Ciperus - chisamaliro chakunyumba ndi kubereka

Ciperus ndi duwa wokhala ndi mayina ambiri, mwachitsanzo, amatchedwa syt, gumbwa, russet, kanjedza, udzu wa venus. Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake enieni, chomerachi nthawi zambiri chimamera m'malo aofesi, chimakongoletsa malo ogulitsa, masukulu ndi kindergartens. Izi sizangozi, chomera chimatsuka modabwitsa ndikuthira mpweya. Amakondedwa ndi okonda maluwa chifukwa chokopa komanso ntchito zofunikira. Ndizokongoletsera zenizeni za ma verandas ndi khonde, kuwonjezera apo, ndizotetezeka kwa ana ndi ziweto.

Kodi mitengo ya kanjedza ya cyperus kapena yokhala ngati chithaphwi imawoneka bwanji

Tsiperus ndi a banja la a Osokov. Kuthengo, imatha kukula mpaka 5 m kutalika, imakhala ndi nkhungu, yowuma, korona ndi mitundu yosagonjetseka m'mphepete mwa nyanja, mitsinje ndi madambo. Mukakulitsa mbewu kunyumba, simuyenera kuyembekezera zotere. Imakula mpaka 1 m, koma imawoneka yochititsa chidwi nthawi imodzi.

Tsiperus mkati mwanyumba

Makhalidwe ake akuluakulu:

• Muzu wautali, wokwawa womwe uli pansi panthaka. Kutengera mtundu wa chomera, mtundu wa mizu ungasiyane pang'ono, izi ziyenera kukumbukiridwa posankha dothi;
• zimayambira zazitali zamtundu wowala wobiriwira, ukalamba ndi kufa nthawi. Amasinthidwa mwachangu ndi achinyamata;
• maluwa obiriwira omwe amakhala ndi masamba opyapyala ali pamwamba pa zimayambira;
• masamba amasiyanasiyana m'litali, ndi oonda, amaloza kumapeto;
• kumtunda kuli ngati ambulera;
• Mtundu wa masamba amatha kusiyanasiyana ndi zobiriwira zakuda mpaka zobiriwira zowala. Mitundu ina imakhala ndi masamba amitundu yosiyanasiyana, nthawi zina imakhala ndi mawanga oyera kapena abulauni;
• Maluwa ndi ochepa, osawerengeka, amakhala mu rosette kapena imodzi.

Mitundu wamba

Tsiperus ya mtundu wamtundu wa mitundu 600 yazomera zomwe zimamera padziko lapansi. Komabe, olima m'nyumba omwe akuchita ntchito yolima ochepa aiwo. Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri yamaluwa a mkati mwa cyperus ndi Papyrus, Helmer, Zumula, ndi Cypress.

Cyperus Papyrus

Tsiperus Papyrus ndi imodzi mwazomera zakale zamtunduwu. Ili ndi dzina lake chifukwa chakuti ku Egypt wakale amapanga gumbwa, zikopa, mabasiketi opukutira, ma rug, komanso amapanga mabwato. Imapezeka nthawi zambiri kuthengo (ku Ethiopia ndi Egypt).

Monga maluwa, nyumba zamtunduwu zimatha kukumana kawirikawiri, chifukwa zimatha kukula zazikulu (mpaka 3 m kutalika). Kulima kwake nthawi zambiri kumachitika mu greenh m'nyumba.

Zosiyanazo zimasiyanitsidwa ndi phesi lolimba, pomwe pamwamba pake pali chiphalaphala cha masamba ataliitali, opindika. Masamba obisika amawonekera pamunsi pamasamba. Maluwa ndi osaneneka.

Cyperus Helfer

Kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa Kupro Helfer ndikuti limakula m'madzi (poyerekeza ndi ena). Imakula osaposa theka la mita. Cyperusyi imamera m'madziwe kapena m'madzi. Amathilira dothi lambiri acid ndi pH pafupifupi 5-6.

Kalasi Yothandizira

Tsiperus Zumula

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana yaypyp Zulmur ndi yakunja ikufanana ndi Helfer, koma imakula mumphika. Kwa iye, nthaka yonyowa nthawi zonse yokhala ndi acidity yofunikira ndiyofunikira. Imakula bwino pambewu. Chifukwa cha kusasinthasintha, imawoneka yochititsa chidwi kwambiri.

Kupro

Mtunduwu ndiwotchuka kwambiri pakati pa alimi. Mwachilengedwe, malo ake akuluakulu ndi Madagascar. Tsiperus Zumula, wamkulu kunyumba, ali ndi izi:

• osatha. Ndi chisamaliro choyenera komanso kudulira koyenera kwa zitsamba zakale, itha kutumiza mwiniwake mosapumira;
• imafika kutalika kwa 1.5 m;
• phesi lakuthwa ndi ambulera;
• Masamba ndi ochepa komanso owonda. Kutalika kwawo kumafika 25 cm;
• maluwa ang'onoang'ono mawonekedwe a panicles, amawonekera pamunsi pamasamba.

