Kodi kubzala ndi kukula nkhaka "Chinese chozizwitsa"

"Chozizwitsa cha Chitchaini" - nkhaka zosiyanasiyana zomwe zingasinthe lingaliro la masamba ooneka ngati wamba. Zipatso zazikulu zosaoneka mwachibadwa zimakopa chidwi chawo. Koma mulu waukulu wa vegetative umafuna chisamaliro choyenera. Mmene mungakulire pa webusaiti yanu kukhala mbadwa yaikulu ya Middle Kingdom ndikumusamalira - tidzakambirana m'nkhani yathu.

Zamkatimu:

• Zipatso makhalidwe ndi zokolola
• Kusankhidwa kwa mbande
• Nthaka ndi feteleza
• Mavuto akukula
• Kukula kuchokera ku mbewu kwa mbande kunyumba
• Kukonzekera Mbewu
• Zokhudzana ndi malo
• Njira yobzala mbewu
• Kusamalira mbande
• Kuwaza mbande pansi
• Agrotechnics ikukula mbewu zowonekera
• Zochitika kunja
• Njira yobzala mbewu pansi
• Kuthirira
• Nthaka imamasula ndi kupalira
• Masking
• Belt girter
• Kupaka pamwamba
• Tizilombo, matenda ndi kupewa
• Kukolola ndi Kusungirako
• Mavuto ndi malingaliro
• Ndemanga

Malingaliro osiyanasiyana

"Chozizwitsa cha Chi China" - zosiyanasiyana zosiyana siyana za nkhaka, ogwirizana ndi dzina lofala "Chinese". Zina mwa mitundu, izi zimasiyanitsidwa ndi kukula kwa zipatso zake - 0.4-0.6 mamita m'litali. Zelentsy ali ndi mawonekedwe oyenerera ndi minga pang'ono. Thupi la chozizwitsa chotero si lowawa, koma ndi lowopsa kwambiri, ndipo mukamaluma chiguduli chimamveka, mbewuzo ndizochepa.

Onani mitundu yosiyana kwambiri ya nkhaka.

Kuwotcha kungakhale kotalika kwambiri, kotero garter ndi yofunikira pa chomera. Mzuwu ndi wamphamvu kwambiri ndipo umapangidwa poyerekeza ndi mitundu ina. Ndi chiwerengero chofunikira cha kuthirira ndi kukwanira okwanira, nkhaka idzakondweretsani inu ndi kubereka kwake, kukana matenda ndi tizilombo toononga komanso zosowa zofunikira kuti tisamalire. Mitundu yambiri ya mitundu ya Chinese imadyedwa mwatsopano. Kusiyana kwa "chozizwitsa cha Chitchaina" kuchokera kwa achibale ake apamtima ndikuti akhoza kuthira mchere kapena kusungidwa.

Ndikofunikira! Kunyumba mbali "Chizindikiro cha Chitchaina" zimaphatikizapo kuti theka la chipatso chokhacho chikhoza kuthetsedwa, zina zonsezi zidzakhala zachilendo kupitilira kukula.

Ubwino wa zosiyanasiyana:

• chokolola chachikulu;
• Zipatso zimawoneka zokongola;
• matenda othamanga kwambiri, kukana tizirombo ndi nyengo;
• Zitha kudyedwa osati zokha, komanso zamzitini (mchere);
• Zelentsy ali ndi kukoma kokoma (musakhale wowawa), musati mukhale achikasu, musakhale ndi zida zopanda kanthu, kukula kwa mbewu.

Mavuto a nkhaka zachizindikiro za China:

• sungani kavalidwe kogulitsa kuposa tsiku, panthawi ino ayenera kudyedwa;
• Pemphani kuti mukhale ndi nthawi yabwino yowonjezera (chifukwa cha kukula kwa zobiriwira, kukula kwa chipatso ndi kutalika kwa chomera), nthawi zambiri 2-4 pa nyengo.

Zipatso makhalidwe ndi zokolola

"Chozizwitsa cha Chitchaini" chimatanthawuza mitundu yochedwa, koma zimapangitsa kuti izi zikhale zokolola kwambiri.

1. Kufika pansi - April-May.
2. Nthawi yakucha ndi masiku 60-75.
3. Kuthamanga kwa mkwapulo ndi mamita 1 ndi apamwamba (ngati osadula, amakula kufika 3.5-4 m).
4. Analimbikitsa kubzala osalimba - 1 chomera / sq. mita
5. Zipatso ziphuka kuyambira July mpaka September. Chikwapu chimodzi chingabweretse 25-30 makilogalamu a masamba pa nyengo.
6. Kutalika / kulemera kwa mwana wosabadwa - 45-60 masentimita / 0,4-1 makilogalamu.

Mukudziwa? Dzina la chinenero cha Chirasha "nkhaka" ndi lochokera ku Chigiriki chakale, kumene chipatsocho chinatchedwa "Aguros" - "wosapsa, mwana".

