Daffodils ndi maluwa otchuka kwambiri m'munda wa dziko lathu (osati athu okha). Chifukwa cha kudzichepetsa kwa nthaka ndi nyengo, maluwa amenewa amatchedwa zomera kwa aulesi. Iwo akhoza kungobzalidwa, nthawi zina kuthirira madzi, ndipo iwo amakondwera ndi alendo ndi fungo labwino la uchi uliwonse masika. M'nkhani ino tidzakambirana za momwe mungabzalitsire daffodils isanafike nyengo yozizira, momwe mungapangire malo oyenera kubzala, kuti musankhe malo abwino oti mubzala, ndi momwe mungasamalire bwino munthu wamkulu.
Kodi kudzala liti?
Maganizo obzala mtundu uwu wa maluwa mu kugwa angasinthe kumadera osiyanasiyana a dziko lathu. Akatswiri amati amalima daffodils panthawi imene kutentha kwa tsiku ndi tsiku kumakhala pafupi + 8-10 ° C ndipo kumatenga masiku 10 mpaka 14 m'njira imeneyi. Kumpoto ndi kumpoto kwa madera a Russia, nyengoyi imayamba pakati pakumapeto kwa September, koma kumadera akum'mwera amatha mpaka kumapeto kwa mwezi wa October kapena kumayambiriro kwa November. Zonsezi ndizoti masiku awa ayenera kulemekezedwa, mwinamwake masika otchedwa daffodils sangakhale pachimake konse.
Phunzirani zambiri za maluwa ena otchuka a anyezi: gladioli, maluwa, tulips, matalala a chisanu, crocuses, dahlias, crocosmia.
Ngati mutabzala mababu a maluwa posachedwa, akhoza kukula mwamsanga ndi kuzizira chifukwa cha chisanu ndi chisanu. Anyezi omwe anabzala nthawi ayenera kukhala ndi mizu asanayambe kuyamba chisanu, koma pamwamba pa mbali ya maluwa sayenera kukula mpaka poyamba chisanu.
Kuonjezerapo, ngati mutabzala daffodils, pamene nthaka kutentha ndi yapamwamba kuposa momwe ikuwonetsedwera, ndipo chinyezi chimadutsa nthawi zambiri ndi 1.5-2 nthawi, mizu imachita maluwa. Kubzala msinkhu kudzatsogolera ku mfundo yakuti kumapeto kwa daffodils kudzabala maluwa ang'onoang'ono ndi mapesi otsika. Koma ngati mutachedwa nthawi yofika, yang'anani mosamala mababu omwe abzalidwa kuti asamaundane nthawi yoyamba yozizira.
Mukudziwa? Mu Roma wakale, daffodils ndi maluwa achikasu analonjera ankhondo omwe adagonjetsa nkhondo.
Mitundu ina ya maluwa amenewa imatha kupulumuka kwambiri ndi chisanu chopanda pogona. Koma ngati zingatheke m'nyengo yozizira muyenera kuika mitundu yonse ya daffodils. Monga malo ogona, mungagwiritse ntchito nthambi yowonjezera, kompositi, peat, masamba owuma, utuchi, ndi zina zotero. Sikoyenera kutseka maluwa ndi pepala la pulasitiki ndi zochokera mmalo mwake, popeza mungachepetse kupeza kwa mpweya kwa chomera. Ngati mukufuna, mababu akhoza kuphimbidwa ndi zinthu zopanda nsalu zokhalamo.Zotsatira zofika
Pofuna kubzala daffodils mu kugwa, muyenera kutsata luso lamakono: imbani mababu mu nthaka yokonzedwa bwino, kukumba mabowo a kukula kwake ndikusamba maluwa ndi zinthu zapadera. Tidzawuza za zonsezi pansipa.
Kusankha malo
Kusankha malo abwino otsetsereka ndi chinthu chofunika kwambiri. Daffodils (makamaka mitundu ya korona ndi ya pinki ya korona) ngati malo amdima, m'mikhalidwe yotere maluwawo sangawonongeke pang'ono ndi dzuwa. Kuonjezerapo, chifukwa cha mababu obzala muyenera kusankha mlingo, wotetezedwa ku malo osungira. 
Olima amaluwa amadziwa kuti m'malo omwe mphepo yamkuntho nthawi zonse sumawomba, daffodils amasamba pang'ono. Maluwa amenewa amamva bwino pakati pa mitengo yambiri, koma kubzala m'munda wokhala ndi zomera zobiriwira ndi zitsamba sizinakonzedwe. Komanso, mumthunzi daffodils sungakhoze kukula bwino, chifukwa chake fungo lawo lidzacheperapo, ndipo maluwawo adzatsika kukula.
Chinthu china chofunika pakusankha malo ndi madzi a pansi pa nthaka. Sankhani malo omwe madzi a pansi pamtunda sali oposa 60 masentimita. Ziwembu zomwe nthawi zonse zimasungunuka pamene chipale chofewa chimasungunuka kapena pakagwa mvula yamphamvu komanso yamalire sizomwe zimabzala mababu. Zikakhala choncho, mizu ya daffodils posachedwa imavunda chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa nthaka ya bowa yomwe imakonda kwambiri chinyezi. 
Dothi la daffodils
Mtundu woyenerera kwambiri wa dothi la kubzala daffodils ndi mtundu wa loamy. Mchere wake uyenera kusiyana pakati pa 6-7.5 Ph. Nthaka ya mchenga idzakhala yosayenera kwa kukula ndi maluwa. Poyamba, daffodils idzakupatsani maluwa aakulu ndi fungo labwino chifukwa cha zomwe zinapangidwa kale.
M'tsogolo, chomeracho chikhoza kusiya kufalikira, babuyo amatha kukula, ndipo nthawi zina dothi la mtundu umenewu lingayambitse maluwa. Koma ngati dothi m'munda wanu limasinthidwa kukula kwa maluwa osiyanasiyana, ndiye kuti mavuto sayenera kuwuka. 
Musanabzala, malo ayenera kuchotsedwa: kuchotsani miyala yonse yaing'ono ndi yaikulu, zinyalala, mizu ya tchire ndi mitengo, ndi zina zotero. Ngati muli ndi dothi lalikulu la dothi pa chiwembu chanu, muyenera kuwonjezera mchenga (20 makilogalamu / mamita). Ngati dothi lili ndi mchenga, ndiye kuti dongo ndi peat kapena humus imaphatikizidwira mofanana.
Ndikofunika kubweretsa mtundu wina wa feteleza 2-3 miyezi isanayambe kubzala kwa babu, ndipo manyowa atsopano ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito chaka chimodzi musanabzala. Ndibwino kuti manyowa asamalire kumayambiriro kwa nthawi ya chilimwe (malingana ndi malo omwe mumakhalamo ndi pamene mumabzala). Manyowa osakaniza kapena humus amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamtunda wa makilogalamu 15-20 pa mita imodzi. 
Ndikofunikira! Kubweretsa feteleza mwatsopano musanadzalemo sikuletsedwa. Lili ndi zinthu zina zomwe zingatenthe mababu aang'ono.Daffodils, monga mitundu yambiri yamaluwa, amafunikira feteleza ndi feteleza mchere. M'chaka choyamba, mbewu zawo sizingagwiritsidwe ntchito, chifukwa zakhala zikuwonjezerapo kale kuchuluka kwa zinthu izi. Ngati mukufuna kudzala mababu a narcissus mu kugwa, ndiye kuti mukhoza kuthirira dothi lozungulira iwo ndi macro-ndi microelements pakatha miyezi 4-6, pamene chomera chimapereka maluwa oyambirira. Pambuyo pa maluwa, mababuwo ayenera kubwereranso ndi mchere.
