Aucuba - chisamaliro chakunyumba, chithunzi

Aucuba kapena Mtengo wa Golide (Aucuba) - chomera zosowa kwa zaka zambiri zakhala zikukopa alendo ku East Asia kuti awonekere. Pomwe zinali zotheka kuchotsa chachikazi ku Japan, pambuyo pa kuwonekera kwa zipatso pamtengowo, anthu adazindikira kuti aucuba ndi chomera chokongola. Zinatenga chitsamba chachimuna kufalitsa mbewuzo padziko lonse lapansi.

Chomera cholimba kwambiri chitha kukhalapo ngakhale mu mthunzi wakuya wa nkhalango. Pali mitundu 8 yomwe imapezeka ku China, Japan, Korea, Himalayas. Chitsamba chobiriwira nthawi zonse chomwe chili ndi maluwa ofiira sichinasinthidwe kuti chikulidwe m'nyumba. Mtundu wotchuka kwambiri ndi aucuba waku Japan.

Chomera cha Aucuba chokhala ndi mawanga achikasu pachikasu chachikaso nthawi zambiri chimakhala chobiriwira chomwe chimatha kutalika mamita 3-4. Munthawi yamaluwa, nondescript ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono amawoneka ndi ma panicles omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala ofiira kapena ofiirira. Kuchuluka kwa mbewuzo kumakhala kwakukulu, chaka chilichonse kutalika kwa tsinde kumachulukanso ndi 15-20 cm. Kutalika kwa moyo wa chomera chamuyaya mumphika kumatha kukhala zaka 10 kapena kupitirira.

Zothandiza katundu

Zina mwazinthu zothandiza:

• kuyeretsa mpweya kuchokera ku mabakiteriya owopsa;
• mankhwalawa amayaka, chisanu, zotupa, kuluma, thupi;
• kuchitira zilonda.

Imayesa mphamvu zoyipa za anthu, imaganiziridwa kuti ndi mtengo wothandiza mabanja. Duwa limadziwika kuti ndi mascot kunyumba ku China, Korea ndi Japan, komanso posachedwa m'maiko ena ambiri.

Mawonekedwe akukula kunyumba. Mwachidule

Aucuba kunyumba ndizosasangalatsa. Komabe, chisamaliro china chomera chimafunikabe:

Chisamaliro cha Aucuba kunyumba. Mwatsatanetsatane

Tikufika

Malo osakanikirana, peat ndi mchenga amagwiritsidwa ntchito kubzala shrub. Pothira mbewu zachikale, muyenera kusankha njira yosinthira muchiwiya china ndikuchichita mosamala.

Muyenera kubzala zodula mu chisakanizo cha mchenga wa peat kapena mchenga woyera dzuwa likamalowa nthawi yozizira kapena koyambirira kwamasika. Kutentha kuyenera kusungidwa pamlingo wa 20-22 ° C.

Maluwa

Maonekedwe okongola aucube pangani masamba akulu, owala, obiriwira. Ngati aucuba amakula m'nyumba, imatha kuphuka nthawi ndi nthawi. Munthawi imeneyi, inflorescence yapical nthawi zambiri imakhala yofiyira, yamoto, yofiira. Mithunzi imalumikizana bwino ndi masamba obiriwira achikasu.

Ngati pali chomera chilichonse chachimuna ndi chachikazi m'chipindacho, mutatha kutulutsa zipatso zofiira za mawonekedwe owoneka bwino, tidzaganizire za barberry. Nthawi yamaluwa imatha kumapeto kwa dzinja kapena koyambirira kwamasika. Ena amagwiritsa ntchito zipatso zofiirazi kuphika ndi mankhwala achikhalidwe.

Njira yotentha

Kunyumba aucuba amakula bwino mukamayang'ana kutentha kwa kutentha kwa 18-20 ° C m'dzinja ndi masika, 10-14 ° C m'nyengo yozizira. Kutentha kwambiri kumapangitsa kuti masamba achitsamba azituluka. M'nyengo yotentha, mutha kuyika mbewuyo mumphika kunja, koma nthawi yomweyo muyenera kuteteza ku dzuwa ndikuwopa mvula.

