Physstegia (Physstegia) - wokongola wosazungulira, ndi wa banja la Labret (Yasnotkovye). Ambiri olima dimba amasankha dimba lawo la maluwa, amakonda kuwonjezera maluwa okongola ndi maluwa. Maulendo apamwamba okwera okhala ndi masamba ambiri opepuka komanso owala amawoneka bwino.
Kwawo kwa zomerazi ndi North America. Mu chilengedwe, kukula pafupi ndi dziwe, pafupi ndi mars. Pazonse, pali mitundu ya mitundu 12, koma ndi umodzi wokhawo womwe umakongoletsa m'minda - the Virtualgia. Maluwa ake ndi mbewu za uchi.
Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe a physiostegia
Uwu ndi udzu wolimba nthawi yachisanu. Dzinali m'Chigiriki limawerengeredwa pachikuto ndi kuwira, chifukwa maluwa ali ndi kutupa. Chomera chimakhala ndi masamba osazolowereka pamtanda (womwe kutalika kwake ndi 60-120 cm), inflorescence yayitali kwambiri (mpaka 30 cm). Masamba amakhala lanceolate.
Pachimake kuyambira Julayi, sangalalani ndi masiku 50 okhala ndi maluwa okongola obiriwira a maluwa osiyanasiyana - pinki, lilac, oyera-oyera, ofiirira. Amapitiriza kukongoletsa mundawo mpaka kuzizira, ngakhale mbewu zina zambiri zam'tsogolo zitaphukira kale.
Mtundu umodzi wokha wa osatha uwu ndi womwe udakhazikitsidwa ndi alimi - Virtual Virstegia. Mitundu ingapo ya iyo yapangidwa, yomwe imasiyana mu mitundu ya ma peduniking ndi masamba, ndi kutalika. Onsewa ndi odzichepetsa, kutsitsa ndi chisamaliro ndizosavuta.
Zosiyanasiyana za Namwali Physiostegia
Mitundu ingapo idaberekedwa ndi njira yoswana:
| Gulu | Kufotokozera | Kalalaki |
Alba (Woyera) (Physstegia virginiana alba) | Amakula mpaka 80 cm. | Choyera, chachikulu, chambiri. |
| Crystal nsonga yoyera | Pafupifupi 80 cm. | Mtundu woyera chipale chofewa. |
Matalala a Chilimwe (Matalala a Chilimwe) (Physstegia virginiana chisanu chakutentha) | Kutalika kwa tsinde ndi 90 cm. | Choyera ngati chipale chofewa. |
Spire ya Chilimwe (singano ya Chilimwe, spire) (Physstegia virginiana sammer spire) | Bush kutalika 90 cm. | Yokhazikika pinki, spiky. |
Variegata (Physstegia virginiana mosagata) | Oletsa kugonjetsedwa kwambiri ndi mphepo, masentimita 90, m'mphepete mwa masamba amachoka pamalire oyera. | Pinki yowala. |
Rose Maphwando (Physstegia virginiana maluwa adanyamuka) | Giredi yapamwamba kwambiri mpaka 1,2 m. | Lilac. |
Chowoneka bwino (chowala, chokonda) (Virstegia virginiana chowoneka bwino) | Kutalika kwa kovunda (kosagwa) kama 60 cm, ndipo kakukula msanga. | Wapinki wapinki. |
Mfumukazi yapinki (Dera lachifumu la pinki) | Chimakula masentimita 70, chimalekerera nyengo ya chisanu bwino, chimadziwika ndi maluwa ambiri. | Wapinki, wokongola. |
Njira Zoperewera ((Fupa la mankhwala a Virginiana amphonya) | Tchire ndi lalitali masentimita 45-60 ndipo silimakula mosalamulirika monga mitundu ina (yokhala ndi ulemu). | Choyera, chachikulu. |
Kukula kwa physiostegia kuchokera ku mbewu
Kubzala mwa kupatulira kwa rhizome kumakhala kothandiza kwambiri, koma nthawi zina mumakula chifukwa cha njere. Ali ndi kuchuluka kwa kumera kwambiri, physstegia amakula kwambiri kudzilimbitsa.
Ndikwabwino kubzala mbeu zokhanso kumene.
Kufesa mbewu za physiostegia panthaka
Potseguka, mbewu zimayikidwa kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira, muthanso kubzala kumayambiriro kwamasika. Mbande zimatulutsa mbewu zambiri zolimba.
Kukula mbande
Kubzala kwa mbewu mbande kumachitika kumayambiriro kwa Marichi:
- Zofesedwa m'mabokosi okhala ndi dothi lam michere yakuya osapitirira 1 cm, wokutidwa ndi kanema ndi galasi pamwamba (komanso wobzalidwa m'mbale zapulasitiki);
- chipinda chomwe mbewu zimamera kuti chizikhala chotentha, ndikuyatsa bwino, kupatsa mpweya, kupereka madzi okwanira nthawi zonse;
- mbande zimawonekera pakatha masabata awiri, zitatha zake kuti kuphatikiza kwa galasi kapena filimu;
- mphukira zazing'ono zimateteza ku zojambula, kuwongolera dzuwa, nthaka imamasulidwa nthawi zonse;
- masamba awiri enieni atawonekera, wonani mphukira mpaka mtunda wa 10cm pakati pawo kapena aduleni nawo mumiphika;
- amalowa m'mabedi a maluwa kumapeto kwa Meyi, asanayambe kuchita zolimbitsa thupi kwa milungu iwiri, akutenga mbande masana kupita kumalo osungidwa m'munda.
