Orchids ndi imodzi mwa maluwa omwe amawonekera kwambiri kumayiko ena. Maluwa okongola awa amalingaliridwa kuti ndi amodzi mwa zinthu zovuta kwambiri pamoyo ndi zovuta kwambiri pa chisamaliro.
Mmodzi mwa mitundu yambiri ya orchid ndi VELOGIN Orchid, yomwe ili ndi mawonekedwe okongoletsera kwambiri: maluwa ang'onoang'ono amakhala okonzeka kuyenda patali. Tselogina amamasula mu zoyera.
Tidzakambirana za zofunikira za ma-orchids, komanso malamulo a kusamalira maluwa kunyumba, m'nkhaniyi.
Celogin Orchid ndi mitundu yake
Celogina Orchid ndi woyimira banja lalikulu la Orchid (Orchidaceae), lomwe liri ndi mitundu yoposa 120 mu zida zake. Kawirikawiri, mitundu imeneyi imapezeka kumadera akum'mwera kwa Asia, m'nkhalango zamvula zaku India.
Mukudziwa? Mitundu imeneyi ili ndi mbali inayake: Pali phokoso pambali ya maluwa, ndipo ndi khalidwe ili limene linabweretsa duwa dzina lochokera ku "Koilos" (Chilatini), lomwe limatanthauza "dzenje".
Tselogin ili ndi mitundu yake yokha, yomwe imasiyanasiyana, koma chizoloŵezi chofanana cha zonse ndi kukula kwachilendo, komanso kukhalapo kwa pseudobulb, yomwe ili yosalala mu kapangidwe ndipo ndi maziko a peduncles.
Kunyumba, nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito mitundu ingapo:
- Tselogin Massange (Coelogyne massangeana) - mitundu yomwe ili ndi zingapo zingapo zomwe zimatha kuphuka kangapo pachaka. Maluwa a mitundu iyi ndi aakulu kwambiri, akhoza kufika masentimita asanu ndi awiri, ndipo maluwa okwana 20 akhoza kukhala pamtunda umodzi. Masamba a mitundu iyi ali m'malo aakulu, petiolate. Maonekedwe a masamba ndi ovoid. Tselogina Massange sizinatchulidwe kuti ndi zonunkhira zokoma;
- nkhono ya cellogin (Coelogyne cristata) - yotchedwa orchid yotchedwa Cristat. Mkhalidwe wachilengedwe wa kukula kwa chisa hypogeas ndi mapiri aakulu a Himalaya, kumene duwa limakula pafupi ndi nthanda. Chifukwa cha chikhalidwe cha moyo, Kristat amasankha malo ozizira kuti akhalemo. Mitunduyi imadziwika ndi maluŵa akuluakulu omwe amakula mpaka masentimita 10 ndipo amakhala pa awiri kapena atatu pamtundu wa masamba awiri akuluakulu. Mitundu imeneyi ndi yamtengo wapatali kwambiri wa duwa: katatu, lobe asanu, "scallops";
- Tselogin fringed (Coelogyne fimbriata) - mitundu yomwe imapezeka m'madera akumwera a China, India, Thailand ndi Vietnam. Mitundu imeneyi imakhala yotentha kwambiri. Masamba awiri amakula kuchokera ku pseudobulb, ndipo pa peduncles pali maluwa atatu a kukula kwake kakang'ono - masentimita atatu okha. Maluwawo ndi achikasu ndi mtundu wobiriwira wamtundu komanso mtundu wokongola wa bulauni pamlomo wapansi. Orchid imamasula mochedwa - kumapeto kwa August, ndipo imamasula mpaka October;
- Tselogin wokongola (Coelogyne speciosa) - malingaliro omwe anabwera kuchokera ku zisumbu za Java ndi Sumatra. Mbali yapadera ya mtundu uwu ndi kukhalapo kwa tsamba limodzi lokha ndipang'ono pomwe peduncles. Pa mapesi a maluwa amalima maluwa 1-3 a mtundu wobiriwira ndi mthunzi wachikasu. Mlomo wofiira wofiira umakongoletsedwa ndi madontho oyera ndi mitsempha yofiira.
Mitundu iyi imaonedwa kuti ndi yopanda ulemu komanso yabwino kwa kukula kwa amateur florist kunyumba. Tidzakambirana zambiri za momwe tingasamalire namwali wa namwali ndi momwe tingabzalidwe.
Zomwe zimabzala orchids
Musanayambe momwe mungabzalitsire orchid, timalingalira momwe zingakhalire zabwino komanso zimakula.
Zomwe zimakhala bwino pa kukula kwachangu
Ndi bwino kukula maluwa molingana ndi mtundu ndi nyengo: mwachitsanzo, kutentha kwa 20-25 ° C mu chilimwe ndi koyenera mitundu yonse ya orchid, koma m'nyengo yozizira ndi bwino kuchepetsa kutentha kwa 10 ° C.
