Pakati pa zonse m'nyumba zomera, cacti ndi pakati pa anthu ambiri osankhidwa. Ngakhale kuti maonekedwe awo sangawoneke ngati okongola ngati kunja kwa anthu ena obiriwira okhala pawindo lawindo, ambiri amaluwa amawakonda. Choncho, ngati mukufuna kupeza chomera pakhomo, ndiye kuti kudziwa njira yoberekera kwa kansalu kumathandiza kwambiri.
Pali njira zingapo zoberekeramo mbeu, zomwe zimakhala zosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito ndi cuttings ndi ana kuchokera ku zomera zazikulu. Kubzala masamba a cactus sizowopsya mofanana ndi momwe zingawonekere poyamba, ndipo tsopano mukukhulupirira izi.
Kubalana kwa cacti cuttings
Mitengo yachitsulo imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamene pakufunika kuwonjezereka chiwerengero chawo, kupatula zitsanzo za matenda, kapena kuchepetsa mawonekedwe onse okongoletsera. Kubalana kwa cacti ndi cuttings sikudzakutengerani nthawi yambiri, koma musanayambe ndondomekoyi, muyenera kuganizira zina mwazithunzi.
Pamene kudula cacti
Sikuti miyezi yonse ya chaka ndi yoyenera pa ntchitoyi. Akatswiri amalangiza kuti azidula maluwawo m'chaka kapena m'nyengo ya chilimwe, popeza nthawi yoyamba yophukira ndi yozizira isanayambe, zomera zambiri zimapuma. Ngati mumanyalanyaza mfundo iyi ndikudula phesi, ndiye kuti iyeyo sadzamva zowawa ndipo, makamaka, adzakhala ndi mizu, koma chomera cha amayi chikhoza kufa.
Komabe, nthawi zina, popanda njirayi sichikwanira. Mwachitsanzo, pali milandu pamene chomera chimamwalira pang'onopang'ono ndipo pofuna kusunga chinthu china, muyenera kusonkhanitsa pamwamba pa mutu.
Pamene kuli koyenera kudula cactus
Musanaphunzire kuchulukitsa cactus pakhomo, ndi bwino kusankha ngati mukufuna njirayi panthawi inayake. Pali zochitika zina pamene kusonkhanitsa chomera kungakhale koyenera. Choncho, ngati phesi pampango ndi imodzi, ndiye kuti ndondomeko iyenera kuchitika:
- pamene ali wautali kwambiri ndi woipa;
- pamene gawo lalikulu la mbewu sizitali yaitali, koma lingathe kungotsitsa mphika;
- pamene gawo lakumtunda la ntchentche limakhala pa alumali kapena chimango chawindo ndipo liri ndi malo pang'ono;
- tsinde labaya kwambiri m'munsi kapena mizu ya mbewu yayamba kuvunda.
Kodi kuchita kudula cacti
Musanayambe kudula njere, muyenera kukonzekera zipangizo zonse zofunika. Choyamba, mufunika mpeni wabwino, chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito chida chokhala ndi tsamba lochepa kapena lalitali. Muyeneranso kukonzekera mowa kuti mugwiritsire ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, kupaka mafuta, kubzala dothi, mphika kapena chophimba ndi mabowo amadzi, miyala yochepa ndi mapulasitiki akuluakulu (zomwe zimachokera ku chidole kapena tebulo zachitsulo ndi silicone linings).
Ponena za kufalitsa kwa cuttings, zimachitika motere. Poyamba, sankhani chomera chomwe chidzadula ndikudziwa malo enieni omwe adadula. 
Ndikofunikira! Ngati nyamayi ili ndi phesi lovunda, ndiye kuti gawo lake lokhalo likhoza kudulidwa.Pambuyo pake, tengani chida chokonzedweratu (lumo kapena mpeni) ndikupukuta tsamba lake ndi mowa.
Tsopano, pojambula kansalu kumbuyo kwa korona ndi tchizi kapena tiyi ya khitchini (muyenera kumachita mosamalitsa kuti musatuke minga) mungathe kudula gawo lofunikako. Ngati mulibe zipilala kapena zitsulo pamakono anu, mungagwiritse ntchito chingwe cha pepala: pepala lapangidwa m'magawo angapo ndipo imangoyamba kuzungulira tsinde la mbeu kangapo.
