Ngakhalenso alimi omwe ali ndi chidwi kwambiri pa kutchulidwa kwa "core" sangathe kufotokozera momveka bwino chomwe chiri. Liwu lokha palokha liri la Chilatini ndipo limamasuliridwa ngati "pachimake". Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri. Nucleus imatanthawuza yokha njuchi yaing'ono, yokwanira yokwanira, ndi chiberekero chake ndi antchito.
Cholinga ndi Kufotokozera
Malingana ndi ndemanga za odziwa bwino alimi, njira ya insemination ya njuchi mfumukazi njuchi mu zikhalidwe za amphamvu njuchi njuchi ndi zovuta komanso zovuta.
Pachifukwachi, amafunika kuyika mng'oma ndi drones ambiri, omwe, monga momwe amadziwikiratu, sali othandiza kwambiri kwa banja ndipo, popanda ntchito yawo yaikulu, samachita china chirichonse. Makamaka pazimenezi, mapangidwe amapangidwira, momwe abambo atsopano amakula ndipo ali ndi zopanda pake.
Honey ndi chinthu chamtengo wapatali kwambiri cha njuchi (May, okoma, laimu, buckwheat, mayi, woyera, mthethe ndi ena), koma pambali pake, sera, zabrus, homogenate, propolis, mungu, mafuta odzola amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.
Zaka zingapo izi zisanachitike, njuchi zazing'onozi zinalengedwa mothandizidwa ndi zizoloŵezizo, koma chifukwa chaichi, mafelemu ena 3-4 anaikidwa pambali pa nyumbayo. Zinali zoyenera kukhala ndi magawo angapo ndi letkov, oyendetsedwa mosiyana. Chiberekero chopanda chilema (osadziwika ndi selo la mfumukazi) chinayikidwa mu dipatimenti iliyonseyi ndipo banja laling'ono linalengedwa.
Njira imeneyi inabweretsa zovuta zambiri komanso zovuta, popeza zinkafunika kuyang'anitsitsa kusakhala kwa lye kapena njira. Komanso, kutayika kwakukulu kwa kutentha ndi uchi, zipindazo sizinaperekedwe ndi oxygen, zovuta kupirira nyengo yozizira, zomwe zinapangitsa kuti njuchi zisamangidwe mwamsanga.
Nucleus ndi mng'oma wawung'onoMomwe muli mafelemu 1-2 ndi ana omwe ali ndi mafelemu omwe ali ndi chakudya. Cholinga chake makamaka kuti atsimikizire chitetezo cha abambo ndi ana awo, omwe angafe m'nyengo yozizira.
Mukudziwa? Kuweta Njuchi ndizofala kwambiri. Anakonda anthu otchuka monga Leo Tolstoy, Charles Darwin, T. Edison, Aristotle, G. Mendel, ndi ena.
Zojambula
Kuti mumvetse bwino chomwe chiripo ndi momwe zimathandizira kuweta njuchi, m'pofunika kudziwa zenizeni za momwe zimakhalira. Makamaka mumng'oma uwu imadzigwira yokha umodzi kapena ziwiri zokhala ndi njuchi zogwira ntchito 600-1000. Nyumba yoteroyo ikhoza kukhala ndi aphunzitsi a Dadanovsky, omwe ali a Rute.
Ngati mukufuna kuziyika mu kuchuluka kwa zidutswa 6, ikani, ndipo ngati 12 - kudutsa. Ndi mafelemu ambiri, mng'oma wonse ukhoza kugawidwa mu magawo awiri kuti athe kukweza mabanja awiri a njuchi panthawi yomweyo. Onetsetsani kuti makoma a chigawocho ali awiri, ndipo pamwamba pake ndilofunika kuti denga ndi pansi.
Ndikofunikira! Pofuna kupanga chimbudzi chosasunthika kuti chisanu chizizira, titsegule mpata pakati pa makoma ndi thovu, kotero mutenthe kutentha nyumbayi.
Makoma a mng'omawo akhoza kupangidwa ndi mbali imodzi yokhayoyi, yomwe ili yosalala yomwe ili kunja. Onetsetsani kuti mupange tizilombo 4 to njuchi, ziwiri zozizira ndi kuzizira. Zikakhala kuti banja ndilo lofooka, mukhoza kumangogwiritsa ntchito zida ziwiri.
