Momwe mungafalitsire mtengo wamtengo m'njira yoyenera kunyumba - kudula mitengo, mizu kapena masamba, kufalitsa pofesa mbewu. Chovuta kwambiri komanso nthawi yambiri pa njira zonse ndi njira yomwe mbewu ikugwirira ntchito, yomwe imafunikira nyengo zina kuti ikwaniritsidwe ndikusamalidwa kwambiri kwamera pambuyo pake. Ndipo ndizosatheka kudikira kuti mayi wonenepa atulutsa kunyumba, ndipo mbande zamtsogolo zitha kukhala zosafanana ndi mtengo wamayi.
Chikhalidwe chabwino, chokoma, chomwe ngakhale panyumba chimatha kukula mpaka 50 cm, chofunikira kuphatikizidwa mumphika wambiri, ndi mtengo wa ndalama.
Njira ndi zotsatira
Zofunika! Chomera chimakula bwino malo otseguka, mpaka kukula kwake kosasinthika, chikukwera mpaka mamita 5. Ili ndi dzina lake chifukwa cha mawonekedwe a tsamba, omwe ali ofanana kwambiri ndi ndalama. Amamasuka kwambiri kuthengo, m'nyumba - kawirikawiri kapena ayi chifukwa chosowa magetsi.
Kukula ndi kufalitsa mtengo wamtunduwu ndi njira yosangalatsa ndipo sikungadzetse mavuto, pokhapokha mutasankha njira yokukula ndi mbewu.
Kufalikira ndi kudula
Kufalikira kwa Crassula ndi odulidwa ndi njira imodzi yachidule. Pachifukwa ichi, njira za apical kapena kudula kuchokera ku tsinde ndizoyenera kwambiri. Zotsatira zake, mu kanthawi kochepa ndizotheka kubwezeretsanso chomera, ngati madontho awiri amadzi ofanana ndi mayi.
Nthawi yodula
Tcherani khutu! Zomera zobzala ziyenera kuzika mizu kumayambiriro kwa zomerazo - masika. Ngati muthana ndi njirayi nthawi yozizira kapena yophukira, ndiye kuti muyenera kudziwa kuti mizu imawoneka panthawiyi pang'onopang'ono, mkati mwa masabata 3-6.
Mizu yachitika:
- M'madzi
- M'dothi lokonzedwa.
Ndondomeko ya tsiku ndi tsiku pokonzekera zomwe zidulidwa musanachitike:
- Njira zake zikhale za 10-15 masentimita m'litali ndi masamba atatu amtundu ndi masamba atatu.
- Kusankhidwa kwa mphukira komwe odulira kuduladula ndi mpeni wakuyenera kuyeneranso kusamala. Kuthawa amasankhidwa olimba, olimba komanso opanga bwino.
- Chodulidwa chakumunsi chikuyenera kuchitika pafupi ndi momwe mungathere - mizu idzaonekera malo ano posachedwa.
- Pambuyo poti odula azidula, ayenera kuwuma kwa masiku 1-2 poyera.
Zofunika! Palibe zoyatsira za rhizome ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Ngati zonse zachitika molondola, ndiye kuti mizu imawonekera mu 100% ya milandu. M'mbiri, pamakhala zochitika zambiri pamene phesi limakhala kwa milungu ingapo, ndipo zitatha mizu.
Kuzika mizu m'madzi
Kufalitsa ndi kuzika mizu kwa mayi wonenepa ndikudula m'madzi ndi motere:
- Tengani galasi kapena chotengera chotsukidwa bwino.
- Thirani madzi owiritsa ndikukhazikika mu firiji pasadakhale, onjezerani mapiritsi awiri a kaboni yokhazikitsidwa.
- M'malo mwa chogwirira chomwe chimamizidwa mu madzi, chotsani masamba onse, chifukwa angayambitse njira zowola.
- Banki iyenera kuyikidwa pamalo otentha, pomwe sipadzakhala kuwunika mwachindunji.
