweya sikukwera pamwamba + madigiri.

Kuwaza

Phula lakunyumba limafunikira chinyezi chachikulu. M'nyengo yotentha, masamba ake amafufutidwa kamodzi pakatha masiku awiri ndi atatu, apo ayi mawanga achikasu kapena a bulauni amawoneka. Nthawi ndi nthawi, mutha kuyika mphika wamaluwa kusamba ndikuthira madzi kuchokera kusamba.

Asplenium amawoneka bwino ngati mutayika mphika wa maluwa mu thireyi momwe amayikidwapo dongo lokwanira nthawi zonse.

Kuwala

Asplenium kunyumba sayenera kukhala pamalo owala kwambiri. Mwachilengedwe, ma fern amatetezedwa ku dzuwa lowala ndi korona wa zomera ndi mitengo yayitali. Mchipindacho, kuti apange mikhalidwe yoyenera ya asslenium, ndikofunikira kuyiyika pawindo kuchokera kumpoto kapena kumpoto chakumadzulo. Malo ena aliwonse ndi oyenera pomwe padzuwa pomwepo pomwepo sikugwera masamba amomera.

Kuthirira Asplenium

Kuti fern asplenium kunyumba ikule bwino, iyenera kuthiriridwa madzi ambiri. Madzi azikhala ofewa, osakhazikika kwa masiku angapo.

Pakadali pano, kusunthira kwa madzi pachimake sikuyenera kuloledwa. M'nyengo yozizira, kuthirira kumachitika kamodzi pa sabata, kuonetsetsa kuti mtanda wa dothi suuma kwathunthu.

Mphika wa Asplenium

Mizu ya mbewuyo imadzaza msangawo mwachangu, motero iyenera kukhala yolimba, koma osati yayikulu. Pochulukitsa kwambiri, mbewuyo idzaika mphamvu zake zonse pakukonza mizu, ndipo masamba amachepetsa kukula.

Kuphatikiza apo, mu chidebe chachikulu kwambiri, mwayi wazowola mizu ukuwonjezeka.

Dothi la Asplenium

Chomera chimakonda nthaka yokhala ndi acidic, lotayirira, yolandirika bwino. M'masitolo odziwika mutha kugula magawo okonzekera kale a ferns. Ngati izi sizingatheke, ndiye kuti osakaniza akhoza kupangidwa mwaokha mwa kusakaniza mulingo wofanana wa turf ndi nthaka yamasamba, peat ndi mchenga.

Kuthira feteleza ndi kuthira fetulo

Asplenium ikufunika feteleza. Pazovala zapamwamba, nyimbo zovuta za mchere zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, zomwe zimakhala ndi potaziyamu. Manyowa ndi kuthirira kamodzi pamwezi. Pankhaniyi, ndikofunikira kuti muchepetse kuchuluka kwa ndende pakati kuchokera pazomwe zikuwonetsedwa phukusi.

Kupatsira Asplenium

Eni ake ma spleniums nthawi zambiri amawona kuti mizu ya chomera imayamba kumera kudzera m'maenje okumba kapena kutuluka kunja. Ichi ndi chizindikiro kuti fern ikufunika kumuyika mwachangu. Kubzala mbewu ndikofunikira ndipo ngati sikuchepetsa kapena kusiya zonse kukula.

Kuphatikizika kwachaka kwa mbewu zazing'ono kumachitika mu kasupe kapena nthawi yophukira. Ferns wamkulu amatha kumuika pakadutsa zaka 2-3 zilizonse.

Kudulira

Kudulira masamba a fern ndikofunikira osati kungopatsa mbewuyo mawonekedwe okongola, komanso ndikofunikira pakukula kwamphamvu ngati mphukira zazing'ono zimayamba kukula mwachangu. Ngati masamba akulu kwambiri sanachotsedwe, ndiye kuti zimayamba kukhala zovuta. Kudulira kumachitika nthawi imodzi mzaka ziwiri, kuchotsa masamba okhala ndi mpeni wakuthwa kapena secateurs m'munsi mwa chomera.

Nthawi yopumula

Nthawi yopuma mu ferns imayamba kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira ndipo imatha mpaka kumayambiriro kwa masika. Pakadali pano, mphika wamaluwa uyenera kuyikidwa m'malo ozizira kutali ndi magetsi othandizira. Ulamuliro wamadzi nawonso ukusintha. Panthawi yokhala matalala, asplenium amathiriridwa madzi osaposa 1 pa sabata, koma nthawi yomweyo, ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti mtanda wa dothi suuma kwathunthu.

Ngati patchuthi

Fern amatha kulekerera kusowa kwa kuthirira kwa masabata 1-2. Ngati tchuthi sichitali kwambiri, musanachoke pamalowo muyenera kuthiriridwa bwino, ikani pa cholembera chamadzi pomwe amathira dongo kapena njerwa. Ikani mphikawo kuti pansi pake pasayime madzi.

