Kalanchoe ndi woimira wotchuka woyimira masamba okhala ndi masamba osema ndi maluwa okongola. Zomera, monga cacti, crassula ndianguoculcas, zimatha kudziunjikira chinyezi, zomwe zimapereka zakudya pakalibe kuthirira.
Zomwe zimayambitsa kupatsirana
Kwa Kalanchoe, kupatsirana kumangokhala kupsinjika, kotero kuyenera kuchitidwa pakakhala kufunika kwadzidzidzi, kuti tisavulazenso mbewuyo. Izi ndizachidziwikire zamitundu yonse, kuphatikizira zotchuka kwambiri:
Kufalikira Kalanchoe
- Kalanchoe akukula;
- Kalanchoe Degremon;
- Kalanchoe Laciniata.
Chifukwa chachilengedwe chopangira kufalikira kumachitika maluwa atakula kale m'mphika wake ndipo sangathenso kukhalamo. Koma mu nkhani iyi, pamakhala zochitika zina pamene ndizosatheka kufalitsa Kalanchoe.
Thirani mutagula
Mutha kuganiza za momwe mungasinthire Kalanchoe kuchokera kunyumba yosungiramo munda pokhapokha nyengo yotsinthira. Pazinthu zatsopano, mbewuyo imatha kudwala ngati yaying'ono yachipinda yosiyana kwambiri ndi momwe idakulirakulira mu nazale. Zovuta zina zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kumuika zimatha kuwononga mbewu.
Zofunika! Kubweretsa Kalanchoe kunyumba mutagula, muyenera kumpatsa masabata awiri kuti agwirizane, pomwe nthawiyo duwa limazolowera kutentha, chinyezi komanso kuwala.
Kuti maluwa athe kusuntha mosavuta, zovuta zoyipa pazowonjezera ziyenera kuchepetsedwa. Chifukwa chake, pofuna kupatula kachilombo koyambitsa matenda ndi tizirombo, mphika wa Kalanchoe uyenera kuyikitsidwa ndi maluwa ena, kupatula malo enaake.
Kuwalitsa kumachita gawo lofunikira m'moyo wa maluwa, Kalanchoe ndiwonso. Mbali yakum'mawa ndiyoyenereradi, chifukwa ndi yopepuka, koma siziwopseza masamba owala ndi dzuwa kuchokera ku cheza cholunjika. Ngati sizotheka kuyika mphikawo kumbali yakum'mawa, mutha kuyiyika pazenera zina, koma kukula kumwera kumayendera limodzi ndi kutetezedwa ku dzuwa lowopsa. Palibe chovuta kuyika pazenera lakumwera nthawi yozizira, osawopa kuyaka.
Zofunika! Simuyenera kupanga feteleza aliwonse munthawi yosinthira, chifukwa mu nazale nthaka imakhala yodzaza ndi maluwa komanso zokupatsira maluwa zochuluka.
Ngati pakatha milungu iwiri, Kalanchoe sayamba kusiya masamba, osafota ndipo satembenukira chikasu, akhoza kuilowetsa mumphika watsopano.
Thirani pa maluwa
Chomera chowongolera chimatsogolera mphamvu zake zonse pakupanga kwa inflorescence, imagawaniza michere m'njira yotsimikizira kuti maluwa oyamba komanso maluwa oyandikira. Momwe mungayikitsire Kalanchoe popanda kuvulaza panyumba iyenera kuganiziridwa pokhapokha ngati chomera chatuluka.
Kalanchoe Degremona
Kukhazikika mumphika wina komanso gawo latsopanolo, Kalanchoe amayenera kusintha mizu kuti ikhale yatsopano. Talandira malo aulere ambiri, mizu imayamba kukula mwachangu, kuwononga gawo lofunikira la michereyo, ndikulepheretsa maluwa mapesi a gawo lalikulu la chakudya.
Ngati chitsamba sichidaphuke ndipo chakwiriridwa, pali mwayi wakuutaya. Popeza adakumana ndi zovuta, Kalanchoe amayesa kugawa kwambiri, kuti agwirizane ndi zatsopano.
