Duranta - chisamaliro chakunyumba, mitundu ya zithunzi ndi mitundu

Duranta (Duranta) - maluwa omwe amatulutsa maluwa kuchokera ku banja la Verbena. Mphukira zakuwala za chomera chobiriwira zimakhala ndi masamba obiriwira owoneka bwino okhala ndi mbali zomata. Nthambi za mitundu ina "ndizokongoletsedwa" ndi ma spikes. Durant imakula mwachangu, munthawi imodzi mphukira zimakula ndi 0.2 m.

Kuthengo, nthawi zina chitsamba chimafikira mamita 5. Mitundu yobzala kunyumba imakhala yofupikirako katatu. Kuyambira kumapeto kwa chilimwe mpaka pakati pa nthawi yophukira, maluwa otentha, omwe amagwetsa mitengo yamitundu yambiri kuchokera pamwamba pa mphukira, yomwe imakhala ndi maluwa ambiri abuluu, ofiirira kapena oyera.

Onaninso chomera cholusa ngati nsomba ya puffy.

M'malo achilengedwe, zitsamba ndizofala ku nkhalango ya India, malo otentha a Mexico. Homeland Durants - South America.

	Kukula kwapakati, kwa nyengo imodzi kukuphukira kumakula ndi 0.2 m
	Kuyambira kumapeto kwa chilimwe mpaka pakati pa nthawi yophukira, maluwa a Durant
	Chomera chomera.
	Chomera chosatha.

Duranta: chisamaliro chakunyumba. Mwachidule

Chitsamba chobiriwira panyumba chimadziwonetsera ngati chomera chopanda chopanda chofunda chomwe ngakhale munthu wopanda nzeru amatha kukula, ngati chingapangitse mbewu yabwino:

Njira yotentha	M'nyengo yozizira amasungidwa kutentha firiji, nthawi yotentha - + 23 - 25 ° C.
Chinyezi cha mpweya	Koposa avareji; nthawi zambiri kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa.
Kuwala	Kuwala kowala; kuyika kumwera kapena kumwera chakum'mawa.
Kuthirira	Kamodzi masabata awiri aliwonse; M'chilimwe - masiku atatu aliwonse.
Dothi la Mabedi	Gawo lonse la mbeu zamaluwa, zotsekedwa ndi mchenga; turti yosakanikirana ndi tsamba, peat, humus ndi perlite otengedwa muyezo womwewo.
Feteleza ndi feteleza	Mu nthawi ya masika ndi chilimwe, kamodzi pakapita masiku 14, mitundu ya zipatso zamitundu mitundu imapatsidwa njira yodzikongoletsera, ndipo imaphuka ndi yankho la maluwa, itaphatikizidwa pakati.
Kugulitsa zolimba	Tchire tating'ono - kasupe aliyense, wamkulu - aliyense zaka 3.5.
Kuswana	Zodulidwa ndi njere.
Kukula Zinthu	Mu kasupe, kudulira kumachitika. M'chilimwe, olimba amatengedwa kupita kumweya watsopano (woikidwa m'malo otetezedwa). Kukula chomera ndi chithandizo ndikudula mbali za mphukira, mutha kuchipanga ngati chitsamba chokhazikika. Pochotsa mphukira pamwambapa, mutha kupatsa chitsamba ngati mpira.

Chisamaliro chanyumba. Mwatsatanetsatane

Pokhapokha mothandizidwa ndi chisamaliro choyenera komanso ubale wabwino ndiomwe tingakwaniritse kuti olimba kunyumba chaka chilichonse amasangalala ndi maluwa opaka bwino.

Maluwa olimba

Mu theka lachiwiri la Marichi, mbewuyo imaphuka. Kutalika kwa maluwa olimba, malinga ndi momwe amasungidwira, ndi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Maluwa amakhala ndi miyala isanu. Amawoneka pa nsonga za mphukira zazing'ono. Mitundu yawo imayambira yoyera, ya lilac, yabuluu mpaka yobiriwira komanso yamtambo.

Pali zoyerekeza zakuda zomwe zimakhala ndi makulidwe osiyana. Maluwa okhazikika amawunjikana m'mabisiketi owala. M'malo mwawo mutatha kupukutidwa, mawonekedwe a malalanje. Mitundu ina ya mbewu nthawi imeneyi imakhala ndi fungo labwino la chikumbutso cha vanila kapena iris.

Njira yotentha

Duranta ndi chomera cha thermophilic. Ndikofunikira kuti mbewu zabwino zizisamalira kutentha. Mtengowo umapatsidwa nthawi yozizira pang'ono pa kutentha kosaposa + 18 ° C. Chitsamba chitha kuloleza kutsika mpaka + 12 ° C, koma sikofunikira kuti mwadala musinthe pang'ono pang'onopang'ono komanso kuzizira kwadzidzidzi.

