Nyama Clostridioses

Kulima alimi onse amadziwa kuti tanthauzo la mawu akuti clostridiosis amatanthawuza matenda osiyanasiyana omwe amayamba chifukwa cha mtundu wina wa clostridia. Zizindikiro za matendawa zikhoza kukhala zofanana, ndipo zingakhale zosiyana kwambiri, choncho ndikofunika kuti mudziwe vutoli panthaŵi yake ndikulikonza. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe zimachitika m'gulu la ng'ombe, zomwe zimatsimikiziranso, momwe mungachitire ndi zomwe muyenera kudziwa za njira zothandizira.

Kodi ng'ombe clostridia ndi chiyani?

Pansi pa tanthauzo la clostridioses amatanthawuza nyama zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a clostridia. Izi ndi matenda opatsirana ndi nthawi yovuta kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ng'ombe zizifa. Zilonda zonse za matenda amenewa ndi anaerobic, ndipo zimakhala mosavuta m'nthaka ndi manyowa, kapena m'madzi. Kuwonjezera apo, mikangano yawo ikhoza kupezeka m'matumbo a anthu omwe ali ndi thanzi labwino, popanda kudziwonetsa okha kwa nthawi yaitali. Tetanus, botulism, edema yoipa, emcar ndi anaerobic fetotoxemia amaonedwa kuti ndiwo matenda akuluakulu a gulu lachikondi.zomwe nthawi zambiri zimapezeka osati kubzala ziweto, komanso m'minda yaing'ono.

Zifukwa za matenda

Zomwe zimayambitsa clostridiosis mu thupi nthawi zonse zimakhala tizilombo toyambitsa matenda - tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a Clostridium, zomwe zimaphatikizapo mitundu yoposa 100 ya mabakiteriya. C. botulinum (amachititsa botulism), C. tetani (wothandizira odwala tetanasi), C. chauvoei (amathandizira kukula kwa emcar matenda), C. perfringens ndi C. septicum, zomwe zimayambitsa edema yoopsa ndi anaerobic zojambula m'mimba mwa zinyama, zimaonedwa kuti ndizofala kwambiri pakati pa ziweto.

Mukudziwa? Matenda ambiri omwe masiku ano ali ndi clostridioses analipo nthawi zakale ndi Middle Ages, ngakhale kuti zifukwa zawo ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda sizinadziŵike mwamsanga kwa anthu. Makamaka, Hippocrates ankachita nawo phunziro la chithandizo chachipatala cha tetanasi, ndipo choyamba chidziwitso chokhudza botulism chinawonekera pambuyo pa matenda akuluakulu a anthu a ku Byzantium apakatikati.

Alipo magwero ambiri a kachilombo kawo, poyamba, ndi:

• nyama yodwala kapena munthu, ndi zowonongeka zomwe clostridia amadziwira mwachindunji kwa munthu wathanzi (njira yogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala kapena matenda okhudza kukhudzana ndi banja);
• nthaka kapena madzi omwe tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tingathe kukhalapo kwa nthawi yaitali;
• chakudya ndi zatsalira zowonjezera kuti, pamodzi ndi mabakiteriya, alowe mu thupi la nyama yathanzi;
• magazi a munthu amene ali ndi kachilomboka, amamupiritsa wathanzi.

Zifukwa zonsezi zikhoza kufotokozedwa ndi zolakwa zokhazokha za mlimi - osasunga miyezo yoyenera komanso yaukhondo poyang'anira zinyama, ngakhale nthawi zambiri chifukwa cha kufalikira kwa matenda alionse ndi kuphwanya zofunikira zowonetsera ziweto.

Dzidziwitse nokha ndi matenda omwe anthu ambiri amawagwiritsa ntchito katemera.

Zizindikiro zachipatala

Zizindikiro zenizeni za matendawa zimadalira mtundu wake ndi njira yowonjezera. Ng'ombe zambiri zimakhala ndi matenda oopsa kapena oopsa, ndipo pafupifupi pafupifupi zonsezi zimaledzera thupi ndi kuwonongeka kwa tsamba la m'mimba ndi dongosolo la manjenje la munthu wodwalayo. Zina mwa zizindikiro zowonjezereka za clostridiosis ndi matenda opweteka, kuuma ziwalo, kuoneka kwa edema ndi kutupa, kutsegula m'mimba.

