Thunbergia ndi yamtengo wapatali chifukwa cha maluwa okongola, omwe angakhale amitundu yosiyanasiyana, komanso chifukwa cha chilengedwe chake. Zingatheke kuti zizikwawa pansi, zimapachikidwa miphika kuti zikhale pansi pamphuno zokoma, kapena zilole pambali. Komabe, pofuna kutsegula pansi, pamafunika kuika chaka ndi chaka.
Makhalidwe abwino kuti mukule tunbergia m'nyumba
Kulima kulimbika kwambiri kwa tunbergia kunyumba. Amalimidwa ngati chomera chosatha chomwe sichifuna kusamala mosamala kwambiri.
Malo ndi kuunikira
Kusankha kukula chomera chomwecho panyumba, chonde onani kuti kuwala kumakondweretsa kwambiri. Choncho, kwaulere kwawindo lowala kwambiri ndi lowala kwambiri likuchokera kumbali yakumwera chakum'mawa kapena kumadzulo. Ndi mdima wambiri kumpoto, kotero kuunikira kumafunika. Ngati mwasankha kuyika mazenera pawindo lakumwera, m'chilimwe nthawi yotentha kwambiri (kuyambira 12 mpaka 16 maola) adzafunikira mthunzi. Komanso, kuwala kwa dzuŵa sikuli koopsa pa chomera ngati kutenthedwa kwakukulu kwambiri. Mu pritenennyh malo zomera zimamva kuti sizimasuka ndipo sizikhoza pachimake. 
Mukudziwa? Tunbergia ili ndi masamba ovunda kapena a mtima ndi pubescence, yomwe imatha kufika masentimita 10 m'litali. Nthawi zina pamakhala masamba a masamba. Maluwawo ndi ofanana ndi mapepala, omwe amakhala aakulu mamita 4. Monga momwe amachitira, amakhala okhaokha pamtunda wautali. Zikhoza kukhala zofiirira, malalanje, zachikasu, magenta, zofiira, violet, buluu, zamoto, zoyera, zofiira. Zina mwa mitunduyi ndi zonunkhira kwambiri. Maluwa amaonekera mu Julayi, ndipo omaliza a iwo akugwa mu September. Pakatikati pake, chomeracho ndi chosatha, koma nyengo yathu imakhala yoipa kuthengo, choncho imakula ngati chaka.
Kutentha: nyengo yozizira-yozizira
Kuti chitukuko chikhale chonchi ndi kukula, chomera chimafuna kutentha kwa pafupifupi 20-24 ° C. M'chilimwe, nyengo yotentha, poyang'ana kutentha kotereku, tunbergia imapanga maluwa okongola ndi okoma. Ngati wakula ngati chomera chosatha, ndiye m'nyengo yozizira, tchire liyenera kuikidwa m'malo ozizira. Kutentha kwakukulu kwa tunbergia pakati pa mwezi wa October ndi February ndi 10-13 ° C.
Kusamalira kwathunthu tubergia kunyumba
Atatsimikiza malo oyenera a chomera, ayenera kusamalira bwino. Pokhapokha ngati izi zikukondweretsani inu ndi maluwa okongola. Kusamalira bwino kumaphatikizapo kutsirira kwa nthawi yake ndi kokwanira, kuthirira feteleza ndi kumasula nthaka. 
Ndikofunikira! M'chilengedwe, zomera zimatha kufika mamita 6 m'litali. Kunyumba, imatha kufika mamita 2.5, koma kutalika kwake kumafuna kuthandizidwa. Mwachitsanzo, pa khonde mukhoza kugwira khoka la nsomba, lomwe chomeracho chidzaphimba ndi chobiriwira chobiriwira. Mungagwiritsenso ntchito mapepala apamwamba a pulasitiki, otambasula tine. Koma mungathe kupachika miphika ndikupatsani mipesa momasuka.
Kuthirira: chilimwe-chisanu
Kuthirira mbewu sayenera kuyambitsa mavuto. Sungani nthaka mopanda malire, osati kusefukira, kuti musayambe mizu. Ndikofunika kuti nthaka mkati mwa mphika nthawi zonse imasungunuka, koma ili ndi nthawi yowuma pamwamba. Pa nthawi ya maluwa, komanso panthawi youma, kuwonjezeka kwa madzi.
M'nyengo yotentha ndi yoyenera kupopera timberbergia. Ndikofunika kuchita izi madzulo, mwinamwake chomera chidzayamba kutha. Kawirikawiri kuthirira kumatsatira lamulo: M'nyengo yozizira, nthaka iyenera kukhala yothira nthawi zonse, ndipo nyengo yozizira iuma, koma siuma. Mwachitsanzo, pa kutentha kwa pafupifupi 10 ° C, ndikwanira kuthirira tunbergia kamodzi kapena kawiri pamwezi.