M'nyengo yotentha, nyumba yolimba imakhala yabwino kwambiri ngati kutentha kwa mkati mwa + 25 ° C. Ngati kwatentha, chitsamba chimataya masamba.

M'masiku otentha a chilimwe ndi nthawi yotentha, mbewuyo imatengedwa kunja, koma imasiyidwa pamalo otetezedwa.

Kuwaza

Chomera cholimba cham'malo otentha panyumba chimakonda chinyezi chokwanira kupitilirapo. Kuti mukhale chinyezi pamlingo woyenera, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kumachitika nthawi zonse. M'chilimwe komanso masiku otentha, njirayi imachitika nthawi zambiri, nthawi yozizira komanso nthawi yozizira - nthawi zambiri.

Chitsamba chimakonzedwa ndi sopo wosangalatsa, pambuyo pake chizikhala mukusamba pomwe madzi akukhetsa. Pambuyo pakusamba ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa, olimba amatsitsidwa ndi dzuwa kuti pasathenso kuwotchedwa. Gwiritsani ntchito zochitira zanyumba. Miphika yokhala ndi chomera chomwe chimakhazikitsidwa pa pallet yokhala ndi miyala yonyowa. Pafupi naye anayika zotengera zamadzi zotseguka.

Kuwala

Kwa chitsamba chotentha, kuyatsa ndikofunikira kwambiri. Kusunga chomera ngati kuwala kosayatsidwa kumayikidwa posamalira dura. Kunyumba Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuyika mphika ndi chitsamba kum'mwera kapena kumwera chakum'mawa kwa nyumbayo. Apa, kuwala kowala kumawunikira mbewuyo kwa maola angapo.

Nthambi za chitsamba zidzakhala zamphamvu komanso zathanzi, komanso zamaluwa - zotuwa. Mukayika chitsamba pamalo otetezeka kapena kumpoto kwa chipindacho, chimakana kutulutsa, ndipo mphukira zimatambalala ndikuonda.

Mitundu yamitundu mitundu yolimba kwambiri imakhudzidwa ndi kuwunikira kwakukulu: kukakhala kuwala, kumangosintha wobiriwira.

Zaukhondo

Kuti mbewu ikule komanso ikhale yathanzi, ukhondo uyenera kulemekezedwa. Dothi limakutidwa mwachilungamo ndi filimu, ndipo masamba amasambitsidwa bwino pang'onopang'ono pansi pa sopo yofunda (kutentha kwa madzi sikuyenera kupitirira 25 - 30 ° C).

Kuti masamba awonekere bwino ndipo mbewuyo singakhudzidwe ndi tizirombo, nthawi ndi nthawi anakonza kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi kulowetsedwa kwa anyezi mankhusu. Kuti akonze njira yothetsera vutoli, mankhusu a anyezi amaikidwa mwamphamvu mumtsuko, amathiriridwa ndi madzi otentha ndikuumirizidwa kwa masiku awiri.

Kutsirira Madzi

Durant ndi chomera cha hybrophilous. Kuyambira kuyambira kasupe ndi nthawi yotentha, kuthirira kwa olimba ayenera kukhala ochulukirapo ndikuchitika pafupifupi masiku atatu aliwonse. M'nyengo yozizira, ndikofunikira kupewa kuti nthaka isayime. Mbewuyi imamwetsedwa masiku 14 aliwonse. Kuthirira kwam nthaka kungapangitse kuti mizu yake ikhale yolimba, ndipo kuchepa kwa chinyezi kungayambitse masamba. Pothilira madzi ofunda, khalani madzi.

Kuti gawo lapansi likhalebe chinyezi, musaiwale za mulching. Monga mulch, sphagnum, coconut substrate, spruce bark imagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Miphika Yopangira Zakudya

Muyenera kusankha mphika woyenera kwa okhazikika. Kusankha kutengera mtundu wa mbewu. Kupanga toyesa tosiyanasiyana kukhala omasuka komanso masamba ake kukhala otsekemera komanso osalala, amasankhira mphika wophika.

Mitundu yamaluwa imakulidwa mumtsuko wopanikiza. Kuthamanga kumapangitsa kuti pakhale pachimake pa olimba.

Dothi

Ziphuphu zimafunikira dothi lotayirira komanso lopatsa thanzi ndi acidity yachilendo. Mutha kukonzekera gawo lapansi nokha, mutenga masamba ofanana, humus, mchenga, ntchentche ndi peat.

Mu shopu yamaluwa mutha kugula zosakaniza za dothi lonse lapansi pazomera zamaluwa. Vermiculite, tchipisi ta njerwa, mipira ya perlite kapena chithovu zimawonjezeredwa m'nthaka kuti kuwonjezera kukulira.

