Hydrangea yoyipa imafunika kutsatira malamulo ena a chisamaliro. Chikhalidwecho nthawi zambiri chimakula, chifukwa chimadziwika ndi masamba okongola omwe amakongoletsa tsamba lililonse.
Kutanthauzira kovuta kwa hydrangea
Shrub ndi ya banja la a Gortenziev. Itha kufikira kukula kwakukulu. Ndikusankha koyenera dothi limakula msanga.
Chiyambi
Zomera zidawoneka koyamba ku Japan. Popita nthawi, chikhalidwechi chidayambitsidwa ndi alendo apaulendo ena, ndipo chimagwiritsidwa ntchito chokongoletsa minda ya anthu abwino. Ku Europe, mmera udawoneka koyamba mu 1820. Hydrangea yoyipa imagawidwa kukhala mitundu, iliyonse yomwe ili ndi mawonekedwe ake.
Ma hydrangea oyipa m'nyumba yanyengo yachilimwe
Ndikofunikira kudziwa! Poyamba, panali mitundu iwiri yokha ya tchire yomwe imaluwa ndi masamba oyera ndi apinki. Tsopano ma hybrids ambiri okhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana adalizidwa.
Mawonekedwe
Hydrangea yoyipa ili ndi izi:
- Kutalika kwa tchire kumafikira 2 metres. Kufalitsa nthambi.
- Masamba ndi owota, velvet, wobiriwira. Pamapeto kwa nthawi yophukira, masamba amasintha mtundu ndikupanga chikaso.
- Zomera zimatha kulekerera kutentha pang'ono ndipo ndizoyenera zigawo zomwe zimakhala ndi nyengo yozizira.
- Mizu yake imapangidwa bwino ndipo imatha kulowa pansi.
Chikhalidwe chili ndi mawonekedwe ake
Hydrangea imayamba kuphulika kumapeto kwa Julayi ndipo imapitilira mpaka pakati pa Seputembala. Maluwa amatha kukhala oyera, lilac kapena pinki, kutengera mitundu. Masamba ali munthaka. Maluwa akuluakulu amakhala kumapeto. Pakati, masamba ndi ocheperako komanso ochulukirapo mtundu.
Ubwino ndi kuipa
Mtengowo uli ndi zabwino komanso zoyipa zomwe zimaganiziridwa mukabzala:
- Nthawi zambiri chikhalidwe chimamera ngati mbewu yofunika pabedi lamaluwa;
- maluwa ali nthenga nthenga zake pachimake;
- choyenera kuphatikizira kumalo atsopano okukula;
- kufalitsidwa ndi njira zosiyanasiyana;
Khungubwe losatha limafunika kukonzekera nyengo yachisanu. Izi zimabwezeranso makamaka kumadera ozizira.
Zimauma
Chomera chimakhala ndi pafupifupi kutentha kwa dzinja ndipo chimatha kupirira mpaka -25 25. Ndikangokhala ndi chisanu pang'ono, mphukira zimatha kuwonongeka, koma nthawi yophukira mizu imapatsa mphukira zazing'ono. Pokhala malo osayenera, mizu imakulirakulira, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimachititsa kuti mbewuyo ithe.
Zosiyanasiyana zama hydrangea oyipa
Hydrangea woyipa nthawi zambiri amapezeka m'malo ngati malo okongoletsera.
Zachikulu
Mitundu ya Hydrangea sargentiana imasiyana ndi oimira ena amtundu wazomera. Amatha kufikira masentimita 20. Nthawi yomweyo amakhala ndi mtundu wobiriwira wobiriwira. Kutalika kumafika mita imodzi. Chikhalidwe chikuyamba kuphuka mkatikati mwa Julayi ndikupitilira mpaka kumapeto kwa Seputembala. Masamba ali ndi utoto wofiirira. M'mphepete mwake mumakhala miyala ikuluikulu ikuluikulu. Mu nthawi yophukira, Sargent hydrangea imakonzedwa kwathunthu ndikuphimbidwa mosamala.
