Hibiscus ndi yokongola chomera cha banja la malvaceae. Choyamba chinakula ku Southeast Asia, kuyambira tsopano chimatchuka kwambiri, ndipo mpaka lero chiri ndi mitundu yoposa 200. Hibiscus chitsamba mwakula m'munda, mitundu ina ikhoza kukhala mkati.
Makhalidwe, kufotokoza
Mizu ya mizu chomeracho n'chodabwitsa, chimakhala ndi mizu yakale komanso yatsopano, yopanga mpira umodzi.
Mizu yaing'ono imakhala yoyera kapena yofiira kwambiri mu mtundu ndi chikasu chakasu, maonekedwe akuwoneka ndi kutupa pang'ono. Okalamba amasiyanitsidwa ndi zofewa ndi mtundu wakuda, sizibweretsa phindu lililonse, zimangotenga gawo limodzi la zakudya.
Masamba chobiriwira chakuda ndi chowala, chomwe chili pa petioles. Maonekedwe ndi ovate-rhombic, okhala ndi mano ang'onoang'ono pamphepete.
Maluwa kuwala, ndi mitundu yosiyana kwambiri: pali zoyera, zofiira zofiira, zofiira, zofiirira, zofiirira, zachikasu. Maluwa amodzi amatha kufika masentimita khumi ndi awiri ndikukhala patali kuchokera kwa wina ndi mnzake.
Phulusa yosalala, yokutidwa ndi makungwa amvi. Pomwe makungwawo akugwiritsidwa ntchito, pali zinthu zina zomwe zimapatsa shrub mphamvu yapadera.
Kubzala ndi kusamalira chitsamba cha hibiscus
Tikufika Hibiscus amalimbikitsidwa m'chaka, pamene usiku chisanu chimatha.
Chofunika kwambiri posankha malo a mbewu ndi kutetezedwa ku mphepo ndi kuwala kochuluka.
Malo akasankhidwa, muyenera kukumba dzenje kawiri kukula kwa rhizomesndi kuwonjezera manyowa. Kenaka, popewera kuwonongeka muzu, ikani nyemba m'makonzedwe okonzeka kuti pamwamba pa rhizome muli pafupi ndi nthaka. Pambuyo pake, perekani pansi kuzungulira rhizome ndi kompositi ndi nthaka ndikunyengerera nthaka yozungulira ndi dzanja lanu. Pamapeto pake, perekani pang'ono ndi kukwera mtengo.
Ground kuti kukula bwinoko kukhale kotayirira ndi madzi othamanga bwino, komanso kumakhala ndi humus okwanira.
Zinthu zabwino zimapereka nthaka ndi acidity. pH kuchokera pa 5.5 mpaka 7.8. Kusakaniza kwa nthaka kotere kumalimbikitsidwa: 1/3 ya sod, 1/3 ya masamba, 1/6 ya humus, 1/6 ya mchenga wonyezimira.
Kuwaza Hibiscus imachitika kumayambiriro kwa masika, pamene chomeracho chachoka ku nyengo yozizira, koma sichinafike pachimake. Mizu yodetsedwa imachotsedwa kwathunthu, ndipo chipinda chotsiriza chadothi sichikulangizidwa kuti chiwonongeke - chotsani masentimita angapo a nthaka kuchokera pamwamba. Musanayambe kukopera ndi koyenera kutchera, osasunga malamulo omwe mungayambe.
Nthawi zambiri kuthirira zimadalira nyengo ndi nyengo yonse yaderalo. Chomeracho sichifunikira nthawi zambiri ndi kuthirira mwamphamvu, iwe umayenera kutsatira pamene dothi limauma, ndipo pokhapokha ndiye madzi.
Mu kutentha kwa chilimwe, madzi amafunika tsiku ndi tsiku, ndipo sichivulaza fumbi kumapazi. Hibiscus sichinthu chokwanira ponena za mvula yonse, koma odziwa bwino nthawi ndi nthawi amalangiza spray mbewu. Zimathandizanso kuchepetsa nthata za akangaude.
Kupaka pamwamba Ndikofunikira kwa mizu yatsopano ya hibiscus, monga momwe akale amathandizira zakudya zambiri. Kuti pakhale maluwa abwino, feteleza a phosphate amagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo potaziyamu iyenera kuperekedwa pafupi ndi nyengo yozizira - ndi iyo, zomera zidzakhala zosavuta kuzizira. Dyetsani shrub ayenera kukhala osachepera kawiri pa mwezi.