Feteleza ndi feteleza

Kwa olimba, kuvala pamwamba ndi feteleza ndizofunikira kwambiri pakumera komwe kumagwira ntchito. Mitundu yamitundu yosiyanasiyana imayenera kupeza nayitrogeni ambiri kuposa zomerazo zomwe zimakhala ndi masamba obiriwira. Amagwiritsa ntchito feteleza wachilengedwe pazodzikongoletsera - mbewu zowola. Mitundu yamaluwa yolimba iyenera kulandira potaziyamu yambiri ndi phosphorous.

Kuti muwadyetse, sankhani feteleza wapadziko lonse lapansi wa maluwa. Feteleza zonse ziyenera kuchepetsedwa ndikugwiritsira ntchito kuthirira kamodzi pakatha masiku 14. M'dzinja, kuchuluka kwa mavalidwe apamwamba kumachepetsedwa pang'onopang'ono, ndipo nthawi yozizira imathetsedwa. Mukatha kudyetsa, olimba amakumana ndi zovuta kwambiri, motero ayenera kukhala owonekera kwa masiku 2 - 3.

Thirani

Mutagula, mbewuyo imayikidwa mu dothi lopatsa thanzi komanso lotayirira. Tchire tating'onoting'ono timabzala chaka chilichonse, nthawi yamasika. Wokokomeza cholimba chokomera mumachitika zaka 3.5 zilizonse, mizu yake ikadzaza kwathunthu.

Ngati chitsamba chokhwima chikuvuta kuuchotsa, chimadutsa kapena kungotsitsimutsa gawo loyambira. Poika mbewu, sinthani mphikayo ndi yatsopano, wokhala ndi mainchesi akuluakulu. Nthaka imapangidwa kuti ikhale yopanda chonde, yosanjikiza madziwo imakulitsidwa.

Momwe mungabzalire kulimba

Kupatsa chisoti cha chitsamba chofunikira ndi kuchotsa mphukira zowonongeka, kudulira kwamasika kumachitika. Pogwiritsa ntchito secateurs, nthambi zazitali ndi zowonongeka zimadulidwa, zimafupikitsidwa kutalika komwe mukufuna. Mphukira zouma zimachotsedwa nthawi zonse kuti chitsamba chiwoneke bwino. M'chilimwe, kuti muthane ndi mapangidwe ofananira nawo mphukira, kutsina nthambi zamtchire. Durant amawona njirayi bwino, ndikuchitapo kanthu mwachangu.

Kudulira kumachitika ndi magolovesi, osayiwala kuti mbewuzo ndi zakupha.

Nthawi yopumula

Duranta imatha kuphuka chaka chonse ngati madzi ambiri, ndipo chipindacho chimakhala chopepuka komanso chofunda. Koma kudikira nthawi yayitali kumatha mphamvu mphamvu ya duwa. Kuti izi zitheke, nthawi yozizira amafunika nthawi yopuma. Mu nthawi yophukira, amayamba kutsika kutentha ndikukonza nthawi yozizira amabweretsedwa + 18 ° C.

Kutsirira kumachepetsedwa kamodzi pakatha milungu iwiri iliyonse. Mavalidwe apamwamba amayimitsidwa. Koma kuyatsa kumayenera kukhala kwabwino. Kuwala kowala ndikofunika kwambiri pamitundu yazomera. Kuchokera pamenepo, masamba adzakhala wandiweyani komanso wowala. M'nyengo yozizira, nthawi ya usana ikakhala yochepa, kuchepa kwa kuwala kumalipiriridwa ndi kuwala kwa m'mbuyo.

Kubala olimba

Kubwezeretsa olimba kunyumba kumachitika ndi kudula kapena kukulira nthangala.

Pofalitsa olimba ndi odulidwa

Tengani chidutswa cha mphukira wazaka zapakati. Amasiyanitsidwa ndi chitsamba chouma ndi kupukuta. Kuti muthandizire kuzika kwamizu, nsonga ya mphukira imakonkhedwa ndi chowonjezera muzu. Mizu imachitika mu "greenhouse" yokonzedwa mwapadera - botolo la pulasitiki lodulidwa kapena chidebe chosakanizika ndi mchenga. Mphukira imabzalidwa m'nthaka yonyowa; chivundikiro ndikuyika chipinda chofunda komanso choyatsa. Ventil the greenhouse ndikunyowetsa nthaka tsiku lililonse.

Kukula Zinthu Zanthete

Njira yopweteka kwambiri komanso yayitali. Mbewu zobzidwa mosabisa mu "wowonjezera kutentha" ndi dothi lonyowa ndikuyika malo otentha, owala. Kuwombera kumawonekera patsiku la 45-60. Pambuyo pakuwonekera masamba atatu enieni, mbande zimasunthidwa mumphika wokhala ndi dothi lapadziko lonse.