Kusankhidwa kwa mbande

Ngati mukufuna njira yobzala, ndipo mwaganiza kugula mbande pa msika, muyenera kulingalira mosamala zomwe zasankha. Ubwino wa kubzala umadalira makamaka mtundu wa zokolola zomwe mudzakolola. Kugula mbande pamsika ndi njira yoopsa kwambiri, ngati, mulibe munda wamaluwa omwe amawubereka bwino. Choncho, musanapite ku mbeu, dziwani nokha ndi malamulo osavuta:

1. Zaka zabwino kwambiri za mbande za kubzala pansi - masabata 4.
2. Tsinde liyenera kuyang'ana mwamphamvu ndi labwino, payenera kukhalabe mawanga owuma pa ilo.
3. Mitunduyi imakhala ndi mizu yolimba kwambiri, yomwe imayenera kugwira ntchito yomwe mbeuyo imayenera kukhala mu gawo lapansi, ndipo mizu yawo imawoneka yatsopano ndi yathanzi.
4. Mbewu yabwino yoyenera kubzala pansi iyenera kuoneka ngati: kutalika kwa 37-43 masentimita, masamba okwana 4-6, masamba apansi ndi nthawi yobzala ayenera kukhala pafupifupi 8-9 cm kutalika. Kwa ena onse, mphukira liyenera kutanthauzira mofanana ndi kufotokozera m'ndime zapitazo. Ngati mutapeza mmera wotero, mukuganiza kuti muli ndi mwayi.

Ndikofunikira! Mitengo yonse ya Chinsinayi ndi parthenocarpic mtundu, ndiko kuti, ndi mungu wochokera payekha.

VIDEO: MMENE MUNGASANKHE KOPEREKA KWAMBIRI

Nthaka ndi feteleza

Dothi lokhala ndi ma humus wambiri komanso lopanda ndale ndilofunika kwambiri pazinthu zosiyanasiyana. Malo amdima kapena malo osungirako okhala pafupi ndi madzi osungirako pansi amatsutsana kwambiri ndi nkhaka zachi China.

Choyambirira chikhoza kutchedwa kuti nthaka ikuchokera:

• - 1/4;
• peat - 3/8;
• humus - 3/8.

Ikani malo oyenera kusankha dzuwa lokwanira, ngati n'kotheka, opanda ma drafts. Pambuyo pa malo osankhidwa (izi ziyenera kuchitika kumayambiriro kwa autumn), mukhoza kuyamba kukonza.

1. Madera omwe zomera zonse za dzungu zimakula siziyenera kuganiziridwa, monga mabedi ang'onoang'ono, nkhaka zimamera kwambiri.
2. Koma nkhaka iliyonse, kuphatikizapo China, imamva bwino pamene itabzalidwa pamalo pomwe tomato ndi kabichi zimakula, ndipo zimavomereza kumene radishes, beets ndi kaloti zinakula.

Choyamba muyenera kukumba mabedi amtsogolo. Mdulidwe uli osachepera 30 masentimita, kusakaniza uku kumapangidwira kwambiri (motengera 1 sq. M):

• zowola mullein kapena humus - malita 20;
• utuchi - 5 l;
• mtengo phulusa - 50 g;
• potaziyamu sulphate - 10 g;
• superphosphate - 50 g;
• urea - 10 g

Musanapange feteleza, utuchi uyenera kulowetsedwa mu ammonium nitrate njira (40 g pa madzi okwanira 20 l) ndipo zouma kwa milungu iwiri. Pali njira yosavuta yopangira feteleza. Pambuyo kukumba, dziwani mabedi amtsogolo, chemba zitsulo zazifupi ndi bayonet ndi 0.5 mkati pakati pawo. Lembani zinthu zowonjezera 2/3 ndi mullein, zophimba pamwamba ndi dziko lapansi. M'malo mwazitsulo zowonjezera apo padzakhala mizere yapakati.

VIDEO: MMENE MUNGAKONZEKIRE NDIPO MUZIGWIRITSA NTCHITO

Mavuto akukula

"Chozizwitsa cha Chitchaine" ndizosiyana kwambiri, koma pakukula, ndi bwino kukumbukira mfundo zofunika izi:

1. Dothi la Humus ndi aciditi osalowerera - njira yabwino kwambiri ya "Chinese", dongo ndi nthaka yamchere si yoyenera.
2. Kubwezeretsanso chikhalidwe kumalo omwewo sikuyenera kukhalapo kale kuposa chaka chachisanu ndi chimodzi.
3. Kutentha kwa dothi osachepera + 15 ° С.
4. Kutentha kwa mpweya - + 20-27 ° С.
5. Madzi okwanira 1-2 pa sabata, pambuyo pa ndondomeko ndikofunikira kuti adziwe pansi.
6. Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa garter.
7. Olemera feteleza feteleza ndi feteleza feteleza.
8. Malo ogona ayenera kukhala, ngati n'kotheka, atalikirana ndi zojambula ndi bwino.

