Bessey sandstone cherry ndi ochokera ku North America. Kumeneku kumamera pamphepete mwa mitsinje ndi nyanja, ndipo nthawi zina zimapezeka pamapiri. Madontho okoma Grace Bessey akhoza kukhala chokongoletsera chachikulu cha munda wamunda uliwonse.
Chifukwa cha mchere wochuluka wa zipatso wotchedwa cherry cherry kwa nthawi yaitali watenga chidaliro cha wamaluwa ambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Sikofunika kuti asamalire, ali ndi chilala cholimba chakumana, alibe chidwi kutsika kutentha ndipo amatha kubala chipatso m'mavuto aakulu.
Bessey Cherry: Kufotokozera
Mitundu yonse ya Bessey yaying'ono yamakisiteri ndi yaying'ono kwambiri. Cherry imakula chitsamba chokhala ndi mphukira yolunjika, kufika kutalika kwa mamita oposa theka ndi theka. Chomeracho chiri ndi thupi lofiira mphukira, lophimbidwa ndi kutsogolo-lanceolate, kamene kakang'ono kamakongoletsa masamba, kufika kutalika kosaposa masentimita 5.
Mu autumn, masamba amasintha kuwala kowala. Bessei ali ndi maluwa obiriwira komanso opatsa. Pa nthawi ya kucha, zofiirira-zakuda zowonjezera zipatso ndi m'mimba mwake zosapitirira 1 masentimita zimapangidwa pa nthambi zake, tart kwambiri kwa kukoma.
Bessey ali ndi mbiri yabwino yokongola zomera. Izi zikufotokozedwa ndi mfundo yakuti panthawi ya maluwa yonse chitsamba chimaphimbidwa ndi kanyumba kakang'ono ka maluwa oyera omwe ali ndi stamens yofiira. Kuonjezera apo, pa chomera chimodzicho amapezeka mzimayi ndi maluwa maluwa.
Chomeracho chimakhala chachikondi kwambiri ndipo chimasonyeza kukula kwakukulu bwino. Chikhalidwe sichimafuna kuti nthaka ikhale yovuta, yomwe imapangitsa kuti ikhale yolimba bwino pamtundu uliwonse wa nthaka.
Kodi chitumbuwa cha mchenga ndi chiyani, mitundu ya bessey
Bessei anawerengedwa pakati pa zikhalidwe mu 1756. Chifukwa cha kulawa kwa astringent, kanali kogwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pofuna kukongoletsera, kuteteza malo kuchokera ku mphepo, kukopa mbalame za nyimbo, komanso ngati chomera.
Posachedwapa, obereketsa abweretsa mitundu yatsopano ya yamatcheri a Bessey ndi makhalidwe abwino.
M'zaka za zana la 19, Charles Bessie, pulofesa wa botani ku yunivesite ya North America ku boma la Nebraska, adafotokoza mtundu wina wa mchenga wotchedwa Cherry, womwe unatchulidwa ndi sayansi - Cerasus besseyi. Chifukwa chake, Bessey Cherry ndi gawo lochepa la chitumbuwa cha mchenga. Besanists-taxonomists amati Bessel amapita ku mchenga wotsika kwambiri wamchenga ndipo amatchedwa Microcerasus pumila var.besseyi.
Mukudziwa? Anthu ambiri okonza masewerawa amagwiritsa ntchito yamatcheri opanda chotupitsa kuti apange mazenera pa ziwembu. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito nthawi zambiri pamene kuli kofunika kukonza makhalidwe okongola a malo pomwe miyala kapena mchenga umalamulira.The gerbil cherries ndi bessey yamatcheri si yamatcheri oyambirira. Zonsezi ndizochokera ku ma microwaves ndipo ndi achibale ake a plums, ndipo, pambali pazi, sizizika mizu ngati scion ndipo sizimayenderana ndi cherries weniweni. Koma mbali ina, iwo amadutsa mwangwiro ndi plums, mapichesi ndi apricots, komanso mitundu ina ya mitengo ya zipatso.
Mbali za kukula mchenga chitumbuwa, kusankha malo kumunda
Musanayambe kusankha malo m'munda wa bessei, muyenera kudziwa kumene chitumbuwachi chikukula mumtunda. Mu chilengedwe, zomera zimapezeka pafupi ndi nyanja ndi mitsinje m'mphepete mwa nyanja ya North America. Chikhalidwe sichiri chodabwitsa kwambiri pa nthaka, choncho chikhoza kulimbidwa bwino pamtundu uliwonse wa dothi.