Ngati n'kotheka, yesani nthaka mu labotale yapadera. Apo ayi, simungadziwe kuti ndi mchere wanji komanso momwe maluwa anu amafunira. Zizindikiro zazikuluzikulu zomwe mukufufuza ndizopezeka potaziyamu, nayitrogeni ndi phosphorous m'nthaka (zinthu zopanda phokoso zomwe sizikhoza kupanga maluwa akulu ndi onunkhira). Zinthu zofunika kwambiri zomwe daffodils amafunikira kwambiri ndi phosphorous ndi potaziyamu. 
Choyamba chimayambitsa kukula kwa babu ndi maluwa (kukula ndi fungo la maluwa). Potaziyamu imathandiza maluwa kuti apange kuchuluka kwake kwa wowuma ndi sucrose. Muyenera kukhala osamala ndi nitrojeni: muyezo wabwino, imalimbikitsa chitukuko cha maluwa, chifukwa maluwawo amakula kukula, koma ngati muwonjezera nayitrogeni wambiri, ikhoza kuwononga zomera.
Kusanthula kwa nthaka kudzapereka momveka bwino za kukhalapo kwa chinthu chimodzi kapena chinthu china m'nthaka, ndipo deta yomwe ingapezedwe ikhoza kuyankhidwa pakagwiritsira ntchito feteleza. Miyezo ingaganizidwe: potassium sulfate (30 mg / m²), superphosphate (60 mg / m²), ammonium nitrate, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito mutabzala (10-15 g / m²). Ngati mutapeza zinthu zina zochepa m'nthaka yanu, ndiye kuti mlingo wa feteleza uyenera kuchepetsedwa, ngati pali kusowa kapena kusakhalapo, ndiye kuti mlingowu uyenera kuwonjezedwa kawiri kapena katatu. Mulimonsemo, funsani uphungu wa katswiri yemwe adzayese nthaka yanu. 
Ngati mulibe mwayi wofufuza nthaka, mungachite zotsatila izi: kuchotsani masentimita 30-40 mmwamba ndikugwiritsanso ntchito mankhwala osakaniza, omwe mchere wonse uli nawo kale.
Njira yamakono yobzala daffodils mu kugwa
Musanadzale mababu a daffodils ayenera kuyeretsedwa ku khungu lakale (chotsani kokha pamwamba, koma musamatsukitse chirichonse mpaka mamba oyera). Mababu akhoza kukhala osakwatiwa ndi gulu, muyenera kungodzipatula omwe sali omangika. Mababu a gulu laling'ono amamera pamodzi, kotero mumapanga mpata wopulumuka maluwa m'nyengo yozizira. Pambuyo pake, ngati muwasiyanitsa, mudzathyola umphumphu ndi kuswa miyeso yoyera yosungirako, yomwe simudzakhalanso maluwa.
Mukudziwa? Zithunzi za daffodils za maluwa zimapezeka pamakoma akale a Pompeii.Mukamabzala, muyenera kutsatira lamulo ili: kuya kwa fossa kumafunika katatu kutalika kwa babu. Kwa mababu akulu, maenje ayenera kupitilira 15-25 masentimita akuya, kwa mababu ang'onoang'ono ndi magulu, maenje ayenera kukumba pang'ono, koma pang'ono (pafupifupi 10-15 masentimita). Amaluwa nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito chinyengo chomwecho, chomwe chimakulolani kulamulira maluwa ndi kubalana kwa mababu.
Ngati duwa limabzalidwa mozama kwambiri kusiyana ndi malingaliro, ndiye kuti lidzasintha ndi kuchedwa ndipo lidzawonjezeka pang'onopang'ono. Ngati mupanga kubzala pamwamba (kuya kwa mabowo 7-12 masentimita), ndiye kuti mababuwo adzafalikira mofulumira ndikuyamba pachimake. Njira yachiwiri yobzala daffodils imapangidwa bwino kumadera akummwera a dziko lathu, kumene kulibe chisanu cholimba chachisanu. Ngati mumakhala kumadera ambiri kumpoto, koma mukufuna kuwona maluwa oyambirira a daffodils, ndiye kuti muyenera kusamalira ululu wabwino wa mababu m'nyengo yozizira.Musanabzala, muyenera kusankha cholinga chomwe mukufuna kukula. Ngati mukufunikira kununkhira kwa maluwa a narciss masika onse osakhalaponso, ndiye mutha kubzala mababu akulu pakati pa maenje, muzichita mu kugwa (September-October). 
