Momwe mungakhalire wathanzi komanso chokoma swede

Rutabaga ndi chomera chodabwitsa, chomwe chinapezeka chifukwa cha kupukutidwa kwachilengedwe kwa kale ndi mpiru wamba. Ndi ya zamasamba a banja lopachikidwa. Zomera zomwe zili ndi mavitamini ndi michere yambiri, zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pophika, ndipo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda osiyanasiyana. Switzerlande imayamikiridwa ndikukondedwa m'maiko osiyanasiyana padziko lapansi: Germany, Finland, Sweden, mayiko a Baltic, Russia.

Mtundu wa rutabaga masamba

Dzina lamasamba adatchulidwa koyamba ndi Swiss botanist wa ku Switzerland dzina lake Caspar Baugin m'ma 20s m'ma 1600. Adalemba kuti rutabaga amapezeka ku Sweden. Mwina ichi chinali chifukwa cholingalira dzikolo ngati malo obadwira.

Komabe, pakati pa asayansi pali ena omwe akunena kuti rutabaga idabwera ku Scandinavia kuchokera ku zigawo za Siberia ku Russia, pomwe masamba awa adawakondedwa pamodzi ndi kabichi kapena turnips.

Kunja, masamba ndi ofanana ndi ma turnips kapena beets, koma ali ndi kukula kwakukulu. Adasokoneza masamba. Kununkhira ndikosangalatsa, kununkhira bwino. Mtundu - red-violet, imvi-wobiriwira. Chomera ndi cha biennial. Chaka choyambirira cha chitukuko chake chimayendera limodzi ndi kupangika kwa mizu mobisa (yozungulira, yolowa kapena yolumikizika - zimatengera mitundu yosiyanasiyana) ndi duwa lamaluwa.

Kunja rutabaga kumakumbutsa beets kapena turnips

M'chaka chachiwiri, tsinde limamera kuchokera muzu, chomera chimamasula, mbewu zimatulutsa zipatso - nyemba zosankhwima. Patatha masiku 40 kuoneka mphukira, muzuwo umamera. Mkati mwamasambawo pali oyera oyera oyera kapena achikasu. Chikhalidwechi ndi chosazindikira, chimapirira chilala, kutentha kwa chilimwe ndi chiyambi cha chisanu. Amapereka zokolola zazikulu.

Kulemera kwa muzu umodzi wobzala kumafika ngakhale 35 kg.

Kodi imagwiritsidwa ntchito bwanji?

Masamba amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuphika. M'mayiko ambiri, mbewu zonse zosaphika ndi nsonga zing'onozing'ono zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza masaladi osiyanasiyana komanso monga zokometsera. Swede yophika, yokumbukira kukoma kwa mbatata, imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu vinaigrette, komanso mbale zam'mbali za nyama ndi nsomba.

Ana amasangalala ndi msuzi wokoma wopangidwa ndi rutabaga, kaloti, tchizi tchizi, nandolo zobiriwira, chimanga. Ndi uchi wokazinga ndi mtedza, masamba ake amakhala mchere wotsekemera. Rutabaga amayenda bwino ndi masamba omwe amapangidwa kuchokera ku zinthu zosiyanasiyana.

Ku Finland, patebulo la Khrisimasi nthawi zonse pamakhala casserole wokhala ndi rutabaga. Ndipo aku Canada amakonda ma pie okhala ndi zipatso zapamwamba.

Pokonzekera saladi, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito masamba onse osaphika amizu ndi nsonga zazomera zazing'ono

Apeza chikhalidwe chogwiritsa ntchito muzakudya. Calorie yotsika, kuchuluka kwa mchere ndi mavitamini ambiri amathandizira kuti azigwiritsa ntchito masamba awa muzakudya zamafuta. CHIKWANGWANI chophatikizidwa ndi kapangidwe kake chimathandizira kuthetsa poizoni ndi poizoni m'thupi, chimasintha kagayidwe, kugaya chakudya mthupi.