Kutentha kwa mpweya
Popanda chinyezi, maluwa a tunbergia amagwa, choncho ndikofunika kuyang'anitsitsa nthawi zonse zachilengedwe, makamaka nyengo yotentha. Chomera chabwino kwambiri chimayankha kupopera mbewu. M'chilimwe, njirayi ikhoza kuchitidwa kamodzi kapena kawiri pa sabata. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, madzi adzasambitsa fumbi kuchokera ku chomera, lidzakhala ndi zotsatira zotsutsana ndi tizirombo zosiyanasiyana. Choncho, nthaka mu mphika iyenera kuphimbidwa kuti iteteze spores wa bowa kapena tizilombo mazira kuti tigweremo.
Kupaka pamwamba
Pakati pa nyengo, kuthirira kumapangidwe ndi kuvala pamwamba, kenako kumveka kaye kamodzi pa mwezi. M'chaka ndi chilimwe, mwezi uliwonse chomeracho chiyenera kulandira madzi ozizira feteleza, koma mopanda malire. Komanso, muyeso uyenera kutsatiridwa pogwiritsira ntchito feteleza wa nitrogenous. Ngati tunbergia siili pachimake, koma nthawi yomweyo imakhala yobiriwira, vuto liri mu feteleza wambiri la nayitrogeni.
Komanso m'nyengo ya chilimwe, chilimbikitseni kudyetsa chomera milungu iwiri iliyonse ndi fetereza zamadzimadzi kuti mukhale ndi zomera zokongola.
Kudulira
Kuchokera pakati pa chilimwe mpaka September, Tunbergia ikufalikira, koma mutatha kutenga zithunzi za maluwa onse owuma. Ngati chomeracho chichotsedwa pamsewu, kubwerera kunyumba pambuyo pa maluwa onse amafunika kuchotsedwa. Onetsetsani kuti masamba otsalawo adatsalira pa zipatso zowonongeka. Kuchokera kwa iwo m'chaka chidzakula mphukira zatsopano. Musaiwale kuti mugwiritse ntchito magawowo ndi yankho la manganese kapena yowonjezera mpweya. Nyengo yozizira yonseyo imathiranso madzi, koma pang'ono.
Ndikofunikira! Ngakhale kuti chomeracho chimakhala chabwino m'nyumba muno ngakhale m'nyengo yachilimwe, ndi bwino kutumiza kunja kunja kutentha: pa khonde kapena pansi pa okhetsedwa kuchokera kumbali ya leward. M'nyengo yozizira, chomeracho chimafuna kwambiri nyengo yabwino.
Monga mukuonera, tunbergia ikhoza kukula monga chomera chosatha. Koma akatswiri ambiri amalimbikitsanso kuti chaka chilichonse aponyedwe kunja. Pokhala ndi chidziwitso chochulukira, ndiyeno nyengo yozizira, chomeracho chatha kwambiri ndipo m'chaka chachiwiri sichingakhale chowopsa komanso chowala kwambiri. Popeza imakula mosavuta kuchokera ku mbewu kapena cuttings, sizingakhale zomveka kuika pangozi.
Kuzengereza ndi nthaka
Maonekedwe a nthaka ya tunbergia ayenera kukhala a thanzi, osalowerera ndale, okonzeka bwino. Mukafika pamtunda, ndikulimbikitsidwa kukumba deralo ndi laimu pasadakhale. Kubzala mu mphika, madzi akuyikidwa pansi, ndipo nthaka yomwe imakhala ikugwedezeka kuchokera pamwamba: gawo la mchenga, gawo la humus ndi magawo atatu a nthaka ya dothi. Phika sayenera kukhala yochuluka kwambiri. Nthaka iyenera kuyamwa chinyezi bwino ndi kuipatsanso bwino. Choncho, tikulimbikitsidwa kuwonjezera makungwa a pine ndi konati pansi pa nthaka (kwa theka la chidebe cha nthaka).
Mukamabzala tunbergia panja, onetsetsani kuti mtunda wa pakati pa tchire umasungidwa pafupifupi 30-45 cm. Konzani zothandizira zomwe zomerazo zidzayendetsedwe. Kapena ganizirani njira yomwe imagwirira ntchito pansi. Liana imaphukira pafupifupi masiku zana limodzi itatha kutsekemera ngati ikakula kuchokera ku mbewu. Kusinthanitsa kumachitika kumapeto kwa nyengo kutentha kunja.
Njira zoberekera
Chomeracho chimachulukana m'njira ziwiri - cuttings ndi mbewu. Aliyense wa iwo ali ndi ubwino wake ndi zochitika zake.
Cuttings
Kudula Tunbergia gwiritsani mozungulira pakati pa mwezi wa August. Zidutswa zimadulidwa mpaka kutalika kwa masentimita 10. Zigawo zomwe zimadulidwa zimayambitsidwa ndi phytohormones, ndiyeno kumizidwa mu mphika ndi nthaka yochepa. Nthaka iyenera kukhala yopangidwa ndi dongo komanso mchenga. Mphika uli wokutidwa mu thumba la pulasitiki ndipo umakhala wotentha pafupifupi 20-22 ° C. M'nyengo yozizira imayikidwa muzizirazi - za 10-12 ° C.
Mbewu
Kukula tunbergia kuchokera ku mbeu, ndikofunika kuti muzisonkhanitse nthawi. Pambuyo maluwa, mmalo mwa inflorescences musakhalebe mabokosi a zipatso, omwe ayenera kusonkhanitsidwa asanatuluke ndipo zomwe zikugwera zikugwa pansi. Mutatha kusonkhanitsa, kutsegula mabokosi, mbewu zimatsanulidwa pa pepala ndi zouma. Ayeneranso kusungidwa mu pepala kapena makatoni kwa zaka zoposa ziwiri. Patapita nthawi, amasiya kumera.
Mukudziwa? Tunbergia ndi chomera cha mtundu wa Acanthaceae flower family. Dzinali limachokera ku dzina lachibadwidwe la katswiri wa zachilengedwe wa Sweden Karl Peter Thunberg. Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana yokwana 200, yomwe ili ndi zomera zamkati ndi zamaluwa. Ku Ulaya, amachedwa "Susanna wamaso akuda" chifukwa cha mdima wofiirira.
Kufesa kumachitika mu February-March. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kuti tichite izi poyera, monga chomera ndi thermophilic. Choncho mbeu zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mbande. Musanafese, mbewu ziyenera kuchitidwa ndi "Fumar" kapena "Appin", ndipo zimatsanulira m'mitsuko yodzaza ndi nthaka yonyowa. Chiyenera kukhala ndi chisakanizo cha humus, mchenga ndi nthaka yofiira mofanana. Mbewu pamwamba pang'onopang'ono owazidwa ndi dziko lapansi ndikukhazikika bwino. Pamwamba, mphika uli ndi magalasi kapena mafilimu owonetsetsa ndipo amaikidwa pawindo lowala kwambiri, pomwe dzuwa silingagwe.
Pakati pa mbeu kumera, nthaka iyenera kukhala yosalala nthawi zonse. Kutentha kwake kumakhala pafupifupi 22-24 ºC. Ngati zonsezi zatha, mphukira yoyamba idzaonekera mkati mwa sabata. Mukawoneka, mukhoza kuchotsa pogona.
Ngati nyemba zimakula bwino, zimatha kuchepetsedwa, zimasiya mphukira zamphamvu kwambiri, komanso zowonjezereka zimaphuka. Pamene mphukira ziri kutalika kwa 12-15 masentimita, ziyenera kutsinidwa. Ndiye chomeracho chidzakhala chitsamba ndikukula wandiweyani chivundikiro. Chifukwa chaichi, mbewu zimadyetsedwa ndi feteleza. Iyenera kuchitidwa kuchokera pakanthawi kowumitsa. Koma ngati kuli kofunika kwa inu maluwa ambiri, feteleza oterewa ayenera kusiya.
Ngati palibe chilakolako chothamanga chomeracho, n'zotheka kufesa tubergia mu makapu a peat ndi mbeu zitatu.
Tizilombo ndi matenda, momwe tingachitire ndi iwo
Chofala kwambiri cha tizilombo ndizo tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, whitefly ndi scythe. Kumenyana pang'ono pa iye aphid Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timatha kuwasunga: "Aktellik", "Fitoverm". Tunbergiya amawakonza maulendo anayi ndi kupuma kwa mlungu ndi theka. Ngati simukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala, mukhoza kuyesa sopo, koma sikuti nthawi zonse zimapereka zotsatira.
Mwa matenda pa chomera amapezeka nkhungu pa zimayambira ndi masamba. Zikuwoneka, monga lamulo, chifukwa cha kuthirira mochuluka. Matenda a fungal amachitikanso. Pachifukwa ichi, mwapang'onopang'ono akuwombera ndi kuchitidwa ndi mpeni kapena lumo nkuchotsa mphukira zakuwonongeka kapena kusiya, ndipo magawo omwe amadulidwa amachizidwa ndi makala otsekedwa kapena ayodini. Pambuyo pake, chomeracho chiyenera kuchiritsidwa ndi fungicide iliyonse.
Tunbergia ndi chomera chokongola chokwera chokongoletsera onse munda ndi nyumba, khonde, loggia. Zakulirakulira, sizikusowa kusamalira mosamalitsa. Koma ndi malo abwino, kuthirira ndi kuvala kumapatsa maluwa okongola komanso okongola.
