Ambiri wamaluwa akufunsa: momwe kubzala cactus? Ndipo izi sizosadabwitsa, chifukwa palibe amene akufuna kupaka zala zawo paminga lakuthwa. Inde, ndi nkhadze payokha, ngakhale ndiyabwino zipatso, komabe, chifukwa chosagwirizana ndi malamulo obzala, imatha kuvunda. Chifukwa chake, tionanso momwe tingabzalire cacti kuti tisadzivulaze ifeyo ndi chomeracho.
Kusankhidwa kwa dothi ndi kuthekera kwakubzala
Kuti nkhokwezi zikule bwino, ayenera kusankha nthaka yoyenera. Iyenera kukhala ndi zakudya zofunikira, komanso osaloleza chinyezi ndi mpweya wambiri.
Pali mitundu yambiri ya cacti
Mphika uyenera kupitilira kukula kwa mbewu yokha. Chotungira chitha kupangidwa ndi chilichonse. Mtundu wa mphikawo ndibwino kusankha kuwala, kuti mizu ya chomera isatenthe.
Zofunikira Zidothi
Gawo lokonzedwa lopangidwa lokonzeka kugulika. Iyenera kukhala ndi mchenga wamtsinje, tchipisi ta njerwa, peat, humus kuchokera masamba ndi turf, komanso michere ina.
Mutha kukonzekera dothi kuti mudzilime nokha. Kuti muchite izi, sakanizani m'magawo ofanana:
- mchenga wosambitsidwa, womwe umakhala ndi 1 kapena 2 mm;
- nthaka yopanda zing'onozing'ono;
- humus.
Kupeza sing'anga yaying'ono, peat imawonjezeredwa.
Zofunika! Amatengedwa pawiri kuposa nthaka.
Kulima mbewu
Ku dziko lathu, ogulitsa amabweretsa kuchokera ku Holland mitundu yokha ya cacti, chifukwa chaichi sichinthu chophweka kupeza buku lomwe mukufuna. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kuphunzira zambiri zamomwe mungakulitsire nkhokwe kuchokera ku mbewu kunyumba, ndikuyamba kufesa.
Kukula cacti kuchokera kumbewu kumapangitsa kuti mukhale ndi mawonekedwe omwe mumakonda. Kuti muchite izi, mutha kutembenukira kwa alimi odziwika a cactus kapena kuyitanitsa mbewu kuchokera kunja.
Kusankha chida
Musanayambe kulima cacti kuchokera kumbewu, muyenera kukonzekera zonse zofunika kuti:
- nthaka yodzala;
- yankho la potaziyamu permanganate, yomwe imaphatikizidwa ndi utoto wakuda;
- kuthekera kufesa, kukula 10x10 cm;
- polyethylene kapena galasi;
- zilembo zomwe mutha kuwonetsa mtundu wa mbewuyo.
Kusankha kwamphamvu
Pofesa mbewu, makapu apulasitiki okhala ndi kutalika pafupifupi masentimita 7. Ndi mabowo ambiri oyikapo pansi amapangidwira ndikuyika pallet.
Kenako timabowo timapangidwa ndipo timabzala. Ngati ndi kotheka, zilembedwe zokhala ndi dzina la mitunduyo zimakunguliridwa mbali iliyonse ya mzere uliwonse.
Zosankha zadothi
Kuti mubzale mbewu, muyenera kusankha dothi labwino. Iyenera kukhala yovomerezeka, komanso kukhala ndi michere yambiri. Ndi kusapezeka kwawo munthaka komwe kumapangitsa kuti mizu ipangidwe.
Pali zosankha zingapo dothi zomwe zingakhale zabwino kumera mbeu:
- Malo ochokera pamasamba owola amasakanikirana ndi mchenga wowuma, komanso gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu amowa.
- Mchenga wamtsinje, tsamba humus ndi peat lapansi.
Ndikofunikira kwambiri kufesa mbewu m'nthaka momwe cacti ikhala mtsogolo.
Mbewu zakonzedwa kuti zibzalidwe
Dothi lodzala mbewu liyenera kuthilitsidwa. Kuti muchite izi, sonkhanitsani poto wamadzi ndikuyika pamoto. Colander imayikidwa pamwamba, pansi pomwe nsalu imatambasulidwa ndikuthira dothi. Onse chivundikiro ndi kuwira kwa mphindi 30. Madziwo atakhazikika, colander imatha kuchotsedwa.