Njira yosavuta yoberekera okhazikika ndi odulidwa, omwe amalimbikitsidwa kumayambiriro kwa nthawi yophukira, chifukwa chodzala mbewu, chiyambi cha masika ndi chabwino.

Matenda ndi Tizilombo

Kusamala kosayenera kwa mankhwala opatsirana m'mthupi kumayipa chifukwa cha matenda, ndipo tizirombo timakonda chomera chofooka. Mavuto azaumoyo amawonekera kwambiri ngati maonekedwe olimba:

Masamba otentha amakhala ochepa - kusowa kwa kuwala (kukonzanso m'malo opepuka kapena kuyatsa ma phytolamp);
malekezero a masamba awuma - kuchepa kwa chinyezi (nthawi zambiri kumamwetsa);
nsonga za masamba ndizokhota - kusowa kwa kuthirira kapena kuwuma kwambiri kwa mpweya (kuwonjezera mphamvu yothirira; kupopera);
Masamba obiriwira amatembenuka - kuperewera kwa chakudya (manyowa nthaka);
Durant satulutsa maluwa - kusowa kwa nthawi yopumulira kapena kuyatsa (kupereka nyengo yozizira kapena kukonza m'malo owala);
Kutaya masamba - chodabwitsa chizolowezi m'dzinja - nyengo yozizira. Nthawi zina, zimawonetsa kusowa kwa kuwala kapena kuthira feteleza (kukonzanso pamalo owala kapena manyowa);
Masamba ayamba kuda - Kuwala kwambiri (mthunzi kapena kukonzanso m'malo owala pang'ono);
Mizu yolimba imawola - kuthirira kwamadzi (sinthani dothi, muchepetse kuthirira).

Nthawi zambiri chomera chimakhudzidwa ndi nkhanu, kangaude, mbewa, nsabwe.

Mitundu ya ogulitsa nyumba okhala ndi zithunzi ndi mayina

Zosiyanasiyana zamtundu wakunyumba zimasiyana mosiyana ndi zina paulemerero, mphamvu ndi mithunzi yama inflorescence, komanso kuwala kwamasamba. Pali mitundu pafupifupi 20 ya olimba, ena a iwo ndi otchuka kwambiri.

Durant Plumier, kapena khoma (Duranta plumieri, D. Erecta)

Mtundu wofala kwambiri. Tchire lalitali ndi masamba obiriwira obiriwira. Kutalika kwa tsamba lamasamba kumakhala pafupifupi masentimita 8. Masamba ali ndi mawonekedwe owundana ndi mbali zopindika. Ma inflorescence opepuka amtundu wabuluu kapena wotumbululuka amatengedwa burashi.

Mitundu yotchuka yowongoka kwambiri

Mitundu yodziwika bwino yamtunduwu ndi iyi:

Golide wa ku Cuba

Mtengo wokhala ndi masamba owoneka bwino. Mbalezozo ndi utoto wachikasu. Masamba amasuntha padzuwa.

Golide Wagolide

Shrub ndi masamba owala masamba. Gawo lapakati pa tsamba ndilobiriwira, malire ndi chikasu chowala.

Kuponya mandimu

Masamba ovekedwa ndi utoto wapakatikati. Mng'oma umachokera ku ndimu kuwala mpaka chikaso. Mphepete mwa tsamba ndilobiriwira bwino.

Little geisha (Msungwana wa Geisha)

Mtengo wawung'ono wokhala ndi inflorescence yowala kwambiri. Pakati pa maluwawo ndi oyera ngati chipale, m'mphepete mwake ndi.

Duranta Lorentz, kapena Pilato-leaved (Duranta Lorentzii)

Mtengo wokwera mita imodzi ndi theka kutalika kwake ndi mitengo yamiyendo ndi mphukira. Masamba amakhala ozungulira ndi malangizowo komanso m'mphepete mwake. Maluwa a maluwa amasiyanasiyana ndi oyera-oyera mpaka ofiira.

Duranta akubweza

Kachitsamba kakang'ono ndi masamba ang'ono. Ma inflorescence ndi ofiirira omwe amakhala ndi utoto wabuluu komanso maso amarisece. Mphepete ndi zoyera.

Duranta - chosasangalatsa chosakanizira, choyenera kukonza nyumbayo ndi m'mundamo. Ndi chisamaliro choyenera, mbewuyo imakondwera ndi maluwa opusa, komanso masamba okoma komanso osazolowereka. Mitundu ina ili ndi fungo lapadera. Wofukula aliyense adzayamika chitsamba.