Kuchokera pamasamba mutha kupanga chophimba chodzikongoletsera. Mbewu ya grated imasakanizidwa ndi kirimu wowawasa mpaka gruel atapezeka. Kenako amathira mu 1 tsp. brine ndi uchi. Chotupa chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pakhungu kwa mphindi 15.

Masamba amagwiritsidwanso ntchito pochiza. Kuchepetsa vutoli pakamadutsa mphumu, mukakhosomola, magawo awiri a beseni yopaka yopaka grast yabwino amasakanikirana ndi gawo limodzi la uchi. Zosakaniza zosakanikazo zimadyedwa mu 2 (3) tsp. mpaka katatu pa tsiku. Rutabaga akuchita kudzimbidwa. Kuti izi zitheke, masamba amadzidulira m'mbale, kuwaphika m'madzi mpaka afewetse. Pambuyo pake, kutsanulira mu mafuta a masamba ndi mandimu a 1 tbsp. l Kuphika kwa mphindi 10. Osakaniza wotsirizika amakankhira mbatata yosenda, yomwe imadyedwa usiku (100 g).

Zothandiza katundu ndi kuvulaza

Mtengowu uli ndi zinthu zambiri zofunikira. Calcium yokhala ndi swede ndi yofunika kulimbitsa minofu ya mafupa. Mtengowu umathandizira kudzimbidwa, koma sungathe kudyedwa ndi odwala omwe ali ndi matenda am'mimba. Zomera za m'mizu ndizothandiza makamaka nthawi yozizira ndipo nthawi yamasika ikadzafika, thupi lofooka limasowa mavitamini.

Rutabaga ndi wofunikira makamaka nthawi yozizira ndi masika, pamene thupi limasowa mavitamini.

Ndi masamba awa, thupi limaperekedwa ndizofunikira zamavitamini ndi mchere, mphamvu imachulukitsidwa, ndipo chitetezo chokwanira chimalimbitsidwa. Rutabaga ali ndi zinthu zotsatirazi zomwe zimapindulitsa anthu:

• diuretic, kulola kuti thupi lizimasuke ku madzi owonjezera;
• imathandizira kutupa, kuthandizira matenda a impso;
• mawonetseredwe a antibacterial, anti-kutupa chilengedwe, kuthandiza mankhwalawa mabala amatsukidwe, amayaka;
• mkulu CHIKWANGWANI mu muzu mbewu, zolimbikitsa kagayidwe kachakudya njira mu thupi, amene amathandiza kukana kunenepa;
• zabwino pa mtima dongosolo, matenda a kuthamanga kwa magazi;
• imalimbikitsa kuchotsedwa kwa cholesterol.

Rutabaga ikhoza kuwonjezeredwa ku mndandanda wa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, chifukwa zamafuta omwe amapezeka makamaka amakhala ndi fructose. Kumbukirani kuti ulusi wophatika mu mizu ya mbewu ungayambitse kutupa kwa m'mimba.

Mitundu ndi mitundu yotchuka

Pali mitundu iwiri ya rutabaga - chakudya ndi tebulo. Kugawa mankhwala wowerengeka, kuphika, zodzoladzola adalandira tafabaga tebulo. Zomera zotsatirazi nthawi zambiri zimabzala.

Gome: Makhalidwe a mitundu yotchuka ya rutabaga

Mitunduyi idaphatikizidwa mu State Register yosankha zomwe ikwaniritsidwa ndipo itha kukhala m'maboma onse a Russia.

Zithunzi zojambula: mitundu ya swede

Kuyambira mitundu yachilendo yogonjetsedwa ndi matenda, perekani kukolola bwino, sangalalani kwambiri:

• Ruby
• Marian
• Lizi
• Kaya.