Kukula Asplenium kuchokera ku Spores

Mbewu za Asplenium ndi masamba omwe amapanga mkati mwa masamba. Amachotsedwa papepala ndikufesedwa panthaka yonyowa. Kuwaza pores ndi lapansi sikofunikira. Pamwamba pa beseni ndi chivundikiro chofikira ndi filimu kapena galasi. Tsiku lililonse limatseguka kuti pakhale mpweya wabwino ndipo mbande zamtsogolo zimathiridwa madzi otentha kuchokera ku botolo lothirira.

Pakatha miyezi pafupifupi 1.5, mbande zimatuluka. Zikafika kutalika kwa 2-2,5 masentimita, mbande zimafunika kudulira, kusiya masamba okhawo amphamvu. Zomera zazikulu zimabesedwa mumphika wosiyana. Njira yakukula iyi ya asslenium ndi yayitali kwambiri ndipo imafuna chisamaliro chokhazikika, chifukwa sizogwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri.

Kubwezeretsa kwa asplenium pogawa chitsamba

Asplenium imatha kufalikira mosavuta komanso mwachangu pogawa chitsamba. Chomera chachikulu chokhala ndi ana ambiri chimachotsedwa mumphika ndikugawika magawo angapo kuti chilichonse chikhale ndi malo osachepera 7-10.

Ndondomeko zomwe zili zazing'ono kwambiri sizikhala mizu bwino, kotero ndikofunikira kuti chomera chikhale cholimba, ndikuti pali malo okwanira oti mizu itha kumera mizu mwachangu. Chikhalidwe chilichonse chatsopano chimabisidwa pansi ndi masentimita 2-2,5. Ngati mbande yaikidwa m'manda kwambiri, mwina singayambe kukula ndi kufa nthawi yayitali.

Matenda ndi Tizilombo

Pakakulitsa asplenium, mavuto wamba angabuke:

• Masamba a asplenium amasandulika bulauni - osakwanira chinyezi, kuthirira pafupipafupi kumafunikira;
• nsonga zamasamba a asplenium ziume - chipindacho ndi chouma kwambiri, ndikofunikira kupopera masamba nthawi zambiri;
• Masamba a Asplenium amatsika koma osaphwa - kutentha kochepa kwambiri;
• Masamba a asplenium amatembenuka ndipo amatayika - ndikofunikira kuchotsa poto ndi chomera pamalo osinthika;
• mawanga a bulauni pamasamba a asplenium - imafunika kusintha boma lotentha, kuchotsa ma avaloamuwo kuchokera ku ma radiator, ndikukonzanso m'malo ozizira;
• mawanga a bulauni amawoneka pamasamba achikaso - izi zikuwonetsa kuti nthawi ya kuchuluka imayamba;
• adawoneka pansi pepalalo
• madontho a bulauni - malo a asplenium amasankhidwa dzuwa.

Asplenium imatha kugwidwa ndi tizirombo. Nthawi zambiri, iyi ndi kangaude mite ndi nkhanambo.

Mitundu ya nyumba ya asplenium yokhala ndi zithunzi ndi mayina

Chisa cha Asplenium (Asplenium nidus)

Epiphyte wotchuka kwambiri wamkati wamaluwa wamaluwa. Masamba ndiwotalikirapo, amakula mpaka 1.5 metres, lonse lokwanira. Dongosolo lamizu ndilamphamvu ndi mizu yambiri yosokoneza. Makhalidwe okongoletsa a mmera amathandizidwa ndi bulawuti wofiirira pakati pa tsamba lililonse.

Asplenium viviparous (Asplenium viviparum)

Masamba obiriwira akulu obiriwira otsekemera amasonkhanitsidwa pamalo ocheperako. Mphukira iliyonse imakhala ndi gawo laling'ono lotalika masentimita 1. Chomera chachikulu chimapanga masamba a m'mbali mwa masamba.

Asplenium bulbiferous (Asplenium bulbiferum)

Mawonekedwe okhala ndi machitidwe okongoletsa kwambiri. Masambawo ndiotalika mpaka masentimita 120, atapachikidwa mokongola, ndikupanga chipewa chachikulu kuzungulira mphika. Zigawo za pepala lililonse ndizofanana. Zomera zimamera mwachangu kwambiri pakubzala ndipo zimakula kwambiri.

Asplenium dimorphum (Asplenium dimorphum)

Chofala kwambiri m'nyumba zamaluwa zamaluwa. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kukongoletsa zipinda zam'magazi, komanso chokhazikitsidwa mu greenhouse ndi Conservatories. Ili ndi masamba akulu, mpaka 1 mita.