Kubzala physiostegia panja
Mutha kusankha malo osakhalitsa padzuwa kapena pamthunzi wochepa - mbewu zitha kuloleza malo mofananamo.
Dothi ndiloyenera kusunga chinyezi - lingakhale loamy, loam sandy, dothi lakuda. Dziko lapansi liyenera kukhala lotayirira, lopatsa thanzi. Simungabzale cholefera kuti chikhala chouma kwambiri - kwa iye chidzakhala chowopsa.
Mukamatola mbande pabedi la maluwa, muyenera kuona mtunda pakati pa masentimita 25-30. Mizu ya maluwa amakula mwachangu ndipo imatha kumera mbewu zina mozungulira. Chifukwa chake, malembedwe amapangidwa - mpanda wapadera wa 30-40 cm, ndipo pamwamba amayenera kuwazidwa ndi nthaka osapitirira 5 cm.
Kusamalira thupi
Kusamalira bwino maluwa amenewa sikovuta:
- kuthirira nthawi zonse kumafunikira, koma nyengo yamvula kudzakhala mvula yokwanira;
- kusala nthawi ndi nthawi, kumasula nthaka;
- kuteteza ku namsongole ndikusunga chinyezi, nthaka yozungulira tchire ndi yolingika;
musanafike maluwa, pangani feteleza wa mchere; - masamba owuma ndi zimayambira zimadulidwa nthawi;
- feteleza wachilengedwe samathandizira munyengo yachilimwe - ndikokwanira kuchita izi kumayambiriro kwa masika komanso pokonzekera chomera nthawi yachisanu;
Adabzala mbande pachimake kwa zaka 2-3. Mwathunthu, popanda kupatsirana, tchire zimatha kukula mpaka zaka 5.
Kenako, kuti muzisunga bwino, muyenera kubzala m'malo ena (mutangochita maluwa).
Tikamavala dothi lambiri, tchire limatha kukula mpaka 1.5 m ndikukula ndipo limamera kwambiri, ndikufotokozera mbewu zina m'maluwa. Kutalika kwambiri, kukuzika, ndikofunikira kulimbikitsa zogwirizira, kumangirira, chepetsa, apo ayi sangathe kuthandizira kulemera kwawo.
Physstegia pambuyo maluwa
Pambuyo poti inflorescence yonse ya physiostegia itatha, mbewu zimasonkhanitsidwa ndikuchepetsa. Koma akuyenera kudulidwa osati kwathunthu, koma kusiya hemp.
Kutolera mbewu
Mu Seputembu, mutatha maluwa, mutha kutolera mbewu. Zabisika pansi pa kapu yamaluwa, yayikulu kwambiri. Pofuna kuti zisabowoke ndi mphepo pamalowo, ndibwino kuti muziwachotseratu ndipo ziume, pokonzekera kufesa pamalo abwino.
Momwe mungakonzekerere kuzizira
Ngakhale kuti mbewu iyi ndi yachisanu-Hardy, kumadera komwe kuli matalala ozizira, muyenera kupatula nthawi yozizira. Tchire loyengedwa limakutidwa ndi peat ndi humus, ndipo pamwamba ndi nthambi za spruce. Chapakatikati, masiku oyambira ofunda, pogona pamafunika kuchotsedwa kuti mizu isadutse.
Kubala kwanyama
Kudzala kwamafuta m'magulu angapo m'njira zingapo:
- ndi mbewu;
- mbande;
- magawano;
- magawo;
- kudula.
Gawo logawa
Zomera zatsopano zimalekanitsidwa ndi chiberekero pamodzi ndi mizu kumayambiriro kwamasika kapena nthawi yophukira. Ngati ndi kotheka, kupatsidwa zina nthawi yamaluwa ndikotheka, koma kuyambira pakukula muyenera kudula zitsamba zonse, mudzataya maluwa a physstegia. Tchire loyambira limabzalidwa nthawi yomweyo.
Kuyika
Pa zokwawa mizu ofananira nawo njira zimayamba. Kumayambiriro kwa Seputembala, amakumbidwa ndikuwabzala kumalo osanjikiza m'mundawo, ndipo chaka chamawa amabzalidwa m'malo okhazikika.
Kudula
Mu nthawi ya masika kapena nthawi yotentha, masentimita 12 amatenga masamba awiri odulidwa, ozika mizu m'miyala. Kenako amabisala m'nyumba, ndipo kasupe amabzala pamaluwa.
Matenda a fupa komanso tizirombo
Mbewuyi imagonjetsedwa ndi matenda ndi tizilombo toononga. Munthawi ya mvula kapena kuthilira pafupipafupi, amakhudzidwa ndi bowa - mwanjira iyi, ndikofunikira kuchita mankhwala ndi yankho la fungicide (Fundazol, Skor). M'nyengo yamvula, pamakhala zosokoneza ma spider nthata kapena ma aphid. Amafunikira kuthandizidwa ndimadzi amchere kapena kukonzekera kwapadera (Aktara).
Matenda ochita kusokonekera m'malo
Physstegia m'magulu ogulitsa amayang'ana bwino, makamaka ngati mithunzi ingapo ikuphatikizidwa. Amabzala m'miyeso, zitsamba zokongoletsera, zopangidwa ndi njira.
Khalani ndi tchire limodzi kapena tchire. Poyandikana nawo, amakhala bwino ndi phlox, dahlias, maluwa, mlombwa, echinacea, daisies waminda, ndi lupins.
