Aliyense amene akhulupirira kuti sanawone Actinidia ali wolondola pang'ono. Wina anali ndi mwayi wokaona Botanical Garden kapena kukaona dimba la Pharmacy - nthawi zambiri omwe angokwatirana kumene amatenga zithunzi kumeneko motsutsana ndi mitengo yazipatso zokongola zopangidwa ndi maluwa oyera mu June. Ena, akuyenda mozungulira mundawo, adawona mbewu zikukwera ndi masamba achilesi ndi oyera, ngati kuti penti. Ndipo ochepa adayesera kiwi. Awa nawonso ndi a actinidia, koma achi China, kapena a Actinidia okoma.
Magwero a actinidia komanso mafotokozedwe achidule
Actinidia (wochokera ku Chigriki. Ακ 2704) ndi mtundu wazipatso zamipanda zamtundu wachipembedzo cha a Actinidia. Kwa okhala ku Far East, Primorye kapena Khabarovsk Territory, palibe chilichonse chosowa pazomera izi. Actinidia adakhala komweko kuyambira nthawi ya ma tertiary, pomwe kudalipo zigawo za malo ochepa. Ndi kuyambika kwa madzi oundana, nyengo idasinthasintha, koma actinidia sanathere, monga mbewu zina, koma adazolowera kwambiri. Mitundu inayi ya actinidia mwa makumi asanu ndi awiri mphambu asanu omwe alipo pakalipano ikukula ku Far East.
Actinidia - mphete zowoneka bwino zopindika ngati mitengo kapena yopindika. Mapulogalamu a Actinidia amafunikira thandizo. Alibe mizu ya mlengalenga, motero amabzalidwa pafupi ndi nyumbazo popanda kuwonongeka kwa nyumbazi. Masamba a Actinidia ali ndi mawonekedwe okongoletsa kwambiri. Kupaka utoto nthawi zosiyanasiyana za chaka mitundu yosiyanasiyana kuyambira yoyera mpaka rasipiberi, amakopa chidwi, ndikupanga tchuthi chokongola.
Actinidia amagwiritsidwa ntchito popima dima, azikongoletsa m'mbali mwa nyumba
Actinidiaidi ndi chomera chamtengo wapatali. Ngati muli ndi malingaliro osangokongoletsa mundawo, komanso kusangalala ndi zipatso zoyambirira, muyenera kubzala mbeu ziwiri zokha. Ndipo ndibwino, koposa pamenepo, mwachitsanzo, pa 1: 3, pomwe chizindikiro chotsika chikugwirizana ndi mbewu zachimuna. Asanakhale maluwa, sizotheka kusiyanitsa mbewu yachikazi ndi yamphongo. Atamasula maluwa, ndizodziwika kuti maluwa amphongo alibe pistil, pomwe maluwa achikazi amakhala ndi mbola ndi pistil. Ziphuphu za maluwa nthawi zambiri zimakhala zoyera.
Maluwa amtundu wa actinidia alibe chitumbuwa, pomwe maluwa achikazi amakhala ndi pestle ndi stamens
Zipatso za Actinidia ndi zipatso zobiriwira zakuda, nthawi zambiri zimadutsa, koma palinso zina. Chipatsochi chimakhala chachikulu kutalika kwa 3 cm ndi 1.5 cm. Zipatso zouma ndizonunkhira, zotsekemera, zofewa, zomwe zimakhala ndi mbewu zazing'ono zambiri.
Palibe chovuta kunena kuti mtsogolomo actinidia adzakhala malo amodzi mwa zipatso zoyamba kudera lathu, omwe amatha kuthamangitsa mphesa monga zipatso zawo ... osangolowa m'malo mwa mitundu yonse ya zipatso, koma kupitirira pamenepo pamlingo wazipatso zawo ...
I.V. MichurinKuragodnikova G. A. Kuunika kwathunthu kwachuma komanso kwachilengedwenso kumayambitsa mapulogalamu a Actinidia ku Central Black Sea
Actinidia akhoza kukula mpaka zaka 80-100. M'zaka zoyambirira, imakula mwachangu, kenako ndikuchepetsa. Kubala kumatenga pafupifupi zaka 50.
Malamulo akumalo
Musanayambe kubzala Actinidia, muyenera kusankha pazolinga zomwe mukufuna. Pazokongoletsa, kugonana kwa mbewu ndi momwe kukula kwake kulibe kanthu. Kuti mupeze zipatso zamankhwala onunkhira, muyenera kupeza mbande zamtundu wamphongo ndi wamkazi, ndipo ndibwino kutola mbande zachikazi zambiri. Zaka zoyenera kwambiri kuti mbande izikhala zaka ziwiri kapena zinayi.