Posankha malo obzala, chisankho chiyenera kuperekedwa ku dothi lamchenga. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kuti mubzala mitengo ya gerbil kwambiri. Ndikofunika kuti mtunda wa pakati pa 2 ndi 2.5 mamita ukhale pakati pa tchire.
Mbeu za Bessey zimabzalidwa bwino m'nthaka, popeza nthawi yobzala mbewu ikugwirizana ndi nthawi yomwe ikukula, yomwe imapangitsa kuti mbewuyo ikhale mizu bwino.
Ndikofunikira! Mukamagula mbande za chitumbuwa mu kugwa, ndi bwino kuti pasachedwe kukabzala baka padera ndi prikopat mpaka masika. Chowonadi ndi chakuti mphukira yomwe inalibe nthawi yokhala ndi mizu yabwino bwino asanayambe chisanu iyenera kufa.Ngati mukuwerengera pa fruiting yopatsa mbewu, musankhe malo abwino omwe mubzala. Ngakhale kuti chidwi chonse cha chitumbuwacho chinkapangidwa ndi nthaka, zinadziwika kuti chikhalidwe chikuwonetsa chitukuko chachikulu pa dothi la mchenga.
Zofuna za nyengo
Chomera cha Bessey chimakula ku North America. Ndipo kontinenti iyi ikudziwika ndi maiko osiyanasiyana a nyengo: apa pali wina angapeze malo osakanizidwa, otentha, otentha, otentha, amphepete mwa nyanja ndi amphepete mwa nyanja. Izi zimaimira chitumbuwa kuti chigwiritse ntchito ngati chomera chokhala ndi luso lapamwamba. 
Chikhalidwe chimalekerera mosavuta chilala chonse ndi kuchepetsa kutentha kwa -50 ° C. Ngakhale kuti akhoza kukhala ndi moyo wovuta kwambiri, chitumbuwa cha mchenga chidzamva bwino mu nyengo yozizira, kutentha kosapitirira kuposa +24 ° С, koma osati poyerekeza ndi -16 ° С.
Choyenera kukhala malo oti mubzala bessey
Cherry Bessey sichifuna kuti nthaka ikhale yovuta, koma koposa zonse ndizoyenera kulima mchenga wa mchenga umene uli ndi madzi abwino komanso aeration. Kulima "Bessey" kumatithandizanso pa dongo lolemera kapena dothi loamy, komabe, pakali pano, kukonza ngalande, zimalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito miyala kapena miyala yochepetsedwa, ndikumasula mchenga. Zikatero, ngati dothi lopanda mphamvu likuyendera pamtengowu, ndiye kuti kuchepetsa pH ndizophwanyidwa ndi ufa wa dolomite.
Zonse za bwino kubzala mchenga chitumbuwa
Bessei mbande imabzalidwa m'chaka, koma ngati mutagula ziphuphu zomwe mizu yawo imabisidwa m'mbiya yotsekedwa, imatha kubzalidwa kumayambiriro kwa autumn kapena chilimwe.
Mukamabzala mbande, nkofunikira kusamalira kayendedwe ka madzi, chifukwa chinyezi chokhacho chingayambitse matenda a mizu. Mchenga yamtengo wapatali wa mchenga amadziwika ndi kuwonjezeka muzu wopangidwe, motero sasowa zowonjezera kugwiritsa ntchito mizu yotulutsira pobzala.
Momwe mungasankhire sapling
Kuti musaganize chifukwa chake mbande zopanda mbewu sizinayambe mizu, m'pofunika kuchitira mwambo umenewu moyenera. Musanagule mosamala kuyesa mphukira. Ngati ziphuphu zowonongeka kapena zochitika za matenda opatsirana, ndipo mizu yawo yowuma kwambiri, ndiye kuti ndizomveka kukana kugula zizindikiro zoterezi. Mbande yoonongeka ili ndi mphamvu zochepa zomwe sizilola zomera kuti zikhale ndi mizu yonse.