Cyperus alternatifolia (ambulera)

Mwachidule za mbiri yakuwonekera

Amakhulupirira kuti komwe kunayambira cyperus ndi Madagascar komanso malo otentha aku Africa. Zomera zina zamkati zimachokera kumalo amodzi: cissus, cyclamen. Chifukwa cha kukonda kwawo mitsinje ndi magwero ena amadzi, komanso dothi lonyowa kwambiri ku Egypt, chomera cha cyperus chimatchedwa "mphatso yamtsinje." Amakula m'maiko ena, mwachitsanzo, ku USA m'mphepete mwa matupi amadzi, pomwe amapanga nkhokwe zenizeni zomwe ndi kosatheka kudutsamo. M'mayiko aku Europe ndi Russia, adawonekera m'zaka za XVIII. Tsiperus inakhala chomera chokha kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la makumi awiri. Udzu wa Venus udayamba kutchuka mosadabwitsa, chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake okongola komanso kusazindikira kwenikweni.

Whale kuthengo

Momwe mungasamalire cyberus kunyumba

Kukula izi ndi kusamalira cyperus sikovuta. Munthu amangodziwa malamulo ena oyamba, kutsatira komwe ngakhale woyamba sangakwanitse.

Kutentha

M'chilimwe, kutentha kwa chipinda pafupifupi 20-25 ° C ndi koyenera kwa mbewu. Ngati kwayamba kutentha m'chipinda kapena khonde, mumangofunika kupopera mankhwalawa (popewa kutentha kwa dzuwa). Ndikwabwino ngati nkotheka kuyika mphika wamaluwa mu mpweya wabwino kuti uzikhala ndi mpweya wabwino. Zikhala zothandiza kwa iye. M'nyengo yozizira, ndibwino kuti muchepetse kutentha pansipa 15 ° C. Ndikofunikanso kupewa kukonzekera ndikuchichotsa pawindo panthawi yopumira.

Kuwala

Malo otentha kwambiri ndi maluwa ayenera kupewedwa. Ndibwino ngati ndi mthunzi / pang'ono. Ndikofunika kuyiyika pafupi ndi aquarium kapena dziwe lina. Komabe, sikuyenera kuyikulitsa mumdima wathunthu. Ngati mungayang'anire pazenera, ndiye kuti njira yabwino ndiyo mbali ya kummawa kapena kumadzulo. M'chilimwe, ndibwino kuwonjezera nthawi yayitali masana a cyperus, kotero kuti imapereka mphukira zatsopano ndikuwonjezera kukula kwake. M'nyengo yozizira, mutha kuwonjezera maola masana ndi nyali yapadera.

Kuthirira

Popeza cyperusse imamera zachilengedwe m'malo otentha, otentha kwambiri, zikuwonekeratu kuti kunyumba, kumafuna chinyezi chambiri. Ngati sikokwanira, masamba ndi thunthu zimasanduka chikaso nthawi yomweyo, ziume, ndipo chomera chikhoza kufa. Sikufunika kuopa kuwola kwa mizu, muyenera kungokumbukira kuti nthaka yake iyenera kukhala yonyowa nthawi zonse. Kutsirira kuyenera kuchitika tsiku lililonse. Mutha kuthira madzi mu poto, koma ayenera kukhala akuya kwambiri. M'nyengo yozizira, mutha kuthirira nthawi zambiri, komabe muziyang'anira chinyontho m'nthaka.

Kuwaza

Kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa mu chirimwe kumachitika nthawi zonse ndi madzi otentha chipinda. Osamachita izi masana dzuwa lowala litawala, apo ayi mbewuyo itha kuwotchedwa. M'nyengo yozizira, muyenera kumwaza mbewu nthawi zambiri, kamodzi pa sabata ndikokwanira.

Chinyezi

Chinyezi chachikulu ndi gawo labwino kwa cyperus. Amakhala womasuka ngakhale 75% chinyezi. Koma sizomera zonse zamkati zomwe zimatha kukhala mwanjira zotere, chifukwa chake, maluwa omwe ali pafupi ayenera kuyandikiridwa makamaka mosamala. Mulingo wonyowa umaperekedwa mosavuta ndi wamba humidifier kapena atomizer.

Mutha kukhazikitsanso maluwa posamba. Ndondomeko yake ndi kukoma kwake. Osayiyika pafupi ndi mabatire, chifukwa amakhetsa mpweya kwambiri.

Dothi

Maluwa safunikira kwambiri pakumangidwe ndi zakudya za nthaka. Mutha kudzipanga nokha kuchokera ku peat, turf, humus ndi mchenga (1: 1: 1: 1). Ndikwabwino ngati nkotheka kuwonjezera udzu wowuma wamadzimadzi ndi kutsitsa kwa mtsinjewo. Izi zikuwonetsetsa kuti mpweya uzikhala ndi mpweya komanso kupewa chinyezi chambiri. Pamwamba pa zinthuzi, mutha kuyika dothi lamchenga kapena dongo lotukulidwa. Yabwino komanso kugula nthaka ya hygrophilous mbewu yotsika acidity.

Mavalidwe apamwamba

Nthawi yamasamba a cyperus imatha kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa kasupe mpaka kumayambiriro kwa nthawi yophukira. Pakadali pano, mbewuyi imakonda kudyetsa. Ma feteleza apadera ogulidwa kwa zinthu zopanda maluwa ndi abwino. Kuvala kwapamwamba kumayenera kuchitika katatu pamwezi. Ngati nthawi yozizira kukula sikukula, ndiye kuti mbewuyo imapitilizabe kudyetsa, koma zosakwana kamodzi pamwezi. Ngati chomera chalowa nthawi yayitali (chomwe sichisowa), ndiye kuti sichikufunika kuvala pamwamba.

Kodi limamasuka liti komanso motani

Swamp kanjedza - chomera chamaluwa chamaluwa chamaluwa chambiri. Koma maluwa ndi osaneneka, samapereka kukongola kambiri, mbewuyo sikakulitsidwa chifukwa cha iwo, koma chifukwa cha masamba okongoletsa. Mithunzi yamaluwa: Mtundu wobiriwira, bulauni, beige.

Kukula kwa cyperus

Mitundu ya maluwa

Maluwa obzala sawoneka bwino, amatha kukhala pawokha kapena nthawi zambiri amapanga inflorescence a rosette. Samapereka zokongoletsera zapadera ku mbewu. Maluwa amakhala amodzimodzi, opukutidwa ndi mphepo, motero alibe perianth.

Maonekedwe a maluwa

Maonekedwe a maluwa ndi ang'onoang'ono spikelets, makamaka kuphatikiza zonse pamodzi. Pambuyo maluwa, zipatso zofiirira zimapangidwa ngati bokosi kapena, khutu.

Nthawi ya maluwa

Maluwa nthawi zambiri amapezeka mu June-Julayi, koma mitundu ina yamaluwa imayambira koyambirira kwa chilimwe mpaka pakati pa Seputembara.

Zosintha pakusamalira maluwa

Munthawi yamaluwa a cyperus, kuvala pamwamba kumayenera kuchitika kangapo, koma muyenera kuti vutoli lisakhale lokhazikika. Ndikofunikanso kuuchotsa ku dzuwa mwachindunji, koma osakuta.

Kudulira

Kudulira pafupipafupi sikulimbikitsidwa chomera ichi, chifukwa chithandizira pang'onopang'ono kukula kwake. Masamba okha omwe adayamba kudwala kapena omwe akufuna kale akuwafuna.

Kubwezeretsa kwa Kupro

Tsiperus imatha kuchulukana mosiyanasiyana: mbewu, kudula, ma rosette, kugwiritsa ntchito tuber kapena kugawa chitsamba. Kusankhako kumadalira kuthekera kwa wobzala, luso lake ndi kupezeka kwa zinthu zofunika kubzala.

Kumera kwa mbeu

Chifukwa chiyani kuli kofunikira kudziwa momwe mungafalitsire cyperus ndi mbewu? Chifukwa njirayi nthawi zambiri imakhala yokhayo kwa omwe akufuna kulima maluwa achilendoyi kwa nthawi yoyamba. Koma iyi ndiye njira yovuta kwambiri. Choyamba muyenera kuthira mbewu ndi yofooka yankho la potaziyamu permanganate, ndiye youma. Mu chidebe chonyowa peat ndi mchenga (zofanana) ikani njere osazikulitsa. Pamwamba ndi filimu kapenagalasi, ikani malo otentha, owunikira bwino, nthawi ndi nthawi mumanyowa kuchokera pa mfuti ya spray ndi mpweya. Mutha kumuyika kokha mutawonekera 4-5 masamba awa.

Kumera kwa mbeu

Mizu yodula

Zodulidwa zitha kupangidwa mchaka mwa kudula pamwamba pa chomera pansi pa whorl node yomaliza. Chepetsa pepala lililonse, kusiya gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a kutalika. Ikani ma sheet mumtsuko wokhala ndi mchenga wonyowa ndikuwayika pamalo otentha ndi kuyatsa kwabwino. Mwinanso, phesiyo idzafa, koma mphukira zazing'ono zidzaonekera. Patatha mwezi umodzi kumera zitsamba zatsopano, zitha kuziika mumphika wina.