Pazithunzithunzi za Actinidia, malo omwe ali ndi dzuwa ndi ofunikira, koma malo otseguka amatha kuyambitsa kutentha kwa mbewu. Madera owunikiridwa komwe chomera chimakhala chadzaza nthawi yotentha ndizoyenereradi.
Kuti kukula kwabwinobwino komanso kukhazikika kwa Actinidia, kumafunikira dothi lopanda mphamvu kapena losalowerera, lokwanira bwino, komanso lachonde. M'malo otsika, pamadothi osanja, iwo samakula. Ngati ngalande yoboweka mu bowo la Actinidia, miyala ya mumtsinje imagwiritsidwa ntchito, koma osati miyala kapena mwala wosweka, popeza calcium yomwe ili momwemo imatha kuyendetsa nthaka. Pakupezeka madzi ambiri pansi, mulu wochita kuthira umathiridwa ku Actinidia, njerwa zosweka ndi miyala ing'onoyo imagwiritsidwa ntchito kutulutsira madziwo.
Kanema: woyamba mbewu wa actinidia
Bwino kubzala mtengo wa mpesa
Ngati ndi kotheka, ndibwino kubzala actinidia pamalo otsetsereka achilengedwe, pomwe madzi samayenda ndipo mbewu zimayatsidwa bwino. Monga zokwawa zonse, actinidia amafunikira thandizo lamphamvu. Chomera chimabzalidwa pafupi ndi nyumba, pafupi ndi nyumbayo, pamiyala kapena nyumba zomangidwa. Zipatso zimawoneka pamwamba pa korona, motero ndikofunikira kulingalira zamtundu wa chithandizo chamtsogolo, kuti pambuyo pake zitheke. Actinidia amadziwika ndi nthawi yayitali.
Sitikulimbikitsidwa kubzala actinidia pafupi ndi mitengo yayikulu ya zipatso. Kuyandikana koteroko kumachepetsa Actinidia, kuwalowetsa dzuwa ndi chinyezi, komanso kumasula pafupipafupi mitengo yazipatso kuvulaza mizu yamipesa yomwe ili pompopompo.
Actinidia sanabzalidwe madera omwe kale idalimo kale, koma malo atsopano akusankhidwa. Asayansi adawonanso kuti mitengo ya maapulo imabweretsa vuto pakukula kwa Actinidia, pomwe kuyandikira kwa matchire a currant ndikwabwino.
Actinidia kubzala mu masika
Mabowo akunyumba amakonzedwa pasadakhale. Kukula kwa mabowo kuyenera kukhala masentimita 50x50x50. Amayikidwa patali pafupifupi mita imodzi ndi theka kapena awiri. Ndi feteleza wokwanira mdzenje, mtunda ungakhale wocheperako ngati akuyenera kukongoletsa mawonekedwe a nyumba.
- Mbande zimasankhidwa pasadakhale, kudula ndikuvulaza ndi magawo owuma a mizu ndi nthambi.
- Njerwa zosweka, miyala ya miyala, miyala yaying'ono yamtsinje imagwera pansi pa mabowo.
- Denga lamadzi limakutidwa ndi peat.
- Dothi losakanikirana ndi mchenga ndi mchere wa michere wokhala ndi nayitrogeni, phosphorous ndi potaziyamu mu chiyerekezo cha 1: 5: 1 amathiridwa pamtundawu ndi knoll; osaposa 30-40 g wa feteleza pachitsime chilichonse.
- Actinidia obzalidwa m'miyala ndi feteleza wa mchere.
- Dothi limapangidwa bwino, ndikuonetsetsa kuti khosi la mizu silikuzama.
- Madzi ambiri ndikuthiriridwa ndi utuchi, peyala singano kapena peat youma.
Feteleza wokhala ndi chlorine sangathe kuwonjezera pa dzenje lobzala; actinidia salola chlorine. M'zaka zoyambirira, amphaka ndi owopsa kwa mbande; amawononga mphukira zazing'ono kuti azisangalala ndi chakudya chambiri. Zakale zokhala ndi zibwenzi sizimadwala mphaka. Mbande zazing'ono zimapulumutsidwa nthawi zambiri ndi mpanda wopangidwa ndi zitsulo zopopera.
Yophukira
Ngati mukuyenera kubzala actinidia mu kugwa, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti izi sizichitika pasanathe milungu iwiri ngakhale chisanu chikuyembekezeka. Kupanda kutero, palibe kusiyana: kabowo kamakonzedwa m'njira yoyenera, mutabzala, bowo limakumbika ndi peat, humus kapena kompositi. Achichepere a Actinidia mbande zoyambirira. Zomera zazikulu zimalekerera nyengo yachisanu bwino, nthawi zina, muyenera kuchotsa nthambi zowonongeka ndi chisanu. Palibe chifukwa chochotsa actinidia pa trellis ndi chivundikiro.