Kupanga njuchi
Chinsinsi cha kupambana nucleation ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mabanja amphamvu ndi wathanzi. Chitani opaleshoni musanayambe kapena pakakhala njuchi, mungathe kuchita izi musanafike mapeto a chiphuphu. Gawo loyamba la tsikuli ndi loyenera kwambiri, monga momwe anthu ambiri amathawira kumbali ya timadzi tokoma, ndipo njuchi zomwe sizili zouluka zili mumng'oma. 
Posankha njuchi za pathupi, onetsetsani kuti mukuwona nyengo zomwe zili m'dera lanu. Ngati muli kum'mwera, sankhani mtundu umodzi wokha wa ana ndi mafelemu omwe ali ndi chakudya, chomwe chiyenera kukhala 2 kg. Ngati muli kumpoto kapena chapakati, omasuka kutenga 2 mafelemu ndi ana awiri ndi 2 - ndi chakudya.
Onetsetsani kuonetsetsa kuti ana onse akusindikizidwa ndikufikira kukhwima. Chakudya cha njuchi chingakhale uchi kapena perga. Kum'mwera kwa pafupi 300 njuchi zikhoza kuikidwa, kumpoto - 600 ndi zina.
Njuchi zikadasankhidwa, mmalo mwa mafelemu osankhidwa, ikani chimango ndi maluwa osungunuka mumng'oma. Onetsetsani kuti mutenthe mtima, ndi kuchepetsa kukula kolowera kuti njuchi imodzi yokha ikhoza kuthawa. Patapita nthawi, anthu onsewa amasiya ming'oma, kusiya anyamata okhawo kumeneko.
Poyamba, perekani njuchi zazing'ono ndi madzi., chifukwa iwo okha sangathe kulandira. Pambuyo pochotsa ana onse, ndipo zimatengera pafupifupi masiku asanu, mutha kuchotsa chimango chakale, ndipo m'malo mwake muyike yatsopano ndi mphutsi. Izi zimayambitsa alangizi a njuchi.
Pambuyo pa masiku asanu, timabwereza. Ndipo kotero mpaka chiberekero chaching'ono chimayambira mazira paokha. Kuti mumvetsetse bwino momwe polojekitiyi ikuyendera m'banja, penyani kanemayo ndi malangizo ambiri.
Ndikofunikira! Onetsetsani kuti musiyanitse mutu uliwonse watsopano kuchokera kwa ena onse. Izi zikhoza kuchitika mwa kuvala iwo mu mitundu yosiyanasiyana.
Ubwino wogwiritsa ntchito
Kuyika nuclei mu njuchi yako kudzathetsa ntchito zina zofunika kwambiri. Choyamba ndi adzawonjezera zokolola za njuchi zambiri. Njuchi zam'nyumba zoterezi zimakula mofulumira chifukwa cha zinthu zabwino komanso kusamalidwa nthawi zonse.
Chachiwiri Mukhoza kubwezeretsa banja lanu nthawi iliyonse mwa kusintha chiberekero. Sizingakhale zofunikira kupanga zofunikira za kubereka fistula, dzombe lazimayi, kapena abambo a kusintha kosasuntha. Ngati obsolescence ya njuchi-mkazi kapena kuwonongeka kwake, mudzakhala ndi mwayi kuti mutengerepo kamodzi ndi kathanzi.
Chachitatu kuchuluka kwa uchi kumawonjezekaanalandira ku njuchi. Ichi ndi chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa nambala ya antchito yomwe ikukula mu mtima. Nyumba yosungiramo bwino nthawi yachisanu, mumapeza chiberekero chapamwamba komanso mabanja abwino m'chaka.
Phunzirani momwe mungamangire njuchi, mitundu yomwe imapezeka kwambiri ndi ming'oma ya bambo kapena a bambo.
Pakati panu muchite nokha
Pachiyambi chophwekachi chimapangidwanso, chimatha kugulitsidwa mu sitolo yapadera. Ndizofunikira kuti tipeze chithunzi cha chisa cha njuchi zam'tsogolo, zomwe zingaganizire zinthu zonse ndi zobisika, kuphatikizapo miyendo, mabowo a mpweya wabwino, mabowo.
Zojambula, zipangizo, zipangizo
Njira yoyamba yopangira njuchi kunyumba ndi manja anu ikujambula chithunzi cha mng'oma wam'tsogolo. Izi ziyenera kukhala ndi miyeso yonse, zizindikiro pamalo omwe mafelemu, feeders ndi mabowo angapangidwe. Chitsanzo cha kujambula chimaperekedwa m'munsimu mu chithunzi. 
Mukudziwa? Uchimo wa njuchi unayamba kulowa mu Stone Age. M'mapanga a Cuevas de la Aranha, munthu wakale anapezeka, pafupifupi zaka 8,000. Icho chimasonyeza mwamuna yemwe amakwera mtengo kupita ku njuchi kukapeza uchi.
Chosavuta komanso chofala kwambiri chomwe amagwiritsa ntchito ndi chithovu, chapamwamba kwambiri. Mukhozanso kugwiritsa ntchito thovu la polystyrene. Kulemera kwa mapepala kumafunika 20 mm, abwino - 30mm. Ngati simukudziwa zomwe mungagwiritse ntchito, apa mndandanda wa iwo:
- gulu;
- mpeni wamatsenga;
- zojambula zokha;
- chofufumitsa;
- mipeni;
- mapepala a chithovu.
Njuchi zoterozo sizitha kuwonekera kwa mphepo ndi kutentha kwa kutentha, pamene kulola dzuwa kudutsa. Koma pali drawback yayikulu - iwo alibe mphamvu, ndizovuta kuyeretsa kuchokera ku phula. Choncho, tayankhani zosankha zanu mozama komanso moyenera.
Malangizo opanga
Pofuna kuthandiza kumanga nyumba njuchi ndi manja awo, adatsindikitsidwa Gawo lalikulu la izi ndi:
- Pa nthawi yoyamba yopanga chithunzithunzi, onetsetsani mapepala a chithovu kapena zinthu zina zomwe mumagwiritsa ntchito. Onetsetsani mosamala zithunzizo ndipo werengani malangizo. Kuti mumve mosavuta, muzidula zonse ndi mpeni. Kenaka pendani mapepala omwe amapeza ndi guluu kuti apange thupi la mng'oma. Miyeso yotsatirayi idzakhala yoyenera komanso yabwino koposa: kutalika - 570 mm, kupitirira - 450 mm ndi kutalika - 450 mm.
- Gawo lachiwiri likuphatikiza kupanga mapangidwe apadera ochokera plywood. Sankhani nambala yawo malinga ndi mabanja angati ndi mapepala omwe ali pawebusaiti yanu mukufuna kuchotsa. Konzani magawowo ndi zipikiro ziwiri zoziyika. Ndikofunika kuti magawowo akhale ofanana kukula, izi zidzateteza njuchi kusunthira kuchokera mbali imodzi kupita kumbali inayo.
- Pa siteji yachitatu, dulani zidutswa za njuchi. Dziwani kuti sayenera kukhala oposa 15 mm m'mimba mwake. Banja lirilonse limafuna chipika chosiyana, chifukwa ndicho kuyendetsa mlengalenga mu chisa.
- Monga chomaliza, gwiritsani miyendo pansi pamtima, chidutswa chimodzi kumbali zonse za chimango. Mungagwiritsenso ntchito zitsulo zamakono, kuti iwo atenge bar ndi kukula kwa 10 mm.
Zosintha zosavuta komanso zomveka bwinozi zidzakuthandizani kupanga ming'oma yanu, pogwiritsira ntchito zipangizo ndi zipangizo zomwe zimapezeka.
Kwa alimi ambiri, nucleus amakhala chipulumutso chenicheni chaka chonse. Amathandizira osati kungokulira njuchi zazing'ono, zathanzi komanso kusunga, komanso kuonjezera zokolola za njuchi zonse. Mabanja atsopano amapangidwa mwa iwo omwe amasiyana ndi anthu wamba muyezo wabwino ndi kukula.
Izi zimathandiza kusonkhanitsa timadzi tokoma, ndikuwongolera kuchuluka kwa uchi womwe umatulutsidwa pa nyengo. Komanso, mapuloteni amalekerera m'nyengo yozizira, nyengo yamkuntho ndi mvula. Ndipo mwayi wapatali kwambiri umakhala mu kupezeka kwawo komanso mosavuta kupanga. Zipangizo zingathe kugulitsidwa pa sitolo ya hardware kwa mtengo wotsika, ndipo ngakhale novice akhoza kupanga nyumba yaying'ono ndi manja awo.