Ndikofunikira! Ngati mukukula chisa cha mtengo wa coel, ndiye kuti kutentha kwakukulu kwa nyengo yozizira idzakhala +5 ° С.Ponena za kuyatsa, ndi bwino kuika fresco kumadzulo akumadzulo kapena kumadzulo. Orchid imafuna chaka chonse, kuwala kowala bwino.
Ngati zinachitika kuti dzuŵa liwonekere pamaluwa a orchid, mudzafunika shading, koma popeza mulibe kuwala m'nyengo yozizira, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito kuunikira kwina kuti apange mpweya wabwino.
Kuti mbeuyo ikhale yathanzi ndi kukula bwino, nkofunikanso kusunga nthawi yopumula, ngakhale kuti mitundu ina ya cellogin ilibe.
Mwachitsanzo, cellogin yamphongo ndi cellogin safuna mpumulo, koma chombo chotchedwa celogin chimachotsa masabata omaliza a masika ndi "kugona" pafupi masabata atatu.
Mmene mungabzalitse duwa
Okulitsa akukula bwino maluwa okometsera kuti agwire pazenera zawo ndi kudzala chomera pawokha. Pangani icho mophweka, chinthu chachikulu - kuti muchite chirichonse molondola.
Mofanana ndi mbeu iliyonse, m'pofunika kuyika madzi mumphika (miyala kapena ngakhale bajeti - yosweka shards).
Sungani gawo lapansi, zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito: nyemba yamdima (magawo 4) ndi kutsuka mchenga wa mtsinje (gawo limodzi), kapena mungagwiritse ntchito dothi lapadera la orchids.
Mu
Ndikofunika kudzala chomera m'njira yomwe imakhala pamtunda ndipo nthawi yomweyo imakhazikika pansi. Kuchokera pamwamba, chobzala chophimba chikhoza kuphimbidwa ndi moss kuti maluwawo asadwale chifukwa cha kusintha kwa chinyezi ndi kutentha kwa mpweya.
Monga momwe mukuonera, njira yobzala ndi yosavuta, koma zonse ziyenera kuchitidwa momveka bwino komanso momveka bwino, ndiyeno chomera chanu chidzakondweretsani ndi maonekedwe ake abwino.
Celogin Orchid: Chisamaliro
Kuti chomeracho chikhale chokongoletsera nyumba yanu kwa zaka zambiri, muyenera kuchiyang'anira, osayiwala za kuthirira, kudyetsa ndi kukulitsa duwa.
Momwe mungamwetse maluwa
Kusamalira maluwa a orchid makamaka kumakhala ndi kuthirira bwino maluwa. Kwa kuthirira ndi bwino kusankha madzi ofunda, otsika.
Nthawi zambiri kuthirira kumadalira nthawi ya moyo wa orchid: Panthawi ya kukula kwambiri ndi maluwa, orchid idzafuna madzi ambiri - kanayi pa sabata, pamene panthawi yonse yomwe madzi okwanira pa sabata adzakwanira.
Mukudziwa? Ndi bwino kuthirira maluwawo, kutsika mphika mu chidebe cha madzi kwa mphindi zingapo.
Kuti maluwa azisangalala, kutentha kwa madzi kwa ulimi wothirira ayenera kukhala madigiri 5-8 kuposa firiji.Pali ma orchid omwe ali ndi mapesi a maluwa amawonekera nthawi imodzimodzimodzi monga chiyambi cha kukula - muzochitika zotero, kuthirira sikungachepetse patatha maluwa.
Kuti mupereke chinyezi chowonjezereka m'nyengo yozizira, orchid imatulutsidwa kawiri patsiku, kapena mukhoza kuika mphika pamphete wodzala ndi dongo lonyowa.
Kodi kudyetsa chomera
Orchid imafuna kudya nthawi zambiri. Manyowa omwe amawathandiza kwambiri amamera feteleza pa nthawi yokula - kamodzi pa sabata, pogwiritsa ntchito feteleza okonzedwa bwino, koma panthawi ya maluwa padzakhala chakudya chokwanira kamodzi pamwezi. Mukhozanso kupanga mapepala ena owonjezera pa pepala.
Mukudziwa? Malingaliro omwe amangokhala okonzeka kupanga feteleza a orchids angagwiritsidwe ntchito kudyetsa orchid ndi nthano. Nyengo yokula ikufika kumapeto, orchid imadyetsedwa ndi kukonza potaziyamu.
Pofuna kudyetsa bwino, m'pofunikira kuti mumvetse bwino momwe kukula kwa fetereza ikugwiritsidwira ntchito, chifukwa ngati mutapitirira, orchid ikhoza kudwala.
Mukafuna kuyala maluwa komanso momwe mungachitire
Maluwa a orchid ndi duwa lovuta "kusunthira" kuchokera kumalo osiyanasiyana. Pali zifukwa zikuluzikulu ziwiri zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chomera chitheke. zowonjezera mizundipo yachiwiri ndi malo osokonezeka omwe mizu imayamba kuvunda.