- Pakadali pano mizu yake itakhala yosachepera 2 cm, mutha kubzala thumba mumphika wosiyana ndi dothi lomwe lidakonzedwa kale kapena mudagula dothi lokhazikika.
Kuzika mizu m'madzi
Tcherani khutu! Njirayi imalola mizu kuti iwoneke yamoyo kwambiri kuposa mitundu ina yobala. Komabe, pamakhala chiwopsezo chachikulu cha kuwola kwa zidutswazo, makamaka ngati kutentha kwa mpweya mchipindacho kuli bwino.
Mizu ya njira mu nthaka
Musanabzalire mphukira pansi, ndikofunika kukonzekera.
Njira yozika mizu
Pazifukwa izi, malo osiyanasiyana amatengedwa chimodzimodzi:
- Mapepala,
- Sodomu,
- Mchenga wamtsinje
- Kapena mutha kutenga mchenga wosalala kapena wowonda,
- Sakani dothi la cacti ndi suppulents ndiwofunikiranso.
Chiwembuchi ndi motere:
- Tengani mphika wawung'ono (mpaka 8 masentimita), ikani gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a kutalika kwa thankiyo.
- Ikani dothi losakanizira pamwamba, siloyenera kupunthwa kwambiri. Zilowerere ndi chinyezi.
- Ikani kudula pakati pakatikati kuti matope omwe ali pansipo akuzama kulowa pansi ndi nthaka mpaka masentimita 3-4. Nthaka zimachotsedwa m'munsi pazaphatikizidwe.
- Ikani chidebe pamalo otentha (madigiri 18 mpaka 18), owunikira, koma popanda kuwala kwadzuwa.
Zambiri. Zodula sizifunikira mawonekedwe pang'ono onyowa, chifukwa chomwe mini-greenhouse sichiyenera kupangidwanso. Chofunika kwambiri ndikumunyowetsa nthaka ndikamuma. Mphukira zikazika mizu, mbewuyo imayamba kukula, ndiye kuti ndizovomerezeka kusunthira mumphikawo ndikusamaliranso mwachidwi, monga maluwa akuluakulu.
Kufalitsa masamba
Mungathe bwanji kufalitsa msungwana wonenepa - mothandizidwa ndi masamba. Zowona, njirayi idzatenga kukula kwakukulu. Kukula kwa tsamba kumachitika lokha, koma ana samawonekera posachedwa.
Zomwe ziyenera kuchitika pokonzekera:
- Sankhani masamba athanzi popanda zowola ndi zizindikiro za matenda, zilonda.
- Ndikwabwino kusiyanitsa nyengo zomwe zili pakati paziphuphu za mtengo wamayi.
- Masamba volumetric, wandiweyani, wosanjika bwino ndiye njira yabwino koposa. Ngati kuli kotheka kupatulira omwe mizu yake ili ndi mpweya, ichi ndi chitsimikizo cha 100% yakuzika bwino kwa mizu.
Zambiri. Masamba ofota, owuma afota mizu isanayambe mizu, ndipo masamba ang'onoang'ono azikhala nthawi yayitali, popeza iwonso ndi ofooka komanso opanda mphamvu.
Kuzika ndi dothi
Malinga ndi olima dimba, njirayi ndiyabwinoko, yosavuta komanso yothandiza kuposa kuyika pepalalo m'madzi.
Momwe mungazule masamba a Crassula pansi:
- Tengani mbale kapena chidebe chaching'ono.
- Thirani kusakaniza ndikunyowa pang'ono.
- Masamba ayenera owuma asanachitike (kwa masiku 1-2). Iwayikeni panthaka kuti nthaka yakumunsi ikulumikizane ndi dothi.
Kodi ndingayike bwanji masamba:
- M'malire wonse wamphikawo, kukulitsa ndi milimita yocheperako ndikupuma pamalire kapena m'mphepete.
- Limbitsani pepalalo ndi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a kukula kwake, kenako nkuikonza ndi zida zamatabwa kapena ndodo.
