Peyala ndi wotchuka ndi wamaluwa chifukwa cha chokoma ndi yowutsa mudyo zipatso zamkati, kudzichepetsa pa kulima ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Masiku ano pali mitundu yambiri yosiyanitsa yosiyana siyana yomwe imagonjetsedwa ndi matenda ndi nyengo - chisanu chokanika, nthawi zouma. Pa imodzi ya mapepala - Kokinskoy akuyankhula m'nkhaniyi.
Fotokozani mitundu ya peyala Kokinsky
Kokinskaya - nyengo yopuma yopuma, yomwe imatchedwa kuti Kokinsky Institute of Horticulture, yomwe idagwidwa ndi kudutsa mitundu iwiri: Popular ndi Cure. Wolemba wa zovuta zosiyanasiyana ndi A. A. Vysotsky.
Mukudziwa? Kale ku Greece, mapeyala anabweretsedwa ku akachisi a Aphrodite ndi Hera, ku Rome komwe adaperekedwa kwa Juno ndi Venus. Mu nthano za anthu onse awiri, azimayi awa anali chizindikiro cha kubala. Pa maulendo a panyanja pothandizidwa ndi mapeyala anathetsa zizindikiro za seasickness.
Zizindikiro za mtengo
Kutalika kwa mtengo wa Kokinskaya ndi mamita anayi, kutalika kwa korona kuli mamita atatu. Thunthulo ndi lolunjika, losavuta, nthambi zimasiyanasiyana kuchokera pa thunthu pambali. Korona si wandiweyani, amafunika kudulira, mawonekedwe a korona ndi pyramidal. Fruiting ikuyamba m'chaka chachinayi, zokololazo ndizokulu - mitengo yokhwima imapereka makilogalamu 100 a mapeyala.
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi yozizira-yolimba, yozizira kwambiri pamene impso zimafota, zokolola zimatha kuchepa, koma mtengo wokha sufa. Mitundu ya Kokinska ya peyala imatanthawuza kuti imagonjetsedwa ndi matenda monga nkhanambo. Zochepa zolimbana ndi nkhanambo ndi masamba osati zipatso. 
Zotsatira za Zipatso
Mapeyala amawongolera pa mawonekedwe olimba, okhuthala, otsika, aatali, ophimbidwa. Zipatsozo ndizojambula mu utoto wobiriwira, pamene zimapsa chikasu, mapeyala, amatembenukira ku dzuwa, amavala zonyezimira zofiira. Zipatso zamtundu wa Kokinska peyala zimafikira magalamu 250, thupi ndi loyera kwambiri, yowutsa mudyo, imakhala ndi kukoma kokoma kake ndi kuwawa pang'ono.
Ubwino ndi kuipa kwa zosiyanasiyana
Ubwino wa peyala ya Kokinska ndizokolola zambiri, kusungirako nthawi mufiriji, kutentha kwa chisanu, zipatso zolimbana ndi matenda ndi kuvunda. Zipatso za peyala zili ndi kukoma kokoma ndi kulemera kwakukulu, kuwonjezera apo, nthawi yokhala peyala Kokinsky imalola phwando pa zipatso mu September. Zipatso zili zoyenera komanso zokolola m'nyengo yozizira.
Zowonongeka: ngakhale kuti chitetezo chochuluka cha chipatsochi chimafalikira ndi matenda ena, masamba amawoneka kwa iwo. Pali chisanu chotsutsa, koma panthawi yovuta kutentha, impso zikhoza kuundana, zomwe zimakhudza fruiting.
Kufika masiku ndi kusankha malo
Kuti mukule bwino peyala, muyenera kudziwa zonse zokhudzana ndi malingaliro, zikhalidwe komanso zoyenera kuti malo a kokinsky akalowe. Tsiku lofika limadalira nyengo ya chigawochi. Kummwera kwa nyengo, ndi bwino kudzala m'chaka cha April, mu nyengo yofunda popanda usiku chisanu. M'madera omwe ali kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, ndi bwino kubwezeretsa ndondomekoyi mpaka autumn, kufikira September. Nthawi zambiri nyengo yozizira imayambitsa zomera zina kuti ziume. Popeza chomera sichimalola kuloledwa, mbande za kokinskaya peyala ziyenera kubzalidwa nthawi yomweyo ku malo osatha. Peyala imakhala yolemera kwambiri, nthaka yonyansa ndi madzi abwino. Si malo abwino omwe ali pansi pamadzi, ndi kuchuluka kwa chinyezi, mizu imakhudzidwa ndi mabakiteriya a fungus. Kwa mtengo muyenera kusankha bwino, mpweya wokwanira, koma popanda malo olembera. Yabwino kwambiri ndi kumadzulo, kumwera-kumadzulo kapena kumwera kwa munda.