Mitengo yazakudya ndi wosakanizidwa wopezeka panjira yapa tebulo la rutabaga ndi kabichi wamasamba. Mtunduwu sufunikira kwambiri pakukula komanso zipatso zambiri. Kutalika kumakhalabe ndi thanzi labwino. Kugawidwa kumadera ozizira odyetserako ziweto m'nyengo yozizira. Mitundu yama rutabaga pakukula:

• Hoffmann's
• Krasnoselskaya
• Vyshegorodskaya
• Bangkok

Zakudya rutabaga zopezeka podutsa rutabaga ndi chakudya kabichi

Ndemanga

Ndinagula mbewu za rutabaga mu "Ribbon", zimakhala zotsika mtengo kwambiri - pafupifupi ma ruble atatu pachikwama chilichonse. Mbewu "Nyumba ya Mbewu": "Krasnukelskaya dining rutabaga". Mpaka nthawi imeneyi, ndinali ndisanabzale nthangala, ndipo sindimadziwa kuti ndi chiyani. Zobzala ndi chisamaliro zimafotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane pa thumba la mbewu. Tambalala timapangidwa mwachindunji mu nthaka. Kwambiri kosavuta - osafunikira kumera, kuyimbira madzi patsogolo. Adabzala zonse. Mbewuzo ndizochepa, chifukwa kumera kumafunikira kuwonda. Ndipo, mwachidziwitso, chisamaliro ndichosavuta: kuthirira, kumasula, kuvala pamwamba (sindinachite kuvala pamwamba). Ndabzala mizere iwiri. Ndipo ngakhale anali atapendekera, mitengo yabwinoyo inakulanso chimodzimodzi. Masamba akufanana ndi kabichi. Rutabaga kwa kotala, ndipo nthawi zina lachitatu, limatuluka pansi, ndizomwe zimachitika. Kuyandikira m'dzinja kukololedwa. Matikiti ena ndi ochepa, ena ndi okulirapo. Dulani masamba. Zosungidwa m'chipinda chapansi pa nyumba. Ndipo ngakhale adalonjezedwa kuti imasungidwa bwino mpaka kumapeto kwa nyengo, rutabaga yanga sinakhale mpaka masika, idakhala yofewa. Sindikudziwa chifukwa chake, mwina zikhalidwe (chinyezi) m'chipinda chapansi pa nyumba sizimakwanira. Chifukwa chake ndimayenera kuponya gawo la mbewuyo. Zomwe anali ndi nthawi yoti adye. Rutabaga ndi china chake ngati mpiru (kuti amveke bwino). Kuchokera pamenepo mutha kupanga saladi watsopano, komanso kuwonjezera ku mbale zotentha, ma stew. Pazokoma zanga, amafanana ndi kabichi yoyera. Rutabaga imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati mankhwala achikhalidwe

vergo

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Banja lathu limakonda rutabaga, chaka chatha Wilma adalilera, ndiwotsekemera, koma mphutsi mumakonda kwambiri ndipo, koposa zonse, mutulutse - musamawonjezere, apo ayi udzakhala wowuma. Aliyense ananyanyala, ndipo aliyense anafunsa chifukwa chomwe timakhalira phee. Ndipo Novgorodskaya imasungidwa bwino, ikhoza kuwonjezeredwa ku sups ndi sopo.