Mukudziwa? Mu botanical classification, chipatso cha mbewu nkhaka amatchedwa dzungu. Dzina lomwelo liri ndi zipatso za dzungu, sikwashi, zukini, mavwende.

Kukula kuchokera ku mbewu kwa mbande kunyumba

Kum'mwera kwa Russia ndi pafupifupi gawo lonse la Ukraine, "chozizwitsa cha Chitchaina" chingakulire ndi mbewu, kuzibzala pamalo otseguka kapena kutentha. Komabe, njira ya mmera imakhala yotchuka kwambiri m'mbali zathu. Nthawi yoyenera kuyambitsa njira yobzalidwa mbewu - theka lachiwiri la mwezi wa March-oyambirira April. Tsiku loyenera kwambiri lingapezeke motere: ndikofunikira kudzala mbande pamalo otseguka pamene thermometer idzakhala yosasunthika pamalo 18-20 ° С masana. Panthawiyi, mbande zanu ziziwoneka monga momwe tafotokozera pamwambapa (kutalika kwake - 40-45 cm, masamba 4-5, etc.). Izi ndizo, mbewu za mbande ziyenera kufesedwa pafupi mwezi umodzi tsiku lisanayambe kubzala pansi.

Onani mitundu ina ya nkhaka zachi China.

Kukonzekera Mbewu

Mbewu yokonzekera kufesa iyenera kuyamba ndi kusamalidwa ndi kukanidwa chopanda kanthu. Kukula kwake kwa mbewuyi ndi 3-5 mm ndipo ndi 7-9 mm kutalika. Mbeu zazikulu kwambiri zimakhala zopanda kanthu, ndipo mbewu zochepa kwambiri zimapereka mbande zomwezo.

Thirani nyemba mu galasi ndikuzidzaza ndi madzi ozizira. Pambuyo pa theka la ora, mbewu zomwe zatsala pamwamba pa madzi zimatha kutayidwa, popeza ziri zopanda pake.

Gawo lotsatira ndi chithandizo chokonzekera cha mbeu ndi antiseptics ndi kukula zolimbikitsa. Pali njira zowonjezera zopangira mafakitale zokonzedweratu, koma mungagwiritse ntchito bwino:

• lowetsani muyeso ya potaziyamu permanganate (1 g pa 100 ml ya madzi) kwa kotala la ora;
• Lembani usiku umodzi mu soda (1 g ya soda pa 200 ml ya madzi), wothandizira ali ndi makhalidwe okhawo, komanso chothandizira mbewu kumera;
• Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito chida "Fitosporin".

Kulimbikitsa kukula kwa mankhwalawa kumagwiritsidwa ntchito:

• wodwala maola 2.5 mu sodium humate (1 g ya humate imatsanuliridwa ndi 2 malita a madzi);
• wodwala usiku umodzi mu njira yothetsera mankhwala "Epin" (madontho 8 mpaka 2 malita a madzi).

Pambuyo pa disinfection, mbewu ziyenera kuumitsidwa:

1. Dulani kansalu kakang'ono ka khitchini ndi madzi, kukulunga mbeu mmenemo ndikuyiyika mu furiji.
2. Pambuyo pa tsiku limodzi, chotsani njere ndikuziika m'deralo ndi kutentha kwakukulu (batri yotentha, pafupi ndi gasi kapena magetsi, etc.).

Mbeu ikatetezedwa, imatetezedwa ndikukula, mukhoza kupitiriza kumera.

Ndikofunikira! Mavuto angayambe ndi kupeza potassium permanganate kwa aseptic processing mbewu. Ikhoza kusinthidwa ndi streptomycin (25 g pa 0.5 l). Potsatira njirayi, nyembazo zimagwedezeka kwa maola 24, kenako zimatsukidwa bwino ndi madzi.

Zokhudzana ndi malo

Malo abwino kwambiri a mbande ndiwindo. Kutentha kukuyenera kuzungulira kuzungulira 22-25 ° С. Kuti mbeu imere, ndi bwino kugwiritsira ntchito mapepala; nthawi zambiri, makapu a pulasitiki (0.5 l) ndi mabowo omwe amalembedwa pansi ndi abwino.

Phunzirani momwe mungasankhire miphika yoyenera ya mbande ndi momwe mungasamalire nthaka musanabzala mbande.

Njira yobzala mbewu

Poyamba, muyenera kukonzekera nthaka kusakaniza mbande. Mukhoza, kugula nthaka yokonzeka, ndipo mungagwiritse ntchito gawo lapansili. Pali maphikidwe ambiri okonzekera kusakaniza, tidzanena za ena mwa iwo:

• humus - magawo 4;
• chonde chachonde - gawo limodzi.

Pa malita asanu a nthaka osakaniza muyenera kupanga 0,5 tbsp. spoons wa phulusa, 0,3 g wa ammonium nitrate ndi 1 g ya superphosphate.

China Chinsinsi cha mbande: peat, humus, turf, tsamba zinyalala zosakaniza mofanana. Opad bwino akuwazidwa madzi otentha musanagwiritsidwe ntchito.

