Pakali pano, mitundu yambiri ya tomato ndi zipatso zazikulu. Koma ngakhale pakati pa tomato zazikulu palipadera.
Ngati mukufuna kukula mbeu yomwe imachokera ku chipatso chimodzi mungapange saladi kwa banja lalikulu, ndiye muyenera kusankha zosiyanasiyana "Shuntuk giant".
Malingaliro osiyanasiyana
Monga dzina limatanthawuzira, zipatso zimasiyanitsidwa ndi kukula kwake kwakukulu. Oyenera kukula mu greenhouses, ndi malo otseguka, amafunika garter. Kum'mwera kwa Russia ndi gawo lonse la Ukraine limakula nthawi zambiri pamtunda. Koma m'madera onse a Russian Federation ndi ku Belarus, zomera zimakhala bwino mu wowonjezera kutentha, ngakhale kuti zidzatulutsa zokolola kunja.
Malinga ndi mitundu indeterminantnyh, chitsamba chimatha kukula ndi mamita awiri. Zimayambira ndizolimba, zamphamvu, kuti zisakule, zimapangidwira kupanga thunthu limodzi. Mu inflorescence imodzi 4-6 mazira oyimba mawonekedwe, koma kuti tomato ikhale yaikulu momwe zingathekere, ma ovari awiri ayenera kutsalira pa dzanja limodzi.
Ndikofunikira! "Shuantuk giant" si wosakanizidwa, koma zosiyanasiyana za tomato. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mbeu za zipatso zomwe zimakulira ndikutetezera kwambiri zofunikira, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti ndizoyenera kubzala.
Mbewu yambewu imakhala yofiira, ili ndi zipinda khumi za mbewu. Maonekedwe a chipatsocho ndi ozungulira, okongoletsedwa pang'ono pamwamba ndi pansi. M'munsimu inflorescences ndi zipatso, zochepa mbewu mu tomato. Pansi pa phesi, mpaka phwetekere yatha, pali malo amdima obiriwira. 
Zina mwa ubwino wa zosiyanasiyana ndi izi:
- zipatso zazikulu;
- mawonekedwe abwino;
- chokolola kwambiri;
- zokondweretsa zamoyo zokhazikika;
- zabwino mankhwala ndi kukoma makhalidwe;
- malonda ndi zosungirako bwino;
- Kulimbana ndi tizirombo ndi matenda a fungal.
Mukudziwa? Nyamayi yaikulu kwambiri, yomwe ili mu Guinness Book of Records, inakula mu 1986 ndi G. Graham kuchokera ku Oklahoma. Chipatsocho chinali ndi makilogalamu oposa 3.5 makilogalamu. Wogulitsa munda wamaluwawa akukula chitsamba cha tomato, chomwe chinali ndi mamita oposa 16. Chitsambachi pasanathe chaka chimodzi chinabereka zipatso zoposa 12,300.
Zipatso makhalidwe ndi zokolola
- kulemera kwa zipatso - 440-480 g, ngati simukuchotsa inflorescences, ngati mutasiya mazira awiri mu inflorescence, kulemera kwake kungathe kufika 750-1450 g;
- zokolola - 13 kg / sq. m;
- kukula msinkhu - pakatikati;
- nthawi yakucha - masiku 110-114 kuchokera ku mphukira yoyamba;
- cholinga - gwiritsani ntchito mawonekedwe opangira, processing;
Kusankhidwa kwa mbande
Njirayi iyenera kuyankhidwa moyenera, kukhala ndi chidziwitso chofunikira kuti asankhe bwino mbande. Chovomerezeka kwambiri ndi kugula mbande kuchokera kwa wogulitsa wodalirika.
Ngati pakati pa abwenzi anu mulibe munthu wotero, muyenera kupita ku msika. Nthawi zonse mumsika umakhala ndi chiopsezo kugula mbande zazing'ono, koma mwa kutsatira malangizo osavuta, mukhoza kuchepetsa ngoziyi:
- Choyamba, funsani wogulitsa za mbande zake, za zosiyanasiyana za tomato. Munthu yemwe ali wokondwa kwenikweni adzayamba kukuuzani za tomato, moyenerera kuyankha mafunso anu onse. Olima mundawa akhoza kudalirika, nthawi zambiri amalonda zamtengo wapatali, chifukwa chofunika kwambiri si ndalama (ngakhale, ndalama sizingakhale zopanda pake), koma kuzindikira "chizindikiro". Anthu oterewa sangapereke mbande zoipa (kapena zosiyana) za khalidwe, mbiri yawo.
