Kukongoletsa kosatha kwamtunduwu ndi wa banja la asters kapena Asteraceae. Dzina lachiwiri la chomera cha ligular limaperekedwa kuchokera ku lat. ligula ("lilime") - chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ofika maluwa.
Madambo a Central, East ndi Southeast Asia adakhala malo achilengedwe amitundu yambiri ya buzulniks; amamera kumpoto kwa Asia ndi Europe. Siberian buzulnik (Ligularia sibirica) ndiofala mwachilengedwe.
Nthanga zam'mera zimamera bwino m'mphepete mwa madzi, nkhalango zam'mapiri, momwe malo achinyontho ndi okwanira kukula bwino.
Kufotokozera
Mtengowo umakhala ndi rosette yoyambira masamba akulu pamtunda wautali wolimba. M'mawonekedwe amafanana ndi mtima wosema wopindika. Mtundu wamasamba amachokera ku wobiriwira wakuda, utoto wonyezimira mpaka bulauni. Madontho awiri amatha kuchitika: mbali yakumunsi ndi yofiirira, mbali yakumtunda ndi yobiriwira ndi kamvekedwe kofiirira. Mutha kuonanso tchire loterali, pomwe thunthu ndi masamba a masamba zimapaka utoto wamtundu, ndipo china chilichonse chimakhalabe chobiriwira. Kukula kwa pepalalo kumakhala 60 cm.
Maluwa a Buzulnik amawoneka ngati dengu lomwe limakhala ndi maluwa amkati ndi mabango. Kukula kwawo kumatha kutalika mpaka 10 cm. Limamasula pang'onopang'ono, kuyambira pansi kupita pamwamba motsatira inflorescence, yomwe imayimilidwa ndi burashi, nthambo kapena mantha.
Maluwa ali ndi mithunzi yambiri kuchokera ku chikasu chautoto mpaka lalanje. Nthawi zina, maluwa owongolera omwe amakhala oyera kapena ofiira amapezeka. Ziweto zamtchire ndizitali, zimatha kufikira mamita 2. Kufalikira kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya buzulnik kumayamba mu Juni ndikutha mu Okutobala. Ligularia ndi chomera chabwino kwambiri cha uchi. Zipatso z kucha ndi mawonekedwe a mbewu yokhala ndi crest.
M'dziko lathu, mitundu iwiri ndiodziwika bwino - zida za Buzulik (Ligularia dentata) ndi Przhevalsky (Ligularia przewalskii).
Mitundu ndi mitundu ya Buzulnik yokhala ndi zithunzi ndi mayina: Przhevalsky, zida ndi ena
Mitundu yonse ndi mitundu ya ligularia yomwe imapezeka padziko lapansi imakhala yokongola kwambiri ndi masamba amitundu yosiyanasiyana.
| Onani | Kufotokozera | Kutalika (m.) | Masamba | Zosiyanasiyana |
| Przewalski (Ligularia przewalskii) | Masamba achikasu amapanga kandulo wa inflorescence 40-50 cm. | 1,5-2. | Kuzungulira, mthunzi wobiriwira wakuda, m'mimba mwake 30-35 cm. | Rocket. Ma inflorescence agolide amawululidwa kuyambira pakati pa Julayi mpaka kumapeto kwa Ogasiti. Masamba amasintha mtundu wake wobiriwira kukhala wofiirira nthawi yachilimwe. |
| Tsamba lamapulo. Dongosolo lakuya masentimita 25. Msinkhu 1.7 m. | ||||
| Chovala (Ligularia dentata) | Maluwa kuchokera kutuwa lofiirira mpaka taso wachikaso. Kuuma kwabasi nyengo yachisanu, wokutira bwino. Imakonda kukulira mumthunzi. | 1. | Kofi wobiriwira-khofi, wokhala ndi mawonekedwe am'mphepete m'mphepete, 30 cm cm. | Desdemona (Desdemona). Tsitsi la lalanje 10 cm cm, masamba opindika, ali ndi utoto wofiirira pansipa, pamwambapa ndi wobiriwira wopepuka ndi mkuwa. Limayamba maluwa kuchokera ku Ogasiti mpaka Okutobala. |
| Othello (Othello). Kutalika ndi masentimita 90. Zithunzi za toni wobiriwira wokhala ndi malire ofiira kuzungulira m'mphepete. Inflorescence wa lalanje wokhala ndi masentimita 13. Amamasamba mu Seputembala ndi Okutobala. | ||||