Matenda ena amatha kusokonezeka (mwachitsanzo, matenda osokoneza bongo ndi emphysematous carbuncle), koma pali zosiyana kwambiri ndi zina (mwachitsanzo, zizindikiro za tetanasi nthawi zambiri zimadziwonetsa zokha ndi kufooka kwa ziwalo za mkati ndipo nthawi zambiri zimakhala zosaoneka kunja). Taganizirani zizindikiro za aliyense wa iwo.

Ndikofunikira! Ngakhale pamaso pa zizindikiro zonse zofotokozedwa za matenda a ziweto, ndiye dokotala yekha amene angapange chidziwitso chomaliza. Ayenera kupereka dongosolo la mankhwala.

Zosokoneza

Njira yolondola komanso yolondola yodziwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndiyo kuyesa ma laboratory, omwe amapezeka kuchokera ku nyama zakufa kapena odwala. Mbali za ziwalo zowonongeka, mafupa a fecal ndi mucous, magazi, ngakhalenso gawo la matumbo ndi zomwe zili mkati zingakhale chitsanzo. Pa matendawa aliwonse ali ndi zizindikiro zake.

Ndikofunikira! Kusonkhanitsa kwa biomaterial pofuna kufufuza kuyenera kuchitidwa kokha ndi katswiri komanso motsatira ndondomeko zonse zaukhondo ndi zaukhondo, mwinamwake zotsatira sizingaganizidwe kukhala zodalirika.

Njira zolimbana ndi mankhwala

Kutulukira kwa clostridiosis inayake kumayambanso kumenyana ndi izo, chifukwa chodziŵa bwino za tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi tizilombo towopsa zomwe zimawamasula iwo ndizotheka kulankhula za mankhwala oyenera. Nyama yodwala iyenera kukhala yosiyana ndi ziweto zonse ndikuyamba mankhwala, zomwe zidzasintha malinga ndi mtundu wa matenda:

1. Botulism Pazigawo zoyamba za chitukukochi, zimakhala zothandiza kusamba m'mimba, pogwiritsa ntchito njira yothetsera bicarbonate soda (kutenga 30 g pa 15 l madzi), kenaka jekeseni mankhwala a sodium chloride yankho (pafupifupi 2 l kawiri pa tsiku). Ndi matenda a nthawi yayitali komanso kutopa kwa thupi, kuyendetsa mankhwala osokoneza bongo kwa 40% kumalimbikitsa, ndipo kafeine amaloledwa kusunga ntchito ya mtima. Pakamwa pa chinyama chikhoza kutsukidwa ndi njira ya potassium permanganate. Thandizo loyenera la ng'ombe ndilo kugwiritsa ntchito anti-tumbling serum, koma limakhala lothandiza pokhapokha ngati likugwiritsidwa ntchito panthawi yake, pamayambiriro a matendawa.

2. Tetanus. Monga momwe zinalili kale, ndikofunika kudziwa matenda mwamsanga ndi kulengeza antitoxin (pa mlingo wa 80,000 A.E.). Chloral hydrate ndi yabwino kwa mankhwala ochiritsira, komanso mankhwala osokoneza bongo amathandiza kuchepetsa zizindikiro za matendawa, kupititsa patsogolo kuchiza kwa thupi.
3. Zoipa za Edema. Njira yaikulu yothandizira ndi kutsegula chotupa kotero kuti mpweya wambiri ukhoza kuperekedwa kumadera omwe akukhudzidwa, omwe ali ndi zotsatira zoipa pa kuchulukitsa kwa mabakiteriya. Mabala otsegula amatha kuchiritsidwa ndi peroxide kapena njira yofooka ya potaziyamu permanganate, yomwe imayambitsanso njira yothetsera vuto la norsulfazole, chloroacid, penicillin, mankhwala a furatsillinovyh. Caffeine, njira zotchedwa isotonic za sodium chloride ndi camphor seramu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mwamphamvu zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chithandizo chamankhwala.

4. Emkar Chifukwa cha kukula kofulumira kwa matendawa, sikuli nthawi zonse kuthekera kochiritsira mofulumira. Kawirikawiri, anthu amapatsidwa mankhwala omwe amachititsa kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, omwe penicillin, streptomycin (amathandizidwa katatu patsiku kuti apititse patsogolo vutoli), amoxicillin, lincomycin, ndi tetracyclines ndizoyamba. Kuphatikizanso komweko kumatha, komanso kusakanikirana ndi makoswe akufa, kuika madzi ndi kutsuka ndi njira zoteteza matenda ophera tizilombo.
5. Anaerobic fetotoxemia. Kumayambiriro kwa chitukuko cha matendawa, kugwiritsa ntchito antitoxic seramu kumapereka zotsatira zabwino, kuphatikizapo mankhwala - antibiotics ndi mankhwala a sulfa. Zosasokoneza zidzakhalanso mankhwala omwe amalimbikitsa kuti m'mimba azigwira ntchito.

Werengani zambiri za njira zowonetsera ndi katemera wotsutsana ndi emphysematous carbuncle ng'ombe.

Izi zikutanthauza kuti pafupifupi nthawi zonse, mankhwala othandiza pogwiritsa ntchito seramu amathandiza kwambiri kuchiza matenda, komanso njira yothandizira odwala matenda a antimicrobial pogwiritsa ntchito biomycin, chlorotetracycline, ampicillin ndi sulfadimezine zimathandizira kupititsa patsogolo nyamazo ndikuziika mwamsanga. Ngati zilonda zapachilumbaka, chithandizo cha malo okhudzidwa ndi kuchotsedwa kwa minofu yakufa ndilololedwa. Ngati njira yotupa imatenga zigawo zozama za minofu, majekeseni ozungulira pogwiritsa ntchito hydrogen peroxide, lysol kapena phenol ingathandize.

Kupewa

Mtundu uliwonse wa clostridiosis ndi wosavuta kupeŵa kusiyana ndi kuyesera kupirira nawo pakati pa matenda. Njira yayikulu yotetezera ndizogwiritsa ntchito mitundu yambiri ya katemera, yomwe imayesedwa bwino kuti ndiyo njira yodalirika yopulumutsa moyo ndi thanzi la zinyama. Komabe, ichi sichoncho chokha chothandizira pa kulimbana ndi matendawa, motero ndikofunika kuti tigwirizane ndi malamulo ena oteteza:

• Nthawi zonse amatsatira malamulo oyendetsera ukhondo pamene akusunga ng'ombe;
• Sakanizani nkhokwe nthawi zonse, ndi kuyeretsa bwino malo onse;
• gwiritsani ntchito chakudya chamwamba chokha;
• kukonza zoweta nyama kuchokera kumanda amtundu kapena malo omwe ali ndi kachilombo;
• Onetsetsani kusamba nthawi zonse pogwiritsira ntchito zipangizo zoyenera;
• pamene zochitika zoyamba za clostridiosis zimapezeka pa famu, ndiletsedwa kutulutsa nyama kunja kwa gawo kapena kutumiza zinyama zatsopano kwa izo;
• chowunikira kuti chidziwitsidwe chiyenera kuchitika pamanda enieni apadera kapena ma prosectories, ndipo mutatha kufufuza zonse ziwalo za mtembo (pamodzi ndi khungu) ziyenera kutenthedwa.

Mukudziwa? Ng'ombe imapatsa mkaka kuti idzaze mwana wake wamwamuna, kotero ngati mwiniwakeyo akufuna kupeza nthawi yochuluka yamtunduwu, amayenera kumanga naye pachaka. Nthawi zina ng'ombe zimabereka nthawi 18 m'miyoyo yawo.

Zilonda za ng'ombe zimakhala zofunikira nthawi yomweyo mlimi, mwinamwake pangakhale kugwa kwakukulu kwa ziweto ndi zowonongeka. Nthawi zonse muziyang'anitsitsa thanzi labwino ndi khalidwe la nyama, ndipo pangoganizani kuti chitukukochi chikukulirakulira, nkoyenera kuyisewera motetezeka ndikuitana veterinarian.