Minda yambiri yaing'ono ndi minda yayikulu imabereka akalulu a mitundu ya nyama. Nthambi iyi ya zinyama, ubwino wa mtundu womwe umalimidwa ndi wofunika kwambiri ngati kupuma mwamsanga. Nyumbayi imakhala ndi mtundu wambiri wosakanizidwa wa akalulu, chicol.
Malongosoledwe ndi zochitika za wosakanizidwa
Mitundu ya Jikol ndi yamtengo wapatali chifukwa cholemera mofulumira, choncho cholinga chachikulu cha kubereka akalulu ndi zakudya zabwino kwambiri. Achinyamata anakula mpaka kufika 50 g wolemera tsiku lililonse. Kawirikawiri nyama yowonongeka pamphaka ili pafupi theka la kulemera kwake kwa kalulu. 
Pakubereka mtunduwu, ziweto ziyenera kukonzekera kuti mavuto adzachitika panthawi yobereka. Pofuna kusunga mwambo wosakanizidwa, nkofunika kugwiritsa ntchito njira yokhayo yokhayokha, yomwe imapangitsa ndalama zambiri, kotero ndizopindulitsa kwambiri kubereka akalulu m'minda yayikulu.
Mukudziwa? Mankhwala a kalulu kawirikawiri amakhala ndi ana 10-12, omwe amabadwa patatha masiku angapo a masiku 30. Amuna ali okonzekera kubereka ali ndi zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri, ndi akazi - ndi miyezi inayi. Izi zikutanthauza kuti chaka chimodzi, kalulu wamkazi amatha kupangira ana 800.
Mbiri yopondereza
Akalulu a chikol ndi mtundu wosakanizidwa, womwe unagwiritsidwa ntchito chifukwa cha zisankho za French biologist. Mpaka lero, kampani ya ku France "Hipfarm" imakhala yokhazikika pa kuswana kwa mtundu uwu. Kampaniyo ili ndi nthambi zogulitsa nyama izi m'mayiko osiyanasiyana padziko lapansi.
Standard
Chovala cha jikol cha rabbit chimajambula mu mitundu yowala: kawirikawiri izi ndi mitundu yoyera, imvi ndi beige. Kujambula mtundu wa ubweya wa ubweya kumachitanso: izi ndi pamene tsitsi kumutu ndi mphuno liri ndi mtundu wakuda kuposa zovala zonse za ubweya. 
Mzere wa abambo:
- thupi kutalika 50-54 cm;
- thupi lolemera makilogalamu 4.5-5;
- mutu wawung'ono umakhala pa khosi lalifupi;
- mphuno pang'ono;
- kumbuyo kuli kozama ndi kosalala;
- kumbuyo kwa thupi kuli kwakukulu kuposa kutsogolo;
- mtundu wa diso - wofiira ndi mphasa yowala;
- maso akulekanitsidwa;
- mimba imatsitsa;
- kutsogolo kwa miyendo yochepa;
- mchira msanga ndi molunjika, mwamphamvu kwambiri kupanikizidwa ku thupi;
- makutu amfupi (mpaka masentimita 11), pubescent kumbali imodzi.
Onani mitundu yabwino kwambiri yokongoletsa ndi yochepetsetsa ya akalulu.
Mphamvu ndi zofooka
Hikol ndi mtundu wotchuka wa broiler pakati pa obereketsa akalulu, popeza uli ndi ubwino woonekera:
- kupindula mwamsanga;
- Chokolola chabwino cha nyama pambuyo popha (60% ya kulemera kwathunthu kwa thupi);
- kusamvetsetsa kusamalira.
Zovuta za mtunduwo zimangotengedwa kuti ndi zosatheka za kubereka mwachibadwa popanda kutayika kwa makhalidwe osakanizidwa. Kuyera kwa mbeu yobereketsa kungapezeke kokha ndi kupanga insemination. Pamene amuna ndi akazi amawoloka mtundu wa chikopa, chiyero cha mtunduwo chimatayika patatha mibadwo 2-3.Kusamalira ndi kusamalira
Pofuna kupeza zotsatira zabwino, wofalitsa kalulu ayenera kupereka zikhalidwe zabwino kwambiri kuti asunge ziweto zolimbitsa thupi: malo odzaza ndi ofunda, mabedi owuma, zakudya zabwino. Nkofunika kuti musaiwale za katemera wanthawi yake, chifukwa nyamazi zimakhala ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matendawa.
Mukudziwa? Akalulu ali ndi mphamvu kwambiri kumbuyo kwa miyendo yomwe imawalola kuti azidumphira kutali. Nyama izi zimadumphira pamwamba pa theka la mamita kuchokera pansi ndipo phokoso limodzi limagunda mtunda wa mamita 1.2.
Kusankhidwa ndi makonzedwe a maselo
Mukasunga akalulu a mtundu woperekedwa muzitseko, zotsatirazi ziyenera kuganiziridwa:
- Kalulu jikol muli ndi maselo okhala pansi. Popeza nsomba za nyama zimakonzedwa bwinobwino, malo osungunuka sangawapweteke. Pansi pa mawonekedwe a gridi kapena gridiyo amachititsa kuyeretsa khola mosavuta, pamene imadutsa mosasuka zonyansa. Zolembedwazo zimapangidwa ndi matabwa kapena zitsulo, zomwe zimakhala zabwino, popeza makoswe amatha zaka zingapo kupanga matabwa a khola osagwiritsidwa ntchito.
- Pansi pamakhala ndi udzu wouma, womwe umasinthidwa kukhala watsopano 2-3 pa sabata. Monga zinyalala, mukhoza kutenga mitengo ya utuchi osati miyala yowonongeka. Chidebecho chiyenera kukhala chozizira komanso chofunda.
- Maselo a kalulu akhoza kuikidwa m'magulu angapo - mmodzi pamwambapa. Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti pasakhale malo ochepetsetsa pansi kapena pansi pa kaluluyo; payenera kukhala miyendo kapena mbuzi pansi pake (osachepera 40-50 cm). Izi ndizofunikira kupanga mpweya pakati pa mpweya wozizira pafupi ndi pansi ndi pansi pa khola.
- Kukula kwazitsulo za akalulu ndi ana: kutalika kwa nyumba kumakhala pakati pa 175 ndi 185 masentimita, m'lifupi ndi mamita 1, kutalika kwake ndi 55-70 masentimita. Akalulu ayenera kukhala ndi malo okwanira kusuntha kwaulere. Dongosolo la "maternity ward" lamatabwa limayikidwa m'nyumba za kalulu kutsogolo kwa okol: bokosi laling'ono la matabwa lomwe lili ndi mwayi wolowa. Masiku angapo musanayambe kukomoka, mkazi amachotsa chimbudzi kuchokera ku malaya ake a ubweya ndipo amaika pansi pa bokosilo, ndipo amakonzekera ana kuti azisangalala ndi bedi lofewa. Nthawi ikafika, kalulu amapita kuchipatala, kumene ana amabadwa. Adzakhala kumeneko mpaka atakula.
- Amuna amatenga kulemera kwa makilogalamu 5, kotero aliyense amafunika khola limodzi mpaka 130 cm, mpaka masentimita 80 m'lifupi, kufika pamwamba masentimita 60.
- Gulu likasunga zinyama zingapo m'khola limodzi, miyeso yake ikuwerengedwa motere: pakuti kalulu umodzi, kalulu kutalika ndi mita imodzi, m'lifupi ndi kutalika ndi 60 cm.
- Kalulu wa kalulu ayenera kukhala ndi chipinda chodyera. Kawirikawiri, udzu wouma amadya kunja kwa khola kotero kuti akalulu amatha kudya udzu wouma mosavuta, koma sangabalalitse chakudya pakhomo.
- Pofuna kubzala tirigu ndi kudyetsa mkati mwa khola, tiyi timayimilira kumbali ya makoma. Kuchokera pansi pa khola kupita ku sitayi yodyetsa, mtunda wa masentimita 20 umaperekedwa, izi zimalepheretsa zinyama kuzikweza m'matangadza.
- Mitsuko yamadzi akumwa imayikidwa pa khoma la mkatikatikati mwa khola kutali ndi pansi (15-20 cm), kuti chinyama chizimwa popanda kuimirira pa miyendo yake yamphongo.
Zomwe amangidwa
M'nyengo yotentha, kalulu wosakanizidwa akhoza kuikidwa onse kunja ndi m'nyumba. Ndikofunika kusankha malo omwe amatetezedwa ku ozizira kumpoto ndi ma drafts. Sichiyeneretsanso kugunda padenga la khola pang'onopang'ono, monga nyama zidzatenthere ndi kutentha m'chilimwe.
Ndikofunikira! Kalulu wa bunny amabereka ana kuyambira masiku 28 mpaka 31 ndipo nthawi yomweyo amakonzekera kukwatirana ndi manyowa nthawi yomweyo atatha. Insemination yamakono kawirikawiri imachitika patapita masiku atatu kuchokera pamene mwana wabadwa, ndipo kalulu amatengedwa kuti abereke ana.
Kwa nyengo yozizira, maselo amasamutsira ku chipinda chabwino. Kutentha kwakukulu kwambiri kwa zomwe zili mu mtundu wosakanizidwa ndi 20 ... +23 ° C. N'zosayenera kulola kuti thermometer igwe pansipa + 16-17 ° C, makamaka m'nyengo yozizira. Azimuna amatha kukhala osayenera, akalulu amakhala mu gulu la anthu awiri kapena atatu mu khola limodzi.
Chisamaliro ndi ukhondo
Chipinda chimene maselo alimo ndi mpweya wokwanira tsiku ndi tsiku. Tsiku lotsatira, maselo amayeretsedwa ndi nyansi zofiira ndipo amasintha zinyalala kuti ziume. Kamodzi pamwezi maselo amafunika kuyeretsa ndi kusamba thupi. Pochita izi, amamasulidwa kwa kanthawi kuchokera kwa anthu, kenako amatsukidwa ndikusambitsidwa pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso mankhwala osokoneza bongo. 
Kuvomerezeka kwa disinfection kumapangidwanso mu Meyi, panthawi yoyamba ya udzudzu. Panthawiyi, udzudzu wa amayi umatulutsa matenda opatsirana omwe ali oopsa kwa akalulu, motero, kuopseza tizilombo tizilombo tonsefe, timadzi timene timayaka mafuta ndi phula kapena mafuta.
Mukudziwa? Kumva kwa akalulu kumakhala kofanana ndi anthu, koma amamvanso kumva phokoso lapamwamba kuposa zomwe zilipo kwa anthu. Makutu a akalulu amatenga malo abwino ndipo amatha kusuntha wina ndi mzake - ntchito yomwe akalulu amagwiritsa ntchito kuti adziwe komwe kumveka kuchokera.
Katemera
Akalulu onse m'munda amalandira katemera wa myxomatosis ndi matenda a chiwindi. Izi zikhoza kukhala katemera wambiri pa matenda onse kapena katemera osiyanasiyana pa matendawa. 
Chiwembu cha katemera wa akalulu ku matenda a tizilombo toyambitsa matenda:
- Katemera woyamba - mu masabata asanu ndi limodzi, pakufika kulemera kwa 0,5 makilogalamu.
- Katemera wachiwiri amachitika patatha miyezi itatu kuchokera koyamba. Ndikofunika kuti tizilumikizana ndi matendawa.
- Zilonda zonse zotsatila zikuchitika pakapita miyezi isanu ndi umodzi.
Onaninso za mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nyama ya akalulu monga: Soviet chinchilla, chimphona choyera, Kalulu wa buluu wa Viennese, Kalulu wa Rex, Butterfly, Kalulu wa California, Flandre ndi New Zealand kalulu.
Chiwembu cha katemera wa akalulu kuchokera ku myxomatosis:
- Katemera woyamba amachitika m'chaka, zaka zocheperapo zinyama zomwe zimapezeka katemera ndi miyezi inayi.
- Katemera wachiwiri - nyama zimatemera masabata 4 mutemera katemera woyamba.
- Katemera wachitatu - kalulu ali ndi katemera wodwala 5-6 miyezi yotsatira katemera woyamba.
- Katemera wotsatira wa nyama zomwe amapezeka katemera amachitika kawiri pachaka (kumayambiriro kwa masika ndi kumapeto kwa autumn).
Matenda ena omwe ali oopsa kwa akalulu.
Pasteurellosis, salmonellosis (paratyphoid fever), matenda a chiwewe ndi anyamata ena: Zinyama zatsopano zogulidwa zimatemera tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa m'masiku oyambirira atatha kupeza mankhwala mothandizidwa ndi katemera wambiri. Pogwiritsira ntchito katemera wothandizira payekha matenda, masiku 14 ayenera kudutsa pakati pa katemera.
Mukudziwa? Myxomatosis ndi chida choyamba chogwiritsidwa ntchito motsutsana ndi mitundu yonse. Mu 1950, kachilomboka kanayambika pakati pa akalulu a ku Australia, omwe panthawiyi adakhala tsoka lalikulu, pamene adadya udzu wonse, osasiya kanthu kwa zinyama zina. Chifukwa cha chiwawa, chiwerengero cha akalulu ku Australia chachepa kwambiri, ndipo myxomatosis yafalikira kumadera ena a dziko lapansi, kotero n'kosatheka kulera akalulu popanda katemera ku matenda a tizilombo.
Zimene mungadye
Muzitsulo ziyenera kukhazikitsidwa tiyiketi kwa chakudya ndi omwera, akalulu ayenera kukhala nawo nthawi zonse. Kupitilira nthawizonse kumakhalabe wodzaza ndi chakudya. Madzi akumwa zitsulo amasinthidwa kawiri pa tsiku. Munthu aliyense akhoza "kudya" maulendo 50 pa tsiku. Zakudya zimenezi zimakhala chakudya chodzichepetsa ndipo amasangalala kudya zonse zomwe akufuna.
M'chilimwe
M'nyengo yotentha, mwatsopano, wouma wobiriwira wa nyemba, dandelion greenery, ndi prickly nthula zimaphatikizidwa mu zakudya za kalulu. Zikhalidwe za nyemba zimadyetsedwa, ntchito zawo zimachepetsa kufunikira kwa chakudya cha granulated, ndipo potero amachepetsa mtengo wa kulima. 
Kwa makilogalamu 10 a zobiriwira zimakhala ndi mbewu zobiriwira, pali 25 g wa mapuloteni apamwamba kwambiri. Nyama zimadya: mwatsopano, masamba otsukidwa kale (kaloti, shuga beet ndi tebulo), tirigu, chimanga ndi zakudya zabwino.
Ndikofunikira! M'nthaŵi ya chilimwe kwa akalulu, chicol amakolola udzu. Nthawi yabwino yogula katundu imagwa mu June-July. Panthawiyi, udzu umakhala wodzaza ndi mapuloteni ndipo umakhala ndi thanzi labwino kwambiri.
M'nyengo yozizira
M'nyengo yozizira, nyama zimadyetsa zakudya zosiyanasiyana: amadya udzu wouma, wophika ndi masamba atsopano, tirigu, balere, tirigu). Chofunikira kuti phindu lolemera la olemera likhale loonjezera ndi kuwonjezera pa chakudya cha tsiku ndi tsiku cha chakudya cha granulated.
Zomera zatsopano, monga beets ndi kaloti, ziyenera kupezeka tsiku ndi tsiku mu chakudya. M'nyengo yozizira, chosowachi ndi chifukwa chakuti zakudya zowutsa akalulu zimathetsa ludzu. Kumwa mowa mwa oledzera nthawi ino ndi kochepa kuposa m'chilimwe. 
Kubereka ana ang'onoang'ono kunyumba
Mitundu yowakanizidwa ya mtundu uwu wa akalulu amasungidwa ndi kupanga insemination chabe. Kwa njirayi, zokhazokha zamoyo (nyemba), zogulidwa pa maudindo a kampani ya Hipfarm, ziri zoyenera. Zoyesayesa zonse zobereka mtundu uwu mwa kusamalidwa mwachibadwa ndi feteleza zinalephera. Pa kuyesayesa kotero, kunapezeka kuti pakadali pano ana amaletsedwa makhalidwe a mtunduwu.
Mukudziwa? Kumtchire, akalulu amakhala mumng'oma, ndipo amapanga makina ozungulira pansi pamtunda ndi makomo angapo. Banja la kalulu la akazi angapo ndi amphongo ali ndi udindo wawo wokhazikika, kumene mkazi wamkulu amalamulira. Mu khola kumene amuna amakhala, dongosolo lachidziwitso limapanganso. Mwamuna wamkulu ali ndi ubwino wambiri. Amapeza malo abwino kwambiri, amayamba kudya ndikuyamba kuchita zachiwawa poyesa kulamulira.Ntchito yokonza nyama ya akalulu chicol ndi ntchito yopindulitsa kwambiri. Ichi chinali chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwakudziwika kwa hybrid broiler mu zamasamba kuswana akalulu. Ndibwino kuti tipeze ogulitsa mbewu kapena nyama zinyama kuti tibereketsedwe pa zojambula, m'ma nurseries kapena kwa oimira akuluakulu a kampani ya Hipfarm.
