Duwa la Aloe - momwe limawonekera, mitundu ndi chisamaliro

Aloe ndi mtundu wazomera za gulu la suppulents, zomwe zimadziwika mosavuta ndi masamba ake owonda amtundu wokhala ndi ma spikes m'mphepete. Zingwe zimayambira pamalingaliro ang'onoang'ono mpaka mitengo yamphesa ndipo ngakhale mipesa, yomwe imapezeka kuthengo. Malo awo achilengedwe ndi malo otentha: madera ouma a Africa, Madagaska, Arabia, komwe mankhwala a aloe vera adadziwika zaka 3000 zapitazo.

Zosiyanasiyana za Aloe

Mitundu ya aloe ndi ya banja la Asphodelaceae ndipo ndi imodzi mwamitundu yoposa 500. Pakati pawo pali mitundu yambiri ya zokongoletsera komanso zamankhwala, nthawi zina zonsezi zimaphatikizidwa, ndikupanga mitundu ya mitunduyi ya aloe kukhala yothandiza m'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku.

Kodi maluwa amawoneka bwanji

Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri:

• Aloe arborescens (Aloe arborescens), kapena agave - amodzi mwa mitundu yotchuka kwambiri yomwe imalimidwa kunyumba. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pothana ndi mabala a purulent osachiritsa, mkwiyo wa pakhungu, komanso mavuto am'mimba.
• Aloe vera (Aloe vera) - sasalira kumbuyo kwa agave ngakhale kuchuluka kwa zinthu zofunikira, kapena pafupipafupi mawonekedwe owoneka mumakhitchini ndi pazenera zenera. Zowoneka mosiyana ndi mtengo wa aloe ndi mawanga oyera oyera pamasamba ndi tsinde lalifupi.
• Aloe variegata, kapena bulindle, imatulutsa mawonekedwe ake oyamba, ndiwo, masamba owongoka (pomwe mbewuyo idatipatsa dzina lachiwiri) ndi mawonekedwe osazolowereka a rosette - amawoneka ngati masamba adalizidwa wina ndi mnzake, zomwe zimapanga dongosolo labwino.
• Aloe ciliate (Aloe ciliaris) ndiye mtundu wokhawo pakati pa abale okongoletsa omwe ndi chikhalidwe chopambana. Nthambi zowonda ndi masamba ofewa zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zoyenera kukhalamo mumphika.

• Aloe suprafoliata ndiosangalatsa chifukwa amasintha momwe masamba amapangira pakapita nthawi: chomera chaching'ono chimatulutsa masamba mbali mbali ziwiri, chofanana ndi buku (izi, mwa njira, ndi chifukwa cha dzina lake la Chingerezi - "buku aloe"), komanso ndi zaka amapanga zitsulo zozungulira. Chochititsa chidwi ndi malire ofiira kuzungulira m'mbali mwa pepalalo.
• Aloe polyphylla (Aloe polyphylla) - masanjidwe owoneka ngati masamba amachititsa kuti mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya aloe ikhale mphatso yabwino kwa okhazikika pamalingaliro, chifukwa imawoneka bwino momwemo.
• Aloe atakulungidwa (Aloe plicatilis) - chidutswa china chojambulidwa mumphika, mafani ake okonda kwambiri mbali zonse ziwiri za tsinde amawongoka m'mwamba, ndikupanga mawonekedwe owoneka kale.

Mtengo wokongoletsa wa aloe monga chomera munyumba siwambiri kwambiri pakuwoneka kwake komanso ngati alibe ulemu kwa malo okhala, zomwe zimapangitsa kukhala chosankha kwa oyamba kumene wamaluwa.

Zosiyanasiyana za Aloe

Momwe mungasamalire zoperekera zakudya kuchokera kumtundu wa aloe kunyumba, malamulo ambiri

Kuti mukule chomera ichi kunyumba, muyenera kuzolowera malamulo oyambilira okula ndikumvetsetsa momwe angasamalire aloe. Mitundu yonse ya maluwa ndi yopepuka komanso okonda kutentha, chifukwa chake malowa ndioyenera kusankha kuchokera kumbali ya dzuwa. Zabwino kwambiri ngati mawindo amayang'ana kumwera kapena kummawa.

Momwe mungasamalire aloe vera

Komabe, nkofunika kudziwa kuti chaching'onocho chaching'ono, chomwe chimafunikira mthunzi wocheperako, popeza zachilengedwe zotere zimamera mumithunzi ya oyandikana nawo. Ndizosafunika kuti ma ray a UV mwachindunji agwere pamasamba, apo ayi amaphimbidwa ndi mawanga a lalanje.