Ngati cholinga chanu ndi kulima maluwa kuti mupitirize kugulitsa mababuwo, sankhani zinthu zamtengo wapatali, koma mababu ayenera kukhala ang'ono ndi ochepa, chifukwa pakali pano njira yobereka idzachitika mofulumira kwambiri.
Mukamabzala, ikani mababu pansi. Ngati muwasiyanitsa, amamerabe, koma mapesi a maluwa adzaphwanyidwa. Komanso, chomeracho chidzadya mphamvu zambiri kuti zichoke m'nthaka, ndipo chifukwa chake maluwawo adzakhala ang'onoang'ono mu kukula, ndipo chiwerengero chawo chidzachepetsedwa ndi 1.5-2 nthawi. Mukamabzala, m'pofunika kuyang'ana mtunda wina pakati pa mababu: pakati pa zinthu zazikulu - 15-20 masentimita, pakati pa gulu laling'ono - 7-11 masentimita. 
Chizindikiro cha daffodils ndi chakuti mababu awo ndi masamba ali ndi poizoni, tizilombo tating'onoting'ono (mbewa, slugs, etc.) musawononge zomera izi. Olima munda nthawi zambiri amalima daffodils pafupi ndi tulips, maluwa, grouse ndi maluwa ena ngati chotchinga choteteza tizirombo.
Maluwa akusamalira mutabzala
Sikufunikanso kugwiritsa ntchito mtundu uliwonse wa fetereza mu kugwa mutabzala. Muyenera kuchita izi musanadzalemo, ndipo zonse zamchere ndi zinthu zakuthupi zidzakhala zochepa mpaka April mpaka May. Ndikofunika kwambiri kuyang'anira chinyezi cha nthaka, chomwe chimakhudza mwachindunji rooting ya babu. Patsiku lakuda, ma daffodils ayenera kuthiriridwa nthawi zonse, koma mpaka kutentha kwa mpweya kumadutsa pansi + 5-7 ° C. 
Ngati autumn imanyowa, ndi mvula yambiri, ndiye kuti maluwawo aziyenera kujambula ndi filimu kuti athetse kutentha kwa nthaka, zomwe zidzatsogolera ku imfa ya babu. Kuwonjezera apo, musaiwale kuti nthawi zonse mutulutse nthaka kuzungulira zomera kuti muchotse kutsetsereka komwe kumalepheretsa kulowa mmlengalenga ndi madzi.
Ndikofunikira! Daffodils amatha kukula pamalo amodzi osapitirira zaka zisanu. Pambuyo pake, mababu awo ayenera kugawidwa ndi kuikidwa.Mafuta omwe amabzalidwa kumpoto kwa dziko lathu amafunikira malo okhala m'nyengo yozizira. Izi ndizochitidwa bwino kupyolera mu mulching. Koma zisanachitike, dziko lapansi liyenera kumasulidwa ndi kuthirira pang'ono. Mtengo wa mulch uyenera kukhala wautali wa masentimita 10 mpaka 15. Mafuta, masamba, peat, utuchi, etc. Ngati m'dera lanu muli chisanu cholimba komanso nyengo yowonongeka ya chipale chofewa, ndiye bwino kubisa daffodils ndi lutrasil kapena spunbond.
Ndipo potsiriza, ine ndikufuna kuti ndizindikire kuti daffodils ndi imodzi mwa mitundu yosalemekezeka kwambiri ya zomera zomwe, mwa zina, zimakhala ngati wamaluwa ambiri. Maluwa awo okongola ndi onunkhira amakongoletsa minda ya anthu ambiri. Bzalani daffodils ndi inu, penyani luso loyenera la kubzala, kuthirani nthaka ndi kusangalala ndi maluwa masika onse.