Pambuyo pa kudula mmanja mwanu, ikani pepala loyera (mbali yake) ndipo muzisiya pamalo ozizira, malo ozizira kwa masiku 2-4, pomwe mdulidwewo umalira pang'ono. Ngati chodulacho chidadulidwa kuchokera ku matenda, ndibwino kuti mwamsanga muwazaza ndi makala amodzi, ndikuzisiya ngakhale mu ndege imodzi, koma nthawi zina ndibwino kuti muchepetse pensulo. Pa kufalitsa masamba kwa zomera mwanjira iyi, kudula mitengo yokhala ndi mizu yolimba kwambiri mofulumira.
Pa siteji yotsatira, dothi lapadera losakaniza limatsanulira mu mphika ndi pang'ono. Kenaka miyala yambiri imayikidwa pamtunda, kenako timadontho timene timayanika masiku angapo timayikidwa pakati pawo ndi gawo lodula. Ngati mbali ya mphukira ndi yopepuka kwambiri komanso yosasunthika, chithandizo china chimayikidwa mu mphika ndipo phesi limamangidwa ndi ulusi wa ubweya. Mukhozanso kuyika gawo lodula la chiphalala pansi, koma panopa muyenera kukhala wouma. Mukakhudzidwa ndi nthaka yonyowa, phesi lidzavunda ndi kufa. 
Mukudziwa? Pamene mizu ikuluikulu imadula kudzera mmagazi oberekera mmalo mwa madzi okwera mmwamba ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito miyala yakale. Amatha kuchotsedwa mosavuta kuti awone ngati mizu ikuwonekera kapena ayi. Komabe, musayang'ane pansi pa njoka nthawi zambiri, monga momwe mungathe kuvulaza. Midzi ikadzakula bwino, idzawonekera.Atayika tizidulo mumphika, zimangokhala kuti ziyike pansi pazitsulo zomwe zimakhala zowala kwambiri (zenera lakummawa zikanakhala zabwino) ndikudikirira kuti mizu ionekere. Amazembera patatha masabata angapo, ngakhale kuti njirayi ingatenge nthawi.
Monga rooting yowonjezera gawo la mbeu ya mayi, mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito chidebe ndi madzi. Ndiyenera kunena kuti nthawi zina mizu idzawoneka mofulumira kuposa pansi. Muyenera kutsanulira madzi pang'ono pansi pa chingwecho, kudula botolo la pulasitiki kuchokera ku botolo la pulasitiki ndikuyika kudula kuti mdulidwe uli 5 mm pamwamba pa madzi. Madzi akamatha, amafunika kubwereza nthawi zonse, ndipo mizu ikangoyamba kumera, zingatheke kudzala mbewu pamtunda (osati kuziyika, koma kuziyika pamtunda).
Mwa njira, cuttings ya cactus nthawi zambiri imakula mizu ngakhale kugona pa alumali, koma ndi kuwongolera ofukuta iwo adzawoneka pamwamba pa nkhope yonse ya odulidwa mofanana. Pa nthawi yomweyi, pamene imakhala pamalo osanjikizika, mizu imaonekera kuchokera kumbali yomwe kudula kwake kuli.
Cacti kuswana ana
Kuphatikiza pa kufalitsa ndi kusonkhanitsa, njira ya vegetative yoswana cacti imapereka ntchito kwa ana a chomera. Mbali zotere za cactus ndizokhazikitsidwa kuti zithe kubereka, kotero simukuyenera kuganizira mozama za momwe mungalekanitsire ana ku msamba wa mayi. Komabe, mosasamala kanthu kuti ndi kosavuta kuwathetsa, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito mpeni kuti muchotse "mayi", zomwe zingathandize kupewa kuwonongeka kosafunikira kwa mwana ndi mayi.
Komanso, Pa nthawi yolekanitsa, onetsetsani kuti palibe ziwalo za thupi laling'ono pa nyemba, ndipo, mosiyana, sipangakhale zizindikiro za chimanga chachikulu pa thupi la mwanayo. Kulephera kutsatira lamuloli kungayambitse kuwonongeka kwa onse awiri, ndipo chifukwa chake, kumvetsetsa momwe angaberekere ana amtundu wamphongo, mfundo imeneyi iyenera kuganiziridwa poyamba.