Kusankha mphika wogulitsa
Musanalime Kalanchoe mumphika watsopano, muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti njirayi ndiyofunikira. Njira zazikulu zakukonzanso malo okhala ndi izi:
- chitsamba chopanda zipatso, chomwe chimakhala zobiriwira mlengalenga chomwe chimakhala chachikulu kukula kuposa kuchuluka kwa mphikawo, ndipo chimakulanso katatu kuposa pamenepo;
- mizu yakula kwambiri kotero kuti malekezero awo amatha kuwonekera kudzera m'mabowo otayira;
- masamba a chomera chachikulire amatembenukira chikasu, zilonda, samayankha umuna ukachira;
- ana ambiri ozama opangidwa mumphika, omwe akukula msanga wobiriwira mwachangu.
Kuyamba kwa maluwa, mapangidwe a masamba
Kukula kwatsopano sikuyenera kukhala kwakukulukulu kuposa koyambiriro. Ndikwabwino kusankha mphika wotalika masentimita 2-3 kuposa momwe mbewuyo imamera. Ngati mphika wothira Kalanchoe ndiwofalikira kwambiri komanso mwakuya, umapanga mizu yake ndikupanga chobiriwira chambiri. Mphukira yoyamba yokhala ndi kubzala imatha kuonekera pokhapokha mizu italowa m'thope lonse, kufikira momwe mungathere kukula.
Mukasankha mphika womwe ukufunikira Kalanchoe, ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti chomera chilichonse chimafunikira zinthu zachilengedwe. Chifukwa chake, mutha kusankha zitsanzo zamapulasitiki pokhapokha ngati zomaliza, pomwe bajetiyo sikuloleza kugula fanizoli kapena zadongo. Pali miphika yambiri yamatabwa yolumikizidwa ndi mphete, yofunikiranso pakukulitsa bwino kwa Kalanchoe.
Zosankha zazitali za kubzala
Kalanchoe, malinga ndi botanists, amadziwika kuti ndi wowoneka bwino, ngati cacti. Izi zikusonyeza kuti m'njira zambiri zimayenderana ndi omwe amayimira mbewu zamtengo wapatali. Zomwezi zikugwiranso ntchito pakusankhidwa kwa dothi la Kalanchoe. Chabwino kwambiri ndichomwe chikhala chotsirizidwa, chogulika mu dimba kapena nazale, pamayikidwe omwe amalembedwa "chifukwa cha" kapena "cacti."
Kusakaniza kwa dothi kwa Kalanchoe
Mizu yake imayenera kulandira mpweya wokwanira komanso chinyezi, kukulira mwaulere pamapeto onse a mphika. Ngati kuchuluka kwa zinthu zolakwika sikulondola, madziwo sadzakhutitsa dothi la Kalanchoe, m'malo mwake, lidzakumba maenje okumba m'nthawi yochepa, ndikusiya dothi lopanda kanthu, ndi mbewu yopanda chakudya. Zomwe zimapangidwa ndi dothi ziyenera kukhala ndi mchenga, womwe umatha kugwira madzi ambiri.
Malo a Kalanchoe akhale:
- 1 mbali peat;
- Magawo atatu a dothi louma;
- 1 gawo la mchenga;
- 1 gawo la masamba humus;
- 0,5 magawo a kompositi.
Kuti nthaka acidity ikwaniritse zofunikira za Kalanchoe, miyala ya miyala yophwanyika ikhoza kuwonjezeredwa pazomwe zimapangidwa, zomwe sizingalole nthaka kukhala acidic. Ndi kuchuluka kwachuma, mtengowu sungaphuke kapena kutaya masamba. Kuchuluka kwa ufa wamwala kuyenera kukhala 1/10 ya buku lonse la poto. Kugwiritsa ntchito kosakaniza kwambiri kwa alkalizing kungapangitse nthaka kukhala yosayenera kukula kwa mbewu.
Zabwino pamtunda
Musanavule Kalanchoe, ndikofunikira kutsimikizira nthaka. Kuti muyese kuyenerera, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito njira zosavuta:
- Dzazani mphika ndi dothi, mutayikiratu pansi.
- Thirani dothi ndi 500 ml ya madzi.
- Yembekezani mphindi 15.
- Onani kuchuluka kwa madzi omwe ali mu sump.
Ngati kuchuluka kwa madzi akunyowa nthawi imeneyi kupitilira 250 ml, onjezerani mchenga kapena mapiko a coconut kunthaka. Izi zimatha kusunga chinyezi, pomwe sizigwiritsa ntchito gawo lapansi.
Pambuyo pakuuma, dziko lapansi siliyenera kutengedwa ndi mtanda umodzi. Ngati masiku 3-4 adatha mutathirira, amayenera kuyang'aniridwa kuti athe kuyamwa. Mwa alimi, pali chinyengo chocheperako chomwe chimakupatsani mwayi wofewa komanso kufinya nthaka: patsiku la 4 mutathirira, amatenga foloko yoyika pulasitiki ndikumatula wosanjikiza pamwamba, osagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri. Ngati dzino limodzi kuchokera ku foloko litagundika, dothi silikhala labwino kumera. Nthaka yoyenera imatha kumasulidwa popanda kuthyola mano. Kuchita izi kale kuposa masiku 4 kulakwika, chifukwa nthaka idzakhalabe yonyowa, ndipo mayesowo akhoza kupereka zabodza.
Zambiri. Mkhalidwe wapadziko lapansi mumphika uyenera kuyang'aniridwa nthawi zonse, kupewa kuti nthaka isakokoloke. Dziko lapansi m'mphika "litauma" ndikuyamba kusweka, liyenera kumasulidwa, kulola mpweya kuzika mizu.
Zinthu zakuthira kunyumba
Musanayambe kubzala Kalanchoe mumphika watsopano, uyenera kuyang'aniridwa kuti uwononge ziwalo zina. Kuchotsa chomera mumphika, muyenera kupenda mizu mosamala, ngati pali chowola kapena chakufa. Ngati pali zidutswa zoterezi, zimayenera kuchotsedwa ndi zochepa kapena chikhazikitso wamba cha chothandizira kuti zisasamutse kachilombo koyambitsa matenda kumalo atsopano. Mukakonza mizu yowonongeka, malo omwe ali ndi zigawozo amayenera kuthandizidwa ndi zinyalala zamakala, potenthera matupi athu.
Thunthu ndi masamba amafunikanso kuyang'aniridwa mwachangu, kuthana ndi chomera chamtundu ndi zidutswa zowola. Chimodzi mwazomwe zikuwonetsa kuyesedwa kwa mizu ndi thunthu lofewa komanso lozungulira. Chomera chikangoyamba kupindika, ndikofunikira kuchichotsa mumphika ndikuyang'ana mizu, ndikuchotsa nthambi zowola.
Ngati gawo lalikulu la mizu yonse yakhudzidwa pambuyo pochotsa madwala, mbali yotsalayo imathandizidwa ndi yofooka potaziyamu yaanganamu (kuwala kwa pinki potaziyamu permanganate). Muphika womwe mbewuyo ikayikidwamo ukasambitsidwa ndi madzi otentha, ndikuthira mafuta.
Mphika wambiri
Ngati mizu yonse ndi gawo lakumunsi la thunthu lagwidwa ndi kachilombo koyambira, chomera chimatha kupulumutsidwa. Kuti muchite izi, pangani chidwi chotalika masentimita 1 kuchokera pamzere wogawa gawo labwino la thunthu kwa wodwala. Kenako chotsani odulidwa ndi fumbi lamakala. Tsinde lomwe limatsogolalo limazika mizu mosavuta, kulola kuti mbewuyo ikule patsogolo. Kuti muchite izi, liikeni mugalasi ndi madzi kutentha kwa firiji. Kuti matendawa asachulukane m'madzi, munthu asayiwale kusintha tsiku lililonse.