Kukonzekera dzenje
Kawirikawiri, Bessey cherry ndi wodzichepetsa kwambiri, koma musanabzala mbewu, ndi bwino kuti mudzidziwe nokha ndi zina mwazokha. Mukasankha pa kusankha malo otsetsereka, muyenera kukonzekera dzenje. Mbande zimakhala pamtunda wa mamita awiri kuchokera kwa mzake, zomwe zimapereka malo okwanira kuti tchire likhalepo. Kenaka konzekerani dzenje lakuya masentimita 20.
Pachigawo chotsatira, phiri lamtsinje lomwe limapangidwa ndi njerwa kapena zidutswa zowonongeka, zomwe zimapangidwa ndi nthaka 15-20 masentimita osakaniza ndi mchenga, humus, sod kapena dothi la mbeu mu chiŵerengero cha 1x1x1, ndilopangidwa pakatikatikati mwa dzenje, ndipo kuphatikizapo feteleza omwe ali ndi gawo lofanana superphosphate, phulusa ndi kompositi.
Momwe mungamere mmera Bessey
Pambuyo pokonza dzenje, sungani dothi mmenemo ndikuyika kudula pamwamba pa phiri. Kenako amawombera ndi kuwaza dziko lapansi ndikuwombera pansi mozungulira. Mutabzala, ndi cuttings amamwe madzi ofunda. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito madzi ozizira chifukwa chowaza, chifukwa izi zingayambitse matenda a mizu ndi matenda a fungal.
Njira Zokwirira Mchenga
Mitengo yonse ya mchenga yamatcheri imabereka bwino kwambiri ndi cuttings, layering ndi mbewu. Pachifukwa chachiwiri, mbewu za chikhalidwe ndizokhazikitsidwa mwachindunji kuchokera ku zipatso. Ngati mukukonzekera kusunga zinthu zakutchire kwa nthawi ndithu, izi siziyenera kuchitika m'makina apulasitiki kapena matumba apulasitiki, koma mu galasi kapena mitsuko yachitsulo, malinga ake omwe sayenera kudyedwa ndi makoswe.
Mukudziwa? Kutentha kwakukulu ndi vuto lalikulu pamene chitumbuwa cha mchenga chimatuluka pachimake, komanso kuti pakhale mvula yowonongeka pa nyengo yamvula, 20 g uchi mu lita imodzi ya madzi iyenera kuchepetsedwa ndi kupopedwa ndi chisakanizo cha tchire. Fungo la uchi lidzakopeka tizilombo, zomwe zimathandiza kuti mbeu ikhale ndi feteleza.Mbeu za Bessey zimakula kwambiri, zomwe zimakuthandizani kuti mukhale ndi mphukira zamphamvu, zomwe zidzasanduka tchire.
Kufalitsa mbewu
Kuberekera kwa mbewu zopanda mbewu sikungotenge nthawi yambiri. Mbewu ya chikhalidwe kumalo otseguka amafesedwa masika kapena autumn pambuyo pa stratification, kuonetsetsa kuti ayamba kumera.
Stratification ndi kutsanzira nyengo yozizira. Pofuna kumanga nyumba, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito moss: ili ndi aeration kwambiri ndipo imakhalabe ndi chinyezi.
Choyamba, mbewu zotupa zimayikidwa pa moss mu chidebe chokonzekera kale ndipo chodzaza ndi dothi lochepa. Kuti mbeu izimbe, zimayikidwa pamalo amdima ndipo zimakhala kutentha kuchokera ku +3 mpaka +6 ° C.
Pamene naklevyvanie zimachitika, kutentha kwafupika kuti 0 ° C, zomwe zidzasintha chitukuko chawo ndi kuteteza mwamsanga kumera. Musanabzala m'nthaka, mbewu zimatenthedwa kwa masiku angapo kutentha osati kupitirira 18 ° C.
Kudula mtengo
Bessey njira yobereketsa kwambiri ya Bessey ndi cuttings. Kupeza kubzala zakuthupi, achinyamata leafy mphukira yamatcheri amadulidwa cuttings 10 mpaka 15 cm yaitali. M'munsi mwachitatu mwa mphukira mosamala kuchotsa masamba onse.
Rooting cuttings anachita mu zikhalidwe zapamwamba chinyezi ndi zolimbitsa zozungulira kutentha mu yapadera substrate. Mphukira imabzalidwa muzakonzedwe zisanayambe kukonzedwa ndi nthaka yosakaniza yokhala ndi sod land, humus ndi mchenga, yotengedwa mu magawo ofanana.