Dothi lotsirizidwa, ngakhale litagulidwa mu sitolo, liyenera kuwerengedwa mu uvuni (15 minutes pa t + 190-210 ° C), ndipo imatha kuchiritsidwa ndi madzi otentha ndi kuwonjezera potaziyamu permanganate (1 tsp pa 10 malita a madzi) . Ngati mwasankha kugwiritsa ntchito njira yachiwiri, ziyenera kuchitidwa mukuganizira nthawi yomwe nthaka iyenera kuuma pambuyo polemera kwambiri (masiku 2-3).

1. Miphika (makapu) amadzazidwa ndi gawo lapansi, ndipo amamwe madzi kwa masiku 2-3 kuti panthawi yofesa dothi labwino kwambiri.

2. Pamwamba pa nthaka, pakati, ndi chala, dzenje lapangidwa 1-1.5 masentimita akuya.

3. Ikani mbeu yokonzeka mu dzenje, yikani ndi gawo lapansi ndikuphimba mphika ndi filimu.

Kutentha kwabwino kwa mbewu zowumera ndi 26-31 ° C. Ziyeneranso tsiku lirilonse, kuyambira tsiku lachitatu, kwa mphindi 5-10 kuchotsa filimuyi. Pa nthawi yoyamba, kutentha ndi kofunikira kwambiri, pamene mphukira yoyamba ikuwonekera, kuunikira kudzagwira ntchito yofanana. Pambuyo pamene mphukira zamasamba zimatuluka, filimuyo imachotsedwa kwathunthu.

Mukudziwa? "Lifent Senius", "Lno-Min" ndi "Min-Sintyay" - mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nkhaka ya ku Chinese, powoloka kumene abambo a ku Russia anatha kubweretsa zosiyanasiyana "Chizindikiro cha Chitchaina".

Kusamalira mbande

Mphukira yoyamba ikawoneka, kutentha kwa mpweya kuyenera kuchepetsedwa kufika + 22-26 ° С. Ngati chipinda chili kutentha, m'pofunika kuti nthawi zonse mupange chipinda. Kutentha bwino, kuwala kokwanira komanso kutentha kwakukulu - izi ndizimene zimapangitsa kuti mbande zikhale bwino.

Ngati kutentha kwa mpweya m'chipinda, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito fitolamps kapena heater-type blower ("wind blowers"). Mavitamini ndi abwino chifukwa, pamodzi ndi Kutenthedwa, amapereka kuunikira bwino, kofunikira kwambiri kwa zomera.

Kuthirira kwa mbande kuyenera kupatulidwa ndi madzi, kutentha kutsika pang'ono kuposa 26 ° C. Ndikofunika kulamulira kuti gawo lapansi likhale loyera nthawi zonse (osati mopitirira!) Mthunzi. Ngati dothi luma, lekani ndi sprinkler, ngati liri lonyowa kwambiri - musamamwe madzi kwa kanthawi, ikani galasi ndi mmera pamalo otentha, kotero kuti chinyontho chochepa chidzasintha msanga.

Sitiyenera kuiwala za kuuma kwa mphukira zazing'ono. "Chozizwitsa cha Chitchaina" chimatanthawuza za mitundu yochedwa, mudzafesa mbewu za mbande pasanafike pakati pa mwezi wa April. Kumapeto kwa mwezi wa April ndi kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa May, nthawi zambiri nyengo imayenda motsatira njira za mpweya.

Mkhalidwe waukulu ndi kupezeka kwa mphepo. Pa tsiku lokongola kwambiri, tsegule mawindo pawindo lazenera, pomwe mbande zanu zikuyimira, mutha kupita kumalo kapena kumsewu. Iyenera kuyamba ndi gawo la mphindi 5-7, pang'onopang'ono kuwonjezera nthawi yomwe imakhala mu mpweya wabwino. Kusintha koteroko kumakhudza zomera.

Pamene mbande zimayamba kutambasula, mizu yawo ingakhale yopanda kanthu. Pofuna kupewa izi, muyenera kutsanulira gawo lapansi m'miphika. Pambuyo pakuonekera kwa tsamba loyamba lamasamba pamafunika kudyetsa. Kuti mupange feteleza, mukhoza kugula fetereza m'sitolo, ndipo mukhoza kuchita nokha:

• madzi olekanitsa - 2 l;
• zitosi za mbalame - 30 g;
• chophweka superphosphate - 3 g;
• ammonium nitrate - 1 g.

Mankhwala omwewo amawatsanso maluwa pambuyo pa tsamba lachiwiri, pomwe pali kusiyana kokha kuti madzi amwedwa kawiri (motero kukula kwa feteleza). Gwiritsani ntchito feteleza ngati madzi okwanira nthawi zonse.

Kuwaza mbande pansi

Chikhalidwe chachikulu chodzala mbande pansi:

1. Kutentha kwa mpweya tsiku ndi tsiku + 18-20 ° С, usiku kuti usagwe pansi + 13 ° С.
2. Kutentha kwa dothi sikutsika kuposa 15 ° С.