Kuwala ndi kutentha

M'nyengo yotentha ndi nthawi yachilimwe, mbewuyi imakhala yolimba kukula bwino. M'nyengo yozizira, pakakhala nthawi yopuma, muyenera kusunthira aloe m'malo ozizira (kutentha kwambiri panthawiyi ndi madigiri 14 Celsius) ndipo ngati kuli koyenera, pangani kusowa kwa kuwala kwachilengedwe ndi nyali ya fluorescent.

Kutsirira malamulo ndi chinyezi

Ndikofunika kuti musamadye mopitilira muyeso, chifukwa ndikosavuta kuthina kamodzi kuposa kupulumutsa mizu yowola ndikuthana ndi zovuta zina. Aloe amatha kugwira ndikugwiritsa ntchito chinyezi chomwe chimasungidwa m'masamba nthawi yayitali, chifukwa chake chofunikira chimayenera kuthiriridwa pokhapokha gawo lapamwamba la gawo lapansi likamuma masentimita angapo.

Kutengera ndi kukula kwa mbewu, njira yothirira imasiyana:

• Mitundu yayikulu imakonda kuthiriridwa kuchokera kumtunda, kuti madzi asalowe pansi ndikuutchingira kuti isasunthe;
• yaying'ono - kuthira madzi mu poto ndikulola chinyezi chofunikira kuti chinyowe.

M'badwo wa aloe umakhudzanso kuthilira - wamkulu maluwa, madzi ochepa omwe amafunikira poyerekeza ndi achinyamata, zitsanzo zokhazikika.

Momwe mungamwere madzi a aloe vera

Ubwino wamadzi umagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri posamalira aloe vera kunyumba. Ndikofunika kuti iziyimilira osachepera tsiku: madzi sayenera kukhala olimba kwambiri, molunjika kuchokera pampopi. Aloe sangathenso kuthira mankhwala kapena kuwaza. Ngati ndi kotheka, masamba afumbi ayenera kupukuta ndi nsalu yonyowa.

Mavalidwe apamwamba ndi dothi labwino

Kuti chithandizire kukula ndi maluwa, mbewuyo imafunika kudyetsedwa nthawi ndi nthawi. Malamulo oyambira feteleza:

• Musadyetse aloe mukangoyatsidwa: m'nthaka yatsopano pali zinthu zokwanira zopatsa thanzi zomwe zingafunikire chomera. Chonde chitha kuyesedwa osachepera miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, malo anu atatha.
• Kuvala kwapamwamba kumachitika mosamalitsa pambuyo ponyowetsa nthaka. Njira yokhazikika yofowoka imathiridwa mu poto kapena kuthiririra chomera kuchokera kumtunda kuti isayake gawo lake.
• Aloe amatha kumeza feteleza kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa kasupe mpaka pakati pa nthawi yophukira, panthawi ya kukula. Kamodzi pa sabata kapena ziwiri zidzakhala zokwanira.

Zomera sizibweretsa phindu ngati dothi lolakwika lasankhidwa. Nthaka yokhala ndi acidity yayikulu imakhala yoopsa kwa aloe, imatha kutuluka chikaso ndikumwalira posapanda kuchitapo kanthu (nthawi zambiri ndimakhala ndikuyika). Monga ma suppulents onse, sichitha kuthana ndi kuchepa kwa mizu ndipo imafunikira gawo labwino lokwanira. Brick ufa, miyala, miyala yankhuni ndioyenera bwino ngati ufa wophika.

Zofunikira zadothi zosakaniza aloe (mu 2: 1: 1: 1, motsatira):

• dziko la turf;
• mchenga wowuma;
• dziko lokometsetsa;
• humus.

Feteleza wa Aloe

Mukabzala chomera m'nthaka yatsopano, onetsetsani kuti mbali zonse zitatuzi zili pamalo:

• pansi penipeni - ngalande yosiyiramo madzi pafupifupi masentimita awiri;
• kusakaniza kwa dothi;
• Pamwamba pali kachigawo kakang'ono kamiyala kapena mchenga wowuma.

Chisankho chabwino kwambiri kuyambira oyambira m'maluwa adzagulidwanso, atachotsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi kupatsidwa zinthu zonse zofunikira pamalowo. Kutenga dothi la cacti ndi suppulents. Ngati simungathe kuzipeza, dothi losakanizika ndi dothi losakanizidwa ndi 4: 1 lidzatero.

Gulani choyambirira cha maluwa

Kukula kwa Tank Toy

Mu chomera cha aloe wathanzi, rhizome imakulirakulira, ndipo pakapita nthawi imadzaza mumphika wakale. Chomera chimalimbikitsidwa kuti chiziwilidwa zaka zingapo ndikumuphika wawukulu, apo ayi chingoleka kukula.

Maluwa ndi matalala

Amamasuka aloe kunyumba pafupipafupi. Kuti mudikire maluwa, muyenera kubwerezanso kutalika kwa mbewu pachaka momwe mungathere kuzomera zachilengedwe, kuti zizisamalidwa bwino. Mwachilengedwe, nyengo ya zipatso za aloe imakhala mpaka miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Mtundu malinga ndi mitundu umasiyana kuchokera kufiira mpaka chikaso chakuda ndi choyera.

Kuti musangalale ndi maluwa oyambira kumapeto kwa chaka chamawa, muyenera kukonzekera pasadakhale:

• M'mwezi wa Marichi, yambani kudyetsa pafupipafupi aloe motsatira malamulo omwe tafotokozawa.
• M'nyengo yotentha, usiku ukakhala wotentha, pita ndi mpweya wabwino, pang'onopang'ono kuwonjezera nthawi yomwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito pa khonde kapena khonde. Musaiwale za kuthirira nthawi yake.
• Kuyambira ndi kuzizira kwa Seputembala, ndikofunikira kuyimitsa "zimbale zakunja" ndikuyika poto wa aloe pawuni yoyatsa bwino. Ndikofunikira kuwonjezera kutentha kwa madzi kuthirira ndi madigiri sikisi mpaka asanu ndi atatu poyerekeza ndi kutentha kwa mpweya mchipindacho.
• M'nyengo yozizira, muyenera kukonzekera malo abwino ndi owuma a chomera, pomwe amatha kudikirira nthawi yonse, kotero kuwaza kwawindo pamwamba pa batri si malo abwino nthawi yachisanu. Nthawi yomweyo, mulingo wa kuyatsa ungasungidwe ndi nyali za fluorescent.
• Ndi kudza kwa masika, muyenera kuwonjezera kutentha mu chipindacho, polimbikitsa kudzutsidwa kwa duwa. Pakadali pano, ndikofunikira kuti zisamusokoneze ndikusunthika kwa mphika. Muyenera kuthirira kawiri pa sabata.

Maluwa Aloe

Duwa la Aloe limawoneka ngati khutu pa muvi wamtali womwe umakula kuchokera pakatikati pa rosette, ndipo umafanana ndi duwali wamtundu wa hyacinth wokhala ndi masamba ake ang'onoang'ono ambiri. Chomera chikazirala, muyenera kuchotsa duwa la maluwa kuteteza kuti mbeu zisapangidwe. Kwa aloe, izi ndizopsinjika kwambiri, ndipo ndibwino kupewa kutopa, koma kusamalira chisamaliro, monga pokonzekera chomera chamaluwa.

Mavuto akukula, matenda ndi tizirombo

Maluwe opangidwa ndi maluwa ndi maluwa omwe samakonda kulima, koma amakonda matenda ndi majeremusi. Madzi ochulukirapo pamizu ndi kutentha kochepa kumatha kubowola mizu. Zizindikiro zake ndizowonekera, koma mutha kupulumutsa mbewu pokhapokha matendawa atadwala.

Mwa majeremusi omwe agwera pa chomerachi, ambiri ndi nthomba za akangaude komanso tizilombo tambiri tambiri. Yoyamba mwa iwo ndi majeremusi a millimeter, omwe kupezeka kwake nthawi zambiri kumakhala kovuta kudziwa chifukwa cha kukula kwake kocheperako. Zizindikiro zowonongeka ndi kambewu wowonda ndi kuyanika, masamba achikasu. Mutha kuchotsa kangaude mothandizidwa ndi ma acaricides, koma pazolinga zopewera ndibwino kuti musalole dothi kuti liume, popeza malo oyenera a tiziromboti ndiouma komanso osakwanira.

Matenda a Aloe

Chiperecho chimawoneka mosavuta ndipo chimawoneka ngati cholembera ngati phale pamwamba pa pepalalo. Tizilomboti timachulukana mwachangu ndipo timapanga timagulu tambiri, timagwira pa zamkati ndikulepheretsa mphamvu ya mbewu ku photosynthesis. Ndikwabwino kusiyanitsa nyemba zomwe zakhudzidwa ndi ena, kupha tizirombo toyambitsa matenda ndikugula njira yapadera yothandizira tizilombo.

Aloe (agave) ndi maluwa othandiza komanso okongola, chisamaliro chomwe panyumba sichifuna kuyesetsa kwambiri, koma chimabweretsa chisangalalo chochuluka. Chomera sichimangokopa ndi mawonekedwe ake, komanso ndi mphamvu yake yakuchiritsa.