Kugawidwa kwa njoka mwa njirayi kumapangidwa bwino kumapeto kwa nyengo kapena m'nyengo ya chilimwe, chifukwa nthawi ya autumn ndi nyengo yachisanu, mizu ya "ana" imakhala yoipa kwambiri. Pamaso pa mizu yozungulira, mwanayo, monga kudula, ayenera kukhala wouma pang'ono pa sabata, atayikidwa pamalo ozizira, ofunda ndi okongola pamalo oongoka. Pachifukwa ichi, ndondomeko ya rooting idzafulumira kwambiri, ndipo kuthekera kwa kutha kwa mbeu kudzakhala pafupifupi zero.
Imodzi mwa nthawi zofunika kwambiri poyankha funso la momwe mungayambire chidzukulu kwa ana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito gawo loyenera. Zomwe zimapereka zimapereka chidziwitso chosiyana pa momwe nthaka ikugwiritsidwira, koma imodzi mwazovuta kwambiri ndizosakaniza za mchenga wa calcined, makala ndi sphagnum moss, otengedwa mosiyana. Ponena za makanda owetsa madzi, asanayambe mizu ayenera kuchitidwa mosamalitsa, popeza nthawi zonse nthawi zambiri imakhala yoola ndi chinyezi.
Mukudziwa? Zodula ndi mwana wa chiphalaphala zidzakhala zowonjezeka komanso zamphamvu ngati zikanakhala pafupi ndi pamwamba pa cactus.
Katemera cacti
Monga momwe mungathe kuzimitsira cacti makanda kapena cuttings, takhala tikuganiza kale, ndipo mwinamwake mwazindikira kuti mu njira izi palibe zovuta. Chofunika kwambiri ndi njira yothandizira kumtengowo, zomwe zimaphatikizapo kuikidwa kwa ziwalo zina (makamaka magawo kapena mitu) ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zomera ku cacti zina zomwe zimapirira kwambiri. Pambuyo pa kuvomerezedwa kwa magawo awiri kuchokera ku zomera zosiyanasiyana, chimodzi chowonekera kwambiri chikuwoneka.
Bwanji chomera cacti
Polemba pamodzi, pulani zomera zambiri, osati m'nyumba zokha komanso m'minda, koma ponena za cactus, pali zifukwa zingapo zogwirira ntchitoyi. Choncho, katemera akhoza kuchitika pamene:
- Muyenera kupanga khola lovuta kupatsa kuti liphuphuke;
- amafunika kupulumutsa zomera kuchokera ku imfa chifukwa cha miyendo yotayika (mwachitsanzo, pokhapokha atavunda);
- sizingatheke kuzimitsa kudula m'njira ina yotsika mtengo;
- musanayang'ane, chomwe chimakhala chovuta kwambiri kusunga, ngati chikukula pamzukwa pawo;
- ndikudabwa chomwe chikuchitika chifukwa cha kuphatikiza mitundu iwiri yosiyana.
Ndizimene ziyenera kuchitika pa katemera
Mofanana ndi kulima cacti cuttings kapena ana, pamene kufalitsidwa ndi kuphatikizidwa ali ndi makhalidwe ake ndi malamulo a ndondomekoyi. Choyamba, nkofunika kulingalira nthawi ya opaleshoni, chifukwa zimakhala zomveka bwino kubzala zomera kumayambiriro kapena kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe, kupatula, pomwe, pamene mchere uli ndi mizu yovunda ndipo pali mwayi waukulu wotayika. Komabe, ngakhale panopa, zotsatira za ndondomekoyi sizingakhale zabwino nthawi zonse. 
Ngati mulibe ufulu wosankha, ndipo muyenera kuyendetsa m'nyengo yozizira, ndiye kuti mutenge malo ogulitsira nkhumba ayenera kubweretsedwera muzomwe mukukula, kuonjezera kuthirira mbewu ndikukwera kutentha mu chipinda (mungathe kusuntha mphika ku chipinda china).
Stock amachitcha kuti cactus pa zomwe amakokozera gawo la mitundu ina, ndipo kuti apambane, iyenera kukhala ndi mizu yabwino komanso yathanzi, pokhala ndi chikhalidwe chokula. Choncho, nkhalango yokhayo yokha ndi yabwino yokhala ndi katundu, yomwe idakonzedwanso osakwana mwezi umodzi isanayambe inoculation ndipo sichimatha kupanga mapangidwe a ana. Nthaŵi zambiri, Eriocereus jusbertii amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati katundu, chifukwa chake ndi kudzichepetsa kwa chipatso ichi ndi liwiro la kukula kwake.
Inde, panthawiyi, zipangizo zonse ziyenera kukhala zosawonongeka, zomwe zingathetsedwe ndi mowa. Ponena za osankhidwa cacti okha (akuganiza kuti grafts ndi rootstocks), ndiye aliyense wa iwo ndibwino kuti apukutire ndi burashi loviikidwa mu mowa.