Ndikofunikira! Ngati mbande zanu zili okonzeka kubzala, ndipo nyengo yofunikira siidakhazikitsidwe, kuchepetsa kuthirira ndi kutentha kumalo olima kulimbikitsa.

Ngati nyengo ikukwaniritsa zofunikira, mukhoza kuyamba kuika mu wowonjezera kutentha kapena kutseguka pansi. Malo oti mubzala ayenera kukonzekera m'dzinja monga momwe tafotokozera pamwambapa.

Mabediwo ali ndi zitsulo zokwana mamita 0.3 m'litali, ndi 0.8 mamita m'lifupi pakati pa mizere. Mbewu zimayendetsedwa bwino mozungulira, kotero kuti adzalandira kuwala kwa dzuwa ndikukonzekera bwino. "Chinese" ali ndi mphukira zochepa chabe, kotero kuti mphukira zazing'ono zingabzalidwe pafupi: 0.3 m pakati pa lashes pafupi ndi malo ovomerezeka.

1. Masiku khumi asanalowetsedwe pansi pamtunda ndikukantha ngalande yopingasa 20 cm pansi. Pansi pa pulawo mumakhala mullein (3-5 masentimita) ndi kuphimba ndi dziko lapansi. Mabediwo ali ndi zojambulazo. Choncho, nthawi yobzala nthaka ikuwomba bwino kwambiri.
2. Masiku awiri musanadzalemo, kukumba mabowo, kotero kuti mphika unali womasuka kuti uwalowemo.
3. Zitsime zoyamba zimakhala ndi mankhwala amphamvu a potaziyamu permanganate m'madzi otentha. Potassium permanganate ikamayamwa, chitsimecho chimatsanulidwa ndi madzi omveka. Pamene madzi achoka, kanizani kompositi pang'ono pansi pa dzenje.
4. Kuyambira madzulo asanayambe kubzala, mbande zimamwetsedwa kuti zichotsedwe mumphika.
5. Chotsani chomera mosamala kuchoka mu galasi (ngati mugwiritsa ntchito mphika wa peat, mmerawo umayikidwapo). Izi ziyenera kuchitidwa kuti gawo lozungulira mizu lisapitirire.
6. Mbewu imayikidwa motero kuti mizu imakhala 20 mm pamwamba pa dzenje.
7. Mitengo yonse ikabzalidwa, nthaka imadulidwa, kuthira mbande ndi madzi otentha (+ 27-30 ° C), ndi kukulitsa nthaka ndi udzu kapena utuchi. Mulch salola kuti chinyontho chizizira mofulumira ndipo chidzapangitsa kusungidwa kwa kutentha mu gawo la mizu.

Mukudziwa? Potaziyamu, mavitamini A ndi K, mavitamini onse a B, vitamini C, folic acid, chitsulo, antioxidants - Awa si mndandanda wathunthu wa mavitamini ndi mchere omwe ali mu nkhaka. Vitamini K imathandiza kuwonjezera mphamvu za mafupa.

Agrotechnics ikukula mbewu zowonekera

Njira yopanda mbewu yopangira "chozizwitsa cha China" ndi yabwino kwambiri kum'mwera kwa Russia ndi gawo lonse la Ukraine. Ndi njira iyi yobzala mbewu idzayamba kubala chipatso mochedwa kuposa mbeu zake zomwe zimakula. Koma zitenga nthawi yaitali kuti zikondwere ndi inu ndi zokolola.

Komanso, chifukwa cha njirayi, nkhaka zimakula bwino kuti zikhale bwino komanso zimateteza matenda ndi tizilombo toononga.

Zochitika kunja

N'zotheka kufesa ndi mbewu zonse pamalo otseguka, ndi wowonjezera kutentha. Nthawi yoyenera kubzala - kutha kwa April-kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa May. Nthaka pansi pa mabedi ndi mbeu za kubzala zimakonzedwa mofanana monga momwe zachitikira kubzala mbande.

Yang'anani pa malo omwe akukwaniritsa zofunikira za chomera (kuunikira kokwanira, koma popanda kuwala kwa dzuwa ndi chitetezo ku ma drafts).Ngati acidity ya padziko lapansi ilipamwamba kuposa yomwe sinafuneke, yonjezerani choko kapena mandimu ya m'dzinja, mungagwiritse ntchito feteleza zopangidwa ndi alangizi.

Njira yobzala mbewu pansi

Panthawi yomwe mbewu zimabzalidwa, nthaka iyenera kutentha mpaka 15 ° C. Nthaka imatenthedwa ndi kutentha uku kuzungulira kwa May. Panthawiyi, mbeu zanu ziyenera kusankhidwa, kuzipewa ndi matendawa.