Nthawi yabwino yoika m'munda idzakhala yotentha-chilimwe, panthawi ino mphukira zatsopano zimapanga maluwa. Pakumera, m'pofunikira kufufuza bwino mbeu kuti iwonongeke, ndipo ngati pali mizu ya matenda, iyenera kuchotsedwa, ndipo mfundo yocheka iyenera kuikidwa ndi zobiriwira zobiriwira.
Chomera chokonzekera chabzala mumphika wokonzeka womwe uli waukulu kuposa mizu, ndipo pang'ono imakhala yonyowa.
Ndikofunikira! Musayesetse kukwaniritsa mapulani a orchid mwamsanga mutatha kuika - izi sizikhoza kuchitika, chifukwa chomeracho chiyenera kusinthidwa ndi zinthu zatsopano.
Kuberekera kwa orchid ya tselogin
Pafupifupi aliyense amene amalima orchid amapatsa duwa pakhomo. Njira yotchuka kwambiri yobereketsa ndiyo kugawanika kwa akulu akulu. Izi ndizovuta, koma osati zovuta.
Gwiritsani ntchito chida chowongolera. Ndikofunika kugawa tchire kotero kuti pa delenka paliponse pseudobulbs yakale komanso yatsopano ndi mizu yopangidwa bwino.
Zigawo zonse zimayenera kukonza utoto wobiriwira kuti uwone mankhwala. Anabzala delenki mu okonzeka nthaka ndi pang'ono moisturize, ndiye kuthirira zimadalira mlingo wa chitukuko cha rhizomes. Ndi bwino kukonza delenka iliyonse ndi waya pansi.
Mukudziwa? Ngati orchid yanu ili yodziwika bwino, imafalitsidwa ndi kudula gawo laling'ono pamwamba pa tsinde lomwe lili ndi petioles.
Ngati mutasamalira bwino mbewu yatsopano, ndiye kuti mutha kukula mizu ndi kukula bwino nyengo yoyamba.
Ponena za kufalikira kwa orchid ndi njira ya mbeundiye njira iyi ndi yayitali komanso yovuta kwambiri. Mbeu za orchid ndizochepa kwambiri. Amafuna kuperewera ndi njira ya calcium hypochlorite.
Ndibwino kwambiri kuti tiyambe kuyendetsa sitimayi, izi ziwononge tizilombo tonse, zomwe zimakhudza kwambiri kuti mbeu imere bwino. Ndi bwino kubzala mbewu mu mulingo wa zakudya mu botolo.
Mgwirizano wamcherewu ndi wokonzedwa motere: 10-15 g ya agar-agar imasakanizidwa ndi 10 g wa shuga ndi fructose, zigawo zikuluzikuluzi zimasungunuka mu 1 l madzi ndipo zimatsanulira m'mabotolo. A chemical pipette amasonkhanitsa mbewu ndi zomera mu sing'anga.
Kuti mbewu zizitha kumera, ziyenera kuikidwa m'madera otentha (kutentha osachepera 25 ° C) ndi malo okonza bwino ndikuyika wowonjezera kutentha pamwamba pa thanki.
Pamene mphukira yoyamba ifika pamtunda wa 5-7 masentimita, iyenera kuponyedwa ndi kusamutsidwa ku mphika wosiyana.
Kusankha kumaphatikizapo kutsuka chomera. Madzi ochuluka amatsanulira mu thanki ndipo mbande imasiyanitsidwa ndi misa yaikulu mu kuyenda kozungulira.
Kenaka, mwapang'onopang'ono muzigwira mphukira ndi burashi ndikubzala pansi, yomwe iyenera kukhala ndi gawo labwino la michere ndi ngalande.
Pamene mukukula mphukira, m'pofunika kuti mukhale ndi chinyezi chabwino (kuwala kwa maola 12-14). Orchid idzafika zaka zowonjezereka patapita zaka zitatu, koma idzaphuka, mosamala, zaka 4-5 mutabzala.
Matenda aakulu a maluwa ndi tizirombo
Orchid sizowopsya, koma nthawi zambiri zimayambidwa ndi kangaude ndi aphid, zomwe zimayambitsidwa mosavuta ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Mankhwala a anthu, monga kuwaza ndi madzi a sopo, amathandiza polimbana ndi tizirombo. Ngati mwazindikira kale kuti maluwa anu akugwedezeka ndi nsabwe za m'masamba, nkofunika kuti muzitha kuwona masamba a maluwa ndi mowa.
Ndikofunikira! Ndikofunika kuchotsa masamba onse osagwa ndi mphika, chifukwa ndizo zomwe zimatulutsa tizirombo ndi matenda ambiri.
Kawirikawiri, Celogin Orchid imadziwika ndi matenda a fungus, zomwe zimakhala mawanga pa masamba, kusintha kwa mtundu wa babu, kuvunda kwa mizu. Kulimbana ndi matenda amenewa ndibwino kwambiri ku fungicides.Kukula orchid m'nyumba mwanu kuli kovuta, koma khama lanu lomwe mumayika lidzabweretsa zotsatira: Mudzalandira maluwa okongola ndi zonunkhira bwino.
