Chokongola Anthurium Andre ndi chomera chomwe chimakopa maso ndipo chimakhala chochititsa chidwi cha mkati. Mdima wandiweyani ndi wandiweyani, mabala odzichepetsa a inflorescences ndikufotokoza mabulangete ofiira - zonsezi zimapereka mawonekedwe apadera.
Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana yosiyanasiyana ya "zombo" - zofiirira, zofiirira, zoyera, zakuda. Mosakayikira, pali anthurium pa kukoma konse.
Pamwamba pa izo, kumusamalira sikovuta kwambiri - munthu wobiriwira wobiriwira amakumana mosavuta pansi pa zochitika za mkati.
Kufotokozera
Anthurium Andre kapena Andrianum, wolemekezeka mu Chilatini Anthurium andreanum, ndi membala wa banja la Aroid kapena a Aronnikovye. Dziko lakwawo lingathe kuonedwa ngati nkhalango zam'mapiri a Ecuador ndi Colombia. Mtundu wa Anthurium uli wochuluka kwambiri (kuphatikizapo mitundu 900), ndipo dzina lake limachokera ku mawu achigriki akuti "mchira" ndi "maluwa". Komanso, chomera chimatchedwa "flamingo" kapena "maluwa a sera".
Poyamba Anthurium - Ndi maluwa omwe amamera pamtengo ndi kudya ndi mizu ya mpweya, koma kusinthidwa kukhala moyo padziko lapansi. Pali mitundu yambiri yomwe imapezeka m'mapangidwe a miyala.
Anthurium Andre ndi nthawi yobiriwira yomwe imakhala yofiira ndi masamba ofiira a masamba obiriwira komanso obiriwira. Kutalika kwake kungafike masentimita 30 ndi m'lifupi - 12 cm.. Mbali yosangalatsa ya tsamba ili ndi maziko ooneka ngati mtima.
Maluwa achikasu a mtundu wa manrium amasonkhanitsidwa mwachinsinsi chamtundu wa masentimita 10.
Tsatanetsatane yowonekera kwambiri ya mawonekedwe a zomera zowimira - prisotsvetny pepala-chophimba. Ndiwomveka bwino, mokwanira, mophweka kapena phokoso losiyana komanso mosiyana ndi mawonekedwe a mtima ndi kutchula mitsempha.
Zipatso za Anthurium ndizozungulira, lalanje, kuchoka pang'ono kuchokera maluwa ang'onoang'ono a mphutsi.
Anthurium Andre ali ndi chikondi chachikulu pakati pa obereketsa - mitundu yambiri yabala. Zonsezi zimakhala ndi kukula kosiyana, nyengo ya maluwa (kuchokera mwezi umodzi kufikira chaka chonse) komanso mtundu wa tsamba lachikuda - ndi loyera, lachikasu, la pinki, lalanje, lofiira, lobiriwira, lofiirira, la bulauni, la burgundy, lofiira komanso lachiwiri.
Lifespan maluwa ndi chisamaliro choyenera - 3, ndipo nthawi zina zaka 4. Ndiye chomeracho chimabwezeretsedwa.
Anthurium Andrianum (Andre): kunyumba
Anthurium Andre ankaona kuti ndi yotsika mtengo kwambiri kukula wa abale ake onse. Komabe, sitiyenera kuiwala kuti izi ndi mbadwa za m'nkhalango zam'madera otentha, komwe kumakhala chinyezi chaka chonse ndi malo a maluwa. Zomwezo ziyenera kuwonetsedwa mosamalitsa pamene chomeracho chimasungidwa m'nyumba.
Kuwonjezera apo, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti ziwalo zonse za oimira zachilendo za zomera ndizoopsa. Pamene mumamusamalira, nkofunika kusamala zonse, kugwiritsa ntchito magolovesi a mphira ndi kusamba manja bwinobwino. Nyama yobiriwira iyenera kusungidwa kutali ndi ana ndi ziweto.
Kusankha malo ndi kutentha
Anthurium Andre amakonda kuwala, koma ayenera kukhala pamalo kuti dzuwa lisalowe pamasamba ake. Kwa mawindo oyenera awa alionse, kupatula kumwera. Kuyika chomera pawindo lazenera, ndi kofunika kwambiri kusamalira mthunzi wake mwa mawonekedwe a nsalu yotchinga.
"Mchira wa maluwa" umakonda kutentha, koma zimakhala bwino ku nyengo yotentha yotentha ya latitudes 22 mpaka 25 ° C. M'nyengo yozizira, amamva bwino pa kutentha kwa 16 mpaka 18 ° C. Kuwonjezera apo, ozizira kwa hafu limodzi ndi hafu kwa miyezi iwiri kumapangitsa kuti budding ndi maluwa zikhale bwino.
Kuthirira ndi chinyezi
Pakati pa nyengo yotentha, chomeracho chiyenera kuthiriridwa mochuluka, kuyembekezera chapamwamba pamwamba pa gawo lapansi kuti liume - pafupifupi kawiri pa masiku asanu ndi awiri. Poyamba kuyamwa madzi amachepetsedwa kamodzi pa sabata. Pa nthawi yomweyo, madzi owonjezera mu poto ayenera kuthiridwa.
Anthurium Andre ndi wokonda kwambiri khalidwe la madzi. Ngakhale zofewa, madzi okhazikika si abwino kwa iye. Ndibwino kuti wiritsani kapena acidify ndi acetic acid kapena citric asidi.
Kutentha kwakukulu kuyambira 85 mpaka 95% chaka chonse - chosowa chovuta kwambiri cha anthurium. Ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito njira zonse zomwe zingatheke kukhazikitsidwa. Zabwino zimathandiza tsiku lonse kupopera mbewu zomera m'mawa ndi madzulo. Mukhozanso kukhazikitsa pa thireyi ndi malo odzaza madzi, komanso pafupi ndi malo okhala ndi madzi. Kadinali njira ndizomwe zimakhala zokometsera. Maluwawo samakana kupukuta masamba ndi nsalu yonyowa kapena siponji.
Anthurium amakonda kusamba nthawi zonse mumsamba.
Kupukutira ndi ndege yolimba kuchokera kumbali zingapo kumapangitsa kuwonjezera mizu ya mpweya ndi masamba, kutsukitsa tizirombo ndi fumbi.
Kupaka pamwamba
Pa kukula kwachangu, "maluwa a sera" amadyetsedwa ndi zovuta feteleza kwa maluwa. kamodzi mu masiku 14-15.
Maluwa
Anthurium imamasula kuchokera kumayambiriro kwa kasupe mpaka mochedwa autumn, makamaka mwambiri m'chilimwe. Chochititsa chidwi, pambuyo pa maluwa, chophimbacho chimakhala chobiriwira ndipo chimakhala tsamba wamba. Kuyambira November mpaka January, mbewuyi ikupumula ndi kupeza mphamvu. Monga tafotokozera pamwamba, nyengo yozizira yozizira ndi yofunika kwambiri popanga maluwa.
Kulemba dothi ndi kuika
Nthaka ya Andre Anthurium, yomwe ili ndi theka-epiphyte ndipo ili ndi mizu yambiri ya mlengalenga, iyenera kukhala yowala komanso yabwino.
Kusakaniza kwathunthu kwa orchids. Koma ndibwino kwambiri kukonzekera gawo lanu. Kuti muchite izi, tenga kachilombo kakang'ono ka vermiculite ndi mchenga wambiri komanso zidutswa ziwiri zakuphwanya pine makungwa, peat, coniferous ndi masamba.
Kusakaniza kungapitsidwenso bwino ndi kachipangizo kakang'ono ka kokonati ndi makala ochepa. Moss sphagnum imayikidwa pamwamba pa gawo lapansi.
Young humansriums amaikidwa chaka chilichonse, ndi akuluakulu - poti adzazaza mphika ndi mizu. Mphamvu yatsopano iyenera kutengedwa ndi kukula kwa mbewu. Mumaluwa aakulu kwambiri simungathe kuyembekezera maluwa. Pansi pa thanki iyenera kuperekedwa ndi mabowo akuluakulu odzaza madzi omwe akuphimbidwa ndi madzi okwanira. Musasokoneze mabowo owonjezera m'makona a mphika.
Pamene kuziika ziyenera kusamala kwambiri ndi mizu - ndizovuta kwambiri. Ndibwino kuti pansi pa chitsamba ili pamwamba pa nthaka ndi masentimita 5-6. Pa nthawi yomweyi, mizu ya mlengalenga imakulungidwa mumsasa wa sphagnum.
Thirani mutatha kugula
Peoplerium yatsopano yodula ndi yosayenera kuti nthawi yomweyo ikhale m'malo. Chomera ndi zovuta kwambiri kumasamutsidwa malo, ndi kusintha kwa gawo lapansi - izi ndizowonjezera nkhawa.
Mukhoza kungochotsa mu mphika ndi mosamala, osasuntha pansi, kuyang'ana mizu. Ngati ali ndi thanzi labwino, mukhoza kubwerera kumtsinje ndikuika "kuika kwaokha" - mosiyana ndi maluwa ena.