Hydrangea wamkulu m'munda
Chocolate Otentha
Hot Chokolit hydrangea ndi chatsopano. Ili ndi masamba akulu okhala ndi mawonekedwe oyipa. Kutalika kwa tchire kumatha kufika mamita 2.5. Mphukira zimapangidwira kwambiri, mpaka kufika mainchesi 1 mita. Masamba ndi ofiirira, okhala ndi inflorescence yapinki yapinki. Nthawi ya maluwa ndiyambira pakati pa Juni mpaka Okutobala.
Hot Chocolate Hydrangea
Itha kulolera kutentha pang'ono mpaka -20 ℃. Hydrangea Chocolate Hot amakhala ndi chitetezo chokwanira cha matenda.
Tcherani khutu! Mosiyana ndi mitundu ina, Chokocolate chimabwezeretsedwa mwachangu pambuyo pobzala masamba a mphukira.
Macrophyll
Mitundu ya hydrangea yoyipa ya Macrophil imatha kufika mita imodzi kutalika. Kutalika kwa masamba a Sargent hydrangea ndikubzala koyenera ndi chisamaliro kumafika masentimita 30. Pamaso pake pamakutidwa ndi laling'ono, lowongoka. Macrophylla chitsamba pachimake ndi utoto wofiirira wofiirira wokhala ndi masamba akuluakulu oyera m'mbali, omwe amatha kufalikira mpaka masentimita 15.
Hydrangea Macrofill
Zomera zimatulutsa kuyambira pakati pa Juni mpaka kumapeto kwa Seputembala. Kukonza zochepa, kumatha kulekerera kutentha pang'ono mpaka -20 ℃.
Kunja kofikira
Ma hydrangea akulu nthawi zambiri amakulitsidwa kunja. Kubzala ndi chisamaliro kumafuna kutsatira malamulo osavuta.
Kusankha ndikukonzekera malowo ndi nthaka
Kwa hydrangea, yoyipa imasankhidwa kuti ikhale malo otentha, owala bwino ndi dzuwa. M'nyengo yotentha, ndikofunikira kuti chitsamba chizikhala mumthunzi wowala. Izi zitha kuchepetsa mavuto pa masamba ndi masamba. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kubzala tchire pafupi ndi mipanda kapena kupanga ma canopies apadera.
Kusankha bwino malo obzala chitsamba ndiye njira yabwino yopatsira maluwa
Kuti zikule mwachangu, nthaka yopepuka, yopatsa thanzi imasankhidwa. Musanabzale, malowa amayeretsedwa ndi udzu ndi kukumba, konzani malowo kuti mugwa. Kudziwitsidwa ndi kutentha kochepa kumatha kuvulaza tizilombo tating'onoting'ono ndi mphutsi za tizilombo.
Musanayambe kubzala mmera, ndikofunikira kupanga bwino zakuphatikiza ndi michere. Kuti zikule mwachangu, humus, peat ndi dothi lodziyankhira zimasakanizidwa gawo limodzi. Dothi limasakanizika bwino ndipo ziphuphu zimachotsedwa.
Ndikofunikira! Kuti chomera chikule msanga, timalimbikitsidwa kuphatikiza nthaka pang'ono.
Zomwe zimabzalidwe bwino pafupi
Hydrangea aspera imatha kulimidwa ndi mitundu yonse yazomera. Nthawi zambiri, mbewu zimabzalidwa pansi pa mitengo yazodzikongoletsera kapena zitsamba. Njira yothetsera izi sikukongoletsa malowa, komanso zimathandizira kuti pakhale malo amtambo a hydrangea. Kubzala mbewu zotsatirazi pamalo amodzi ndizotheka:
- zitsamba zosatha;
- ma hybrid oyipa;
- mliri;
- lilac;
- machone
Kusankha koyandikana ndi mbewu
Mukamasankha mbewu zoyandikana, zimawonetsetsa kuti mbewu zimakonda zomwe zimakonda posankha dothi.
Momwe mungabzalire
Mukabzala chitsamba, ganizirani zinthu zake:
- pa tsamba lakonzedwa ndikupanga mabowo akuya masentimita 40 ndi mainchesi 50;
- Zidutswa zazing'onoting'ono kapena njerwa zosweka zayikidwa pansi pa dzenjalo (zimagwira ngati ngalande);
- kutsanulira mchere wosakaniza ndi zitsimezo, mutapanga dzenje, ikani mmera;
- kuwaza ndi dothi ndikusintha mosamala;
- kuthiriridwa ndi madzi ambiri.