Chophimba pansi
Zofunika! Munjira iyi, ndibwino kukhazikitsa botolo mu mini-wowonjezera kutentha. Imachitika mosavuta palokha: mbaleyo imayikidwa mu pulasitiki yotseka, kenako imakutidwa ndi chotengera chagalasi, kuti kuwala kwa dzuwa kulowa mkati. Nthawi yomweyo chitani ziwonetsero tsiku lililonse kuti muchepetse kuwonongeka kwa pepalalo chifukwa chinyezi zambiri.
Ana adzakhazikika kwa nthawi yayitali, chifukwa chake kuli kofunikira kuti mukhale opirira. Zikamera zikangotuluka, chotsani botolo lagalasi. Pakadutsa milungu itatu kapena itatu, mphukira zitha kuzilidwa pansi.
Kuzika mizu m'madzi
Kodi tsamba la Crassulacea limachulukana bwanji ndi mizu m'madzi:
- Pansi, tsamba lokhazikika bwino limasiyanitsidwa mosamala ndikusiyidwa mumthunzi tsiku lonse.
- Chidebe chathyathyathya, kuwira kapena chidebe chakonzedwa, pepalalo limamizidwa ndikumapeto kumapeto kwa madzi a 0.5 cm. Kuphatikiza kwa Kornevina kumadzi ndikololedwa.
- Sunthirani chidebe pamalo otentha osayatsidwa ndi dzuwa.
- Mizu ikawonekera, tsamba limasinthidwa ndikukhala chidebe chaching'ono kuti mizu yawo imaphukira.
Kuzula tsamba m'madzi
Patatha mwezi umodzi, mutha kupandikiza mumphika wokhala ndi masentimita a 5-7.
Ndi mitundu iti yomwe singathe kufalitsidwa ndi tsamba
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Varigate imafuna chisamaliro chabwino komanso njira yapadera yothandizira kubereka. Zimaberekanso munjira yobala zipatso, zikamera mbewu, mitunduyo, monga lamulo, imataya kukongoletsa kwake komanso kusiyanasiyana.
Crassula Rubra
Nthambi zatsopano za mitundu yoterezi zimatha kupezeka kokha mothandizidwa ndi tsinde. Masamba akachulukana, masamba a masamba amatha kutha, ndiye kuti sizotheka nthawi zonse kupeza chomera chomwe mukufuna.
Njira zoweta zimachitika motere:
- M'mwezi wa Marichi kapena Epulo, odulidwa kuchokera pamwamba pa zitanda amadulidwa.
- Wogwiritsa ntchito amayenera kuthandizidwa mwachangu ndi ufa wa kaboni, pa mtengo wamayi ndi kuwombera. Lolani kudulidwaku kwa masiku awiri.
- Mphukira imatha kuyikidwa m'madzi kapena kuyiyika mu dothi losakanizika ndi masamba. Mizu imakonda kuonekera mwachangu.
- Tsamba lomwe lazika kale mizu sikufunika kuphimbidwa. Koma ndikofunikira pafupipafupi komanso mofatsa.
Zambiri. Mtunduwu umaberekanso osati mchaka. Ngati mumadula zodula nthawi ina pachaka, ndiye kuti palibe zovuta, komanso zovuta, komanso kubereka komanso kuzika mizu.
Mitundu yamitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi mitundu yosangalatsa komanso yachilendo yomwe imakopa ndi korona wawo wopaka modabwitsa. Kusamalira iwo ndikosiyana kwambiri ndi kwa achibale omwe ali ndi nthambi zobiriwira. Ngati mukukumbukira ndikuganizira zabwino zonse zakusamalidwa ndi chisamaliro chazomera, ndiye kuti kunyumba sikudzakhala kovuta kukula bambo wodabwitsa.
Kufalitsa mbewu
Kuswana kwamtunduwu kumachitika makamaka ndi obereketsa. Amatha kupeza ma hybrbr ndi mitundu yomwe siyotsika mtengo wamayi. M'nyumba, zoterezi sizingatheke. Iyi ndi njira yayitali, kusamalira mbande kudzafunika kulimbikira kwambiri komanso nthawi.