Asanayambe kuwombera, zidutswazo zimalimbikitsidwa kukhala pang'ono shaded, zomwe zidzawateteze ku zotsatira zoipa za dzuwa. Ngati mumachita bwino, masiku 10 mpaka 14 mizu idzawoneka pa mphukira.
Pambuyo panthawiyi, zidutswazo zimakumbidwa ndipo zimatumizidwa kumalo osungiramo nyengo yozizira, popeza kale zikulunga mizu yawo mvula, koma osati mvula yonyowa. Pomwe kufika kasupe, tchire amabzalidwa pamalo osatha.
Kubalanso poyika
Odziwa bwino wamaluwa nthawi zambiri amafalitsa Bessey mwa kuika. Kumapeto kwa nthambi, nthambi zotsikazo zimagwedezeka pansi. Pambuyo pa mphukira, zimaphimbidwa ndi wosanjikiza wa nthaka yosakanizidwa ndi humus, yotengedwa mofanana. Pambuyo pa kugwa kwa tchire, masambawa amalekanitsidwa ndi kholo lachitsamba ndikugawidwa m'magawo ndi mizu ndikubzala pamalo osatha. Cuttings sakulimbikitsidwa kusungidwa, pakuti izi zimachepetsa mphamvu zawo zowonongeka ndikuchepetsetsa mapangidwe a mizu.
Kodi mungasamalire bwanji chitumbuwa cha mchenga?
Ngakhale kuti Bessey chitumbuwa chiri modzichepetsa, kutsatira malamulo osavuta odzala ndi kusamalira kudzakuthandizani kukula zomera zathanzi komanso zamphamvu zomwe zidzakondweretsani inu ndi zokolola zopatsa. Kusamalira mbewu sikungotenge nthawi yambiri, chifukwa ngakhale simungamwe madzi tchire masiku angapo, zomera sizidzatha, chifukwa zimakhala ndi kulekerera kwa chilala. Chikhalidwe sichisamala kuchepa kwa kutentha ndipo chimateteza kwambiri chitetezo cha phytoinfections.
Ndikofunikira! Chifukwa chakuti bessey ndi chikhalidwe chodzikonda chomwe sichifunikira zoonjezerapo, kuti uwonjezere zokolola, nkofunika kudzala tchire zingapo pafupi.Zomwe zimachitika popanga tchire zimafunika nthawi zonse kudulira mitengo, zomwe zidzatetezera ukalamba ndipo zidzasunga zoberekera pamtundu woyenera. Kuthirira mwadongosolo komanso kudyetsa nthawi zonse kudzakuthandizani kuti mukhale ndi zokolola zochuluka chaka chilichonse.
Kusamba malamulo
Pamene mukukula mchenga wamchenga musadalire kupirira kwake kwachilengedwe ndikudalira kuti chomeracho chingathe popanda kuthirira. Kuperewera kwa chinyezi kumachepetsa kwambiri zokolola za chikhalidwe. Gulu la kuthirira kwapamwamba ndilofunika kwambiri pa siteji ya mapangidwe a zipatso: Miphika yomwe imakhala yochepa kwambiri, imakhala ndi zipatso zochepa.
Zowonongeka ndi kulima bessei mu mvula yambiri, chifukwa izi zimayambitsa nkhungu matenda a tchire. Kuthirira tchire ndikofunikira pamene malo apamwamba a nthaka atha kale bwino ndi masentimita angapo, komanso ngati iphwa pansi ndipo ilibe mawonekedwe pamene ikuyesera kufinya phula la dziko lochokera pansi pa chitsamba.
Kodi mungasamalire bwanji nthaka?
Kuti Bessey akule ndi kukula bwino, tchire tiyenera kuchita mosavuta agrotechnical magawo:
- Kupewera kwadongosolo la phesi ndi kuchotsa namsongole;
- Kutsegula mzere wa tsinde pofuna kusintha maonekedwe a aeration;
- kuthirira;
- feteleza za nthaka nthawi ndi nthawi.