1. Mu mabedi okonzedwa bwino, timayika malo amtsogolo, ngati kuti tinabzala mbande. Kusiyana kokha ndikokuti sitidzapanga mabowo, koma mabowo ang'onoang'ono ndi chala, 2-2.5 cm chakuya.
2. Mtunda pakati pa maenje ndi 25 masentimita, kanjira ndi masentimita 80. Mu dzenje lililonse timayika mbewu ziwiri, timaziphimba ndi nthaka. Pa mtunda wa masentimita 5-7 kuchokera mu dzenje lirilonse, mukhoza kumamatira ndodo.
3. Pambuyo poti maenje adadza, tsitsani madzi otentha (+ 27-30 ° C) ndi madzi.

Zikakhala kuti nyengo imangowonongeka mwadzidzidzi, mukhoza kuphimba malo amtsogolo omwe amawombera ndi mabotolo apulasitiki, ndi mulch malo ozungulira.

Kuthirira

"Anthu a ku China" amafunika kuthirira madzi ambiri. Ndikofunika kuti tichite ndondomeko 2-3 pa sabata, ngati nyengo yowuma, ngati nthawi yamvula yanyengo ya mlungu uliwonse ikhale yokwanira.

Tikukulimbikitsani kuti tiphunzire momwe tingamerekere nkhaka m'njira zosayenerera: mu zidebe, matumba, mbiya, pogwiritsa ntchito hydroponics.

Kuthiridwa ndi kukhazikika, ndi bwino, madzi amvula, kutentha + 24-26 ° C. Kuthirira ndikofunikira kuti madzi asagwe pamasamba, koma muzu.

Pakuti mbewu yaying'ono idzakhala yokwanira 2-4 malita pa mphukira. Pamene zikwapu zikukula, ulimi wothirira nthawi imodzi ukhale pafupifupi 7-9 malita pa lalikulu. m) Pa maluwa ndi fruiting voliyumu inakula kufika 18-30 malita pa mita imodzi. m. Musagwiritse ntchito payipi ya ulimi wothirira ndi madzi otsegula. Kuthirira bwino kumachitika bwino pogwiritsa ntchito kuthirira. Izi ziyenera kuchitika m'mawa, kusanayambe kuwala kwa dzuwa, kapena madzulo, pamene dzuŵa likulowa. Choyenera komanso kupopera mtundu wothirira.

Nthaka imamasula ndi kupalira

Ngakhale "chozizwitsa cha ku China" chiri ndi mizu yamphamvu kwambiri, poyerekeza ndi mitundu ina ya nkhaka, komabe tiyenera kusamala kwambiri ndi kupalira. Ndikofunika kumasula nthaka pambuyo pa ulimi wothirira kuti phokoso lisapangidwe, 3-4 nthawi pa nyengo, namsongole pakati pa mizere ndi mabedi okha.

Ndikofunikira! Kukula koyenera "Chizindikiro cha Chitchaina" Choyenera, cholimba chokwanira chikufunika. Mwina mungafunike kusintha. 2-3 nthawi pa nthawi ya fruiting.

Masking

"Chozizwitsa cha Chitchaina" ndi zosiyanasiyana zomwe sizikufuna kuti anthu azikhala osagwirizana. Chifukwa cha ichi - mtundu waukulu wa mtundu wa maluwa, komanso pafupifupi kwathunthu kopanda zomera zomwe zimayambira pambali.

Belt girter

Koma garter za zosiyanasiyanazi ndi zofunika. Misa yaikulu ikukula ikufuna kuthandizidwa; ndizosatheka kupirira kulemera kwake. Kuwonjezera apo, kumangidwa kwa zomera kuli ndi ubwino waukulu:

1. Zomera zimakula molingana, osati kutenga malo ambiri.
2. Kukolola kumangidwa mosavuta.
3. Zipatso zagona pansi mofulumira, masamba ndi zimayambira akhoza kudwala, kapena kuwonetsedwa ndi majeremusi.
4. Garter imathandizira kuoneka kwa mazira ochuluka, ndiko kuti, kumawonjezera zokolola.
5. Garter imathandiza kuonjezera kuchuluka kwake kwa dzuwa komwe amalandira ndi chipatso.

Garter iyenera kuchitika patangopita nthawi yochepa mbeu ikafika mamita 0.5-0.6 m'litali. Munthu wamagetsi ndi woyenera kwambiri pazinthu zosiyanasiyana. Koma mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito ndi trellis. Zingwe zazing'ono ziyenera kuikidwa musanayambe kubzala mbande kapena mbeu pansi. Ndipo ngati mutasankha kupanga garter payekha iliyonse, ndiye kuti nsanamira ziyenera kukhazikitsidwa pasadakhale. Izi zimachitika kuti asawononge mizu.

Pali njira zinayi zofunika za garter:

• wosasunthika;
• chowonekera;
• wosakanizidwa;
• khoma

Zosakanikirana ndi zosakanizidwa pazinthu zosiyanasiyana, pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana, sizili bwino. Koma pamzere ndi khoma mumakhala mwatsatanetsatane:

1. Zowoneka. Zothandizira zimayikidwa pachiyambi ndi kumapeto kwa kama, pakati pawo, pamtunda wa mamita 2, chingwe chimatambasulidwa. Kugwetsa mchira kumangirizidwa ku chingwe chosasinthasintha, malingana ndi chiwerengero cha ziphuphu. Ku "mchira" uliwonse kumangiriza khungu limodzi.