Kim

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Ndikupangira Kuuzik. Kwa zaka zambiri tsopano ndakhala ndikulima masamba azomera ndi zokongoletsera. Ndipo ndizosangalatsa kwambiri ngati chidwi ichi chitakhala chothandiza, chabwino, zomwe mwakhala mukusowa nthawi yonseyi. Ndizotheka kuti ambiri, Kuusiku asandulika chikhalidwe chotere - chosakanizira chopatsaga chosakanizira cha rutabaga ndi kabichi yachakudya. Zomera za Kuuziku nthawi zambiri zimakula mosiyanasiyana, kulemera kwakukulu kumachokera ku 4 mpaka 5 kg. Kuphatikiza zabwino za rutabaga ndi kabichi, wosakanizidwa uyu amapanga tsinde lamphamvu pamwamba pa dziko lapansi, lomwe limazunguliridwa ndi masamba akulu a zipatso, omwe amagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati ziweto. Khalidwe lina labwino la Kuusik ndikuti ndikosavuta kukula. Tekinoloji yaulimi wa mbewu iyi ili pafupi kwambiri ndiukadaulo waulimi wa kabichi. Chapakati pa Epulo, chapakati pa Russia, mbewu zobzalidwa pambewu - mutha kukhala wowonjezera kutentha, wowonjezera kutentha, mutha kungokhala pabedi pansi pa filimu. Masamba a 3-4 akapezeka, amabzala m'malo osatha malinga ndi mawonekedwe a 35x40 cm. Musanabzalire pakukula, ndikofunika kuyambitsa feteleza wa potashi mu nthaka (phulusa la nkhuni lingagwiritsidwe ntchito, lili ndi zinthu zambiri zofunika kufufuza - magalasi 1-2 pa 1 sq. M). Koma ndi nayitrogeni, muyenera kukhala osamala kwambiri - ndi zochulukitsa zake m'nthaka, Kuuziku mbewu za muzu nthawi zambiri zimakula, zimakhala zazikulu, koma zopanda kanthu mkati mwake, zomwe zimatsogolera kuwonongeka kwawo pakasungidwa. Manyowa atsopano musanabzalidwe m'nthaka ndi bwino kuti asapange. Mutha kuyika humus pansi pa chomera chilichonse (chidebe cha mbewu 10). Z feteleza zokhala ndi nayitrogeni ziyenera kudyetsedwa kokha ndi kukula kosakwanira, chipululu chambiri. Koma, monga lamulo, Kuuzik sakukwera kunthaka ndipo amagwira ntchito bwino pamitundu iliyonse. Kukolola kuyenera kuchitika nyengo yanyengo panthawi ya kuzizira koyamba. Mu mbewu zokhala mizu yayitali, mizu yayitali imadulidwa, amachotsa nthaka, amathyola masamba, amadula mbali yakumtunda (kusiya 20-30 cm). Sungani Kuusiku m'zipinda zouma, zowuma. Mbewu zitha kumera zokha, chifukwa uwu ndi wosakanizidwa, osati F1. Munthu amangobzala zipatso zosungidwa m'mundayo kumapeto kwa Epulo. Mwa kugwa, mudzalandira mbewu zochuluka.

Timofeeva

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Timapanga zikhalidwe zabwino kuti masamba azikula

Popeza zamasamba zimatha kuzolowera nyengo yozizira, zitha kulimidwa ngakhale kumadera akumpoto. Zomera mukamatha kupirira kutentha mpaka -6 ° C, mbewu zazing'ono zazing'ono - zosatsika kuposa -4 ° C. Kukula kwa mbewu kumayamba pa kutentha kwa 2 ° C. Kutentha kwabwino komwe kumayendera limodzi ndi kukula kwamasamba kumayambira 16 mpaka 20 ° C.

Kukolola kwakukulu kumafunikira kuyatsa kwabwino. Chikhalidwe chimakonda nthaka yonyowa. Ndikwabwino kukula rutabaga pamtunda wachonde, wopepuka, wosalowerera ndende komanso chinyezi chokwanira komanso mpweya wabwino, wophatikizidwa ndi dongo ndi mchenga (loamy). Ma peatland olimidwa nawonso ndi oyenera. Madambo, clayey kapena okhala ndi miyala, sayenera kubzala mbewu.

Ndikwabwino kukula rutabaga pamtunda wachonde, wopepuka, wopanda ndale komanso chinyezi komanso mpweya wabwino.

Njira zokulira rutabaga

Switzerlande wakula m'njira ziwiri:

• mbande;
• mbewu.