| Zosatheka za Osiris (Zosatheka ndi Osiris). Otsika, mpaka 50 cm. Pamwamba pa kamvekedwe ka chokoleti, pansi pamakhala burgundy. Limamasula mu Julayi. | ||||
| Wilson (Ligularia wilsoniana) | Leafy zimayambira kupanga rosette pamizu. Maluwa ake ndi achikaso. Chimalekerera malo owuma. Limamasula mu Julayi, nthawi ndi masiku 3540. | 1,5. | Chachikulu. | Osatchulidwa. |
| Vicha (Ligularia veitchiana) | Masamba achikasu amatulutsa mu Ogasiti. | 2. | Nyimbo zamtundu wobiriwira, mawonekedwe ake amafanana ndi mtima, mainchesi 40 cm. | |
| Vorobiev (Ligularia vorobievii) | Kuwala kwa dzuwa kumatuluka mu Ogasiti-Seputembala. Kuchuluka kwa thengo kuli mpaka 1.2 m. | Utoto wolimba wamdima wandiweyani wamtunduwu umafanana ndi khungu lakuda pakukhudza. | ||
| Kempfer (Ligularia kaempferi) | Khutu la canary, masentimita 5. Ndipo limamasula mu Julayi. Pogona nyengo yachisanu. | 0,5 | Kuzungulira, ndi serrations, m'mimba mwake 25 cm. | Aureomarginata. Green inflorescence, masamba owala obiriwira okhala ndi ma slots, ali ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira. Limamasula mu Meyi. |
| Leaf Yaikulu (Ligularia macrophylla) | Burashi ndi wachikaso. Limamasula mu Julayi. | 1,5. | Pansi pa chowulungika chimachoka ndi mtundu wa buluu, petioles mpaka 30-45 cm. | Osatchulidwa. |
| Palmate (Ligularia x Palmatiloba) | Takhala tikuphulika kuyambira Julayi. Zofunikira kwambiri chinyezi. | 1,8. | Chachikulu, chowamba, cholimba kwambiri. | |
| Siberian (Ligularia sibirica) | Mtundu wa Amber burashi. | 1. | Choyera chobiriwira. | |
| Tangut (Ligularia tangutica) | Kuphulika kwa mitundu ya dzuwa kumatulutsa mu Julayi-Ogasiti. Kubzala masamba ndi mizu mu mawonekedwe a tuber. Amakonda ngodya zadongo. | 1,5-2. | Openwork, yogawanika mu mawonekedwe a nthenga. 60-90 cm. | |
| Wachinayi-leved (Ligularia stenocephala) | Burashi yamaluwa achikasu. Ogonjetsedwa ndi chisanu. | Yokhazikika mwamphamvu, ngati mawonekedwe. Pofika nthawi yophukira, amasintha mtundu kukhala kapezi lakuda. | ||
| Fisher (Ligularia fischeri) | Kandulo canary color. Limamasula mu Julayi ndipo limamasula mpaka Ogasiti. | 0,3-1,5. | Kutalika kwa 12-23 cm, amafanana ndi mawonekedwe a mtima. | |
| Hessey (Ligularia xhessei) | Magolide a inflorescence limamasika kumapeto kwa chilimwe. | 1,5. | Zolimba mtima. |
Buzulnik ikamatera
Pobzala ndi kusamalira, ligularia imakhala yotchuka kwambiri. M'malo onyowa bwino, amatha kumatha zaka 15-20. Osawopa chisanu, koma Buzulniki Zubchaty ndi Kempfer amalimbikitsa kuti azisungirako nyengo yozizira. Mizu ya duwa limamera patali ndipo imagwira pansi. Chifukwa chake, chomera chamtali choterocho ndi chokhazikika.
Kubalana kumachitika ndi njere ndi zipatso.
Kufesa mbewu
Algorithm:
- Kubzala kumachitika mchaka ndi yophukira nthawi yomweyo. Mbewu imayikidwa pakuya kwa 1 cm.
- Pulumutsani dothi. Kuwombera mu nkhomaliro ndi maola amadzulo otetezedwa ndi dzuwa.
- Amasankha njira yophukira yofesa mbewu zatsopano m'nthaka, ndiye kuti kufalikira kwina sikofunikira.
- Kudzidalira kumatha.
- Kwa masika obzala m'munda wa Januware-Marichi, obzalidwa poyera mu Meyi.
- Maluwa amayamba zaka 4-5.
Kuthamangitsa ndi kugawa chitsamba
Kukhalabe ndi zokongoletsera, kamodzi pazaka zisanu, duwa limagawika ndikugawika.
Masika amatengedwa kuti ndi nthawi yabwino kwambiri, magawo omwe amagawanika amamera bwino ndikuyamba kukula.