2. Khoma. Zothandizira zimayikidwa chimodzimodzi ndi njira yapitayi. Pakati pa iwo amatambasula matope akuluakulu a maluwa, kapena amapanga matope a waya kapena zenera.

Pezani ubwino wa galasi la trellis la nkhaka uli ndi momwe angalumikire molondola.

Mukudziwa? Ku UK, adalima zosiyanasiyana zomwe zipatso zawo zikuposa kutalika kwake "Chizindikiro cha Chitchaina". Nkhuka zoterozo sizikhala ndi mbewu zomwe zimachulukitsa mapangidwe a mpweya m'matumbo.

Kupaka pamwamba

Zikatero, ngati ntchito yoyamba yokonzekera mabedi idachitidwa molondola m'dzinja, kumapeto kwa kasupe mungagwiritse ntchito zinthu zokhazokha: phulusa (60 g / sq. M), mullein kapena manyowa a nkhuku. Matope ayenera kusungunuka m'madzi mu chiŵerengero cha 1: 3, tiyeni tiime kwa masiku 3-5. Chomeracho chiyenera kusonkhezeredwa ndikutsitsimuka m'madzi (1:15). Gwiritsani ntchito feteleza chifukwa cha kuthirira.

Ngati kukonzekera kwa mabedi mu kugwa kudadulidwa, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza mchere. Muyenera kuzipanga mogwirizana ndi ndondomeko iyi:

1. Nitrofoska - kuchepetsedwa mu 20 l 2 tbsp. makapu. Pambuyo poonekera masamba awiri oyambirira, kuthira madzi okwanira ndi madzi okwanira 2 malita. Chitani njirayi mutatha kumwa madzi okwanira.
2. Potaziyamu sulphate - kuchepetsa 20 L 2 tsp. Ikani nthawi yoyamba kutuluka tsamba lachitatu (2 malita pa 1 mbewu), nthawi yachiwiri - patatha masiku 20.
3. Urea - 20 g osankhidwa mu 5 malita a madzi. Pamene mazira aonekera, tsaya masamba. Chitani njirayi madzulo.
4. "Master 20.20.20" - 40 g wa mankhwala osungunuka mu 20 malita a madzi. Pambuyo pa masamba khumi ndi awiri akukula pa mliriwu, onjezerani 1.5 l ndalama ku chitsamba chilichonse. Kenaka, nthawi imodzi mu masabata awiri, mpaka chomera chikuphulika.
5. Posakhalitsa pamaso pa maluwa ndipo mwamsanga pambuyo pa maonekedwe a zipatso zoyamba, Azogran kapena Vermistim amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ndikofunika kutsatira mosamala malangizo, mwinamwake mukhoza kuwononga mizu.

Tizilombo, matenda ndi kupewa

Mame a Mealy. Makhalidwe ali ndi chikhomo pamunsi mwa tsamba, mofanana ndi mchere wotsala kuchokera ku madzi amchere. Pamapeto pake, kukwera kumapita kutsogolo, kumakhala mdima. Pa mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito "Oxy": 5 g wa mankhwalawo amasungunuka mu 2.5 malita a madzi Kutaya bwinobwino madzulo, kubwereza ndondomeko pambuyo pa masabata awiri.

Phunzirani momwe mungagwirire ndi powdery mildew pa nkhaka.

Downy mildew. Mawanga a chikasu mwa mawonekedwe, omwe amadzala ndi mdima wa bulauni kapena wofiira. Gwiritsani ntchito mankhwalawa "Topaz". Mu malita 10 a madzi kuchepetsa 1 buloule. Kutaya masambawo panthawi yamasiku khumi.

Downy mildew ndi imodzi mwa matenda omwe amapezeka kwambiri a nkhaka.

Alternaria Pansi pa masamba amakhudzidwa ndi zilonda zazing'ono za beige, zomwe zimakula kukula ndi chiwerengero, kuphatikiza mu malo amodzi a chiwonongeko. Anagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza "Ridomil Gold". 5 malita a madzi 25 g wa mankhwala. Madzulo akuponya 1 nthawi mu masiku 10-12. Anthracnose. Tsinde lophimbidwa ndi bulauni longitudinal grooves, masamba - yemweyo mtundu, odetsedwa. Mu nthawi yochepa zowola Zelentsy. Mankhwalawa amagwiritsira ntchito Oxy, mofanana ndi mankhwala a powdery mildew. Aphid Ambiri omwe amakhala pa nkhaka. Mitengo imene nsabwe za m'masamba zimayamba mofulumira, zimayambira pambali, zipatso za mkwapulo sizinapangidwe.

Tikukulimbikitsani kuphunzira momwe mungatetezere nkhaka ku nsabwe za m'masamba.