Mbande

Kukula rutabaga poyera mbande kumachepetsa nthawi yakucha masamba. Izi ndizofunikira kumadera ozizira. Amayamba kufesa mbewu za mbande kuyambira pakati pa Epulo.

Ndondomeko

1. Choyamba, mbewu zakuthira zimayikidwa kwa ola limodzi mu yankho la adyo. Pakukonzekera kwake, adyo wosankhidwa (25 g) amatengedwa ndikuthira madzi 100 ml. Kenako mbewu zimachotsedwa mu njirayi, kutsukidwa, zouma, ndikuyika mu nsalu yonyowa pokonza kuti kumere.
2. Zikamera, mbewu zimabzalidwa, ndikukulitsa 1-1,5 masentimita m'nthaka, yomwe imakhala m'mabokosi apadera a mbande.
3. Chidebe chofeseracho chatsekedwa pamwamba ndi cellophane kapena galasi.
4. Kutentha kotereku kumayenera kusungidwa mkati mwa 17-18 ° C mpaka mbewu zoyambirira zitapangidwa. Pambuyo pake, pogona pamachotsedwa, bokosilo limayikidwa m'malo ozizira ndi kutentha kwa 6-8 ° C.
5. Pakatha sabata, matenthedwe amawonjezeredwa mpaka 12-15 ° C.
6. Kusamalira mbande, pomwe ili m'makokati, kumakhala kuthirira, kumasula, kupatulira, komwe kumasiya mphukira zamphamvu.
   

   Kukula mbande za rutabaga kumachepetsa nthawi yakucha mizu

Mbande ya mpipi imabzalidwe panthaka pa 40th. Pakadali pano, chomera chimayenera kukhala ndi masamba anayi. Asanabzike mumsewu kwa masiku 10 mpaka milungu iwiri, mbande zimazimitsidwa, pomwe zimayikidwa mu mpweya wabwino, kuyambira ola limodzi, ndikuwonjezera nthawi.

Zitsime zakonzedwa kuti zibzalidwe m'nthaka ndikuzikumba 20 cm. Maenjewo amathiriridwa madzi, ndipo mizu ya mbande imanyowetsedwa ndi poto la dongo, lomwe ndi zonunkhira za dongo, madzi ndi mullein. Mukabzala mbewu m'nthaka, muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti khosi la muzu limakhala pamwamba pa nthaka, limbitsani mphukira, ndikuthirira.

Mukabzala mbeu m'nthaka, muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti khosi la mizu limakhala pamwamba pa nthaka

Kuchokera kwa mbewu

Kukonzekera ntchito yofesa kumayamba m'dzinja. Kuti muchite izi, tsatani izi:

1. Malowa samasulidwa kuchokera ku mbewu zam'mbuyomu, namsongole ndi zomela zina, kenako manyowa obiriwira obzalidwa (clover, fatselia, lupine) - feteleza wobiriwira yemwe amalimbana ndi udzu ndikusintha kapangidwe ka dothi.
2. Mankhwala obiriwira akakula, amadulidwa ndi odulira ndege ndikuwotchera pansi nawo, kuwasiya pokwera.
3. Ndi kumayambiriro kwa masika, matalala akayamba kusungunuka, siderat yoyambira ikubowola pansi mpaka pansi.
4. Nthaka ikawotha osagwiritsa ntchito chida, namsongole ayamba kuwonekera, amapatsidwanso pabedi ndi wodulira ndege. Namsongole amachotsedwa, ndipo nthaka imakhetsedwa ndi Baikal EM-1.

Pakatha sabata, nthangala za rutabaga zimafesedwa pamalowa. Nthawi yofesa imatsimikiziridwa ndi nyengo. Ganizirani kuwonekera kwa ntchito ya mtanda wopachika, wokhoza kuvulaza mbewu. Chifukwa chake, rutabaga imabzalidwa nthawi yozizira, pamawonekedwe a mpweya osaposa 15-18 ° C. M'madera otentha, izi zimachitika kumapeto kwa Meyi, m'malo ozizira - kumapeto kwa Juni.