Masamba ophika

Mu cyperus wamkulu, zigawo zowola zimakhazikika, zatsopano zomwe zimatha kudulidwa ndikuziyika. Iyenera kuyikidwa mumchenga wofunda, wonyowa ndikuwapanikiza ndi china chosalemera. Mbewu ikakhala ndi mizu yatsopano, njirazo zimatha kuikidwa kukhala gawo laling'onoting'ono za mbewu zachikulire.

Kufalitsa kwa Tuber

Poika mbewu yachikulire, mbali ya tubers imatha kupatukana ndikuzika mizu. Adzazika nthawi yomweyo. Izi zithandizanso kukonzanso chomera cha mayi.

Kugawanitsa

Poika mbewu yachikale, mutha kudulanso gawo la chitsamba ndi mpeni wakuthwa, wosadetsedwa bwino. Malo omwe amachepetsa amayenera kuthandizidwa ndi makala ophwanyika. Tchuthi zatsopano zibzalidwe mu gawo loyenerera cyperus, kuthiriridwa madzi ambiri ndikusungidwa pamalo otentha, owala.

Thirani

Mtengowo ungathe kuuyika nthawi ina iliyonse pachaka, popeza cyperusi kwenikweni sadziwa nthawi yopuma. Nthawi zambiri, amazidulira pomwe dothi limacheperachepera kapena kukula mbika. Koma kuti tisunge zokongoletsera komanso kukula kwachangu ndi chitukuko cha mbewu, ndibwino kuti muzitha kuzilimbitsa chaka chilichonse. Poika mbewu, muyenera kusankha mphika womwe ukulu wake ndi wokulirapo pang'ono kuposa woyamba. Ngati pali mizu yowonongeka, imayenera kuchotsedwa.

Mavuto omwe angakhalepo pakukula

Ngakhale kuti chiphuphu chimakhala chodzikongoletsa, chingathe kukopa chidwi chake chakunja. Izi nthawi zambiri zimachitika chifukwa chosasamala kapena kuwonetsa matenda ena. Izi ziyenera kuyang'aniridwa mosamala kuti mbewuyo isafe.

Masamba a Cypro ndi ofewa komanso otuwa.

Izi zikusonyeza kuti cyperus imamera m'malo opanda vuto chifukwa: kutentha kochepa, kukhazikika m'mapalleti, madzi owunduka, madzi, mpweya wouma kwambiri kapena kuwotcha kwa dzuwa. Mukamachotsa mavutowa, mbewuyo imakhalanso ndi moyo, komabe, zimayambira zowonongeka ziyenera kudulidwamo.

Masamba amatembenuka

Mwambiri, vutoli lidawonekera chifukwa cha kuwunika kosakwanira. M'nyengo yozizira, kuwunikira kowonjezereka ndikofunikira ndi magetsi apadera omwe amawala, koma osawotha. M'chilimwe, ndikofunikira kusunthira duwa kumalo owoneka bwino.

Malangizo a masamba awuma, asandulika bulauni

Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha mpweya wouma kwambiri wamkati. Mukumbukire nthawi zonse kuti ndikofunikira kupopera mankhwala ngati awa nthawi zonse. Ma humidifera ndi mabatire ofunda okhala ndi thaulo lonyowa kumathandiza (koma ndibwino kuchotsa maluwa kutali ndi mabatire). Mulimonsemo, chinyezi chimayenera kudzutsidwa mwachangu.

Kuwaza mizu

Zomwe zimachitika nthawi zambiri zimakhala zotsika kwambiri komanso madzi ozizira kwambiri poto. Njira yotumizira ndikusinthira mbewu pamalo otentha. Muyeneranso kuchotsa mumphika ndikuwunikira mizu yake mosamala.Ngati afewetsa ndikusandulika bulauni, duwa silingapulumutsidwe. Ngati pali mizu yathanzi, muyenera kudula kaye ndikusintha zina ndi zina ndikusintha mu dothi latsopano ndi poto. Zomera ziyenera kuthiriridwa ndikuwonjezeredwa ndi fungosis iliyonse, mwachitsanzo, phytosporin. Izi zidzamuthandiza kuchira.

Tsiperus ndi chomera chokongola kwambiri, chopanda chidwi ndipo sichifunikira kumangidwa. Amakhulupirira kuti si zokongoletsera zokha kunyumba, komanso zimathanso kuyeretsa pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zoyipa, komanso zimathandizira kupukutira mpweya. Zomera ndizoyenera kubzala m'nyumba iliyonse.