Coleus ndi mbewu ya banja lalikulu la Lamiaceae. Zimapezeka zachilengedwe ku Africa komanso dera lotentha la Asia, komwe kuli mitundu yoposa 150.
Kufotokozera Kwa Mitundu Yambiri ya Dragon Coleus
Tsamba ndi mtambo wa tetrahedral, osati lotupa, wokhazikika kumunsi.
Pamwamba pa pepalacho pali velvet yokhala ndi mitsempha ya mauna. Kukula kwa ena kumafika masentimita 15. Mapangidwe ake a masamba ndi ofanana kwambiri ndi nettle. Kusiyanitsa kwawo ndi mitundu ina ndi mawonekedwe omwe amakhala pafupi ndi chowulungika chomwe chili ndi ma denticles akulu ozungulira m'mphepete. Ali ndi mtundu wokongola wofiirira. Nthawi zina gawo lakunja limasanduka lofiirira. Chifukwa chakuzama komanso kutalika kwa utoto, mitunduyo inkatchedwa Black Dragon.
Tchire limapangidwa laling'ono, koma ndi korona wokongola kwambiri. Kutalika ndi 30-36 masentimita ndipo m'lifupi ndi 25-30 cm.
Maluwa ndi ochepa, opepuka buluu, omwe amasonkhanitsidwa mu inflorescence. Pestle wokhala ndi mafinya ophatikizidwa, akunja kofanana ndi nkhaniyi, dzina la Coleus limamasuliridwa motere. Mbewu ndi yaying'ono.
Kusamalira Pakhomo pa Chinjoka Chachikulu
Ngakhale idachokera kum'mwera, imakhala yosangalatsa nyengo yathu ino ndipo ndiyonyadira kuti ichoke. Ndikofunika kungoyang'anitsitsa mbewuyo ndikupanga nyengo yabwino kuti ikule ndi kutukuka.
Zoyenera kuchita ukagula
Pogula, malingaliro osavuta amatsatiridwa, nayi ena a iwo:
- Kuunika mosamalitsa ndikofunikira, pamasamba ndi zimayambira payenera kukhala matenda kapena tizirombo.
- Ndikwabwino kugula mu April, izi zikuthandizira kusintha.
- Sitikulimbikitsidwa kuti mugule maluwa okhuthala. Kusintha kwakuthwa m'mikhalidwe kungakhudze kukula kwina.
- Tengani mbewu yokhala ndi mphukira zingapo, osati imodzi, yokhala ndi korona wofiyira. Izi ndi umboni wotsimikizika wa mizu yoyambira.
- Dziwani zambiri zamayendedwe. Ngati idachokera kudziko lina, imafunikira kufalikira, popeza mitundu ina ya nthaka sinapangidwe kuti ikalimbe kwa nthawi yayitali.
Coleus watsopanoyu amafunikira kusintha, zimatenga pafupifupi milungu iwiri. Pakadali pano, ziyenera kutetezedwa ku zojambula, zowala ndi dzuwa, ndipo ngati zingatheke, zisakonzedwenso.
Poika mbewu, chidebe cha komweko chimasiyidwa kuti chizikhala chofanana kukula kwake. Ndikosavuta kudziwa ndi mizu, sikuyenera kuwoneka m'maenje akulutsowa.
Nyumba za Coleus Kukula
Sikovuta kukula chinjoka chakuda panyumba, chinthu chachikulu ndikutsatira kwambiri zoyenera kuti zikule ndikukula, zomwe zikuwonetsedwa patebulo:
Choyimira | Zochitika | |
| Chilimwe | Zima | |
| Kuwala | Wokonda dzuwa, koma salekerera ma ray mwachindunji, kuyaka kumawoneka. Pazenera lakumwera - shading. Zabwino kumwera chakumadzulo, kummawa. Pakaphatikizidwe kophatikizana kwa masamba, mphika umasunthidwa. | Ndikofunikira kuwonetsa, ndikusowa kwa kuwala, imatembenuka ndikutambalala. |
| Kutentha | + 22 ... +25 ° C. | + 16 ... +18 ° C. |
| Kuthirira | Nthawi zonse, tsiku lililonse, theka loyamba mpaka masana. | 2 pa sabata. Pewani kuthira nthaka m'nthaka. |
| Chinyezi cha mpweya | Mtengo woyenera: 70-90%. Ndikofunikira kupopera masamba 1 nthawi m'masiku 4, nthawi yamadzulo ndi madzi firiji. | Chokani kutali ndi ma radiators. Ndikofunika kugula chofutira. |
| Dothi | Chakudya chopatsa thanzi kuchokera pampepala kapena pamtunda wa sod, mchenga ndi peat. Malo okumbika pansi pa mphika amafunikira. Tengani mchenga, kamba ndi humus mu chiyerekezo cha 1: 1: 2. Zoyambitsa matenda opatsirana ndi manganese. | |
| Mavalidwe apamwamba | Feteleza zovuta zachilengedwe ndi potashi kamodzi pa sabata. Muyenera kusamala ndi nayitrogeni, kuchuluka kwake kumalepheretsa mtundu wowala wamasamba. | Ndindende amachepetsa ndi kuyika kamodzi pamwezi. Mutha kuchita popanda kuthira feteleza. |
Tikugona kunyumba komanso m'munda wa chinjoka
Kunyumba, coleus akhoza kubzala m'njira ziwiri: mbewu kapena kudula.
Choyamba ndi choyenera bwino masika. Choyamba muyenera kukonza nthaka: yosalowerera kapena acidic pH 5.4-7.0, kuwonjezera phulusa pamlingo wambiri. Ngati dothi silinagulidwe, liyenera kuti lithetsedwe. Tenthetsani mu uvuni pamtunda wa +200 ° C kapena kutaya ndi madzi otentha.
Nthaka yanyowetsedwa ndikuyala zinthu zodzala. Mtunda pakati pa njere ndi masentimita 2-3. Finyani ndi mchenga pamwamba. Kenako, chidacho chimakutidwa ndi kanema kapenagalasi. Kutentha kwakukulu kumayikidwa pamalo otentha: + 20 ... +22 ° C.
Mbewu zoyambirira zikaonekera, pakatha masiku 15 mpaka 20 muyenera kuyang'anira chinyezi cha gawo lapansi ndikudzutsa mbewuzo pafupipafupi. Choyamba chotsani filimuyi kwa mphindi ziwiri, pang'onopang'ono kuwonjezera nthawi yotsegulira. Ngati masamba owona awonekera, sankhani. Zomera zing'onozing'ono zidzafunika kubzalidwe nthawi zina 2-3, ndikupanga zochulukirapo.
Muyenera kuthilira madzi masiku onse awiri mosamala, osamala kuti musamwe madzi pamasamba. Pamene tchire limakula mpaka kutalika kwa 15-20 masentimita, limasungidwa mumiphika yokhazikika.
Ndikwabwino kubzala mbande panthaka pakati pa kasupe, pomwe nthaka imayamba kutentha, ndipo mbewuzo zikakulimba ndipo zimalekerera kusinthasintha kwa kutentha. Chachikulu ndikuteteza mbande kuti zisasakanikidwe ndi dzuwa.
Njira ina ndikukula pogwiritsa ntchito kudula. Nthawi yabwino ndi kutha kwa nyengo yachisanu, mwezi wa February. Mizu yopanda maluwa popanda masamba ndi masamba, timapepala tiyenera kukhala awiriawiri, ndipo kutalika kwa gawo lodulalo ndi osachepera 15 cm.
Mukadula, ikani phesi m'madzi. Mutha kuwonjezera mankhwala kuti mupange mizu, mwachitsanzo, Kornevin kapena Gumisol, kutsatira malangizo. Madziwo amayenera kusinthidwa tsiku lililonse la 2-3.
Pambuyo pa miyezi 1.5, ndikubwera kwa mizu, imasinthidwa pansi. Dzutsani pansi ndi masamba awiri oyamba.
Coleus ndikudulira ndikudulira
Coleus amasinthidwa m'chilimwe, kamodzi zaka 2, mbewu zina zomwe zimamera pakhomo ndizokwanira.
Nayi malamulo angapo oyamba:
- Kusankha chidebe, amatsogozedwa ndikuti poto wakale uyenera kukhala watsopano.
- Muyenera kusamutsa chomeracho ndi mtanda wina wa dothi, izi sizivulaza mizu.
- Gawo latsopanolo liyenera kukhala ndi peat ndi humus. Pansi pake, pamakhala matayala osweka kapena dongo lokulitsa.
- Pambuyo pothira, coleus iyenera kuthiriridwa madzi ambiri ndikuthira feteleza.
Chapakatikati, chitsamba chimayenera kupangidwa, chifukwa, kudulira kumachitika. Kwa mbewu zazikulu, njirayi imakhala yotsutsa kukalamba. Nthambi zouma komanso zosagwira zimachotsedwa, izi zimayambitsa kukula kwa mphukira yachinyamata kuchokera muzu.
Ngati mukufuna chomera chachitali, chotsani mphukira zam'mbali. Kupatsa chitsamba chowoneka bwino, tsinani nsonga, chotsani ma inflorescence kuti akhale okongola.
Popanda kudulira mwamphamvu, duwa lokhala ndi maluwa limatha kukula kukhala kalipentala.
Makamaka amtali wamtali komanso wandiweyani omwe amakula kunyumba kapena m'munda ndi womangika bwino kuti azithandizira. Poterepa, malo otsetsereka ndikuwongolera tchire amathanso kusintha.
Zolakwika zomwe zingatheke mukamakula Coleus
Coleus amatha kutenga matenda ena ndi tizilombo. Dziwani chomwe chikuyambitsa matendawa ndikupeza yankho lavutoli zithandizira chidziwitso chomwe chili patebulo:
| Matenda / tizilombo | Zizindikiro | Kuthetsa |
| Oyambira ndi tsinde zowola. | Kuzungulira mizu, kufewetsa tsinde, kumakhala madzi. | Ikani chomera mu dothi latsopano, onjezani madzi osyanasiyana, muchepetse kuthirira. Zina zimapulumutsidwa bwino ndi odulidwa. |
| Kupanda kuwala. | Kutaya masamba kumakula kwambiri. | Sinthani pawindo lowunikiridwa kwambiri, ndikuunikira ndi nyali munyengo yachisanu. |
| Kupanda chinyezi komanso kutentha kwambiri. | Sluggish drooping masamba ndi bulauni mawanga. | Pezani wonyezimira, utsi. Ikani chidebe chadongo kapena mchenga wofinya pafupi ndi poto. |
| Kuperewera kwa michere m'nthaka. | Mtundu wake ndi wotuwa, masamba okulu a korona amagwa. Maonekedwe a mitundu yambiri. | Onjezani feteleza wachilengedwe. Kudulira pafupipafupi baka. |
| Spider mite. | Kutayika kwa tsamba. Maonekedwe opweteka a mbeuyo. | Sopo Wotenthedwa. Yothetsera ndi ammonia - 30 ml pa 10 malita a madzi. A decoction wa adyo m'madzi otentha: 50 g pa 10 malita. |
| Mealybug. | Masamba amaso achikasu komanso makwinya. | Chithandizo cha mankhwala ophera tizilombo, mwachitsanzo, Njati, Actofit. Kuwaza tincture wa peel ya mandimu kapena lalanje (50 g pa 1 lita imodzi ya madzi otentha). Pukutani tiziromboti ndi mowa. |
| Whitefly | Kugwiritsa ndi yankho la phula kapena sopo wochapira mu chiyerekezo cha 1: 6. | |
| Ma nsabwe. | Kukula kwachepa, kukhumudwa konse. | Sopo yankho 300 g pa 10 l a madzi. Finyani masamba ndi nthaka zomwe zakhudzidwa. |
Mr. Chilimwe Wokhalapo akuvomereza: Coleus Black chinjoka - mchiritsi wachilengedwe
Coleus, kuwonjezera pa ntchito yake yokongoletsera, imapindulanso ngati mankhwala achilengedwe achilengedwe. Izi ndichifukwa chakupanga kwa mbewu ndi zipatso zake.
Kunyumba, gawo la coleus limagwiritsidwa ntchito, lomwe limatsukidwa bwino, lopukutidwa ndikuthira fumbi. Mukatha kuphika, tsanulirani mumtsuko ndikuwonjezera chakudya. Monga chakudya chowonjezera, zimakhudza machitidwe onse a thupi:
- Zimakhudza chithokomiro ndipo chimagwira ntchito pakuwotcha kwa maselo amafuta.
- Amachepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi.
- Zimathandizira kuyamwa kwa mavitamini ndi michere.
- Zimathandizira kukonza chimbudzi.
- Ili ndi mphamvu yolimbitsa.
Chinjoka chodabwitsa cha coleus Black chimakhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya masamba yomwe imawoneka yoyambirira pabedi lamaluwa wamaluwa komanso ngati chokongoletsera cha sill pawindo. Kuphatikiza apo, zinthu zofunikira mthupi sizingasiye wokonda mankhwala achikhalidwe.