Mbeu za Rutabaga zimafesedwa nthawi yomweyo

Kubweretsa zinthu motere:

1. Mbewu zakonzeka kubzala. Pofuna kupewa matenda omwe angachitike, amawayika m'madzi (kutentha pafupifupi 50 ° C) kwa theka la ola. Kenako mbewu zimachotsedwa ndikuziwotcha pamtundu wowuma.
2. Mbewu chifukwa cha kukula kwake kakang'ono zimasakanizika ndi mchenga wouma (wamtali).
3. Asanabzike, mitengo yotalika pafupifupi 2 cm motalikirana ndi 0,5 m kuchokera pa mzake imalembedwa pansi.
4. Amayala nthangala 20 pamtunda umodzi wa mita, ndiye kuti sayenera kudulidwa.
5. Kuchokera kumwamba zimakutidwa ndi nthaka ndikuthilira pogwiritsa ntchito madzi ofunda.
6. Padziko lapansi, mbewu zimatha kuyikika ndi peat. Sungabe chinyezi.
7. Pa nthawi yomwe masamba awiri akuwonekera, mbewuzo zimasungidwa (ngati pangafunike) kuti mtunda pakati pa mphukira uchoke kuyambira 20 mpaka 25 cm. Chomera chilichonse chimasungidwa limodzi ndi mtanda wa nthaka pomwe muzu udakhazikikamo.

Kubzala kutha kuchitika mu magawo awiri.Ngati mufesa mbewu kumayambiriro kwa nthawi yophukira, mbewuyo ikacha chilimwe, iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yomweyo. Kubzala mwachilimwe m'chilimwe kumabweretsa zipatso. Ndizoyenera kusungidwa.

Momwe mungasamalire swede

Mutabzala, mmera mufunika chisamaliro.

Kuthirira

Dothi louma limapangitsa kuti mbewu zamizu zikhale zowawa komanso zowopsa. Kuchuluka kwa chinyezi kumawapangitsa kukhala opanda ntchito komanso madzi. Nthawi yakula, masamba amasungidwa kangapo ka 5 pachaka. Mukathirira, madzi oyenda amafunikira ndi 10 l / 1 m². Mizu yomera ikavumbulidwa nthawi yothirira, imayenera kukhewulidwa ndi nthaka. Pakatha masiku 1-2 kuthilira, dziko lapansi limasulidwa. Pakadali pano, muyenera kuthiranso rutabaga, mulch kuti musunge chinyontho m'nthaka.

Mukathirira, swede ndi spud

Mavalidwe apamwamba

Pambuyo pa masabata awiri kuchokera nthawi yomwe wabzala mbewuyo pansi, imadyetsedwa ndi manyowa amadzimadzi. Muzu wazomera ukapangidwa, feteleza wa mchere (30 g / 1 m²⁾. Zabwino zimakhudza chitukuko cha mbewu feteleza feteleza ndi zomwe:

• phosphorous;
• calcium
• manganese;
• mkuwa;
• boron.

Kuchuluka kwa boroni kumapangitsa kuti masamba azikhala amdima, amachepera kukoma, samasungidwa pang'ono. Chifukwa cha phosphorous rutabaga imakhala lokoma.

Pa nthawi yonse ya masamba, 2-3 kuphatikiza ndi michere ndi michere yambiri. Pakatha miyezi iwiri masamba kuchokera pachomera akafa kuchokera pansi, izi ndizabwinobwino. Chofunikira chokhacho ndikuwachotsa pamasamba ndi pabedi, apo ayi kuvunda kwawo kudzakopa tizirombo: ntchentche ntchentche, nsabwe za m'masamba, zotupa, tizilombo tina ndikupangitsa matenda a chomera.

