Duwa la Crocus - mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mbewu za m'mundamo

Ma Crocuses ndi primroses ofatsa omwe ali m'gulu loyambirira kulandira masika. Zomera zimatha kubzala osati kunyumba, komanso kutchire. Kutsatira malamulo osavuta osamala kumakupatsani mwayi wokhala ndi chikhalidwe chokongoletsa, chokondweretsa maluwa ambiri.

Kufotokozera ndi katundu wothandiza

Crocus ndi chikhalidwe chamuyaya chomwe chinali chofunikira m'masiku a afara achiiguputo. Saffron (tanthauzo la mawuwa mu Chiarabu) ndi woimira banja la a Kasatikov. Akatswiri amawerengetsa mitundu yoposa 100 yazomera.

Kutalika kwa zimayambira kumafikira masentimita 20-25. Nthaka zimayandikira pafupi ndi mizu ya safironi. Chifukwa cha izi, nthawi yamaluwa, crocus imakhala ndi zinthu wamba ndi tulips. Maluwa ooneka ngati goblet ali ndi miyala 6, yojambulidwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Maluwa sangakhale a monochrome okha, komanso awiri-toni. Potere, ma stamens amapaka utoto wachikaso kapena lalanje.

Saffron

Zothandiza katundu

Saffron imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zinthu zodzikongoletsera komanso mankhwala. Crocus, chifukwa cha zomwe zili ndi zinthu zambiri zofunikira, imatha kukhudza bwino:

• m'mimba thirakiti;
• mantha dongosolo;
• ntchito ya mtima minofu;
• genitourinary dongosolo.

Ntchito Yophika

Saffron imapereka kukoma kwapadera ndi mthunzi wokongola ku mbale iliyonse. Spice ikhoza kuwonjezeredwa ndi mabala ozizira, mbale za nsomba ndi mphodza zamasamba. Kuphatikiza apo, ophika amagwiritsa ntchito zonunkhira pokonzekera zakudya, zonona ndi mafuta ophikira.

Kugwiritsa ntchito safironi pakuphika

Kufotokozera zamitundu yamaluwa yotumphuka

Pali mitundu yambiri ya safironi yomwe imakondwera maluwa m'miyezi yophukira. Pansipa pali mitundu yotchuka kwambiri kuchokera pagululi.

• Spring crocus - chomera chomwe chimamera kunyumba, chimatha kutalika masentimita 16 mpaka 171. Pamwamba pa corms chimakutidwa ndi mamba mesh. Masamba osalala amapaka utoto wobiriwira. Maluwa ali ndi mawonekedwe okhala ndi belu okhala ndi machubu aatali, mthunzi wake ukhoza kukhala woyera, ngati chipale kapena chofiirira. Kuchokera pa bulb iliyonse, maluwa awiri 1-2 amakula. Nthawi yamaluwa - milungu itatu.
• Maluwa awiri okhala ndi maluwa awiri, omwe maluwa ake amapakidwa utoto wamaluwa. Kunja kwa masamba ake kumakhala masamba otuwa. Pharynx wamaluwa amatha kukhala oyera kapena achikasu.
• Golden crocus imafikira kutalika kwa masentimita 19 mpaka 20. Mababu amapatsidwa mwachilengedwe mawonekedwe. Maluwa okhala ndi ma perianths amaweramira penti yagolide wachikasu. Kutalika kwa maluwa sikupita masiku 20.
• Crocus Tomasini, womwe umatha kukhala wamkulu m'nyumba. Akatsegulidwa, amafanana ndi nyenyezi. Ma machubu a maluwa amapaka utoto. Kuchokera pa bulb iliyonse, maluwa 2-3 amapangidwa. Maluwa amapitilira masiku 17-20.

Maluwa okongola

Kufotokozera kwamitundu yamitundu yamaluwa yophukira

Mwa mitundu yabwino kwambiri ya ng'ona zomwe zimamera m'dzinja, ndikofunikira kuwunikira:

• Maluwa okongola, otchulidwa ndi maluwa a chic violet-lilac, m'mimba mwake omwe amatha kupitirira masentimita 6.5. Chomera chimatha kuphuka mu 10-15th ya Seputembala. Mitsempha yautali yomwe ili pamwamba pa maluwa imapaka utoto wofiirira.
• Korona wokongola ndi safironi wosiyanasiyana, ndipo pamakhala mikwingwirima yakuda pamaluwa a maluwa ofiirira. Pa chitsamba chilichonse, mpaka maluwa 10 amaphuka. Maluwa nthawi zambiri amapezeka kumapeto kwa Seputembara. Zosiyanasiyana zimatha kupirira chilala chamadzulo.
• Banat crocus ndi safironi yosiyanasiyana, yodziwika ndi maluwa okongola opaka utoto wotuwa wa lilac. Mtundu wa ma anthers ndi wachikaso. Kutalika kwa tsinde kumafika 13-14 cm.

