Clerodendrum ndi wokhalitsa wobiriwira wamabodza kapena chitsamba chotumphukira mu banja la Verbena. Mu chilengedwe, umapezeka ku Asia, Africa ndi Latin America, makamaka m'malo otentha. Ochita maluwa nthawi zambiri amatcha chomera "chophimba cha mkwatibwi", "chikondi chosalakwa", "mtengo wamtsogolo" kapena valcameria. Ngakhale mchikhalidwe cha clerodendrum, kwa nthawi yayitali, mchikhalidwe chamaluwa cham'madzi chimangotchuka, koma chikuchita mwachangu kwambiri. Pakalipano, malo ogulitsa maluwa ambiri amapereka mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mitundu. Komabe, kuti mutagula duwa popanda chomenyera, muyenera kuyipangira.
Kufotokozera kwamasamba
Clerodendrum ndi mtundu wamitundu yobiriwira nthawi zonse kapena yopanda masamba okhala ndi mphukira mpaka mamita 4. Mpesa zimapezeka pakati pa mitundu ya moyo, koma mitengo ndi zitsamba zimapezekanso. Zimayambira ndi zokutira ndi khungu loyera la azitona wobiriwira kapena lofiirira. Pamaso pawo pali masamba osavuta a mtundu wobiriwira kapena mtundu wa emarodi. Masamba ooneka ngati mtima, owongoka kapena ovoid okhala ndi mbali zonse zowoneka bwino kapena zokutira bwino amakula m'litali ndi masentimita 12 mpaka 20.
Pamutu pa mphukira ndi masamba obalalika ndi corymbose kapena mantha inflorescence, wopanga maluwa ang'ono koma okongola kwambiri. Amakula pachithunzi chazitali kwambiri ndipo amafanana ndi maluwa okongola modabwitsa. Bokosi looneka ngati belu linagawidwa m'magawo asanu. Dongosolo lake limafikira 25 mm. Kenako kumatsata kola wabwino kwambiri wamtundu wosiyanako, ndipo gulu lalikulu lalitali (mpaka 3 cm) limatulukira pakati pake.
Maluwa akupitilira kuyambira chakumapeto kwa nyengo yam'mawa mpaka kugwa koyambirira. Mabulogi nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mtundu wowala kapena wowoneka bwino, ndipo mumtundu wa petals mumakhala pinki, lilac kapena ofiira. Maluwa a clerodendrum amaphatikizidwa ndi fungo labwino. Zimachokeranso masamba. Komanso, mtundu uliwonse wa mbewu uli ndi fungo lake lapadera. Corollas amalowera kale kuposa mabatani.
Pambuyo kupukutira, zipatso zonyansa zamtundu wa lalanje zimawonekera. Kutalika kwawo kumafika masentimita 1. Mkati mwa mbewu yokhayo yobisika.
Mitundu ya Klerodendrum
Ponseponse, mitundu yopitilira 300 imalembetsedwa kumtundu, koma si zochuluka zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga maluwa.
Clerodendrum ya Madame Thompson (Thompson). Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri ndi liana lodzigudubuza ndi masamba opyapyala, osalala. Masamba obiriwira amtundu wakuda wobiriwira amakula mpaka 12 cm. Tsamba lamasamba lomwe limatupa pakati pa mitsemayo limakhala louma ndipo limatha kumapeto. Mu Marichi-Juni, maburashi otayirira pazovala zazitali amatuluka pamwamba pamitengo. Mabulashi oyera ngati mabelu azungulira masamba ang'onoang'ono ofiira. Choyera kapena chokoleti chambiri chimatuluka pakati. Kunja, duwa ndilofanana kwambiri ndi njenjete yokhala ndiinyanga yayitali.
Clerodendrum Uganda. Mpesa wobiriwira nthawi zonse umaphukira mpaka 2 m kutalika. Amakutidwa ndi masamba obiriwira obiriwira, pomwe masamba otayirira amakula ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono amtambo. Zovala zamtunduwu ndizitali komanso zopaka utoto. Phale lam'munsi limakulitsidwa, limakhala ndi mthunzi wakuda. Zosiyanasiyana zimafunikira kuwunikira kowala bwino ndi kuthirira kambiri.
Clerodendrum wanzeru. Chitsamba chobiriwira nthawi zonse chomwe chimakhala ndi mapiko atali. Masamba ake amakula moyang'anizana kapena mosinthana ndi masamba atatu. Pepala lozungulira lomwe limakhala lozungulira limafika kutalika kwa 8 cm ndi 6 cm mulifupi. M'mphepete mwa tsamba ndikotetemera, m'munsi mwake mumakhala ngati mtima. Zovala zazifupi zofowoka ndi masamba owoneka ofiira ofiira amadzuka kuchokera kuzizindikiro zamasamba. M'malo abwino, limamasuwa chaka chonse.
Clerodendrum Wallich (Prospero). Pa nthambi zazitali zosinthika ndi mtundu wobiriwira, masamba obiriwira obiriwira obiriwira amakula. Kutalika kwawo ndi masentimita 5-8. Pakati pawo inflorescence yayikulu imachita maluwa ndi maluwa oyera. Chitsamba chokha ndichabwino, koma chodwala. Amafunikira nthawi yayitali masana komanso chinyezi chambiri.
Clerodendrum Filipino. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana, yosowa kwambiri m'dziko lathu, imakhala ndi fungo labwino la maluwa, momwe zolemba za vanilla ndi jasmine zimasakanizidwa. Pofika madzulo, fungo limakulirakulira. Mpanda wakhungu la corymbose limatulutsa maluwa ambiri pamtunda wawutali. Mphukira zimawoneka ngati maluwa (mpaka 3 masentimita) maluwa. Kutalika kwa inflorescence imodzi kumafika 20 cm, motero kumafanana ndi maluwa. Mphukira imakutidwa ndi masamba obiriwira obiriwira okhala ndi mawonekedwe owundikira. Maluwa amayamba mchaka chachiwiri cha moyo.
Clerodendrum bunge. Mtundu waku China ukukula mwachangu. Mtengowo umakula wobiriwira masamba owaza, omwe amasonkhanitsidwa. Kukongola kozungulira kwamaluwa kuchokera kumaluwa a pinki ophuka kumatulutsa. Kutali, duwa lili ngati moto. Maluwa amapitilira chilimwe chonse.
Clerodendrum specosum (wokongola kwambiri). Chitsamba chophuka mpaka 3 m utali ndi mphukira za nthambi za tetrahedral. Chomera chobiriwirachi chophimbidwa ndi masamba akuluakulu mawonekedwe a mtima wokhala ndi chifupi chofewa. Amamera pa petioles. Kuyambira mwezi wa Juni mpaka Seputembala, inflorescence yofiirira yokhala ndi khungu lakuda, losangalatsa la lilac.
Clerodendrum inerme (wopanda zida). Chitsamba chokhazikika chokhala ndi mipesa yayitali chimakutidwa ndi masamba a emerald ovalidwa ndi mtsempha wapakati. Limamasula ngati maluwa oyera, ngati njenjete, okhala ndi zisonyezo zazitali zofiirira. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndiyosangalatsa. Imasiyanitsidwa ndi mawonedwe opepuka (obiriwira obiriwira) pamasamba, omwe amapanga mawonekedwe abwino a mabo.
Clerodendrum Schmidt. Chitsamba kapena mtengo wawung'ono umasiyanitsidwa ndi mphukira wandiweyani ndi masamba obiriwira owoneka bwino okhala ndi m'mphepete mwa wavy. Pokhala maluwa, maburashi ambiri amapanga mawonekedwe othamanga. Amakhala ndi maluwa oyera. Amapatsa kununkhira kosangalatsa.
Njira zolerera
Clerodendrum imafanana bwino bwino ndi mbewu ndi kudula. Kufesa mbewu nthawi zambiri kumachitidwa pakalibe njira yopopera. Mabokosi osaya ndi mchenga wosakanikirana ndi dothi la pef amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kuchita bwino kumapeto kwa dzinja. Chotetezacho chimakutidwa ndi zojambulazo ndikusiyidwa kuchipinda chofunda ndikuyatsa bwino. Condensate iyenera kuchotsedwa tsiku ndi tsiku komanso nthaka yothira mafuta. Asanaonekere mphukira yoyamba, miyezi 1.5-2 idzadutsa. Mbewu zikamamera masamba 4, zimayikidwa m'miphika ingapo. Nthawi zambiri, mbewu 1-3 zimayikidwa mumphika wotalika masentimita 6-11. Pambuyo pololera, mbande zimakula msanga.
Ngati mutakwanitsa kupangira stalk ya clerodendrum yokhala ndi mfundo ziwiri, ndiye kuti imayikidwa kaye m'madzi ndi kuphatikizira kaboni yoyambitsa. Kudula kumayamba bwino mu March-Julayi. Ndi mawonekedwe a mizu yaying'ono yoyera, mbewu zimasunthidwa mumiphika yaying'ono. Poyamba amakutidwa ndi botolo la pulasitiki kapena chokho. Pambuyo pakutha kusintha, kusinthana kumachitika m'mbale zazikulu. Kuti tipeze nthambi, zophukira ziyenera kumanikizidwa kangapo.
Zinsinsi Zosamalira
Kunyumba, chovuta chachikulu posamalira clerodendrum ndikupanga malo abwino omwe ali pafupi ndi zachilengedwe.
Kuwala Chomera chimakonda kuwala kosafunikira kwa maola 12-14 tsiku lililonse. Itha kuyikiridwa mozama mu chipinda chakumwera kapena kum'mawa (kumadzulo) kwawindo. Masana, kumeta kumafunika. Pa zenera lakumpoto la kuwala, clerodendrum sikokwanira ndipo phytolamp iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Popanda izo, maluwa sangathe kudikirira.
Kutentha Clerodendrum amatanthauza mbewu zomwe zimatchulidwa kuti sizikhala nthawi yayitali. Kuyambira Epulo mpaka Novembala, kutentha kwakutentha kwa iwo ni + 20 ... + 25 ° C. Pa tsiku lotentha kwambiri, muyenera kuyambitsa chipindacho pafupipafupi kapena kuyika maluwa panja, koma chitetezeni ku zojambula. M'nyengo yozizira, muyenera kupatsa mtengowo chakudya chozizira (pafupifupi + 15 ° C).
Chinyezi. Chinyezi chachikulu ndizofunikira ku mbewu. Iyenera kuthiliridwa kangapo patsiku, kusamba ndi kupukuta masamba ndi nsalu yonyowa. Njira zoyendetsera madzi, kuyeretsedwa bwino, kumakhazikika madzi kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti mabala osawoneka samasamba. M'nyengo yozizira, clerodendrum iyenera kuyikidwa kutali kwambiri ndi ma radiator.
Kuthirira. Maluwa amkati amafunika kuthirira pafupipafupi, koma kuthirira. Nthawi imodzi, gawo laling'ono lamadzi ofewa pamawonekedwe otentha amatsanuliridwa m'nthaka. Mu nthawi ya masika ndi chilimwe, nthaka ya pamwamba yokha ndiyowuma. M'nyengo yozizira, dzikolo limaloledwa kuti liume hafu, koma osatinso.
Feteleza. Clerodendrum imalumikizidwa kuyambira mwezi wa March kupita kumaluwa katatu pamwezi. Njira yothira feteleza wophatikiza ndi mchere wothandizidwa kuti maluwa azitsanulira imathiridwa mu dothi.
Thirani Momwe mizu ya clerodendrum imakhala yosalimba, kotero kupatsirana kumachitika ndi njira yopatsirana. Kuti muzu waziziridwa, poto yakuya ndiyofunikira. Pansi pali chosanjikiza cha 4-5 masentimita chopangidwa ndi zidutswa za njerwa zofiira, timiyala kapena dongo lotukulidwa. Dothi limapangidwa ndi:
- pepala la pepala;
- dongo;
- mchenga;
- peat.
Kudulira. Ngakhale muzochitika mchipinda, chomera chimatha kufikira zazikulu. Mwamwayi, imalekerera kudulira bwino ndipo imatha kutenga mtundu uliwonse (chitsamba, mtengo kapena mpesa wosinthika). Chapakatikati, dulani gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a kutalika kwa tsinde ndi kutsina nsonga za zikumera. Phindu la kudulira ndikuti maluwa amatulutsa maluwa pang'ono. Zotsatira zake ndizosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito zodula.
Mavuto omwe angakhalepo
Clerodendrum imakhala ndi chitetezo chokwanira ndipo sichachilendo kwambiri, ndikusamalidwa nthawi yayitali popanda chifukwa, imakhala ndi matenda oyamba ndi fungus. Matenda ena samuopa.
Mwa majeremusi, chomera chimagwidwa ndi kangaude ndi mbewa yoyera. Nthawi zambiri, tizilombo timaswana nthawi yomwe mpweya ndiwuma kwambiri. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda masiku ano tithandizira kuchotsa izi mwachangu. Makonzedwe akuchitika magulu atatu kapena atatu ndi masiku 4-7.
Nthawi zina mawonekedwe a clerodendrum amakhala osakhutira chifukwa cha zolakwa posamalira:
- masamba anasanduka achikasu ndikuwoneka - madzi okwanira;
- mawanga a brownish pa masamba - kutentha kwa dzuwa;
- masamba owuma m'mphepete ndikugwa pamodzi ndi masamba - mpweya ndi wouma kwambiri;
- internodes ndi yayitali kwambiri, ndipo mphukira zopanda kanthu - kusowa kwounikira.
Nthawi zina amalima maluwa sangathe kudikirira masamba onunkhira pa clerodendrum kwa nthawi yayitali. Kupanda maluwa nthawi zambiri kumalumikizidwa ndi nyengo yopanda matalala (nyengo yachisanu yofunda). Komanso, kusowa kwa feteleza kapena kuchulukitsa feteleza wa nayitrogeni kumatha kukhala vuto. Ndikofunika kuti ndikusintha dalalo kukhala dothi lolondola, ndikulisunga nthawi yozizira kwa miyezi ingapo pa kutentha kwa + 12 ... + 15 ° C ndipo kumayambiriro kwa kasupe masamba oyamba azindikirika.