Zinthu zodzala mmera
Zambiri! Chapakatikati, mmera umakutidwa ndi botolo la pulasitiki usiku, lomwe limachepetsa chiwonongeko chakuwonongeka kwa mphukira zazing'ono pamunsi kutentha.
Kusamalira mbewu
Kuti mmera udze msanga, ndikofunikira kusamalira bwino mbewu.
Kuthirira
Pakakulitsa mbande, chomera chimafuna madzi ambiri. Amathiriridwa kawiri pa tsiku. Chomera chachikulu chimamwe madzi kamodzi patsiku dzuwa litalowa.
Ndikofunikira kudziwa! Kwa hydrangea yoyipa, ndikofunikira kupopera madzi pamasamba ndikuwombera madzulo masiku awiri aliwonse.
Feteleza ndi umuna
M'chaka choyamba, kuvala pamwamba sikogwiritsidwa ntchito. Chotsatira chakumapeto, feteleza wa nayitrogeni amawonjezeredwa kuti adzakulitse mbewuyo. Mwa feteleza wovuta, mullein sitimadzipereka ndi madzi gawo la 1:10 angagwiritsidwe ntchito. Mu nthawi yophukira, mmera umadyetsedwa feteleza ndipo umapita munthaka.
Ntchito feteleza
Zindikirani! Kuti mphukira zisunthike komanso kukhala cholimba, ndikofunikira kupopera chitsamba ndi yankho la manganese kamodzi pa sabata.
Mulching ndi kulima
Zimabzala mbewu mosamala, popeza mizu ya chitsamba imakula bwino. Njira zoyambira zimatha kukhala m'mizere kumtunda ndipo nthawi zambiri zimafa zikaonongeka. Ma singano ophatikizika amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mulch. Imagawidwanso pakati pa tchire, ndipo imakhala chinyezi kwa nthawi yayitali.
Kudulira
Hydrangea yoyipa mchaka choyamba cha kukula sikulimbikitsidwa kuti idapangidwe. Kuyambira chaka chachiwiri, mbewuyi imadulidwa kumayambiriro kwamasika. Chapakatikati, mphukira zosweka ndikuwonongeka zimachotsedwa. Osachotsa mphukira zokulira mkati mwa chitsamba. Ngati angafune, wofesayo maluwa amatha kufupikitsa nthambi, ndikupatsa chitsamba moyenerera.
Kupangira tchire
Kukonzekera yozizira
Kukonzekera chisanu kumachitika kumapeto kwa September. Tchire ikatha, feteleza organic umayikidwa. Tchire limangirizika ndi chingwe ndipo limapinda pansi mosamala. Denga la agrofibre limayikidwa pamwamba ndipo nthambi za spruce kapena nthambi za spruce zimayikidwa molingana. Kwa zigawo zozizira, kuwonjezera apo gwiritsani ntchito zinthu zakale zotentha pogona.
Kukonzekera yozizira
Ndikofunikira! Chitsamba chimatsegulidwa kokha ndi zoopsa zochepa za chisanu chamadzulo.
Kuswana
Hydrangea imatha kufalitsa pogwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana. Njira yoyenera kwambiri imatsimikiziridwa payekhapayekha ndi wopatsa mphamvu.
Kulima mbewu
Mbewu zimakololedwa mu kugwa. Mabokosi ang'onoang'ono amapangidwa pa masamba. Kudula mosamala masamba ophukawo, ikani chiwiya pamanja ndi manja anu ndikutenga mbewu. Kubzala mbewu kumachitika mu Marichi. Kuti muchite izi, konzekerani nthaka yapadera. Patulani mumakapu ang'onoang'ono ndikuthirira ndi madzi. Mbewu imayikidwa m'nthaka ndi masentimita 1. Ikuphimba ndi kanema ndikuyika pawindo, nthawi zonse kumanyowa.
Njira yofalitsira mbewu
Zambiri! Ataoneka kuti mphukira, zimakhoterera ndikuyika mbande m'magalasi osiyana.
Kudula
Ndikofunikira kukolola zodula mchaka. Akuwombera ndi masamba awiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Pansipa pangani kudula ndikudula mphukira ku Kornevin kwa maola awiri. Gwiritsani ntchito chidebe chomwe chili ndi zosakaniza ndi michere, zomwe zimakhala ndi peat ndi humus. Zodulidwa zimabzalidwa ndikufundidwa ndi botolo la pulasitiki lopanda mbewu.
Kufalitsa kwa haidrangea ndi odulidwa
Nthawi ndi nthawi kuthirira zodulira ndikumazisasa masiku onse atatu kuchokera pa mfuti yolusa. Pambuyo pakuwonekera kwa mizu, zodulidwa zimabzalidwa panthaka.
Gawo logawa
Pofuna kubereketsa, muyenera kukumba chitsamba chachikulire ndikugawa bwino muzuwo m'magawo. Gawo lililonse liyenera kukhala ndi impso. Zina mwa tchire zimabzalidwa nthawi yopitilira ndipo zimapatsidwa feteleza wovuta.
Kufalitsa mabatani
Kuyika
Njira yosavuta yopangira mbande za hydrangea zazing'ono. Zoweta mu yophukira kapena koyambirira kwa masika, mphukira yachinyamata ya 1 chaka yosankhidwa imasankhidwa. Pindani pamwamba panthaka ndikupanga mawonekedwe ochepa. Kugwiritsa ntchito zokonza. Kuwaza ndikunyowa pafupipafupi. Mbande yokhazikika itayamba kupanga nthambi zazing'ono. Pambuyo pake, nthambiyo imasiyanitsidwa ndi chitsamba ndikubzala pamalo okhazikika.
Kufalikira kwa chitsamba pogwiritsa ntchito zigawo
Ndikofunikira kudziwa! Ndikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito njira yofalitsira poyambira kumayambiriro kwa kasupe. Mukamaliza molondola, mmera womaliza udzakhala wokonzeka kumuika kumalo osatha okhazikika ndikugwa.
Matenda ndi tizirombo, njira zowathetsera
Ngakhale chomera sichitha kuthana ndi matenda, mavuto akhoza kuchitika pakubzala:
- Powdery mildew - kutulutsa imvi kumawonekera pamitengo. Mankhwala, Bordeaux imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Njira ina ndi mankhwala a Fundazole.
- Dzimbiri - yowonetsedwa ndi mawanga a bulauni pamasamba. Pofuna kuthana ndi mankhwalawa Topaz.
Kuphatikiza pa matenda, mmera ungagwidwe ndi tizirombo:
- Ma nsabwe ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono timene timadya chakudya chambiri ndipo titha kubweretsa chitsamba m'nthawi yochepa. Kuti muthane ndi vutoli, tikulimbikitsidwa kupopera ndi yankho la sokosi.
- Spider mite - tizilombo tomwe timapanga timadzanja tating'onoting'ono pamabingu ndi masamba. Imafalikira mwachangu, kudya msuzi wa chikhalidwe. Kuti athane, chitsamba chimathandizidwa ndi Vermitek.
Limodzi mwa zovuta zofala ndikuwoneka kwa slugs. Kuti muthane ndi tizirombo, makina opanga ma slgs amachitika.
Kugwiritsa ntchito ma hydrangeas oyipa popanga mawonekedwe
Hydrangea woyipa amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mundamo ngati chomera chachikulu, kapena ngati msana wa mbewu zina. Osakanikirana ndi mbewu zazikulu-zokhala ndi masamba. Nthawi zambiri baka limagwiritsidwa ntchito kukongoletsa njira. Poterepa, tchire limadulidwa nthawi zonse ndikuwapatsa mawonekedwe oyenera.
Gwiritsani ntchito kapangidwe kake
Kulima hydrangea koyipa kumakupatsani mwayi wokongoletsa mwachangu munda. Chikhalidwe chikukula msanga, ndipo m'nthawi yochepa chimasangalatsa. Kukula tchire, mmera umathiriridwa madzi nthawi zonse ndipo michere yofunika imawonjezeredwa.