Ngwazi zazikulu zazikulu

Ng'ona zazitali zazikulu, zomwe zimakondwera ndi maluwa a chic, zinkakondweretsedwa ndi ambiri wamaluwa. Pansipa pali mitundu yotchuka kwambiri.

• Albion, wodziwika ndi mitundu ya mawonekedwe a goblet, wopaka utoto yoyera. Kutalika kwa inflorescence kumafika masentimita 4. Zigawozo zakhala zozungulira.
• Vangard ndi safironi yosiyanasiyana yosanja yokhala ndi maluwa okongoletsedwa a phale la lilac-buluu. Danga la inflorescence lili m'lifupi mwake masentimita 3.5-4.
• Jubiles ndi ng'ona momwe maluwa obiriwira, okhala ndi mawonekedwe a goblet, ali ndi tint yofiirira.
• Sniper Banner - mitundu yambiri yamakhola, yodziwika ndi maluwa ooneka ngati goblet. Maukonde omwe ali ndi ma tulo ndi ozungulira. Kunja kwake kulijambulidwa ndi ma toni amtundu wa lilac, ndipo mkati mwake mumafanana ndi ma mesa amdima a lilac.
• Caitlin Parlow ndi mitundu yomwe maluwa ake oyera amawoneka okongola kwambiri komanso okongola. Pafupi ndi tsambalo pali maloboti amkati ndi kukhalapo kwa milac yochepa.

Chrysanthus

Zomera zokongoletsera za gulu la chrysanthus zimakhala ndi mitundu yambiri ya crocus, yosangalatsa ndi maluwa achikasu achikasu ndi amtambo. Mwa mitundu yochititsa chidwi kwambiri, ndikofunikira kuwonetsa:

Crocus Jeepsey Msungwana

• Gypsy Girl ndi mitundu yomwe maluwa ake otuwa ndi otseguka. MALO amkati mwazipalalo amajambulidwa ndi tinthu tachikasu, ndipo wakunja amatulutsa utoto wachikasu.
• Marietta ndi chomera chodabwitsa chomwe chimaphatikiza bwino maonekedwe achikasu owala ndi zonona. Mbale zamtundu wachilengedwe zimadalirana mwachilengedwe. Malamba achikasu amatha kukongoletsa bedi lililonse la maluwa.
• Lady Killer ndi chikhalidwe chokongoletsera, chomwe maluwa ake amawoneka osalala, ngakhale ali ndi mawonekedwe. Pawiri m'mimba mwake imatha kufika 3 cm.
• Saturnus imasiyanitsidwa ndi mitundu yosalala, yotseguka, yomwe m'mimba mwake mulifupi 32 mm. Madera akumtunda a lobes, opaka utoto wa kirimu, amawongolera pang'ono. Pansi pa malo opondera, mawanga obiriwira obiriwira amatha kupezeka.

Crocuses: Kukula ndi chisamaliro

Kodi mumakula bwanji ng'ona? Kuti crocuses ikule bwino komanso kusangalala ndi maluwa a chic, ndikofunika kutsatira malangizo oyambira kusamalira pokolola. Onani zambiri za momwe mungakulire mamba m'munsimu.

• Mukamasankha malo oti mubzale ma crocuses m'mundamo, ndibwino kuti muzikonda madera abwino. Mukakulitsa tchire pamthunzi, masamba sadzatha kutseguka kwathunthu.
• Dothi lodzala liyenera kuthiridwa. Ndikofunika kubzala maluwa osakanizika ndi dothi lamasamba, peat komanso gawo laling'ono la manyowa. M'pofunika kuganizira kuti kusayenda kwa chinyezi chambiri kumakwiyitsa kuwola kwa mababu. Dothi lamakonoli limatha kukhala ndi mchenga komanso miyala.
• Saffron amafunika kuthirira mwadongosolo. Nthawi yopumira ikayamba, mbewuyo imathiriridwa.
• Pakatha miyezi iwiri iliyonse amafunika kudyetsa maluwawa ndi feteleza ochepa, omwe amakhala ndi phosphate ndi potaziyamu.
• Crocus ndi mbewu yomwe ili m'gulu la mbewu zomwe zimakonda kutentha, ndiye kuti kutentha m'chipindacho komwe kuli miphika yokhala ndi maluwa sikuyenera kugwa pansi pa madigiri 17.