- Zaka za mbande zisapitirire masiku 45-50. Mitengo yonse iyenera kukhala yofanana, pakali pano, fruiting idzachitika pafupi nthawi yomweyo.
- Kukula kwa mmera ndi 35-40 masentimita, payenera kukhala masamba 9-12 opangidwa pa tsinde.
- Pa tsinde ndi mizu sayenera kukhala yowuma, utoto, mtundu wa pigmentation.
- Masamba ayenera kukhala mawonekedwe olondola, owoneka athanzi, osakhala ndi ubongo.
- Ngati masambawo akupachikika, ndipo mtundu wa mbande umasiyana mosiyana ndi emerald, sizingakhale kuti zowonjezera zowonjezera zimagwiritsidwa ntchito muyezo waukulu kwambiri.
- Mbeu iyenera kukhala muzitsulo ndi gawo lapansi, muzitsulo zowonjezera gawolo liyenera kuthira.
Mavuto akukula
Kukula tomato bwino mchenga ndi dongo. Pansi pa mabedi amasankha malo otsekedwa kuchokera pazithunzi, ndi kuunikira kwabwino, koma kuti dzuwa lisalowe pa tchire.
Werengani zambiri za ulimi wa zamasamba.
Kwa tomato, zipatso ndi zofunika kwambiri. Tomato amakula bwino pambuyo:
- anyezi;
- beets;
- kaloti.
Angabzalidwe pambuyo:- radish;
- nkhaka.
Ndipo pambuyo pa mbewu izi, tomato imayamba mizu yoipa:- limodzi;
- dzungu, kupatula nkhaka;
- Tomato
- nthaka -14 ° C;
- mpweya masana - 23-25 ° C;
- mpweya usiku - osachepera 14 ° С.
Ndikofunikira! Kuthirira tomato kumafuna zambiri komanso nthawi zonse: ngati kuchuluka kwa mphepo kumakhala kosavuta, madzi onse 4-Masiku asanu. Kusamba kwa mizu sikuvomerezeka, ndipo kutentha kumayembekezeredwa m'chaka, mzuwo umakhala wochuluka.
Kukonzekera mbewu ndi kubzala
Masiku a 55-60 musanabzala pansi mbande ayenera kufesa mbewu za mbande. Kuti mudziwe tsiku lomaliza la kufesa, gwiritsani ntchito ziwerengero zotsatirazi:
- Pezani thandizo la kalendala ya alimi, nthawi yomwe mumakhala mlengalenga ndi nthaka kutentha kwapamwamba (mpweya: tsiku - 23-25 ° C; usiku - 14 ° C ndi pamwamba, nthaka - 14 ° C);
- Kuyambira nthawi yoyenera kubzala tomato pansi, muyenera kuchotsa masabata asanu ndi atatu, zotsatira zake ndi tsiku lofesa mbewu za mbande.
- chifukwa cha disinfection inayambitsa njira yothetsera potassium permanganate (1 g / 100 ml ya madzi) kwa mphindi 20;
- chifukwa cha cholinga chimodzicho, mukhoza kuchepetsa tsiku limodzi mu njira yothetsera soda ya ndende yomweyo;
- kuthandizani ndi Phytosporin - kukula stimulator, monga momwe tawonetsera m'malemba.
Tsopano muyenera kukonzekera gawo lapansi. Ngati mwasankha kuti mukhale nokha (mungagulire okonzeka kupanga mbande mu sitolo yapadera), gwiritsani ntchito zida zotsatirazi:
- peat - 1/3;
- chovala - 1/3;
- mchenga - 1/3.
- superphosphate - 1 tbsp. supuni;
- sulfate ya potaziyamu - 2 tsp;
- urea - 1 tbsp. supuni.
Mukudziwa? M'zaka 800 BC, anthu a ku Central ndi South America anali akukula kale tomato. Aztecs adapatsa chikhalidwecho dzina lakuti "tomato", kapena "mabulosi akulu". Anthu a ku Ulaya anadziŵa tomato m'zaka za zana la 16, chifukwa chogonjetsa.Mukhoza kulumikizana mu gawo lofanana ndi humus, peat ndi sod land, sakanizani bwino. Mu chidebe cha chisakanizo kuti mupange supuni ya superphosphate ndi 1 chikho chinasefulidwa nkhuni phulusa.
Nthaka ya mbande iyenera kukhala yotenthedwa. 
