Imodzi mwa mbewu zomwe zimakonda kwambiri mabulosi a wamaluwa ndi wakuda currant. Koma patapita nthawi, mitundu yakale imadwala kwambiri, komanso imapereka zipatso zing'onozing'ono zomwe kukula kwake kumachepetsanso. Palifunika kubzala mitundu yatsopano - mwachitsanzo, zosiyanasiyana "Exotica". Tiyeni tifufuze mosamala mbali zake ndikupeza momwe mungamere bwino currant iyi ndikuyiyang'anira bwino.
Kuswana
"Zosowa", imodzi mwa mitundu yayikulu kwambiri ya currant yakuda, inakhazikitsidwa mu 1994 panthawi yolemba ntchito ya bungwe la All-Russian Research Institute for Breeding Fruit Crops ndi Research Institute for Horticulture of Siberia. Iwo analenga izo kuchokera mmera wa zosiyanasiyana "Nkhunda", kuphatikizapo mungu kuchokera ku mitundu "Orloviya" ndi "Yopanda kanthu". Pambuyo pa zaka zingapo za kuyesa kulima, zinabweretsedwa ku Register Register mu 2001. Olemba a zosiyanasiyanazi ndi L. V. Bayanova, Z. S. Zolotov, T. P. Ogoltsova, ndi S. D. Knyazev. 
Kufotokozera ndi makhalidwe
Kuoneka kwa "Exotica" kumakhala kosangalatsa, komanso khalidwe lake.
Chitsamba
Tchire cha currantyi ndizomwe zimakhala zobiriwira, zikulunjika bwino, zimakhala zobiriwira zobiriwira zobiriwira ndi zazikulu, zovuta zisanu-lobed masamba ndi petioles a imvi mthunzi. Pamwamba pa masamba ndi makwinya, kunyezimira ndi ofewa.
Maburashi a currant ndi ochepa, owongoka ndi obiriwira. Mavitamini pa iwo ali wandiweyani, zidutswa 8-10. Kunja, masango a currants amafanana ndi magulu a mphesa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zokololazo zikhale zosavuta komanso mofulumira.
Maluwa okongola ndi oyera. Maluwawo ndi pinki, akuluakulu, amakhala pa phesi lalifupi kwambiri, ali ndi maonekedwe owoneka ngati dzira.
Mukudziwa? Black currant imamva kununkhira osati zipatso zokha, komanso masamba ndi nthambi, koma mitundu yoyera ndi yofiira siimatulutsa phokoso.
Zipatso
Zipatsozo ndi zonunkhira komanso zozungulira, zozungulira. Khalani ndi khungu lochepa la mtundu wakuda ndi kukoma kokoma. Polemera, zipatso zimakhala ndi 3.5 mpaka 5 g, ndipo nthawi zina zipatso za chitumbuwa zimakhala zazikulu. 
Mafuta odzola ndi osakhwima komanso osabisa. Kukoma kwa zipatso kunalandira mapepala a 4.4 mfundo pa zisanu.
Zakudya za vitamini C m'zinthu zosiyanasiyanazi ndizoposa - 197.1 mg pa 100 g ya zipatso.
Werenganinso za mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya black currants "Dachnitsa".
Zina mwa zinthu zosiyanasiyana
Kuwonjezera pa kuti zipatso za currantzi ndi zazikulu kwambiri, zimakhala ndi ubwino wambiri zomwe zimakondweretsa wamaluwa.
Matenda ndi Kutsutsana ndi Tizilombo
"Exotica" imatsutsana bwino ndi tizirombo ndi matenda otsatirawa:
- powdery mildew,
- septoria,
- dzimbiri la dzimbiri,
- terry
- malingaliro a impso.
Mankhwalawa sagonjetsedwa ndi mankhwalawa, chifukwa chake amayenera kupopedwa ndi fungicides kawiri pa nyengo - asanayambe maluwa komanso atatha zipatso. 
Zoopsa makamaka ndi aphid, galasi mbale, jamu moto, currant tsamba gallitsa ndi nthata. Pofuna kupewa zochitikazo, tchire pa nyengo yokula imayenera kuchizidwa ndi kukonzekera BI-58 (10 ml pa 10 malita a madzi).
Chilala kukana ndi chisanu kukana
Mitundu imeneyi ndi yovuta kwambiri ku chilala. Ngati chilimwe chiri kutentha, currant imafuna kuthirira nthawi zonse.
Ndikofunikira! Chomera sichimalola nyengo yozizira kwambiri. Ngati mvula imagwa nthawi zambiri - musamamwe madzi owonjezera. Izi zingachititse kuoneka kwa matenda ndi zipatso zowola.