Mawonekedwe a ukadaulo waulimi mu nyengo zosiyanasiyana

M'dziko lathu, rutabaga poyambilira adalimidwa kuti apeze mafuta kuchokera ku mbewu za chomera, pambuyo pake adakula ngati ndiwo zamasamba. Monga chomera chakudya ndi chakudya, ndizofala kumadera a Transbaikalia, Sakhalin, Urals, kumpoto ndi North-West ku Russia, kumadzulo kwa Ukraine, ndi maiko ena apafupi komanso akutali. Amakolola zabwino, zimasungidwa kwanthawi yayitali. Popeza rutabaga imalephera kuzizira, imakonda chinyezi ndipo imacha mwachangu, imalimidwa m'malo onse omwe kumatentha. Kulima bwino kumathandizira kuti nthaka yosankhidwa ikhale. Sayenera kukhala yopepuka komanso yopatsa thanzi, komanso yosatenga nawo mbali (pH kuyambira 5.5 mpaka 7).

Malo omwe ali patsamba lino ndi lolemera, ali ndi dongo, muyenera kuwonjezera mchenga, humus, peat kwa iwo. Asidi acidity amachepetsa ndi laimu.

Chikhalidwe sichinabzalidwe pa zitunda, pomwe masamba okhudzana adakula kale izi: kabichi, mpiru, radish, raderadish, daikon. Amakhulupirira kuti omwe adatsogola kwambiri ndi mbatata, nkhaka, phwetekere, dzungu ndi nyemba.

Rutabaga amapereka zokolola zabwino madera otentha

Matenda ndi tizilombo: Kuteteza ndi kupewa

Monga mbewu zina, swede imatha kukhala ndi matenda osiyanasiyana. Kuti muthane nawo bwino, muyenera kudziwa zomwe zizindikiro zake zili.

Bacteriosis

Matendawa amayamba chifukwa cha kutentha kochepa, chinyezi chachikulu, chisanu, zinthu zambiri za nayitrogeni. Kuchokera ku matendawa, m'munsi mwa nsonga za mbeuyo mumayamba kuvutika, kenako muzu. Udzu umasanduka chikasu, umafa, umakhala poterera, kununkhira kwa zowola kumachokera.

Kupewa ndi kuwongolera:

• kuchepetsa chitukuko cha matendawa, 1% yankho la Bordeaux fluid imagwiritsidwa ntchito;
• kupewetsa tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa ndi dothi kumathandiza kupewa bacteriosis;
• mbewu isanabzalidwe imayikidwa mu yankho la adyo kapena madzi otentha;
• matenda odwala awonongedwa;
• kuthirira ndi potaziyamu permanganate munthawi yopanga mbewu ndikuwakhetsa ndi phulusa kumathandizanso ngati njira yothanirana.

Aliyense

Rutabaga nawonso amadwala matendawa, chikhalidwe cha kabichi. Kutupa ndi zophuka zimawonekera pazomera. Maonekedwe a keel angapangitsidwe ndi chinyezi chambiri, namsongole. Mutha kupewa matendawa pothira laimu pansi. Imakonzedwa ndikusakaniza 2 tbsp. laimu ndi malita 10 amadzi. Osachepera 1 lita yankho limathiridwa pansi pazu uliwonse. Kuthirira kubwerezedwa masiku angapo pambuyo pake ndi kulowetsedwa kwa 400 g wa masamba a horseradish (mizu), wodzazidwa ndi 10 l madzi. Kusakaniza kotereku kumalowetsedwa kwa maola anayi.