Izi ziyenera kuchitidwa, mosasamala komwe dothi linatengedwa - linagulidwa mu sitolo kapena losakanikirana popanda. M'munsimu muli njira zitatu zosavuta komanso zogwira mtima zowonongeka kunyumba kwanu:
- Thirani 3-5 masentimita mumphindi wosanjikiza, khalani mu uvuni kwa mphindi 20 pa 200 ° C.
- Thirani yankho la potaziyamu permanganate m'madzi otentha.
- Kutentha kwa mphindi ziwiri mu microwave, pa mphamvu yaikulu.
Pamene mbeu ndi nthaka zatha, ndi nthawi yofesa. Kubzala mbande ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito makapu a peat, koma mungathe kuchita ndi pulasitiki (500 ml), ndi mabowo pansi pamadzi. 
Masiku awiri musanafesedwe m'magalasi kuthira nthaka, ayenera "kuchiritsa" pang'ono. Tsiku lotsatira, ngati kuli kofunikira, nthaka iyenera kuthiriridwa (musanadzalemo mbewu, iyenera kusungunuka pang'ono) ndi madzi ofunda.
M'nthaka ndi chala timapweteka (1-1.5 cm), kumene timayika. Fukuta ndi dziko lapansi, spray it ndi botolo lazitsulo, limbanike mwamphamvu ndi filimu.
Tikukulimbikitsani kudziwa bwino kudyetsa mbande za tomato.
Mpaka mphukira idzawoneke, zomwe ziyenera kulamuliridwa ndi kutentha, ziyenera kukhala pakati pa 23-25 ° C, ndi chinyezi (dothi liyenera kukhala lonyowa pang'ono).
Pambuyo pa kutuluka kwa mbande, kuwonjezera pa kutentha ndi chinyezi, kuunika bwino kumakhala chinthu chofunika kwambiri. Sankhani malo a mbande pazenera zowonongeka bwino, koma kuti palibe ma drafts. 
Pambuyo pa masiku awiri mutabzalidwa, m'pofunika kuchotsa filimuyo kwa kanthaŵi kochepa (kwa mphindi 6-8) kuti mbeu zisadwale. Kutentha kwa mpweya mkati mwa magalasi kumatsimikiziridwa ndi kukhalapo kwa thukuta mkati mwa filimuyi. Ngati izo ziri, ndiye kuti nthaka yothira bwino. Komabe, m'pofunika kuti mchere ukhale wochepa kwambiri kuti nthaka isasanduke dothi. Pamene mphukira imaonekera (masiku asanu ndi asanu ndi awiri), filimuyi imachotsedwa.
Kusamalira ndi kusamalira
Pogwiritsa ntchito maonekedwe abwino (kutentha, dothi ndi mpweya, kutentha), mbande zidzaonekera mofulumira, ndipo zidzakula mofulumira.
Kutangotha nyengo, mungayambe kuumitsa mbande. Njirayi iyenera kuchitika pa masiku opanda mphepo. Tsegulani mawindo kwa mphindi zingapo, mukhoza kuyamba ndi gawo la mphindi zisanu. Yembekezani tsiku lotsatira bwino, kubwereza kusokoneza, kuwonjezera maminiti angapo, pitirizani mofanana.
Pezani nthawi yabwino kubzala tomato mutseguka.
Panthawi yomwe mbande imakwera kukula kwake, ndipo dothi ndi mpweya zatentha kwambiri, muyenera kukhala ndi mabedi okonzeka. Nthaka ya tomato iyenera kukhala yokonzedwa kuyambira autumn. Kuti achite izi, amakumba malo a mabedi, kuchotsa namsongole ndi kuwaza:
- humus - 4l / 1 square. m;
- superphosphate - 2 tbsp. makapu / 1 lalikulu. m;
- potaziyamu mchere - 1 tbsp. makapu / 1 lalikulu. m
Ngati dothi latha, laimu ayenera kuwonjezeredwa - 0.5 kg / 1 sq. M. m 
M'chaka, masabata awiri musanayambe kubzala mbewu, nthaka imabereka motere:
- kuthirira mabedi ndi yankho la nkhuku (njiwa) malita - 0,5 kg / 1 lalikulu. m;
- kuthirira ndi njira yothetsera matabwa phulusa - 0.5 makilogalamu / 1 lalikulu. m;
- kutsanulira yankho la ammonium sulphate - 1 tbsp. supuni / 1 lalikulu. m
Ndimodzi wothirira feteleza wofunikira kuti agwiritse ntchito 1 square. mita, kuchuluka kwa madzi kumasiyana. Ngati dothi lakwanira mokwanira, chidebe chokwanira pa 1 lalikulu. M (kwa mtundu uliwonse wa feteleza), ngati wouma, chiwerengero choyambidwa cha kuvala chimasungunuka mu mulingo waukulu wa madzi (1.5-2 ndowa).