Pobala bwino, gawo lokhalo lomwe limasankhidwa kuti lisungidwe limasiyanitsidwa. Humus imawonjezeredwa ku dzenje lomwe limapangidwa m'nthaka ndipo madzi amathiridwa. Muzu womwe wakumbidwawu umatsukidwa bwino, kuduladula ndi chida chakuthwa, ndikusiya impso iliyonse kukula. Masamba olekanawo amawaza ndi phulusa kapena kuwachiritsa ndi yankho la potaziyamu permanganate.
Pothira, kukumba maenje akuya masentimita 40. Zidebe ziwiri za humus, superphosphate ndi phulusa zimabweretsedwa. Pakati pa tchire muzitsimikizira nthawi 1-1.5 m.
Buzulniki anabzala mwanjira imeneyi pachaka pachaka chimodzi.
Kufika mwadzidzidzi
Ngati ndi kotheka, ndikusinthanso nthawi ina, chitsamba chimakonzedwa mwanjira ina. Dulani peduncle kwathunthu ndikuchotsa 1/3 ya masamba otsika. Kenako m'munda wokonzedwa. Kutetezedwa ndi dzuwa nthawi zonse, dziko lapansi limakhala lonyowa. Buzulnik imakhala mizu ndikuyamba kukula mkati mwa masabata 4.
Zinthu zosamalira buzulnik
Buzulnik amakonda malo opanda mthunzi popanda kulowa dzuwa. Kupanda kutero, samakula masamba okongola. M'madera omwe amawunikira ndi dzuwa, duwa lopanda kuthirira nyengo yotentha imafikira ndipo limataya kukongoletsa ndi kukongola kwake.
Kuthirira
Ligularia imafuna hydrate yosalekeza. Chachikulu, ndikubowola chitsamba. Mu nyengo youma, imapakidwa padera.
Mavalidwe apamwamba
Maluwa amalandila kuvala koyambirira pomwe akukulitsa dzenje lobzala ndi feteleza wachilengedwe ndi mchere.
Chaka chilichonse mu Meyi ndi June, pansi pa chomera chilichonse, pamakhala chidebe chowonjezera cha humus kapena kompositi.
Garter
Ligularia ndi chomera chachikulu chamuyaya, kotero chodzalidwa m'malo opumira, chingafunikire kumangirizidwa. Tizilombo timeneti timasinthika nthawi yamaluwa kuti makandulo az maluwa azikhala pamalo owongoka, kuthandizira mawonekedwe amomera.
Kusamalira pambuyo maluwa
Ndikofunikira kuyang'anira chisamaliro cha buzulnik kumapeto kwa nyengo yamaluwa.
Kudulira
Buzulnik safuna kudulira kwapadera. Zikuwoneka bwinobe. Koma ngati kusonkhanitsa kwa mbewu sikunakonzekere, ndikuwoneka kofunikira, ndiye kuti mapesi a maluwa amadulidwa. Mpaka kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira, masamba okongola adzakongoletsa mundawo. Poyembekezera kuzizira kwa nyengo yozizira, ndibwino kudula nsonga ndikuzitentha ndi kompositi, peat kapena zida zina zofananira.
Kutolera mbewu
Mukakonzekera kubzala kwa mbeu zanu, pitani motere. Popeza adasankha ma inflorescence angapo omwe amakonda, amaphatikiza matumba a thonje. Makutu otsala amachotsedwa limodzi ndi petioles. Pamapeto pake, maluwa amatulidwa, mbewu zimasenda ndikuziyika mchipindacho.
Zisanu
Ndi isanayambike chisanu, amadulidwira pansi pamasamba ndi utoto, kuthira humus. Ligularia ndi duwa lolimba kwambiri nthawi yozizira, koma kuwonongeka kumatha kuchitika popanda chisanu m'nyengo yozizira.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Buzulnik sakhala ndi matenda komanso tizirombo tambiri. Nthawi zambiri amamuopseza ndi aulesi. Kuwonongeka kwa madera awo kumatha kupewedwa mosavuta ndikuthira superphosphate mu mawonekedwe a granules kuzungulira chomera.
Nthawi zina amakhudzidwa ndi powdery mildew. Amathandizidwa ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi yankho la 1% ya sulufule ya colloidal kapena potaziyamu (2 g pa 1 ndowa).
A Dachnik adalangiza: Buzulnik pakupanga mawonekedwe
Ligularia m'munda shading ngati tapeworm. Chimawonekeranso bwino ndi mbewu zina zotchuka: hosta, daylilies, Nyengo yayitali, cuff.
Opanga malo amawalangiza kupangira izi kubzala mmera uno m'magulu, kubzala m'minda kuti abise korona zazikulire za mitengo.
Osankhidwa bwino tsambalo, mawonekedwe a buzulnik kwa zaka zambiri nyengo yonseyo amasangalala ndi masamba ake osintha ndi utoto wa dzuwa.