Mwendo wakuda

Matendawa amafalikira pamtunda wotsika pang'ono, mvula yambiri, komanso chinyezi chambiri. Matendawa amachokera kumunsi kwa mbande (muzu wam'munsi) ndipo amawonekera chikaso, kupindika kwa masamba, kuterera kwa maziko a tsinde la mbewu. Kuti mupewe mavuto amenewa, muyenera kuthirira mbewu yanu mosamala. Pofuna kupewa, munthu asamaiwale za kufalitsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda asanafesere ndi kufalitsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'nthaka. Asanayike masamba kuti asungidwe, amafunika kuti aume bwino.

Zomera zodwala zikaoneka, zimachotsedwa ndikuwotchedwa. Kuti muchepetse kuchuluka kwa matendawa, dziko lapansi limapukutidwa ndi phulusa (1 tbsp.) Pamasakanizidwe ndi mkuwa wa sulfate (1 tsp). Zochizira pamtunda ndi pamwamba, mutha kukonzekera yankho la 1 tbsp. l sulfate yamkuwa (mkuwa wa oxychloride), 1 tbsp. l Sopo yochapira ndi malita 10 amadzi.

Fomoz

Phomosis imatsimikiziridwa ndi mawanga achikaso omwe amapangidwa pamasamba, omwe amakhala ndi madontho akuda pakati. Matendawa amafalikira pakatikati pa chomera ndipo amayambitsa kuvunda. Kupewera matendawa kumachitika ndi 80% (75%) ya polycarbocin pamlingo wa 0,5 g wa mankhwala pa 100 g ya mbewu.

Popeza dothi lopanda boron limayang'aniridwa ndi fomose, kuthira feteleza ndi chinthuchi kumagwiritsidwa ntchito: 1 g ya borax imafunikira pa 1 m2.

Tizilombo

Chikhalidwe nthawi zambiri chimalowa. Zina mwa tizirombo tating'onoting'ono titha kuzidziwa

• kabichi ntchentche;
• slugs;
• nsabwe za m'masamba;
• chikuni chamoto;
• nthambo yopachika.

Mutha kuteteza mbewu za muzu mwa kuwaza mzere ndi tsabola wofiirira, mpiru, phulusa lamatabwa, fumbi la fodya. Mwa mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi Fitoverm, Lepidocide.

Ph jpg: matenda ndi tizirombo ta rutabaga

Kututa ndi kusunga

Rutabaga wakucha mu Seputembala. Zomera za Autumn sizowopsa pachomera, zimatha kukhala munthaka kutentha mpaka -8 ° C. Koma amayesa kukolola mu kugwa isanayambike nyengo yozizira. Kukumba masamba, kudula nsonga. Zomera zamizu zimayikidwa pakuuma. Kuti muchite izi, amamasulidwa padziko lapansi, amasanjidwa, kusankha masamba abwino osawonongeka.

Ngati pali ofananira nawo pamizu, thupi lake limakhala lopanda vuto komanso lolimba.

Pambuyo pouma, masamba amasungidwa m'malo abwino ndi kutentha kwa 4-5 ° C: cellar kapena cellar. Iyenera kukhala youma, apo ayi ndiwo zamasamba zikhala zopanda mchere ndi zowola. Ngati zipatsozo zikaikidwa mzere m'mabokosi okhala ndi mchenga wamtsinje, ndiye kuti akhoza kugona nthawi yayitali.

Kumagawo akum'mwera komwe kali ndi nyengo yofatsa, mbewu za muzu zimakumbidwa pansi momwe zimafunikira, osawopa kuzizira.

Kanema: Kukolola kwa rutabaga

Ndikofunika kulabadira rutabaga - masamba othandiza, omwe posachedwa adayiwalika. Koma zofunikira zikhalidwe zimapangitsa kuti zizigwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala komanso zodzikongoletsera, muzakudya komanso kuphika. Izi zimalimbikitsa anthu kuti azichita chidwi ndi mbewuyo ndikuyamba kuyilima m'minda yawo. Kusamalira rutabaga sikugwira ntchito pochita ntchito zambiri ndipo ndiokwera mtengo kwa alimi onse a masamba.