Zofunika! Ngati mbewu ili ndi mphika wofunda, siyiphuka. Mkazi wonenepa amafunika kukhala mwamphamvu. Kudikirira maluwa, mmera uyenera kukhala wosachepera zaka zisanu.
Malamulo a maluwa opambana:
- M'nyengo yozizira, duwa liyenera kusungidwa m'chipinda chozizira (kutentha kumakhala mpaka +15 madigiri), kasupe - wowonekera poyera.
- Sipangakhale kulumpha lakuthwa pakutentha.
- Seputembala - kutha kwa mwezi wa February - nthawi yopuma. Palibenso chifukwa chobweretsera mavalidwe aliwonse apamwamba, madzi okha kangapo pamwezi.
- Kuyambira mu Marichi, feteleza amayamba panthawi yothirira. Tengani mavalidwe apamwamba m'masitolo apadera.
- Mtengowo umapatsidwa kuwunikira kwabwino, koma kuyatsa kuyenera kuyatsidwa.
- Masamba amafunika kutsukidwa kuchokera kufumbi. Kuti muchite izi, piritsi limodzi la piritsi 1 la supu ya madzi, gwiritsani ntchito njira iyi.
- Panthawi ya maluwa, kuthira manyowa ndikofunikira.
- Nthambizo zitayamba kufota ndikuuma, mbewuzo zidakhwima. Ma inflorescence amafunika kudulidwa ndikusiyidwa kuti aume pachidebe.
- Mukangotula nthanga, muyenera kufesa.
Kumera kwa mbeu
Njira Zomera:
- Tengani chidebe chotsika, chotetezedwa ndi chosungira. Gawo losakanikirana ndi gawo lamchenga ndi mchenga (2: 1) umayikidwapo, wokutidwa ndi phulusa la phulusa pamwamba.
- Nyowetsani nthaka ndi yofooka yankho la potaziyamu permanganate. Ziyenera kukhala kutentha firiji.
- Mbewu zofesedwa pansi popanda kuyikidwa m'manda ndi kuwaza pansi.
- Phimbani chidebe ndi chivindikiro chagalasi kapena galasi, koma siyani pang'ono.
- Tsiku ndi tsiku, onani zomwe zimachitika ndi mbewu: pukuta masamba omwe adapangidwa, thirirani pansi ndi madzi ofunda.
- Patatha milungu itatu, mbewuzo zimayamba kumera. Chophimbacho chikuyenera kuchotsedwa. Mbewu zikamera, zimayenera kukhazikikika mu chidebe chosyanasiyana, mtunda pakati pa mphukira ndi masentimita 1. Kusamalira ndi nthaka ziyenera kukhala zofanana.
- Zikamera zikakula ndi masentimita 7-10, zibzalidwe mu dothi losakanikirana ndi turf (gawo limodzi), tsamba (mbali ziwiri) lapansi ndi mchenga (gawo limodzi). Kusamalidwa ndikofanana ndi zodulidwa.
- Kusiya - kutentha kwa madigiri 15-18, kuyatsa kwabwino ndi kuwala kosakanikira.
- Pambuyo pake, chisamaliro chimakhala chofanana ndi mtengo wachikulire.
Zofunika! Musakhale achangu mukathirira mukamasamalira zodula, mphukira zazing'ono kapena mbande zomwe zangotuluka. Mkazi wamafuta samalekerera kuthirira kwambiri ndipo nthawi yomweyo amataya kukongoletsa, masamba amayamba kupindika, kuzimiririka ndikudzakutidwa ndi mawanga a bulauni.
Kwezani mtengo wa ndalama sikovuta, ngakhale wobzala woyamba angathane ndi izi. Kuti mukhale ndi chikhalidwechi pofesa mbewu, muyenera kuyesa. Kuphatikiza apo, muyenera kukumbukira za chisamaliro choyenera, apo ayi mbewuyo imakhala yopindika komanso yosokoneza maluwa ena. Kuunikira pafupipafupi (osachepera maola 12 patsiku) komanso kusinthasintha kwa mphika ndi mafuta pamafelemu ake kumapangitsa kuti korona apange moyenerera.