Bessey Cherry Fertilizer Tips
Feteleza amachitikira kumayambiriro kwa masika, pamaso pa maluwa. Panthawiyi, ndibwino kuti tipeze fetasi kapena feteleza okhala ndi nayitrogeni m'nthaka, zomwe zidzalimbikitsa chitukuko cha zomera ndikuwonjezera kukula kwa tchire. Pakati pa zamasamba ndi maluwa, mukhoza kusangalatsa mbewuyo ndi njira yothetsera mullein ndi phulusa, zomwe zingathandize kupanga mapangidwe akuluakulu. Mukatha kukolola, musanayambe kuzizira, mukhoza kuwonjezera mphamvu zowononga zomera pogwiritsa ntchito feteleza zovuta kunthaka.
Momwe mungatetezere yamatcheri kuchokera ku tizirombo ndi matenda
Mu malo awo okhala, mchenga wa mchenga sungathe kudwala matenda. Komabe, pamene chomera chikulimidwa pansi pa mikhalidwe yapamwamba chinyezi, mwayi wa matenda opatsirana ndi fungal phytoinfections kwambiri ukuwonjezeka. 
Kukwaniritsidwa kwa malamulo osavuta kudzakuthandizani kupewa chitukuko cha matenda a fungal:
- kuchotsedwa kwa masamba ogwa kuchokera pa webusaiti mu autumn;
- kudulira nthawi zonse za mphukira zakuwonongeka;
- kulandira zomera ndi 3% njira ya ferrous sulphate musanayambe maluwa;
- kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa tchire musanafike pachimake masamba ndi 1% yothetsera Bordeaux osakaniza;
- Kuchiza zilonda kuchokera ku mankhwala a chingamu.
Bessey chitumbuwa sichimakhudzidwa ndi zirombo; Chowonadi n'chakuti panthawi ya maluwa zomera zimapanga fungo labwino kwambiri moti tizilombo sitikukonda kwambiri.
Malamulo a Sandry Pruning
Kudulira mchenga yamatcheri sikumasiyana ndi kudulira mbewu zina za zipatso. Kudulira Bessi - chochitika chofunika kwambiri chomwe chimalola zomera kuti zikhale bwino komanso malinga ndi kuthekera kuti zisunge mphamvu zawo za fruiting.
Ndikofunikira! Kumbukirani kuti nthambi zakale zotchedwa gerbil zomwe zafika zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi zidzakupatsani zochepa zokolola, ndipo zipatso zawo zidzakhala zochepa komanso zochepa.
Malamulo ofunika kuti apangidwe mabasiketi a Bessey:
- m'chaka choyamba cha moyo wa mbande, mphukira imadulidwa 5-10 masentimita kuchokera pamwamba;
- kawirikawiri kuchotsani nthambi zomwe zafika zaka zapakati pa chomera, chifukwa ndi mphukira zazing'ono zomwe zimapereka zipatso;
- kuwonjezereka kwa mphukira kumaonekera mu mphukira kufika kutalika kwa masentimita 50, choncho yesetsani kusiya nthambi za kukula uku pa tchire.
Kukolola
Chikhalidwe chimakula bwino pakatikati kapena kumapeto kwa August, koma pa nthawi yomweyi zipatso zake sizidalira okha, zimatsalira pa nthambi. Zipatso zowonongeka ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa zimayamba kutaya nyenyezi ndipo zimapukuta pang'ono, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale ndi makhalidwe abwino ndipo zimapatsa kukoma kwa piquancy.
Bessey Cherry: Sandy Cherry Ndizochita
Kulima kwa chitumbuwa cha Bessey chili ndi ubwino ndi ubwino wake. Choncho, n'chiyani kwenikweni kukopa chikhalidwe cha wamaluwa:
- ali ndi makhalidwe okongoletsera okwezeka;
- ali ndi mphamvu zabwino kwambiri;
- Osatengeka ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndipo ali ndi chitetezo chokwanira chotsutsana ndi phytoinfections;
- safuna chisamaliro chapadera;
- akhoza kukula bwino ndi kubala chipatso m'mavuto ovuta;
- Amadziwika ndi kulekerera kwa chilala komanso kukwanitsa kutentha kwa -50 ° C.
Besseya ndi chikhalidwe chabwino kwambiri kuti, pobwezera chidwi ndi chisamaliro, adzayankha ndi maonekedwe okongola ndi zipatso zokoma.Ndipo kupatula izi, zimapulumuka mwakuya kulikonse kwa nyengo, chifukwa ngakhale omwe akukhala kumpoto adzatha kulima m'minda yawo.