Kuti zikhale zatsopano, zomerazo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'masabata angapo. Itatha kusintha, mukhoza kubwezeretsa "omidzi atsopano" mu gawo latsopano. Ndi zofunika kusamba nthaka kuchokera ku miyendo yonyamula katundu.
Ngati "mnzanu wobiriwira" watsopano akupezeka mudziko loipa, Mozizira kwambiri komanso mizu yovunda, ndikufunika kuika mwamsanga. Dziko lakale liyenera kutsukidwa ku mizu, ndipo mizu ya matenda iyenera kuchotsedwa.
Kuswana
- Anthurium ikhoza kufalikira m'njira zosiyanasiyana, monga:
- Cuttings. Pamwamba pa tsinde amadulidwa ndikuzika mizu mumbali yosiyana ndi peat kapena dothi losakaniza. Ndikofunika kuti tisapitirize kuwonjezera nthaka, koma kupuma kwabwino sikungapezeke.
- Chigawo cha Rhizome. Panthawi yopatsa, chikwangwani chachikulu chimagawidwa m'magulu angapo. Mudzafunika mpeni wakuthwa ndi mpweya wakuda (kuti mupereke wodulidwa). Nkofunika kuti gawo lirilonse likhale ndi mizu yokwanira ndi zimayambira.
- Leaf. Mukhoza kubzala mu gawo lapansi tsinde ndi tsamba ndi mizu ya mlengalenga. Mphukira imapezeka mofulumira kwambiri.
- Mbewu. Pofuna kusonkhanitsa nyembazo, muyenera kuyamba kuyambitsa inflorescence m'masiku oyambirira a maluwa, nthawi zambiri mutagwiritsa ntchito kabichi kapena ubweya wa thonje. Ndi bwino kuwolokapo timapepala tambiri kapena zingapo m'masiku angapo.
Zipatso za Anthurium zimabala m'miyezi 9 kapena ngakhale chaka. Pamwamba kubzala mbewu zomwe zimachokera ku chipatso kupita pansi ndikuziphwanya pansi, m'pofunika kupanga zinthu zabwino zowera: kutenthetsa ndi pafupifupi 25 ° C, mpweya wabwino ndi watsopano.
Pamene ikukula, makoswe atatu amapangidwa m'zitsulo zing'onozing'ono, kotsiriza - m'phika lonse. Kuwombera kumawonekera patatha miyezi ingapo. Maluwa amayembekezera kokha zaka 3-4.
- Mbali ikuwombera. Kulekanitsa mosamala ndi kubzalidwa muzitsulo zosiyana tchire tating'ono tomwe timakondwera ndi maluwa kwinakwake mu chaka.
Nsonga ya tsinde lowonjezera. Mukhoza kubwezeretsanso chomera chakale chomwe chataya masamba ake apansi mwa kudula pamwamba pake pamodzi ndi mizu iwiri kapena itatu ndikumabzala monga tafotokozera pamwambapa. Ndi zofunika kwa nthawi kuti apange maluwa hothouse, nthawi zambiri kuwaza.Uthenga wabwino - chomera chakale, chotsalira popanda pamwamba, sichiyenera kutaya kunja. Posakhalitsa kupatulidwa kwa "pamwamba" kwake kumadzutsa chimodzi kapena ngakhale impso zingapo. Pambuyo pake, amakula kukhala zomera zazing'ono.
Pambuyo pooneka mizu yawo, iyenera kukhala yosiyana kwambiri ndi tsinde lakale ndikubzala m'mitsuko yaing'ono. Pakatha miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, achinyamatawo adzakhala ndi maonekedwe abwino a anthu akuluakulu.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
- Masamba apindika - kuwala kwakukulu kwambiri.
- Mitengo yakuda pa maluwa - kuthira madzi madontho.
- Mapesi akuzungulira, matenda a fungal kapena madontho a masamba - madzi owonjezera.
- Masamba owuma ndi owonda - mpweya wouma.
- Masamba osaya komanso opanda maluwa - kuwala pang'ono kapena feteleza.
Anthurium Andre angakumane ndi mavuto awa:
- Maluwa angamenyane:
- Aphid
- Kangaude mite
- Muzu nematode
- Mealybug
Kulimbana ndi tizilombo zowawa kudzathandiza mankhwala amtundu kapena tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Chiyeso choyamba ngati akudandaula kuti matendawa akukusamba mumsamba ndi sopo.
Monga tikuonera Anthurium Andre ndi chiweto chabwino chobiriwira kwa okonda kuwala, okonda, koma panthawi imodzimodzi yokongola zomera. Muzimvetsera pang'ono - ndipo maluwa okongola adzakhazikika m'nyumba mwanu kwa nthawi yaitali.
Chithunzi
Kenaka mudzawona chithunzi cha Andre Anthurium:
