Zomera zachilendo ndizodziwika kwambiri ndi wamaluwa amakono. Mmodzi wa iwo - monstera - ndi mlendo wochokera ku South America. Zina mwa mitundu yake ndikukwera mipesa, itha kubzala pamalopo. Mitundu ina imasunga nyumba ngati maluwa amkati. Komabe, kukongola kwachilendo kumeneku sikukondwa ndi maluwa opaka bwino; amakopa chidwi ndi masamba ake opaka bwino kwambiri.
Monstera oblique (wosalingana), kapena wamkulu
Monstera wokongola kwambiri adadziwika ndi dzina chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake achilendo. Komanso, chilombo chosasiyanacho nthawi zina chimatchedwa chachikulu. Mutha kuzizindikira ndi izi:
- masamba a lanceolate kapena chowulungika popanda kutulutsa mawu;
- Pamasamba pali zitsamba zokongola zokhala ngati chingwe;
- kudula kumakhala kotalikirapo, kotsukidwa kumapeto ndikukulitsidwa kumunsi;
- mu toyesa wamkulu wokhala mwachilengedwe, kutalika kwa mapepala kumatha kukhala 80-90 cm.
Nthano zambiri komanso nthano zambiri zimalumikizidwa ndi mbewu iyi, dzina lake amatanthauzira kuti "chilombo"
Maluwa amakula bwino m'chipinda chofunda (ngati palibe kutentha kwamphamvu) ndi mpweya wabwino. Amakonda mthunzi wocheperako, dzuwa lowala kwambiri limamvanso zowawa. Pakakhala kuwala pang'ono, masambawo amatha pang'ono pang'ono.
Njira zazikulu zosamalirira zimaphatikizapo kutsuka masamba ndi nsalu yonyowa komanso kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi botolo la utsi. Kubalana nthawi zambiri kumachitika mwa kudula. Mutha kubzala duwa m'mbewu, koma iyi ndi njira yayitali komanso yovuta. Kuyika mpaka zaka zinayi kumachitika chaka chilichonse, ndiye - kamodzi pakapita zaka ziwiri. Kuvala kwapamwamba kumachitika kamodzi pakadutsa milungu iwiri iliyonse kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yachilimwe mpaka kumapeto kwa chilimwe, feteleza wophatikizira wa maluwa amkati amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Duwa Lakuthengo - nkhalango Yotentha ya South America
Monstera: mitundu
Ku Russia, ndi mitundu yocheperako ya maluwa okhawo omwe ndiotchuka kwambiri ndi wamaluwa amateur. Makampani odziwa kuswana amatha kudziwa mitundu ya mitundu mosiyana ndi mawonekedwe. Mitundu yotsala ya monstera yopambana iyi imasiyanitsidwa:
- Friedrichstahl;
- Adanson;
- gourmet;
- cholozera.
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imasiyana pa china chilichonse pautali, kutalika, m'mimba mwake ndi utoto wamasamba, komanso mawonekedwe paiwo.
Monstera Friedrichstal
Monstera Friedrichstahl ndiwodziwika kwambiri ku Russia komanso ku Western Europe. Zofunikira:
- kutalika kwakukulu, kosokoneza kukula mu nyumba yaying'ono;
- ndi amodzi mwa mitundu yocheperako ndi maluwa oyera oyera;
- nthawi zonse pakufunika kuwala kwa dzuwa, ndikofunikira kuti muzikhala pawindo lalikulu ndi pawindo lalikulu;
- kuchokera pakusowa chinyezi, kukula kwamaluwa kumachepa, ndipo maluwa amatuluka msanga;
- kuchokera pakusowa kwamadzimadzi, masamba amatha kutembenukira chikasu mwadzidzidzi. Kuthirira kwambiri kumathandizira kuti mbewuyo ikhale ndi moyo.
Zambiri! Duwa limadziwika kuti ndi imodzi mwazomera zabwino kwambiri, chifukwa limasinthasintha mosiyanasiyana. Munkhalango za ku South America, mitundu ina ya mipesa inatuluka kudzera m'matupi a anthu akufa ndi nyama. Chifukwa chake nthano kuti duwa la monster limawononga zinthu zonse zamoyo momwe zimayendera.
Monstera Adanson
Monstera Adanson ali ndi chitetezo chokwanira ku matenda ndi tizilombo toononga, timakhala nthawi yayitali mosamala. Imakhala ndi masamba owundana ndi masamba owuma bwino. M'nyumba sikhala pachimake. Pazinthu zachilengedwe, kutalika kumatha kufika mamita 8. Ma inflorescence amafanana ndi ma cobs, okhala ndi mtundu wachikaso. Zosakhazikika pamapangidwe a dothi, kuvala pamwamba mwachilimwe kumatha kuchitika pakadutsa milungu itatu iliyonse. Pa kukula kwabwino komanso kukula, ndikofunikira kuyika chithandizo pafupi ndi duwa lokhotakhota.