Kuwaza

Duwa la Aucub kunyumba limafunikira kuthiridwa mu nthawi yozizira, pamene otenthetsa ndi zida zina ziwuma mpweya kunyumba, kutentha kwapakati kumayatsidwa. Ngati kutentha kwa chipinda kumakhala kotsika, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kuyenera kuchitika mokulira komanso molondola pang'ono, apo ayi izi zidzatsogolera kukuwoneka ndi kufalikira kwa nkhungu.

Munthawi zina, mutha kuyiwala za kupopera mankhwala m'chipinda cha aucuba, palibe chifukwa chochitira izi.

Kuwala

Kuyika mphika pafupi ndi zenera lakumwera kumangokhala kuphwanya. Amakula ngakhale malo otsika kwambiri, koma popanda kuwala njirayi imachepetsa. Mitundu yomwe imakhala ndi masamba obiriwira yakuda imatha kukhalapo ngakhale mthunzi wokhazikika.

Kuthirira

Kuthirira kwambiri kuyenera kuperekedwa kwa duwa mu Meyi ndi miyezi yotentha. Ndikofunika kupatsa madzi chomera pamene nthaka ikuuma.

M'nyengo yozizira komanso nthawi yophukira, mmera sudzafunika kuthirira yambiri. Kuchuluka kwa chinyezi m'nthaka kumayambitsa khungu la mbewuyo, kuwonongeka kwawo.

Mphika

Kusamalira aucuba kumafunikira mwapadera komanso mokwanira, ndiye kuti amatha kukhala moyo wake wonse mumphika womwewo. Chifukwa chake, itha kubzalidwa nthawi yomweyo mumphika waukulu.

Ngati mphika waung'onoting'ono kapena wocheperako amasankhidwa, ndiye kuti m'kupita kwa nthawi mizu yambiri yazomera isokoneza malo abwino.

Chifukwa chake, kuziika pamenepa sitingapewe. Ngati mumasankha poto lalikulu kwambiri, muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti lili ndi madzi abwino.

Dothi

Kuti mupange dothi, muyenera kutengera malo olingana ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono, mchenga wowuma, perlite, chonyowa kapena chinyontho. Ndikofunikanso kupereka mabowo ndi zotayira mumphika.

Feteleza ndi feteleza

Kuvala duwa lanyumba kumachitika ndi kuthirira kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa kasupe mpaka Ogasiti. Kuti muchite izi, mumafunikira feteleza wamamineral mu ndende yokhazikika. Onani gawo lomwe lasonyezedwa pazomwe amapanga. M'dzinja ndi nthawi yozizira, simuyenera kuwonjezera chomera, popeza nthawi imeneyi imakhala loto kwa iye.

Ngati mulibe feteleza wokwanira ndi mavalidwe apamwamba, masamba ang'onoang'ono amawonekera pazomera zake ndi nthambi zake.

Thirani

Zomera zosinthika aucuba kunyumba muyenera chaka chilichonse kuti mufikire zaka 5. Njira yothanirana ndiyofunikanso ngati pakufunika, mizu ikasiya kukwana mumphika. Pambuyo pakufika zaka zisanu, palibe chifukwa chofunikira kumuyika.

Kuti muchite izi mwadongosolo, dothi lonyowa liyenera kuyikidwa pansi pamphika. Izi zithetsa chinyezi chambiri chomwe chimavulaza mbewu. Ndiye kuti ndikosavuta kupanga nthaka kuchokera ku mitundu yomweyo ya peat, pepala nthaka, mchenga. Komabe nthaka ikhoza kukonzedwa kuchokera ku turf ndi sheet sheet, humus, mchenga, peat. Mosamala kwambiri muyenera kuthana ndi mizu ya aucuba mukamayika. Nthawi zambiri amakhala wopatsa mphamvu komanso wokongola.

Kudulira

Mu Marichi, ndikofunikira kudula ndi kutsina achinyamata mphukira. Ndi njirayi yomwe imalola kuti chomera chikhale chobiriwira, ngakhale korona. Mukadulira, mphukira zazing'ono zimatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pobereka.