Chisamaliro cha Crocus ndichosavuta. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ngakhale olima maluwa opanda luso sangakulitse chikhalidwe chokongoletsera.

Maluwa

Nthawi zambiri mutha kukumana ndi funso la wamaluwa osadziwa omwe adabwera ndi lingaliro kuti akulitse zigwegwe mbewu izi zikagwa.

Nthawi yamaluwa imatha kukhala osiyanasiyana kutengera mitundu. Maluwa ooneka ngati goblet opezeka pamapazi achidule ali ndi mitanda 6. Ataphuka, maluwa amatenga mawonekedwe kapena nyenyezi. Ma inflorescence amapentedwa muzithunzi zingapo. Kusintha kwamaluwa kumachitika ndi tizilombo.

Zithunzi za kuphukira kwa masika ndi yophukira

M'miyezi yophukira, ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti mubzale mitundu yomwe imamasulidwa mu kugwa. Ngati mumabzala tchire lomwe limaphuka nthawi imeneyi, mutha kusilira maluwa achichewa kale nyengo ino.

Chikhalidwe chokongoletsera pakupanga mawonekedwe

Ntchito yayitali masika ikulimbikitsidwa mkati mwa kasupe, pomwe kuwopseza chisanu usiku kwatha.

Ngati ikukonzekera kuti igwe, ndibwino kuikhazikitsa ku Okutobala. Ndipo kumayambiriro kwa Epulo zizikhala zosavuta kutulutsa maluwa ndi maluwa a safroni omwe ali m'gulu la maluwa a masika.

Kubzala ndi kufalitsa njira

Kodi ng’ona zimabala motani? Oyamba kumene akutulutsa maluwa amakono amafunsa funso lofananalo. Ma Crocuses amafalitsidwa ndi mababu, omwe amatha kudzipatula ku mababu a mayi pa nthawi yoyika mapulani.

Ana olekanitsidwa amatha kusangalatsa patatha zaka 2-3.

Nthawi yakubzala kwa crocus mu nthaka

Ndi njira yobala, ndi pafupifupi zaka 4-5 kuyembekezera kuti chomera chikamasimba koyamba. Njira yofananayi siimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi alimi.

Thirani

Zaka 2-3 zilizonse, ndikofunikira kubzala mababu. Nthawi yosinthira imasankhidwa kutengera mitundu.

Mitundu yamaluwa amaluwa yophukira yophukira ayenera kukumba mu June. Zomera zamaluwa zimasulidwa mu Seputembara.

Mababu atakumba ndikuwuma ndikutsukidwa sikelo zosalongosoka. Mizu yakufa imadulidwa, ndipo mababu odwala ayenera kutayidwa osadandaula. Zowonongeka zamakina zilizonse zimagwiridwa ndi kolaula pang'ono.

Mavuto omwe angakhalepo pakukula

Kutsatira malamulo a ukadaulo wa zaulimi, mutha kumatha kulima zitsamba za thanzi zomwe sizingatenge matenda komanso tizirombo. Komabe, nthawi zina, mitundu imatha kukhala yoyipa:

• mbewa zodyera kumunda;
• ma waya;
• aulesi.

Kupirira tizirombo, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala othandiza monga:

• Actars;
• Agravertine;
• Actellika
• Fitoverma.

Pakasamalidwa bwino maluwawo, kukula kwa nthenda ya fungus kungayambike. Nthawi zambiri, matenda monga fusarium ndi imvi zowola zimatha kuvulaza malo obiriwira. Kuti muthane ndi matendawa, ndikofunikira kuthana ndi mbewu mwachangu pokonzekera.

Crocus ndi duwa lomwe limatha kubzala osati potseguka, komanso m'malo apanyumba. Kusamalira bwino tchire, mutha kumera mbewu zathanzi zomwe zimatha kusangalatsa nyengo iliyonse ndi maluwa owala.