"Exotica", popeza idapangidwa ku Siberia, imakhala yozizira kwambiri ndipo imatha kupirira kutentha mpaka -26 ° C.
Kukula msinkhu ndi kubereka
Izi zosiyanasiyana zimabweretsa mbewu yaikulu - 3.5 kilograms ya ma currants ochokera ku chitsamba. Makonzedwe apadera a zipatso pa burashi amalola kukolola zamakina. Kupsa koyamba ndi zokolola zapamwamba zimapangitsa kukongola kwa amalonda ndi wamaluwa wamba. 
"Exotica" ndi mitundu yokolola, mbewu imatha kukolola kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa July, koma izi zikutanthauza kuti imayamba kufalikira mofulumira. Frost, yomwe ikhoza kuchitika pa maluwa, ikhoza kufooketsa mu zokolola.
Transportability
Malingana ndi chikhalidwe cha transportability, currant iyi imayikidwa 3.8 mwa asanu. Kuchulukanso kumachitika chifukwa chakuti zipatsozo zili ndi khungu lochepa. Nthawi zambiri amathyola panthawi yosonkhanitsa, ndipo izi zimapangitsa kuchepa kwa masamulo moyo ndi kuwonongeka kwa kuwonetsedwa kwa "Exotica".
Ngati chipatsocho chili ndi khungu losweka, limatulutsidwa bwino ndikusungidwa kwa nthawi yaitali. Pa kutentha kwa 10-12 ° C currants kusungidwa kwa masiku 10. Ngati mutanyamula m'thumba ndikusunga kuzizira, kuyambira 0 mpaka -1 ° ะก, mukhoza kusunga kwa miyezi 1.5. Ndi mazira ozama, moyo wa alumali umakhala kwa miyezi yambiri.
Kugwiritsa ntchito
Zipatso za "Exotica" ndizoyenera kugulitsidwa pamsika, komanso kuphika kunyumba. Ndibwino kuti izi zinyama zatsopano. Mphuno ya currant ndi yowutsa mudyo, yomwe imathandiza kuti izi zitheke kuchokera ku izo zokometsera zokoma, kusunga, compotes, juice, kudzaza kwa pies kapena dumplings, wathanzi smoothies. 
Olima wamaluso amatha kuupanga ngakhale mchere wambiri wa currant.
Kudziwa nokha ndi wakuda currant kukonzekera maphikidwe: currants pansi ndi shuga, kupanikizana, mphindi zisanu kupanikizana, tincture wa mowa wamphamvu, moonshine ndi mowa, vinyo.
Momwe mungasankhire mbande pamene mukugula
Ndi bwino kugula mmera kapena malo osungirako maluwa. Choncho mungapewe kusinthasintha zosiyana kapena matenda a zomera ndi matenda ndi tizilombo.
Poyang'ana mmera, nkofunika kumvetsetsa kuti mizu ili ndi lignified. Mbeu iyenera kukhala ndi mizu itatu yokhala ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 20. Mizu iyenera kukhala yamphamvu, popanda kuwonongeka kapena mbali zowola. Akuwombera - amphamvu ndi olimba.
Ndikofunikira! Makungwa pa mphukira ayenera kukhala opanda kuwonongeka, wandiweyani, okhala ndi mtundu wunifolomu.
Zaka ziwiri za sapling zidzakhazikika bwino. 
Kusankha malo
Pogwiritsa ntchito "Exotics" muyenera kusankha malo otentha, otentha. Ndikofunika kuti palibe mpweya wabwino. Koma chofunika kwambiri ndi kuteteza chitsamba kuchokera kumpoto kwa mphepo. Madzi a pansi pa malo osankhidwa ayenera kukhala kuchokera mamita awiri pansi ndi pansi. Mtunda wotere kwa iwo udzakhudza kwambiri chitukuko cha mizu yolimba mummera.
"Exotica" imakhala ndikukhala bwino pa nthaka yomwe ili ndi asidi otsika (pH siposa 5.5). Ngati msinkhu wa acidity uli wapamwamba, ndibwino kuti uzimitse nthaka. Pochita izi, malingana ndi acidity, nthaka ya mita imodzi imapereka kwa 300 mpaka 700 g wa laimu mu ufa.
Ndikofunikira! Ngati chitsamba sichidzapeza kutentha ndi dzuwa, mphukira idzatambasula kwambiri, ndipo zipatsozo zidzakhala zochepa kwambiri.
Nthawi ndi dongosolo lofika
Kubzala nthawi kumadalira mtundu wa mmera. Ngati chomeracho chinagulidwa ndi mizu yotseguka, iyenera kubzalidwa kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa October. Chosowachi chimayambika chifukwa chakuti mizu imafunika kusintha mofanana ndi nthaka isanayambe nyengo yozizira. Koma pambuyo pa nyengo yozizira, mpweya woterewu umayamba kukula msanga, chifukwa wakhala ukuzolowera nthaka.
Ngati mmera unagulidwa mu chidebe, umabzalidwa m'chaka. Amaphatikizidwa mwachindunji ndi clod ya dziko lapansi ndipo sizitenga nthawi kuti zigwirizane ndi zikhalidwe zatsopano. 
Site yokonzekera kubzala currants kumaphatikizapo kulumikiza malo ndi kuchotsa namsongole. Ndi bwino kukumba mabowo pasanafike - masiku 14 tsiku lisanafike. Penjelo liyenera kukhala ndi kukula kwake kawiri kawiri kwa mizu ya mbeu. Muyezowu ndi wamtalika 50 cm ndi 40 cm chakuya.
Phunzirani zambiri za zovuta za kubzala currants mu kugwa ndi masika.
Mtunda pakati pa tchire la currant kapena pakati pa chitsamba ndi mpanda (khoma) ayenera kukhala osachepera mita imodzi. Ngati gawo la chitsamba liri ndi zopinga zowonjezera, silidzapereka mbewu. Kutalika kwa mtunda wina kapena khoma ndi mamita 1.3. 
Ndondomeko yofika pang'onopang'ono:
- Onjezerani feteleza ndi zakudya ku maenje. Pachifukwachi, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito chidebe 1 cha kompositi, 200 g ya superphosphate ndi 300 g ya phulusa. Zosakaniza zonsezi zimasakanizidwa ndi pang'ono padziko lapansi ndipo zimayikidwa mu dzenje lililonse.
- Bzalani Exotica pang'onong'ono pang'ono ndipo muzuke khosi lazu ndi masentimita 7 mpaka 10. Ndikofunika kuonetsetsa kuti masamba ochepawo akhale pansi ndi masamba atatu pamwamba pake. Zitsamba zina zonse zimatha kudula.
- Pansi pa nyembayo perekani madzi okwana 7 mpaka 10 a madzi ndi chitsamba cha prikatat ndi nthaka ya peat, yomwe ingathandize kusunga chinyezi bwino.
- Dulani pansi kwambiri.
Mukudziwa? Kuonjezera zokolola ndi kulemera kwa zipatso za "Exotics", wamaluwa amagwiritsa ntchito chinyengo chotere: mitundu yambiri ya currant imabzalidwa pafupi ndi iyo, kuti iwonongeke.
Zofunikira za chisamaliro cha nyengo
Mutabzala, zimangokhala kusamalidwa bwino ku chitsamba kuti mupeze mbewu zoyambirira komanso zazikulu.
Kuthirira
"Exotica" amakonda madzi kwambiri. Kukhala ndi thanzi lake ndi kuchuluka kwa zokolola zam'tsogolo kumadalira mwachindunji pa izi. Ngati chitsamba chikusowa, kukula kwake kudzachedwa, zipatsozo zidzakhala zochepa ndipo zikhoza kutha. 
Chiwembu cha ulimi wothirira:
- woyamba kuthirira - kumayambiriro kwa kukula kwa mphukira ndi maonekedwe a ovary;
- chachiwiri ndi pamene mabulosi akutsanulira;
- Chachitatu ndi pamene zokolola zasonkhanitsidwa;
- wachinayi - m'dzinja, ngati pali mvula yambiri.
Ndikofunikira! Kufunika kwa kutsirira kungawoneke mosavuta pofukula nthaka pafupi ndi chitsamba. Ngati wouma - muyenera kuwonjezera madziwo.
Kuwothirira bwino kwambiri, muyenera kupanga pulasitiki kuzungulira chitsamba pamtunda wa masentimita 40 ndikutsanulira madzi. Kuya kwa grooves ndi masentimita 15. Njira iyi ya ulimi wothirira imadya kuyambira 30 mpaka 50 malita pa mita imodzi ya dothi.
Kusamalira dothi
Kusamalira nthaka, kumene "Exotica" ikukula, ndi yophweka:
- Onetsetsani namsongole ndi kuwachotsa;
- kumasula ndi kuzithira nthaka pansi pa chitsamba mutatha kuthirira;
- kumapeto kwa mwezi wa May, mudzaze pansi pansi pa chitsamba ndi kompositi, udzu watsopano kapena peat kuti muteteze nthaka, muteteze kutentha ndi kusunga chinyezi.
Tikukulangizani kuti muwerenge za chisamaliro cha nyengo za currants kumayambiriro ndi m'dzinja.
Kudyetsa
Zaka ziwiri zoyambirira sizikufunika kuti manyowa azitsamba - currants adalandirabe mavitamini ndi zinthu zofunika kuchokera ku feteleza zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mutabzala. 
Patapita nthawi, tchire timadyetsedwa katatu patsiku:
- kumapeto kwa March, chisakanizo cha madzi ndi nkhuku chimatsanulira pansi pa chitsamba (10 malita pa 100 g motsatira) kapena 50 g wa urea;
- Mu May, chitsamba chimathiriridwa ndi yankho la nitroammofoski - 150 g ya mankhwalawa amagwiritsa ntchito 10 malita a madzi;
- mu October, chisakanizo cha humus ndi phulusa (1 chidebe pa 1 chikho, motsatira) kapena chimbudzi cha humus ndi 10-20 g wa potassium sulphate ndi 50 g ya superphosphate.
Kuti mphukira zatsopano zizidutsa ndi kuzizira, kuzigwa kwa nayitrogeni fetereza sikugwiritsidwe ntchito kunthaka.
Werengani mfundo zothandiza kudya currants m'chaka.
Kudulira
Chitsamba "Chokongola" chidzakhala chamoyo ndi chonde, ngati mutachidula nthawi ndi molondola. Ndicho chifukwa chake atabzala kale amphamvu kwambiri komanso mphukira zamphamvu - zosapitirira 4 zidutswa. Pambuyo pa zaka ziwiri kuyambira tsiku lodzala, zofooka, zowonongeka ndi zowuma zimachotsedwa kachiwiri. Tsopano mukuyenera kusiya zoposa 5 mphukira pa chitsamba chilichonse.
Pambuyo pa zaka zinayi za moyo wathanzi, mphukira yakale, yowuma ndi yopanda mphamvu ingathe kudulidwa, kusiya nthiti iliyonse yamphamvu. Kudulira kotereku kuyenera kuchitika chaka chilichonse mpaka kufa kwa mbewu. 
Kuti mdulidwe ukhale wotere ndipo matanki a nthambi sagwedezeke osati kuvulala, muyenera kusunga pruner ndi mbali yodula pambali ya mphukira yomwe idzasiyidwe.
Mukudziwa? Currant simakula ku Australia ndi Antarctica kokha.
Kuteteza kutentha kwa chisanu
Mitundu ya Siberia, kotero imatha kulimbana kwambiri ndi chisanu. Komabe, kuti chitsamba chichoke mwamsanga m'nyengo yozizira m'nyengo yachisanu, ndi kofunikirabe kuyesetsa.
Kumapeto kwa October muyenera:
- Dulani chomeracho.
- Sungani nthaka ndikuyiyika mosamala kuti mupewe kuwononga mizu.
- Lengezani malo pafupi ndi thunthu ndi udzu, utuchi, peat kapena masamba owuma.
- Ngati chisanu chiyenera kukhala choposa -26 ° C, muyenera kukulunga chitsamba ndi chingwe cholimba ndikuchiphimba ndi makatoni kapena zakuthupi.
Mphamvu ndi zofooka
Zowoneka bwino za zosiyanasiyana "Exotica" ndi:
- kukula kwakukulu kwa zipatso;
- Kukaniza tizilombo tosiyanasiyana ndi matenda omwe amapezeka pa mbeuyi;
- chabwino chisanu kukana;
- mkulu ndi zokolola zoyambirira;
- chovala cha malonda;
- bwino transportability;
- ndilolitali lalitali moyo wa zipatso.
"Exotica" imakhalanso ndi mavuto ambiri:
- silingalole chilala choopsa;
- chifukwa cha maluwa oyambirira akhoza kufota;
- osagonjetsedwa ndi terry, anthracnose, impso mite ndi septorioza;
- Zipatso zokoma sizigwira kufikira nthawi yokolola, ndipo zimathamanga;
- zipatsozo zimakhala ndi peel wochepa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale chiopsezo chophwanya chipolopolo ndi kutaya madzi;
- silingalole chinyezi champhamvu.
Video: yakuda currant "Exotica"
Zowonjezera pamtundu wa currant "Exotica"
Zomera zabwino sizichitika - mitundu iliyonse ili ndi ubwino wake. Mtundu wa "Exotica" uli ndi ubwino wambiri kuposa zovuta, ndipo izi zimakopa chidwi cha wamaluwa, onse odziwa ntchito komanso ochita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Ndi chisankho choyenera chodzala malo ndi kusamalira bwino mbewu, "Exotica" idzakondweretsa wokhalamo ndi chaka chokolola.