Ochepa Pamene zipatso zoyamba zipsa, izi zimatuluka. Pazochitika zonsezi, zomera zimapangidwa ndi mankhwala "Fitoverm" (10 ml pa 2 malita a madzi). Pambuyo masiku 12-14, ndondomekoyi imabwerezedwa. Pofuna kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda ndi matenda osiyanasiyana ndikuziteteza ku zinyama, muyenera kutsatira malangizo ena:

1. Musagwiritsire ntchito nayitrogeni ambiri mu feteleza.
2. Mukafika, sungani mtunda wokwanira pakati pa lashes kotero kuti kutuluka kwa mpweya sikulephereka.
3. Ngati mukukula nkhaka mu wowonjezera kutentha, yang'anirani chinyezi cha mlengalenga. Onetsetsani makona onse ndi ziwalo zojambula.
4. Lankhulani ndi chomera mosamala kwambiri, yesani kuwononga. Kuwoneka kulikonse kungakhale kofooka kumene matenda akugwa.

Ndikofunikira! Kwa mbande ndi mbande pamene zimamera nkhaka mbewu, nthaka kuchokera pa mabedi kumene tomato inakula ikuyenera.

Kukolola ndi Kusungirako

Kukolola bwino kumachitika tsiku ndi tsiku. Mukakusonkhanitsa, gwiritsani ntchito mpeni kapena pruner, musasowe kusankha ndi kuchotsa chipatsocho. Mutatha kukolola, mukhoza kuthirira zomera.

Zosiyanasiyana "Chitchaina cha Chitchaina" chimangowonongeka, chifukwa chake chiyenera kudyedwa masiku oyambirira mutatha kukolola. Malo otentha otentha angasungidwe kwa pafupifupi 1 sabata pa t + 10-12 ° С, mwachitsanzo, madzi apansi amafunika kutsika (+ 7-9 ° С) kutentha ndi chinyezi pamtunda uwu pamtunda wa 90%. Pa kutentha kwa 0 ... + 4 ° C, zipatso zimasungidwa nthawi yaitali, koma zimataya kukoma kwawo.

Phunzirani momwe mungasunge nkhaka m'nyengo yozizira.

Mavuto ndi malingaliro

Ngati mwasankha kubzala nkhaka popanda kukula mbande, mufunika mbewu zambiri kusiyana ndi njira ya mmera. Zosiyanasiyana zimakhala ndi zazikulu kwambiri zamasamba, kotero, zimakhala zopambana kwambiri kudya. Ndipo ngakhale kuti "Chinese" sitingatchedwe kuti ndi yopanda nzeru komanso yovuta, malamulo ena ayenera kukumbukiridwa:

1. "Chozizwitsa cha Chitchaina" chimakhala chovuta kwambiri kwa dothi. Nthaka iyenera kukhala yochuluka mokwanira.
2. Samalirani kwambiri garter lashes.
3. Palibe vuto sayenera kunyalanyaza kuvala. Kwa chimphona chotero, ndi chofunikira.

Mukudziwa? Mu nkhaka zambiri zedi zili ndi lignans - zinthu zomwe amakhulupirira kuti zimachepetsa chiopsezo cha khansa zina.

Pamene mukukula, pangakhale mavuto ena:

1. Masamba amatembenukira chikasu ndikuwombera. Mkhalidwe wotero ukhoza kukhala chifukwa cha kuthirira kosayenera.
2. Mtundu wobiriwira ukhoza kutembenukira chikasu chifukwa cha kusowa kwa mpweya m'nthaka, yomwe imachoka chifukwa cha chinyezi chokwanira, ndipo sichimasula (kapena kupezeka kwake).
3. Kusinthasintha kwa mbeu molakwika kungayambitsenso chikasu cha masamba.
4. Zipatso za nkhumba zimasonyeza kusowa kwa nayitrogeni.
5. Zipatso zofanana ndi mapeyala, onena kuti potaziyamu ilibe phokoso, yopanda phala.
6. Kupanda mazira, zipatso zopanda pake kapena fungo labwino - zizindikiro zomveka za kuchepa kwa kashiamu.
7. Ndi kusintha kwadzidzidzi kutentha, kutentha kwakukulu kapena kutentha koonekera, masamba akhoza kugwa.
8. Zina zimayambitsa kugwa kwa masamba ndi izi: kusagwirizana ndi zikhalidwe zapamwamba zowonjezeramo (feteleza zowonongeka, zonse zamchere ndi zamchere), madzi a madzi kapena chinyezi, kuthirira madzi otentha.

Nkhaka "Chitchaina cha Chitchaina" chodzichepetsa mosamala, amasangalala diso ndi mawonekedwe ake. Alendo anu angadabwe kwambiri ndi zipatso zazikulu zomwe zikukula pa webusaiti yanu. Kuwonjezera apo, musaiwale za zizindikiro zomwe zimasiyanitsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana kuchokera kwa anthu ena a ku China, - "Chozizwitsa cha Chitchaine" chingasungidwe, kuzifota ndi mchere.

Ndemanga