Zofunika! Palibe chifukwa muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito madzi apampopi kuthirira mwachindunji kuchokera pa bomba. Payenera kukhala osachepera tsiku kuti muyime. Mukathirira, ndikofunikira kuti tithetse kumasula kuti chinyontho chisakhale m'dothi. Ichi ndiye njira yabwino kwambiri yopewera matenda oyamba ndi fungus yomwe mbewu idakonzedweratu.
Kusamalira moyenera kudzakulitsa moyo wa duwa
Monstera Obliqua
Monstera Oblikva (dzina lachi Latin "Oblique Monstera") - ndi amodzi mwa mitundu yosasamala kwambiri posamalira. Zofunikira:
- tsamba limafanana ndi chikwakwa;
- malekezero amapezeka asymmetrically, ali ndi kutalika kosiyanasiyana ndi m'lifupi;
- kutalika kwa masamba mpaka 20 cm, m'lifupi - mpaka 6 cm;
- ndi chinyezi chowonjezereka pazinthu za chomera, madontho amadzimadzi amadzimadzi amatha kuzindikira.
Ch thunthu chochita kutalika kwa mita yokwanira chimakhala choyenera kuchichirikiza, chitha kugulidwa ku shopu iliyonse yamaluwa. Chomera chimakhala ndi mizu ya mlengalenga yomwe imayendetsa chinyontho ndi zakudya ku thunthu. Ndiwothandizanso pakuwombera kumene. Kuchotsa mizu ya mpweya sikulimbikitsidwa. Ayenera kuwerama pang'ono ndikutumizidwa pansi.
M'chilimwe, muyenera kusamalira bwino duwa kunyumba ndikupangitsa kuthirira. Nthaka yomwe ili mumphika siyenera kukhala yonyowa nthawi zonse, mwina masamba angasanduke. Ngati kukutentha kunyumba, mutha kuyika mizu yayitali mchombo chotungira madzi osangalatsa. Mu Julayi - Ogasiti, duwa limatha kusinthidwa.
Kuphatikiza pakuphatikiza feteleza wa mchere, timalimbikitsidwa kuthana ndi nthaka nthawi zina ndimadzimadzi wothira madzi mu mullein.
Tcherani khutu! Nthawi zina kangaude amazunza duwa. Poterepa, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo opangira maluwa amkati.
Zoyala zazing'ono zazing'ono
Dzina lachiwiri la mitundu iyi ndi zozizwitsa zazing'ono, pali mitundu ingapo ya izo. Zosiyanasiyana zamitundu yokhala ndi masamba ochepa:
- siyanagate;
- Karvinsky;
- mafuta.
Monstera aliyense wokhala ndi mafuta pang'ono amakonda chinyezi, koma samalekerera dzuwa mwachindunji, choncho ndibwino kuti mudzalale pazenera lakumadzulo (kummawa). Ngati mpweya mchipindacho ndi wouma kwambiri, mphukira zimatha kukhala ndi mtundu wa bulauni.
Mitundu yamakoma yomwe imamera m'miphika siyikulimbikitsidwa kuti isinthidwe pafupipafupi kuchokera kumalo kupita kumalo.
Monstera Carvinsky
Monstera Karvinsky amawoneka mochititsa chidwi ndipo nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kukongoletsa mkati. Masamba ake amafanana ndi lamba wozizwitsa. Koma kudula kumawonekera pokhapokha ngati mitengo ya achikulire, masamba obiriwira osakhwima, osasinthasintha kapena owoneka ndi mtima. Imakula bwino pamthunzi, imamvanso pansi pa thambo. M'nyengo yozizira, kuthirira kuyenera kuchepetsedwa kuti tiletse matenda a fungus. Kuika toyesa wamkulu kumalimbikitsidwa pakatha zaka zitatu zilizonse.
Zofunika! Komwe kudalako chomera ichi ndi Mexico, duwa limakonda chinyezi chambiri. Pamatenthedwe amafunika kuthira mankhwala tsiku lililonse.
Imakula bwino m'nthaka ya mitengo ya kanjedza ndi mipesa. Mutha kukonzekera zakudyazo muzosakaniza ndi peat, malo azomera zokhazikika komanso zophatikizika, zosakanikirana chimodzimodzi. Mutha kufalitsa ndi zodula kapena zoyambira.
Mtunduwu nthawi zambiri umalimidwa m'maofesi, m'mahotela, m'maofesi ndi nyumba zamayiko. Pansi pazachilengedwe, kutalika kwa lingaliro la munthu wamkulu kumatha kufika 3 m.
Pali zikhulupiriro zambiri zokhudzana ndi duwa lakunyumba lakumbuyo. Komabe, palibe amene ali ndi maziko a sayansi. Kafukufuku waposachedwa atsimikizira kuti monstera imakhala ndi phindu lalikulu pamlengalenga mu nyumba (ofesi), komanso ndiyopadera mwachilengedwe barometer. Ndiwosazindikira ndipo imafunikira chisamaliro chochepa kwambiri, makamaka kutentha, kutentha dzuwa komanso kuthirira pafupipafupi.