Zofunika! Samizani nthaka osachepera masiku 10 musanabzale. Ndi munthawi imeneyi kuti microflora yopindulitsa imasinthidwa m'nthaka.
Muyenera kupha tizilomboto tokha. Amayikidwa mu yankho la potaziyamu permanganate kuyambira maola 10 mpaka 15.
Momwe mungabyalare nkhadze ndi ana
Kubzala ana a cactus ndichinthu chophweka ngati mphukira yapanga kale mizu. Tizilombo titha kutayidwa kuchokera mumtengowo pomwe tafika kale masentimita 1.5.
Ana atayamba kuphulika, mizu yake imafunika kudikirira pang'ono kufikira itakula. Kenako zimatha kutengedwa ndi kubzala ngakhale mumphika umodzi. Sakanizani oyimira ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Chachikulu ndichakuti musunge mtunda pakati pawo, popeza njira zimafunikira malo, chifukwa zidzachulukana. Ndikofunikira kuti mitundu yosiyanasiyana yazomera ikhale ndi zosowa zomwezo, ndipo itha kuyang'aniridwa mosavuta.
Zofunika! Cacti amaloledwa kubzala pamodzi ndi zakudya zomwe zili mu bokosi lamagalasi, ndikupanga maluwa okongola.
Zosiyanasiyana zodzala cactus wopanda mizu
Zoyenera kuchita ndi ana omwe ali ndi mizu - izi zikuwonekeratu, koma momwe mungabzalire kactus kuchokera pa mphukira yopanda mizu? Ana otere amabzalidwa bwino mchaka kapena chilimwe. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito malingaliro a akatswiri owona omwe akhala akuchita nawo ntchito yopanga cacti zaka zambiri:
- Ndikofunikira kubvula mwana mosamala kwambiri kuti musawononge zowonjezera kapena chomera cha mayi, chifukwa chake ndibwino kudula.
- Mwana wotsatira amayikidwa masiku atatu m'malo ozizira, amdima, kuti odulidwa awume pang'ono. Ngati nthawi iyi siyikwanira, ndiye kuti mutha kugwira mbuto zachidwi kwa masiku ena owerengeka.
- Mwanayo amamuyika mumphika, wopitilira masentimita angapo kuchokera kwa iye. Kuwaza dothi ndi mwana sikofunikira. Iyenera kugona momasuka pamchenga. Ziyenera kumangoyamwa nthawi ndi nthawi kuti zisaphuke.
- Mwanayo akakhala ndi mizu, amawokedwa mumphika.
Ana okhala ndi mizu
Momwe mungabzale khwawa
Ndikwabwino kubzala mbewu kumapeto kwa Marichi mpaka Meyi, pomwe cacti imayamba kukula. Ngakhale izi zitha kuchitika nthawi yonseyi yokulira.
Poto watsopanoyo ayenera kukhala wokulirapo pang'ono kuposa woyamba. Ngati mizu yovunda ikupezeka mu cactus, ndiye kuti iyenera kudulidwa mosamala ndi lumo. Potere, mphamvu zimasankhidwa pang'ono poyerekeza ndi zomwe zidapita. Mchenga ndi zidutswa zochulukirapo zimawonjezeredwa panthaka.
Zikakhala kuti khwawa limakula pang'onopang'ono ndipo mizu yake ikayamba kukula, mphika umasiyidwa chimodzimodzi. Amangosintha malowo kuti akhale atsopano.
Zofunika! Mphikawo umafunika kuti utetezedwe kachilombo, chifukwa umathiridwa ndi madzi otentha kapena kupukutidwa ndi mowa.
Ngati mukufunikira chomera, ndiye kuti patatsala masiku atatu kuti izi zitheke, kuthirira kumayimitsidwa, popeza dothi lonyowa lidzanamatira kumizu ndikuwonongeka pang'ono mbewuyo ikhoza kuyamba kuvunda. Mphikawo umasinthidwa ndipo chomera chimakutulutsa ndi ma pulasitala. Ngati chidebe sichikuuma kwambiri, ndiye kuti makhoma amatha kupanikizidwa pang'ono kuti zitheke kutulutsa.
Kuchokera pachomera muyenera kugulitsa zobwezeretsera zonse zakale za dziko lapansi, koma ngati zitheka mkati mwa tuber, ndiye kuti simukuyenera kung'amba mizu. Cactus obzalidwa m'nthaka yonyowa pang'ono. Drainage imayikidwa pansi pamphika, ndipo gawo lapansi limayikidwa pamwamba. Sikoyenera kupeta pansi mutabzala, chifukwa izi zitha kuwononga mizu ya mbewu. Gawo lathiralo limathiridwa pakhosi pamizu, apo ayi nkhosayo imayamba kuvunda.
Kodi mungabzala bwanji cactus? Ngati mbewuyo ili ndi khosi lopyapyala la mizu komanso tsinde lalikulu, imatha kuzunguliridwa ndi miyala ikulu pozungulira, kuti ikhale yolimba. Zinyalala zazing'ono sizoyenera izi, chifukwa dothi silidzapumira. Ngati miyalayo singathe kugwira cactus, muyenera kupanga chothandizira, ndikumangira chomeracho.
Kutambalala
Zofunika! Pambuyo pakuyika, khala lathanzi silithiriridwa madzi kwa masiku atatu, ngati mizu yake idawonongeka, ndiye kuti muyenera kudikirira masiku 6.
Achichepere ocheperawa, asanakwanitse zaka 4, amawazana chaka chilichonse, ndipo okalamba pachaka pachaka. Mitundu yamaluwa imasinthidwa pambuyo pa maluwa.
Zida zogulitsa
Choyamba muyenera kupeza zida zomwe mungafunikire pothira mbewu. Pachifukwa ichi muyenera:
- Ma pulasitiki okhala ndi pulasitiki kapena pepala lomwe lingakulungidwenso m'mipira ingapo kuti mukulungani khosilo ndikuchotsa pansi.
- Poto wokulirapo woyenera.
- Mowa kapena madzi otentha.
Kukula kwa Cactus Kunyumba
Funso lina lomwe limafunsidwa nthawi zambiri ndikuti kodi nkhaka imakula bwanji? Kukula kwa cactus kumadalira mitundu yake. Pali mitundu yaying'ono ya cacti yomwe imakula mpaka masentimita 1. Mwachitsanzo mwa mitunduyi ndi maluwa. Kukula pang'onopang'ono ndi ariocactus, komwe kumatchedwanso "miyala yamoyo". Zoposa zaka 50, zowerengera izi zimakula ndi 12 cm zokha.
Kwa nthawi yayitali, mitundu yokhomera ya cactus yakhala yotchuka pakati pa alimi a maluwa. Chifukwa chake, funso limakhala nthawi zambiri momwe mungabzalire Decembrist.
Mitundu yotere imabzalidwa mumiphika yosiyana kuti masamba ake aterere pansi momasuka. Decembrist amakhala ndi masamba awiri kapena atatu atsopano pachaka chilichonse, ndipo akamakula amawonjezera kuyambira 2 mpaka 4 cm.
Zomwe zimamera mwachangu kwambiri ndi mtundu wa Strauss cactus ndi peick prickly. Amakula bwino kwambiri, mpaka 1 mita kukwera ndipo amawonjezera pafupifupi 10 cm pachaka.
Kusamalira maluwa kwina
Pa chitukuko chonse cha cacti, muyenera kupereka chisamaliro choyenera:
- Kuwala Ana sakonda kuwala kowala, koma cacti wachikulire amafunikiradi. Samaopa nkomwe dzuwa. Momwemonso, kuyatsa kochepa kumatha kuwononga mbewu. Mitundu ina, kuwala kowala kumathandizira kuti maluwa athe.
- Kuthirira. Mitundu ya akulu m'chilimwe amafunika kuthirira pang'ono, ndipo nthawi yozizira amachepetsa. Mitundu ina nthawi yozizira safuna kuthirira konse. Madzi pa cactus safunikira kuthiridwa; dothi lenilenalo limanyowa.
- Mavalidwe apamwamba. Zomera siziphatira manyowa mukangobzala. Sizoletsedwa kuchita izi panthawi yopuma. Mu cacti, imatha kukhala nthawi yozizira komanso nthawi yachilimwe. Chomera chimadziwika, chimatenga chinyezi chambiri panthawiyi. Kudyetsa ndibwino nyengo yamitambo. Ngati cactus wakula kwambiri m'lifupi kuposa kutalika, ndiye kuti mwina pali zochulukirapo pazinthu zofunikira m'nthaka.
Njira yothirira
Tsopano podziwika bwino momwe mungalimire cacti, mutha kuyamba kusankha chiweto. Chinthu chachikulu chomwe muyenera kukumbukira, ngakhale chitakhala chinyengo bwanji kuchokera kunja, chimafunikabe chisamaliro ndi chisamaliro choyenera.