Nthawi yopumula

Nthawi yopumira kwa chomera cha aucuba imayamba pakati pa nthawi yophukira ndipo imatenga mpaka pakati pa dzinja. Kuyambira mu Okutobala mpaka Mwezi wa February, mbewu zimabisala, njira zambiri zathupi zimalepheretsa kapena kuyimitsidwa kwathunthu. Maluwa samatulutsa masamba atsopano, komanso inflorescence.

Kwa nthawi ya hibernation, amafunika kupereka kutentha kwa 8-14 ° C, kutsirira pafupipafupi komanso pang'ono, sikuyenera kuthira manyowa.

Kuswana

Pakupanga mbewu, njira ziwiri zofalitsira za aucuba zimagwiritsidwa ntchito: kudula ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mbewu.

Kufalikira ndi kudula

Kudula - kubereka, komwe kumaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito mphukira za apical za chaka chatha. Kuti mphukira ichotse mizu, iyenera kukhala ndi masamba atatu.

• Zodulidwa zimayikidwa mu peat kusakaniza kapena mchenga woyera pansi pa polyethylene kapena galasi.
• Sabata lililonse, muyenera kupukuta nthaka ndikuwongolera thanki, kukhalabe ndi kutentha kwa 22 ° C.
• Pokhapokha patatha kuzika mizu muidulidwewo mutha kuwayika m'miphika yosiyanasiyana.

Kukula Aucuba kuchokera ku Mbewu

Kufalikira kwa mbewu kumatanthauza kusonkhanitsa mbewu zatsopano.

• Amuna ndi akazi omwe amawoloka mozungulira, amakondana.
• Mbeu zosonkhanitsidwa ziyenera kufesedwa pansi, komanso yokutidwa ndi galasi kapena polyethylene, yoyikidwa m'malo otentha m'chipindacho.
• Nthawi ndi nthawi, muyenera kuthirira nthaka, podulira thanki.
• Mphukira zamera m'malo mwake. Zitha kuikidwa m'miphika ina pokhapokha masamba atatu atawonekera pazomera zazing'ono. Koma posankha njira iyi, ndikotheka kutaya zilembo zamitundu mitundu.

Matenda ndi Tizilombo

Aplub houseplant angakhudzidwe ndi matenda otere:

• Masamba nsapato nsonga zawo zimasanduka chikaso - kuwala kwambiri.
• Masamba akutha - Izi zikutanthauza kuti sunapangidwe, mulibe michere ndi michere nthaka.
• Masamba otsika amatembenukira chikasu patsogolo pake, amayamba kugwa - kusintha kwakukulu mu kutentha, kutsirira kosasinthika.
• Kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa masamba achikasu pamasamba - Kusowa kwa michere kapena kuwala.
• Mawanga akuda pamasamba- chinyezi chambiri m'nthaka.
• Crohn imawuma -kukhala m'chipinda chokhala ndi mpweya wowuma.
• Woonda amafupika komanso kukula pang'onopang'ono - kusowa kwa chakudya.

Indoor aucuba imathanso kukhudzidwa ndi tizirombo tokhala ngati mavu, tizilombo tambiri, tinthu tosiyanasiyana, timiyulu.

Mitundu ya aucubas opanga ndi zithunzi ndi mayina

Pali mitundu isanu ndi itatu ya mitengo yobiriwira yomwe imamera padzuwa, kuyambira Himalayas mpaka Japan. Koma otchuka kwambiri ndi 2 a iwo.

Aucuba Japan

Chomera chokhala ndi mawonekedwe osalala owoneka bwino mpaka 20 cm. Ngati chikhala bwino pamera, kutalika kwake kungafikire 2 metres. Panthawi yamaluwa, mapani ofiira owoneka bwino.

Kubala ndizosowa kwambiri. Itha kupanga zipatso zoyera, zachikaso, zofiira. Kulima pafupipafupi kumakupatsani mwayi wokongoletsa korona wokongola. Chijapani chimasiyana ndi china mdera komanso kukula kwa malo, ndizofala.

Aucuba Himalayan

mmera womwe ungakhale wofala kwambiri pakukula kwa nyumba. Amasiyana ndi mitundu yam'mbuyomu kukula, mawonekedwe ndi mtundu. Masamba ake ndi owala, owonda komanso obiriwira akuda okhala ndi mbali zomata. Chomera chimakhala ndi mphukira zomwe zimakula mwachangu zomwe zimafunikira kudulira.