Kanema: Kubzala kwa Actinidia
Njira zolerera
Monga chomera chilichonse cha angiosperm, actinidia amatha kufalitsa zipatso mokwanira komanso moolowa manja. Panthawi yamavomerezedwe, masamba odulidwa achimuna samasungidwa amuna, ndi akazi odulidwa, zonse zomwe zimagwidwa ndi mayi. Zomera zopangidwa ndi zodula zimayamba kubala zipatso mchaka chachitatu kapena chachinayi mutabzala. Mtundu wamasamba umaphatikizanso kubereka kwa ma arc.
Mukamafalitsa ndi mbewu, ndiye kuti, ndizabereka, sizingatheke kudziwa kugonana kwa mbewuyo asanayambe maluwa, koma malinga ndi ndemanga, mbande zomwe zidalandidwa kuchokera kumbewu ndizolimba. Zomera zomwe zimamera mbande zimabereka zipatso mchaka chachisanu ndi chiwiri.
Kufalikira ndi kudula
Pofalikira kwa Actinidia, mphukira zolimba pachaka ndizoyenera kwambiri. Zodulidwa zimadulidwa mu June, pomwe kutuluka kwake kulibenso kwamphamvu.
- Ndikawombera mwamphamvu pachaka, nthambi ya theka la mita imadulidwa.
- Amagawa muudzu wa 10-15 masentimita, kuti iliyonse ikhale ndi masamba atatu.
- Chodulidwa pansi pa impso yapansi chimadutsa mbali ya 45za, ndipo pamwamba pamtunda, masentimita 5 pamwamba pa impso.
- Masamba otsika amachotsedwa, omwe akumtambawo amawadula pakati kuti achepetse madziwo.
- Ngati kudula kumathandizidwa ndi Cornevin, kuzika kwamizu kwachangu.
- Konzani zitsime pasadakhale kuti zodulidwazo zitheke masentimita 5.
- Dothi lomwe lili m'maenjewo limasakanikirana ndi mchenga ndi mitsinje pamtsinje 2: 2: 1.
- Zopangira feteleza zomwe mulibe chlorine (!) Musapereke zoposa 100 magalamu pa mita2.
- Kusakaniza kwa dothi lamadzi kumakhala madzi ambiri, kudula kumabzalidwa pakona pa 60za.
- Dothi limapangidwa mosamala, pomwe impso zapakati pazodulidwazo zimakhala pamwamba pa nthaka.
- Ngati odula sanabzalidwe mu wowonjezera kutentha kapena wowonjezera kutentha, mitsuko wamba yamatayala imayikidwa.
- Mutabzala, onetsetsani kuti dothi lonyowa mokwanira, ndipo zodulidwa zimafwiridwa mpaka kasanu patsiku.
- Pamaso chisanu, kudula kumakutidwa ndi masamba adagwa kapena udzu wosenda.
- Kumayambiriro kwam'mawa, kutupa kwa impso, mizu yokhazikika ibzalidwe m'malo osankhidwa nthawi zonse.
- M'tsogolomo, mmera ukakula ndikutukuka, mpesa umapangidwa pachokhazikika.
Mutabzala mmera m'malo okhazikika, mapangidwe a mipesa
Njira yomwe tafotokozayi imatchedwa "masamba obiriwira". Pali njira yodulidulira ndi mphukira zopindika. Amakololedwa kumapeto kwa dzinja kapena nthawi yozizira: odulidwa osadulidwa, omangidwa m'miyala, osungidwa m'bokosi lokhala ndi mchenga wotsika (mpaka +5zaC) kutentha. Chapakatikati, iwo amabzala mu wowonjezera kutentha ndikuyang'anira momwemo ndikudula wobiriwira.
Kuyika mizu
Ngati mukufuna kufalitsa omwe amapezeka kale a Actinidia, mumasankha mphukira yamphamvu. M'chilimwe, madzi otumphukira atachepera ndipo masamba achichepere amawonekera, iwo amawugugamira pansi ndikuwatsina.
Matalikidwewo amapanikizika ndikuphimbidwa ndi nthaka kuti ipangidwe
Malo omwe zidutswazo zimakhudza pansi ndikuphimbidwa ndi dothi komanso mulched. Nthawi yomweyo, pamwamba pa mpirawo sagona, amatha kumangidwa ndi msomali. Mulu wamadzi wothiriridwa, mphukira zatsopano zomwe zidawonekera zimapopera madzi nthawi zonse. Mu nthawi yophukira, zigawo zokhazikitsidwa zimasiyanitsidwa ndi chomera cha kholo ndikuziika kumalo okhazikika.
Kubzala mbewu
Kuti mukule actinidiaya mbewu, muyenera kukhala ndi kupirira kwambiri. Mbewu zatsopano zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pofesa, pomwe zimataya kumera msanga.
- Mbewu zimatengedwa kuchokera ku zipatso zofewa, zimayikidwa mchikwama kapena chomera, zotsukidwa bwino ndikumapukutira pakapukutilo.
- Kumayambiriro kwa Disembala, mbewu zokutidwa ndi nsalu zimathiridwa ndimadzi kuti nsaluyo imakutidwa kwathunthu. Madzi amasinthidwa tsiku ndi tsiku.
- Pakatha masiku anayi, chovala chokhala ndi mbewu chimatulutsidwa, ndikukutira pang'ono ndikumizidwa mu mchenga wodetsa, wowuma bwino wofunda kwa miyezi iwiri. Munthawi imeneyi, kamodzi pa sabata, njere zimachotsedwa, nsaluzo sizimakutidwa kwa mphindi zisanu kuti mpweya wabwino, wokutiridwanso, wotsukidwa ndi madzi, wofinyizidwira pang'ono ndikumizidwa mumchenga. Ndikofunikira kuti mchenga usume.
- Kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa Febere, bokosi la mchenga ndi mbewu zidayikidwa mu chisanu.
- Pambuyo pa miyezi iwiri, bokosilo limasamutsidwa kupita kuchipinda ndi kutentha kwa 10-12zaC ndikusiya kwa masabata 3-4.
- Mbeu zosakhidwa zibzalidwe panthaka yachonde, yobzalira kutentha mpaka masamba awiri kapena atatu owona, kenako nkuziika pamalo poyera.
Actinidia wobzala kuchokera ku mbewu amakhala wolimba, koma amabala zipatso pambuyo pake mbande zomwe zimapezeka ndi masamba, chaka chachisanu ndi chimodzi mpaka chachisanu ndi chiwiri.
Actinidia kumuika kumalo atsopano
Poika actinidia, ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti sizingatheke kuvulaza panthawi yogwira kutulutsa, imatha kufa. Chifukwa chake, ndibwino kuti ndikusintha mbande zazing'ono mpaka zaka zitatu kapena kumayambiriro kwa masika, masamba asanatseguke, kapena kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira. Zothandizira kwa Actinidia ndibwino kukhazikitsa pasadakhale kuti musavulaze mizu yomwe ikupezeka kumene.
Kusamalira Actinidia, ndikofunikira kuti musangodzala kokha panthaka yachonde, yokhazikika komanso kuthilira madzi, komanso ndikuwonetsetsa kuti pamakhala chinyezi chokwanira, kupewa masamba.
Actinidia pamakonzedwe ake - chokongoletsera chenicheni cha dimba
Ndemanga zamaluwa
Okondedwa! Okalamba achikulire a actinidia amakula mnyumba yathu - ali ndi zaka 20, osachepera: mitengo ikuluikulu kale ngati mitengo. Sipanakhalepo kukula kwatsopano pafupi ndi iwo. Mwachidule, tidayika gazebo pafupi nawo, koma enanso amakula mpaka mbali. Ndikofunika kuziwonjezera pansi pa doko. Chapakatikati, pamene actinidia adadulidwa, idatuluka ndi timadziti, monga ngati wapampopi. Ndikumvetsetsa kuti mbewu mwina ili ndi malamulo ake oyendayenda. Ndani akudziwa, ndiuzeni: 1) Ndi liti pamene ndiyofunika kuiika - mchaka, kumapeto, mwezi uti wabwino koposa uwu? Okutobala, i.e. Tsopano, zoyenera? 2) Mizu yake idamera mobala bwino kwambiri. Kodi ndizotheka kuwadula mpaka muyeso? Kodi chuma chathu sichitha pambuyo pake? 3) Kodi mungapangire bwanji chatsopano chobzala kwa iwo, ndiye kuti amafalitsa? Timakonda kwambiri actinidia ndipo mwina ndikanaganiza zosewera mwamtendere ndi upangiri wanu. Zikomo patsogolo panu pa thandizo lanu!
Geys, chigawo cha Boguslavsky//kievgarden.org.ua/viewtopic.php?p=170831
Ndinkafuna kuyankha kale, koma sindinalole dimba Intaneti ... Zikuwonekeranso kuti palibe njira yosinthira mtengo wa mpesa wachikulire, ndikufunika njira yapadera yokumba mizu yambiri momwe ndingathere, sizingatheke. Ndilinso ndi zokwawa zakale ngati mitengo ndipo sindingathe kulingalira momwe mungazitsitsire - mudzawononga chilichonse nthawi imodzi. Ndipo zokhudzana ndi kubereka - ndipo mutha kukumba mphukira, ndikofunikira kuti pakangoyala khungwalo pang'ono, komwe kukhudza pansi, ndikosavuta kuyamba kukula mizu. Ndipo ndikuganiziranso kuti kugwa kwotsatira sikudzakhala chilichonse choti chizingoyang'ana poyang'ana mizu. Zabwino kwambiri, zobiriwira zodula. Atsikana adapaka utoto kale zonse - zinthu zazifupi, amatenga zidutswa m'chilimwe, makamaka mu June - ino ndiye nthawi yabwino kwambiri yoberekera. Ndipo ngati kudula kwa maluwa ndikudziwa, ndiye kuti palibe mavuto konse, zonse zimachitika chimodzimodzi. Mphukira zingapo pansi, ndi masamba angapo, ndikofunikira kudula masamba pakati kuti muchepetse evapition, pamwamba. ndi kuyikamo malo ochepa ndikuphimba ndi mtsuko. Iwo lili mini-wowonjezera kutentha. Chaka chotsatira, mutha kutsegula pang'onopang'ono ndikuwulutsa, zabwino zonse!
Nikusia, Kiev//kievgarden.org.ua/viewtopic.php?p=170831
Vuto lalikulu kwambiri la Actinidia ndi kuzizira. Ndizomveka kuphimba kuchokera kumtunda ndi Latrusil osachepera kalasi 42. Bwino kwambiri, osati kumamatirira nthambi. Chaka chino ndinaphimba mapeyala, ndiye ndidye. Koma actinidia analibe zokwanira. Sanayembekezere kuzizira koteroko. Ngakhale ndimadziwa kale mu Epulo 100% kuti ikhoza kukhala ozizira Meyi. Achipinidia anga nthawi zonse amakonzedwa, ali ndi zaka 35, ndipo kutalika sikupitilira mita 2.5 kutalika. Kuchokera pamipesa ina ndimatola zipatso za 12 kg. Tsopano mutapeza zotsatsa zambiri zamagetsi za Actinidia, mitundu ya Isaii. Ndiphimbira limodzi ndi mabulosi abata osakhala ngati spiky ndikuwatsitsa, imabala zipatso chaka chamawa mutabzala. Ndikutsimikizira kuti yatulutsa maluwa kale, koma kunalibe zipatso chifukwa nyengo yozizira kwambiri. Mutha kupaka mungu. Koma anali wocheperako.
stefan, Novopolotsk, Belarus//forum.prihoz.ru/viewtopic.php?t=2182&start=30
Olesya! Zikuwoneka kuti mukufunika kukula ngati Actinidia Giraldi ku Montreal, ndilokulirapo kuposa colomicta, yaying'ono kuposa kiwi. Kapena ndikulakwitsa? Ponena za mitundu, ndiye kuti simukulakwitsa. Ndiye, mwina, panali kusunganso mbewu ndi kusankhira mbande zabwino koposa, zomwe zinalandira mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana. Pafupifupi mitundu yonse ya Actinidia adapezeka ku MoVIR E.I. Soseji. Kubwerera kuthengo. Simungaganizire kuchuluka komwe mayiyu adapita. Mwa njira, kusankhidwa sikunali kokha mwachilengedwe, komanso madera omwe alimi. Ndimakondabe kuswana ku Kiev Botanical Garden ndi Far East.Zomwe zimakusangalatsani mukufalitsa mbewu: izi zokha? Dzuwa! Palibe mitundu yodzipukutira tokha, koma muyenera kugula mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mankhwala opezeka ku Mikhnevo, komwe kuli MOVIR, tsopano nzoona kuti ikumvera Institute of Gardening.
Tamara Yudina, Moscow//dacha.wcb.ru/index.php?showtopic=10182
Zithunzi zabwino za Actinidia zimakuta nyumba yadzikoli. Zipatso zokhala ngati zonunkhira komanso zonunkhira zimapanga mitundu yosiyanasiyana yazakudya ndikuziwonjezera ndi mavitamini ambiri. Actinidia ndi chomera chomwe chimawoneka mokongola kwa ma aesthetes, ma gourmet ndipo akungofuna kudya mwatsopano, mavitamini ambiri, ndipo koposa zonse, osakhala ndi zipatso.