Hibiscus amakonda kuwala ndi mwachikondi. Ngati iyo imasindikizidwa mu mthunzi, kukulako kudzachedwa ndipo chiwerengero cha maluwa chidzachepa. Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo, mitundu yambiri isakonzedwe kuti idzabzalidwe ndi dzuwa - kuwala kuyenera kukhala kochuluka, koma kusokonezeka. Pansi pa zochitika zonse, zomera zimakondweretsa mwiniwakeyo zaka 20.
Maluwa Hibiscus imatenga nthawi yaitali: kuchokera pakati pa mwezi wa June mpaka kumayambiriro kwa September.
Chomera ichi chimatchuka chifukwa chakuti maluwa amodzi amakhala tsiku limodzi lokha, kenako amatha. Maluwa opitirira atatsimikiziridwa ndi kuti tsiku lotsatira maluwa akugwa amalowetsedwa ndi atsopano.
Ndi chifukwa cha kukongola kwake kuti hibiscus yadziwika kwambiri ndipo yalandira dzina lachilembo "maluwa okongola a akazi".
Kudulira ndi ntchito yofunikira, popeza masambawo amawonekera pamagulu achinyamata okha. Izi ziyenera kuchitika panthawi yopuma, kutanthauza kumapeto kwa nyengo yozizira kapena mwamsanga mutatha kuziika. Nthambi zofooka zimadulidwa ndi kotala, koma kuchokera ku masamba ndi masamba muyenera kusiya masentimita awiri. Zomwezo zimachitidwa ndi nthambi zapamwamba. Hibiscus imalekerera kudulira popanda mavuto, kotero ngati kuli koyenera kuti ikhale yopangidwa, ndi odziwa bwino wamaluwa nthawi zambiri amapanga zosiyana zosiyanasiyana kuchokera ku zitsamba.
Mbewu chomera ndi mbewu kapena cuttings. Mbewu yofesedwa kuchokera mu January mpaka March mu nthaka ndi kuwonjezera mchenga ndi peat, kenaka ndikuphimbidwa ndi galasi ndikuwunika kutentha: ziyenera kukhala mkati madigiri 25. Nthawi zina magalasi amayeretsedwa kuti alowemo mpweya ndi kupopera mbewu. N'zotheka kuyika maluwa mu miphika pambuyo pa maonekedwe a masamba oyambirira, ndipo ndi zokwanira, maluwawo adzawoneka pambuyo pa zaka zitatu.
Kuswana cuttings ngakhale mophweka: ingoika kudula m'madzi, ndipo pambuyo pa kukula kwa mizu, chomera mu mphika kapena nthawi yomweyo m'munda. Ngati mwasankha kuyika chomeracho mumphika, ndibwino kuti mutenge nthaka kuchokera kumunda ndi kuidula ndi wachitatu ndi peat.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Chipatala choopsa kwambiri kwa hibiscus - aphid. Ndizotheka kuchotsa izo ndi mankhwala ndi mankhwala apadera, ndi kupewa kuti zikhale zoyenera kupopera mbewu madzi ndi phulusa. Pokonzekera chida choterocho, sakanizani madzi ndi phulusa la ndudu ndipo mulole kuyima kwa mphindi zingapo, kenaka mukaniza ndi kuwaza chitsamba. Zomera zimakhala zotetezeka, koma aphid salola phulusa.
Kulimbana ndi zochitika zina za tizilombo (mwachitsanzo, nkhupakupa) mumangofunika kutsatira ndondomeko zonse za chisamaliro, kudyetsa ndi kuthirira.
Kuthira kosasinthasintha ndi chifukwa cha matenda ambiri.: Choncho, masamba osalongosola amalankhula za kusowa kwa chinyezi.
Masamba otsika amachenjeza za chlorosiskuchokera ku chlorine wambiri mu madzi; ngati masamba apamwamba atembenukira chikasu, ndiye kuti pali chitsulo chochuluka m'madzi.
Madzi abwino kwambiri kuthirira - mvula, koma sizingatheke kuti tisonkhanitse. Choncho, zoyenera ndi ma plumbing, ngati muzisiya kuti ziime kwa kanthaŵi ndipo musagwiritse ntchito zotsalira kuchokera pansi.
Choncho, chodzala hibiscus chitsamba - njira yothetsera kusiyana kwa munda ndi maluwa okongola. Chomeracho sichifuna kusamalidwa kovuta kapena feteleza okwera mtengo ndipo ngati mutasankha malo abwino ndikutsatira malamulo, mukhoza kusangalala ndi chitsamba kwa zaka zambiri.
Chithunzi
Zithunzi zambiri za hibiscus chitsamba pansipa:
