Matenda a maluwa ndi maonekedwe a tizilombo pa zomera zimakhudza kwambiri zokongoletsera za maluwa, ndipo nthawi zina zingapangitse kufa kwathunthu kwa mbewu.
Choncho, nkofunika kudziwa njira zomwe zingatetezere maluwa ku tizirombo.
Mmene mungagwirire ndi mbozi
Nkhumba zambiri zimamenyana ndi maluwa omwe akukula mumthunzi. Amachokera pa mitengo yamtengo wapatali (kawirikawiri kumayambiriro kwa kasupe) ndikupita ku mphukira, kulowa mkati mwa maluwa.
Ndi kosavuta kuti mbozi zipezeke pamphuno, kudya zomwe zimapangitsa maluwa kukhala otsika. Mbalame imodzi imawoneka, posakhalitsa timapanga tambirimbiri timaluwa timene timakumana nawo kulikonse m'dzikoli.
Ndikovuta kumenyana ndi mbozi, chifukwa muyenera kusonkhanitsa nthawi zonse. Komabe, njira iyi sidzatha kuwatsogolera, chifukwa anthu atsopano amatha kutenga malo omwe adasonkhanitsidwa. Nanga ndi njira zina zotani zothana ndi tizirombozi?
Ngati simutembenukira kumathandizidwe a mitundu yonse ya mankhwala, omwe alipo mu manambala akuluakulu m'misika yamakono, angathandizenso mpiru wamba, ngakhale kuti mankhwalawa sangawononge okha, komanso duwa lokha.
Mukudziwa? Kutentha kwa Rose kumasowakupoperaufa wosakanizidwamu chiwerengero cha 100 g wa mpiru mpaka 10 malita a madzi.Mbeu ya mpiru imayenera kudzazidwa ndi madzi otentha, omwe angathandize kuthetsa vutoli. Tchire chololedwa chimaloledwa kukhala maola awiri kapena atatu, ndi bwino kusiya chisakanizocho kuti chikhale tsiku limodzi.
Mutha kuwaza mpiru pafupi ndi chitsamba - izi ziyenera kuopseza mbozi zomwe zimakwera pamphuno.
Njira zolimbana ndi nsabwe za m'masamba
Tizilombo ta maluwa timayamwa madzi kuchokera ku mphukira zazing'ono ndi masamba a zomera, chifukwa cha zomwe zimafooka ndi kuzimira. Komanso, iwo samanyansidwa ndi kuphulika.
Aphid wobiriwira - mitundu yambiri ya tizirombo, makamaka poyerekeza ndi ena. Tizilomboti tili ndi zobiriwira zobiriwira (nthawi zina bulauni) ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tautali.
M'nyengo yamasika, kuchokera ku mazira ophwanyidwa, mphutsi zimawoneka, zomwe zimadzakhala azimayi opanda mapiko. Mibadwo yotsatira ili ndi anthu osiyana mapiko, omwe amatha kuwulukira kumapiri oyandikana nawo ndikupanga maiko atsopano kumeneko.
Mukudziwa? Mibadwo yoposa khumi ya nsabwe za m'masamba zingamere kupitirira chaka.
Chiwerengero cha tizirombo timene timatuluka kumunda nthawi zambiri chimawonjezeka mu June, pambuyo pake amachita "ntchito yonyansa" mpaka kumapeto kwa dzinja. Kawirikawiri, malo okhala aphid kumapeto kwa achinyamata amawombera ndi masamba, koma masambawo sali ochuluka kwambiri. Mavuto oonongeka sangathe kutseguka, ndipo mphukira za zomera zimapindika.
Ndikofunika kuyamba kuyambitsa tchire kuchokera ku tizirombo timene timakhala ndi mphutsi zoyamba, kubwereza njira ya mankhwala ngati pakufunika: masabata 2-3 isanafike nsabwe za nsabwe za m'masamba zidzatha.
Pazifukwa zimenezi, njira monga Confidor, Iskra-M, Spark Double Effect, Bison, ndi Tanrek nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kupindula kwa ndalamazi ndizochita bwino kwambiri (ngakhale nyengo yotentha), njira yothetsera machitidwe ndi kuphulika kwa minofu. Mankhwala osokonezedwa ndi mvula.
Mukhoza kuchotsa nsabwe za m'masamba ndi zosavuta, kuchepetsa mphukira zakuwonongeka kapena kupukuta tizirombo ndi nsalu yonyowa. Malo ochepa a aphid amachotsedwa. pogwiritsa ntchito sopo (grated bar ya sopo yowonongeka mumadzimita 10 a madzi otentha). Nthawi yothetsera vutoli litakhazikika, imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yomweyo ku chitsamba choonongeka.
Mbalame yotchedwa Sawfly ndi tsamba
Sawfly - hymenoptera ndi tizilombo ting'onoting'ono tomwe timatha kudyetsa masamba a zomera, kuwapangitsa kukhala owonekera m'madera ena.
Amagwiranso ntchentche kuchokera mkati, ndiye chifukwa chake sichidziwika mpaka mutathyola mbali ya mdima..
Polimbana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, kuchotsedwa kwa masamba oonongeka ndi mankhwala awo ndi tizilombo todabwitsa, komanso kupopera mbewu pansi pa duwa, zimathandiza bwino.
Ndikofunikira! Tizilombo ta tizilombo ting'onoting'ono tingapitirire pansi mpaka chaka chamawa, Choncho, ndikofunika kuti muzitha kuchitira nthaka ndi njira yapadera.
Wodula masamba a njuchi - tizilombo timene timayendayenda m'mphepete mwa masamba a rosi timitengo tating'ono.
Zochitazi sizimayambitsa vuto lina lililonse, koma kufalitsa kwa zakudya m'tchire kumachepa, maonekedwe onse a maluwa amatha.
Monga njira yowonetsetsa, mungathe kulima udzu, nthula ndi udzu wambiri m'munda, m'mapesi omwe owombera masamba amawongolera nyumba zawo. Chotsani tizilombo kukuthandizani sopo yankho. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, n'zotheka kuteteza maluwa anu ku zotsatira za tsamba lokhazikitsa masamba pogwiritsa ntchito ukonde woteteza pamwamba pa tchire.
Mukudziwa? Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timakhala ndi mitundu yokwana 270.
Mitundu ya kafadala pa maluwa, ndi momwe mungawachotsere
Mitundu yoopsa kwambiri ya mbozi, yomwe nthawi zambiri imapezeka pa duwa tchire, ndi weevil ndi bronzovka.
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a weevil - Iyi ndi kachilomboka kakang'ono kwambiri (mpaka 1 cm), yomwe imayambira m'mphepete mwa masamba a maluwa. Ali ndi mtundu wakuda ndi imvi ndipo sangathe kuthawa.
Moyo wokhudzana ndi moyo umayenda usiku, ndipo masana amabisala pansi pa nthaka. Chifukwa cha njirayi, mungathe kunyalanyaza mabombawa, ndikuwona masamba owonongeka okha a maluwa.
Osati akuluakulu a weevil okha ndi owopsa kwa maluwa, komanso mphutsi zake, zomwe zimasiyanitsidwa ndi kukula kwake kokongola komanso mtundu wa beige. Iwo amangokhala pansi ndikudyetsa mizu ya zomera.
Ngati nthenda zambiri zimayambira pa chiwembu chanu, maluwa akhoza kufa, chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa masamba, malo awo othandizira amachepetsedwa, ndipo zomera zimayamba kufota.
Ndikofunikira! Nthawi zambiri, onani izi mabuluti akhoza kukhala pa maluwa obiriwirawoyomwe imakula mumthunzi wa mtengo kapena mumtambo wakuda, kumene imalephera kufalitsa mpweya wabwino. Komanso, kachilomboka adzakhala pali maluwa on zomera, kufooketsedwa ndi nthawi ndi ulimi wamakono waulimi.
Kulimbana ndi tizirombozi mwa kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ananyamuka tchire dzuwa litalowa, kusankha imodzi mwa tizilombo otchuka kwambiri masiku ano. Mukhozanso kuyesa kusonkhanitsa maluwa omwe amawonekera pamanja, koma pazimenezi mumayenera kuwotchi (iwo amabwera usiku).
Njira yotsirizayi ndi yovuta kwambiri ndipo idzafuna luso lochokera kwa inu, koma ngati simukufuna kusankha, ndi bwino kutulutsa maluwa kuchokera ku tizirombo (sizilibe kanthu pakasupe kapena m'dzinja), ndiye izi zidzakhala yankho labwino.
Zimatuluka pa maluwa
Mu nyengo yotentha ndi youma mukhoza kuona kumbuyo kwa masamba a roses ndi patina wobiriwira wofiira womwe umapereka mthunzi wa silvery. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mbeu zanu zinatengedwa thrips. Masamba awonongeka ndi iwo mwamsanga amatembenukira bulauni ndi kugwa, ndipo kufalikira kwaphulika kwaphulika ndikukhala ndi mawanga.
Komanso, zida zakuda zakuda zomwe nyongolotsizi zimachokapo ndi malo abwino kwambiri kuti akule nkhungu zakuda. Pochita nawo, chitsamba choonongeka chimachizidwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, zomwe ziribe vuto lililonse kwa tizilombo topindulitsa.
Walnut ndi kuthamanga
Nutcracker - kachilombo kena koopsa kwa maluwa, kufika kutalika kwa 2-3 mm. Ili ndi thupi lakuda, lofalikizidwa kuchokera kumbali ziwiri, ndi mimba yokhala. Ngati mutayang'ana mkati mwa matonthozi (ndiwo mapulogalamu awo), ndiye kuti mumapeza mphutsi komweko.
Maluwawa akhoza kuikidwa pa mphukira, maluwa ndi masamba, nthawi zambiri amafika masentimita asanu. Nthawi zina izi zimapangitsa kufa kwa mbewu.
Mungathe kupulumutsa maluwa anu ku tsoka lomweli mothandizidwa ndi mankhwala omwewa omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito polimbana ndi tizirombo tina, ndikuwaza madziwo kawiri.
Zotsatira zabwino zimapezeka pogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala "Mphezi" (2 ml ya mankhwalawa akuyeretsedwa ndi 10 malita a madzi).
Ndikofunikira! Mofananamo ndi mankhwala processing, ndi bwino kupitiriza ndikupanga zovuta, kutanthauza kuti kudula ndikuwotcha kukula komwe kumawonekera.Zipikisano - tizilombo timene timakhala pansi ndikudyetsa usiku. Choncho, nthawi zambiri mumatha kuona zochitika za ntchitoyo.
Ngati pali zowonongeka kwambiri, ndibwino kuti nthawi yomweyo muzigwiritsa ntchito tizilombo toyambitsa matenda (tizilombo toyambitsa matenda omwewo). Malingana ndi mphamvu ya kuwonongeka, mphukira imapatsa maluwa osalimba, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti ndibwino kuti musachoke pamunda.
Nkhumba pa masamba
Pakati pa tizilombo zomwe tizilombo ta maluwa timene timayambitsa, tiyenera kuwonetseredwa kangaude. Mwa tizirombo zonse zomwe zilipo, kangaude ndiwowopsa kwambiri ndipo imakhala chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa zomera. Okhudzidwa ananyamuka tchire mwamsanga amataya masamba awo ndipo ali pachiopsezo ku matenda osiyanasiyana.
Tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda (osapitirira 2 mm), chifukwa chake zimakhala zovuta kuzizindikira. Nkhumba zimakhala mitundu yonse, chiwerengero chake chingakhale anthu oposa 100.
Ndi tizilombo toyambitsa kang'onoting'ono, musadandaule, koma nthawi zonse muyenera kuganizira kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa timakula mofulumira, zomwe zimabweretsa mavuto aakulu kwa zomera.
Kudyetsa madzi a masamba, makamaka pamene chomera chikukula, tizilombo timathandizira kufooketsa maluwa, ndipo zimayenera kulipira malire chifukwa cha mizu. Mbeu zazing'ono zimakhudzidwa makamaka ndi kutopa.
Ndikofunikira! N'zotheka kuona tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kumbali ya mkati mwa masamba a duwa, kumene kumakhala ubweya wambiri, pansi pa tizilombo tochepa.Ngati mukufuna kuchotsa kangaude kwa nthawi yayitali, ndiye kuti mumayenera kulimbana nawo pazigawo zonse za moyo wawo.
M'chilimwe chonse muyenera kuyesa zomera ndi mankhwala apadera, ndipo kugwa, pamene chimfine chibwera ndipo tizilombo timayendera masamba osagwa, muyenera kuyera bwino ndikuwotcha masamba osagwa. Choncho, simungodzichotsa tizilombo toononga, komanso kuwononga spores ya matenda ambiri a fungal.
Rose cicada
Rosa Cicadas - imodzi mwa tizilombo tating'onoting'ono kwambiri (thupi la munthu wamkulu limangokhala 3-4 mm). Lili ndi mapaipi awiri a mapiko ndi miyendo yayitali yakuthamanga. Tizilombo timayambitsa masamba a zomera, kudya mnofu wa iwo ndikuyika mphutsi mu zimayambira za maluwa. Masamba a maluwa mwamsanga amatembenukira chikasu ndikugwa.
Kusankha, kusiyana ndi kupopera mphesa kuchokera ku tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, ndibwino kuti tizipereka mankhwala othandiza omwe amawagwiritsa ntchito (mwachitsanzo, "Aktar"), ngakhale kuti zidzakhala zowonongeka kuti zitha kuchitapo kanthu pa nthawi yachangu padziko lapansi.
Chomwe chimayambitsa maonekedwe a tizirombo pa duwa
Kuphatikiza pa zigawenga za tizilombo towononga, maluwa nthawi zambiri amavutika chifukwa chosoŵa micronutrients m'nthaka. Izi ndizovuta kwambiri pa chitukuko ndi maluwa. Choncho, kuti duwa likhale la thanzi komanso kuti likusangalatseni, liyenera kukhala pamalo a dzuwa, kumene kumakhala mpweya wambiri.
Ndikofunikira! Nthawi zonse mchere ndi zofunda zimathandiza kwambiri kusintha mchenga wa nthaka ndikuthandizira kusintha kwa maluwa. Zakudya zambiri m'nthaka zimakhalanso zovulaza.
Posankha malo oti mubzala, nkofunika kupewa malo osungunuka ndi amthunzi (mwachitsanzo, pansi pa mitengo ikuluikulu), ngakhale kuti chinthu chofunikira kwambiri ndi khalidwe la kukonza malo osankhidwa.
Matenda a Rose amayamba Amaoneka pa masiku amvula a chilimwe, monga chinyezi ndi malo otentha ndizofunikira kwambiri kuti chitukuko cha matenda onse apite patsogolo. Ndikofunika kumvetsetsa kuti zinthu zoterezi zimalengedwa ngakhale kuti zimakhala zolimba kwambiri pa tchire, pamene masamba sangathe kuuma kwa nthawi yayitali mutatha mvula kapena kuthirira. Zikatero, kupatulira n'kofunikira nthawi.
Nkhondo yolimbana ndi matenda iyenera kuyamba pa mawonetseredwe awo oyambirira, chifukwa ngati muphonya mphindi ino, chomera chofooka chidzaleka msanga kuphulika ndipo sichidzapulumuka nthawi yozizira.
Iwenso, powona mphutsi, mbozi, mbozi kapena tizilombo tina tomwe timapanga maluwa anu, tsopano mukudziwa zomwe mungachite: chinthu chofunika kwambiri ndi kukonza shrub yowonongeka m'nthaŵi ndikuletsa vutoli kufalikira.