Ngati kumuyika pakufunika
Zonenepa zimakula msanga kuposa mbewu zina zamkati, ndikupanga mwachangu masamba achichepere ndi mphukira za mwana wamkazi. Chifukwa chake, akatswiri odziwa bwino maluwa amalimbikitsa masika aliwonse, maluwa atamaliza, kuti azitha kufesa mbewu zazing'ono zomwe zikupanga ziwalo zawo mlengalenga.
Ngati izi sizingachitike pa nthawi yake, ndikugwa kwa duwa kudzadzaza mumphika, kumuwonjezera uzichitika mu nthawi, zomwe zitha kubweretsa kufota ndi kutaya mphamvu, kenako mbewuyo ichira nthawi yayitali osawonetsa maluwa.
Nthawi zambiri, mitundu ya Kalanchoe, yomwe imachulukana ndi impso zomwe zimawonekera pamasamba, njira zenizeni zomwe zimachokera ku masamba omwe adagwera zimawonekera pazokha mumphika. Monga othandizira ena, Kalanchoe amazika mizu mosavuta, ngakhale palibe amene amasamalira mwana wakugwa. Poto yokhala ndi anthu ambiri imabzalidwe, apo ayi zikumera zazing'ono sizingalole kuti chomera cha mayi chikulandire michere, zomwe zitha kufa.
Amapanga masamba pamasamba
Chaka chilichonse, Kalanchoe sayenera kubzala m'chidebe chatsopano ngati mbewuyo ili ndi zaka zopitilira 5-7. Pambuyo pa m'badwo uno, samakula mwachangu, kuchuluka kwa mapangidwe a masamba atsopano ndi mphukira kumachepetsedwa kwambiri. Izi sizikutanthauza kuti zitsanzo zachikale zimazizira pakukula kwawo, amakhalabe ndi masamba achichepere, ngakhale chowonadi sichambiri monga kale.
Chifukwa chake, chomera chaching'ono chimaloledwa kuti chibzalidwe mumphika wapulasitiki, chifukwa choti kasupe wotsatira amatha kusinthanso. Zomera zachikulire ziyenera kubzalidwe makamaka pazinthu zopangidwa kuchokera ku zinthu zachilengedwe zopumira, popeza kuziyika kwina zimatha kuchitika patatha zaka zochepa.
Kusamalira maluwa kwina
Atatha kubzala Kalanchoe, ndikofunikira kuganizira zamalo pazenera, zomwe zimadzala. Kalanchoe saleketsa kuyandikira, kotero muyenera kuyiyika pafupi ndi 30 cm kuchokera kuzomera zotsika komanso kupitirira kuchokera kwa oyandikana nawo kuti masamba awo asatseke kuwala.
Tcherani khutu! Ngati maluwa okoma otulutsa maluwa akhazikitsidwa kunyumba pazenera, koma osapanga masamba kwa zaka zingapo, mbewuyo imatha kukhudzidwa ndi kukonza kwa nthawi yayitali masana, yomwe ithandizire kupangika kwamaluwa ndipo zimapangitsa kuti munthu azikonda kwambiri nyumba.
Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kukonzekera mwezi wamadzulo chomera, ndikuchichotsa pawindo pazenera. Kuti munthu akule bwino, kuchuluka kwake kumamukwanira, koma kugwedezeka kwamtunduwu sikungachitike chifukwa cha kupangika kwa mankhwala komwe kumachitika minofu. Mphika ukangobwezera pawindo ladzuwa, mbewuyo imayankha nthawi yomweyo ndikupanga masamba okongola.
Kuswana Kalanchoe kumasangalatsa wamaluwa oyamba kumene. Kumbali imodzi, ichi ndi chomera wamba chomwe chimapezeka pafupifupi pazenera chilichonse, pazinthu zina, mitundu yosiyanasiyana yokhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya inflorescence sitha kutchedwa yotopetsa, ndichifukwa chake mitundu yambiri ya Kalanchoe imasonkhanitsa.