Mwa kudula kansalu, mudzakhala ndi nthawi yolumikiza gawo lachiwiri, chifukwa chodulidwa chiyenera kukhala chatsopano. Nkhokwe ndi scion ziyenera kuphatikizidwa kotero kuti mphete zawo zikhale zogwirizana ndi momwe zingathere ndipo madimita awo ali ofanana. Kupambana kwa katemera wonse kumadalira makamaka izi. 
Cambium - masentimita a maselo a maphunziro, omwe ali mu makulidwe a tsinde la nthenda ndi mizu. Amaperekedwa mwa mawonekedwe a mphete ndipo amawonekeratu pawodulidwa. Maphunziro a sekondale amachokera ku maselowa, ndipo ngati kuphatikizira kumalumikiza ndi chitsa chake, ngati, ngakhale kuti alibe nthawi youma, amakula palimodzi. Zowonjezera zowonjezera zimakhala bwino.
Ndikofunikira! Kudulidwa pazitsamba zonsezo ziyenera kukhala zozengereza komanso ngakhale, komanso kuvala kugwirizana kwa cacti kuyenera kuwamangiriza (koma osati kudula mu minofu ya tsinde).
Kachipangizo ka katemera
Mukangokonzekera cacti ndikusamalira chida, mungathe kupatula pamwamba pa katundu ndikuwongolera kutsogolo kwa mbewu ina. Gawo liyenera kuphatikizidwa mwamsanga atangomanga mapangidwe awo, asanakhake ndi kuzimitsa. Pofuna kusindikizira kuntchito, ndikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito thupi lochepa kwambiri kapena ulusi. Mbeu zam'madzi zimakonzedwa ndi kudula pamwamba pake, ndipo nthawi ya kudula sikulibe kanthu. Pamene mukucheka chomera, tsatirani ndondomekoyi mwatcheru kotero kuti m'mphepete mwa mdulidwe musadulidwe kapena kutawidwa. Mukhoza kuwaza pang'onopang'ono magawo a sulfure kapena makala opunduka, omwe amateteza cacti ku matenda ndi nkhungu ndi kuvunda. 
Kawirikawiri, luso la katemera silovuta kwambiri, koma wolima aliyense alimi amakhulupirira kuti kupambana kwa zotsatira zomaliza kumadalira kusankha bwino kwa malo, komwe tsinde la cactus lidzalumikizidwa. Komabe, vuto lalikulu ndikuthamanga kwa zochitika zonse, ndipo ngati chinachake chitalakwitsa ndipo ndondomekoyi imayamba kuumitsa, pangani mankhwala odulidwa (sayenera kukhala owuma), kapena kuphimba mbali zochepetsedwa ndi filimu ya chakudya. Nthawi zina, madzi amatha kukhala otsika kwambiri, zomwe zingasokoneze mgwirizano wowongoka ndi wolimba wa mphete, kotero kuti uyenera kusungirako ndi nsalu yopanda kanthu.
Ndikofunikira! Mulimonse mulibe pulogalamu ya thonje kapena nsalu ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito popukutira magawo, chifukwa akhoza kuchoka.
Samalirani cacti mutatha kusonkhanitsa
Kale kumtengowo cacti ayenera kuikidwa pamalo ofunda ndi owuma omwe adzatetezedwa ku dzuwa. Kuwonjezera apo, malo opatsirana katemera, komanso zigawo zomasuka, kuwonjezera kuwateteza kuti asamadziwe madzi pa nthawi ya ulimi wothirira. Mukhoza kuphimba kansalu ndi mtsuko wa galasi.
Njira yokhala yowonjezereka imatha mwezi umodzi, koma mutha kumasula chingamu chomwe chimagwiritsira ntchito mankhwalawa mu sabata, ndipo patatha masiku asanu ndi awiri mukhoza kuchotsa.
Nthawi zina, njira zina za katemera zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito: mwachitsanzo, pogwiritsa ntchito mphero kapena kupatukana ndi scion cactus kukonzekera ndi spikes, koma izi, monga akunena, "aerobatics".
Njira iliyonse yofalitsira zomera zamasamba omwe mumasankha, nthawi zonse muyenera kutsatira zofunikira zonsezi, mwinamwake pali mwayi wotaya zonse zomera: kuphatikiza ndi katundu.