Gawo ndi ndondomeko yobzala mbande
Malinga ndi malamulo a agrotechnology kwa pear Kokinskaya chiwembu chodzala kukonzekera pasadakhale. Chiwembucho chimakumbidwa, kutsukidwa namsongole ndikupanga 10 kg humus pa mita imodzi ndi 100 g nitrophos. Pansi pa nthaka ya acidic ufa dolomite ufa umayamba.
Pitani kwa mbande m'chaka chirikonzekera mu kugwa. Mtengo waukulu: 70 × 70 mamita chakuya. Madzi amaikidwa pansi pa dzenje, kuchokera pamwamba - chimbudzi cha humus kapena kompositi mpaka 20 cm, yokutidwa ndi nthaka. Ndi kugwa kumabzala dzenje wokonzedwa m'masabata atatu. Dothi losakaniza limakonzedwa kuchokera ku zakudya zowonjezera za nthaka, peat, humus mu gawo limodzi, ndi kuwonjezera 20 g ya phosphorous-potaziyamu feteleza ndi 100 g wa phulusa. 
Chifukwa chodzala peyala Kokinsky anasankha makope awiri a mbande, ali ndi makungwa osalala, ofanana. Nthambi za mchenga wathanzi zimatha kusintha, mizu ndi yowuma komanso yophweka podula. Musanayambe ndondomekoyi, mizu imalowetsedwa mu njira yotsitsimula ya tsiku. Pambuyo pofupikitsa mizu ku masentimita 10, ndipo mbali yakuphwima imadulidwa. Kutalika kwa thunthu lapakati la sapling wabwino ndilo masentimita 85. Kuponyera pansi kumatsikira mu dzenje, kuwongolera mizu ndi kuwaza dothi, kudumpha pang'ono. Msuzi wa mizu iyenera kukhala patali wa masentimita atatu kuchokera pansi. Mutabzala, mmera umathiriridwa mochulukira, pamene dothi la dzenje lakhazikika, pamwamba pake. Kumapeto kwa kubzala, dothi likulumikizidwa ndipo chithandizo chimakhazikitsidwa pa peyala.
Ndikofunikira! Mulch sayenera kugwira makungwa a thunthu, kuvunda kumachitika. Ikani mulch kutali ndi thunthu la mmera.
Zapadera zosamalira mitundu ya peyala ya Kokinskaya
Kwa mapeyala a Kokinsky, oyandikana nawo abwino ndi ofunika pobzala ndi kusamalira. Mtengo wa apulo udzakhala woyandikana nawo bwino, sizowonjezeka kuti uzibzala pafupi ndi phulusa la mapiri: mitengo ili ndi matenda ofanana ndi tizirombo.
Kupewa ndi chitetezo ku tizirombo ndi matenda
Njira yabwino yopewera mapeyala idzasamalidwa nthawi yake komanso yoyenera. Thunthu la mtengo liyenera kukhala loyera, lotayirira ndi udzu. Chotsani zitsamba zonse za masamba ndi masamba ogwa. Dontho lofiira ndi lofooka limadulidwa kudulira, kuyamwa kumayenera kutayidwa bwino, zomwezo zimagwirizananso ndi kuvala.
Pambuyo pa peyala akutsikira masamba, konzani nkhuni Bordeaux madzi kapena mkuwa sulfate yankho - izo zidzachepetsa kuchuluka kwa matenda. Kukonzekera kwachilengedwe kungathe kudyedwa panthawi yokula, komanso nthawi yokolola popanda kuvulaza thanzi lawo. Zipatso mu nkhaniyi zidzasungidwa nthawi yayitali. Zopangira biopreparations ndi: "Fitosporin-M", "Farmod", "Trichodermin", "Hamair", "Fitolavin", "Planriz". Pazifukwazi, Gaupsin amadziwika kwambiri, ali ndi fungicide komanso tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Mankhwalawa amawononga kwambiri fungal, mabakiteriya ndi mavairasi, "Gaupsin" imathandizanso kupewa tizirombo.
Kuthirira, kumasula ndi kupalira
Chaka choyamba mapeyala amamwetsa kamodzi pamlungu, zidebe ziwiri pamtengo. Pamene mtengo umakula, kumwa kwafupipafupi kumachepera kawiri pa mwezi, koma mlingo ukuwonjezeka. Mapeyala akuluakulu ayenera kuyamwa ndi kukonkha. Onetsetsani kuti mutsegule mpweya wabwino ku mizu ndi kumeta namsongole. Pambuyo pa njira zonse, nthaka imayendetsedwa kuti ipitirize kusunga chinyezi.
Feteleza
Zaka zitatu kapena zisanu zilizonse, Kokinska mapeyala amapangidwa ndi feteleza. Mavitamini amapereka pachaka, chifukwa zakudya zambiri zimayamba kukolola. Ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza kumitsinje yomwe idakumbidwa pafupi ndi bwalo la thunthu, kuwasakaniza ndi nthaka kuti asawotche mizu. Pamodzi ndi organic kupanga phosphorous-potassium (40 g), chophimba ndi humus. M'zaka zomwe zinyama sizikugwiritsidwa ntchito, zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kumanga feteleza.
Chenjerani! Peyala sakonda nayitrogeni yambiri. Manyowa omwe ali ndi mkulu wa nayitrojeni amagwiritsidwa ntchito pang'onopang'ono, mwinamwake izo zidzakhudza zokolola.
Konzani kudulira
Kudulira kumawunikira udindo wofunikira pa kusamalira peyala ya Kokinsky. Njira yomwe imapanga kukula kwa korona ikuchitika m'zaka zoyamba za moyo wa mbeu. Mapeyala amabala zipatso, ndipo nthambi zimatha kuswa pansi pa kulemera kwa zipatso, motero, ndi kudulira, kupanga nthambi zowongoka kwambiri zatsala.
Kudulira kwadothi kumachotsa nthambi zofooka, zouma kapena zowonongeka, komanso kumakula mkati mwa korona ndi kusokoneza kukula kwa nthambi zazikuru. Kukonzekera kwaukhondo kumachitika kumayambiriro kasupe kapena yophukira pambuyo tsamba likugwa chaka chilichonse. Njirayi imakulolani kuti musinthe kukula kwa korona ndi kuchotsa mphukira zakufa. Mu kasupe, mphukira za pachaka za chaka chatha zimadulidwa ku gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu. 
Kubwezeretsa kudulira mapeyala ndi kudulira thunthu kumbali ya nthambi, kudulira zigoba za nthambi, kuonetsetsa kuti yunifolomu imapereka zakudya zonse ku mphukira. Njirayi imapangitsa fruiting mtengo.
Nthawi yokolola komanso momwe mungasungire zokolola zosiyanasiyana mapeyala Kokinskaya
Zokolola za peyala ya Kokinsky ndizokulu - mpaka makilogalamu zana a mapeyala kuchokera ku mtengo wamkulu. Zipatso zikatha mu sabata yoyamba ya September. Mukakhwima bwino, peyala imachotsedwa mosavuta ku tsinde, zipatso zakupsa zili ndi fungo lamtengo wapatali komanso lofewa.
Ndikofunikira! Mapeyala akulimbikitsidwa kuti achotse pamtengo pamene amame chifukwa cha mame, mwinamwake kusungirako sikudzatha.Sungani zipatso nthawi yamadzulo kuti asakhale ndi nthawi yotentha kwambiri. Zipatso zowonjezereka zidzaphimbidwa ndi condensate zikasungidwa ndikufulumira kuwonongeka. Kuchotsa chipatsocho chiyenera kukhala mosamala, popanda kuwononga. Olima munda amakonda kugwiritsa ntchito chida chapadera pazitali, kuti muthe kuchotsa chipatso chokulirakulira popanda kuwavulaza. Masamba okololedwa amayang'anitsitsa, kutuluka, kutaya zofewa kapena kuonongeka. Kutengeka kwa mapeyala a Kokinsky si kovuta: zipatso zimayikidwa mabokosi, kubwezeretsanso ndi utuchi wofewa ndi pepala. Kutentha kosungirako zipatso kwambiri ndi -1 ° C mpaka + 2 ° C.
Zosangalatsa Ku China, ubale wapadera ndi peyala: umatengedwa ngati chizindikiro cha kusafa. Choipa chimatengedwa kuti chimaswa kapena kuwononga mtengo. Kugawana chipatso cha peyala ndi wina kumatanthauza kugawidwa ndi munthu ameneyo posachedwa.
Kukonzekera nyengo yozizira
Kwa nyengo yozizira, nthaka ya pepala la Kokin iyenera kukhala ndi mulch. Mitengo ndi nthambi zimaphimba ndi burlap, mwamphamvu zomangiriza. Mbewu zazing'ono zimaphimbidwa ndi masamba a spruce, kuteteza makungwa kuchokera ku makoswe. Zomera mpaka zaka zisanu, tsinde amachizidwa ndi mankhwala osakaniza, akuluakulu - ali ndi laimu. Monga nsomba, amagwiritsira ntchito udzu wofiira, kuziphimba ndi humus kapena peat pamwamba.
Zipatso za mitundu imeneyi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya dzinja m'nyengo yozizira, choncho ndi yotchuka kwambiri pakati pa wamaluwa. Maphunzirowa sali ovuta pochoka, nyengo yozizira-yolimba komanso imateteza matenda. Chomera chabwino kwambiri cha mapirala a Kokinsky amawona mitundu Yakovlev, Favorite, Bergamot Moscow.