Mabedi amasankhidwa malinga ndi ndondomeko yotsatirayi:
- mzere wamkati-mzere - 0.5 mamita;
- Mtunda pakati pa tchire - 0,4 mamita;
- osalimba - 3-4 chitsamba / 1 lalikulu. m;
- malo - chess order.
Pa nthaka yokonzedwa bwino, masiku atatu musanadzalemo, zitsime zimapangidwa molingana ndi ndondomekoyi. Khola liyenera kukhala la kukula kotero kuti chikho cha peat kapena mizu yokhala ndi gawo la gawo lapansi likhoza kugwirizana mkati mwake, ngati mbande imakula mu kapu yotayika.
Mukudziwa? Kwa nthawi yayitali, tomato amawerengedwa ngati zomera zakupha, monga mbatata, zomwe South America ndi malo obadwirako. Colonel R.G. Johnson, yemwe adadya ndowa ya tomato m'chaka cha 1820 kutsogolo kwa nyumba ya khoti ku New Jersey, anatha kusintha maganizo a anthu pa chikhalidwe ichi.Zitsime zotsirizidwa zimatenthedwa ndi madzi otentha ndi potassium permanganate (ndowa 10 g / 1 ya madzi), kenako amakhetsedwa ndi madzi otentha komanso ophimbidwa ndi filimu yamaluwa. Firimuyi imachotsedwa tsiku lomwe lisanafike.
Ndondomeko ya kubzala mbande pansi ndi yosavuta, muyenera kuchotsa mosamala chomera kuchokera mu galasi (ngati mutagwiritsa ntchito). Izi ziyenera kuchitika motero kuti dothi ladothi lisakhazikika. Ngati mugwiritsa ntchito makapu a peat, simukufunika kuchotsa chirichonse, chomera chomeracho mu dzenje ndi mphamvu. Pofuna kugwira ntchitoyi, tsiku loyamba mutabzala m'munda madzi madzi. 
Pofika pansi ndibwino kusankha mtambo, koma tsiku lopanda mphamvu.
- Chomeracho chimayikidwa mu dzenje kuti khosi la mizu likhale 2-3 masentimita pamwamba pa mlingo wa m'mphepete mwa dzenje.
- Yesani kuyika chitsamba mu dzenje kuti mizu isapite mozama (nthaka ikhoza kukhala yoziziritsa), koma nthambi ku ndege yopingasa;
- Kuthandizira chitsamba pa malo owongoka ndi dzanja limodzi, ndi lina, kudzaza dzenje ndi nthaka, nthawi zonse kudula mzuwo.
- Imwani tchire ndi madzi ofunda. Ngati mwachita zonse molondola, mutatha masiku 4-5 mizu idzakhala yolimba kuti igwire ndikudyetsa chitsamba.
Video: Kudyetsa mbatata pamalo otseguka Tomato kwambiri chinyontho chokonda zomera. Pachifukwa ichi, alangizi ena amaluwa amakhulupirira kuti ayenera kumwa madzi nthawi zonse. Izi siziri zoona, izi zimayenera kuthiriridwa ngati zikufunikira, koma mochuluka.
Muyenera kuganizira za nthaka ndi mvula. Ngati dothi louma (ndi bwino kuti lisabweretse), kuthirira ndikofunika. Ngati hydrated mokwanira, ndi bwino kuyembekezera ndi mankhwala.
Ndikofunikira! Ngati mbeu yanu idakwaniritsa kale zofunikira kuti mubzala pamalo otseguka, ndipo dothi ndi mpweya sizinatenthedwe mokwanira, ikani mbeu pamalo ozizira ndikuchepetsanso kuthirira. Chifukwa cha chiyeso ichi, kukula kumachepa, ndipo pamene zinthu zikhale bwino, chomera zomera pansi. Sikofunika kuopa, njirayi ndi yoopsa kwambiri, nthawi zonse phwetekere imayamba kukula mofulumira.Pafupipafupi, ndi mvula yambiri, amafunika kuthirira mlungu uliwonse. Ngati pali mvula yaing'ono, njirayi ikuchitika masiku 4 alionse. Zikanakhala kuti chilimwe chili mvula, kwa nthawi yaitali mukhoza kuchita popanda ulimi wothirira.
Mankhwala a tomato ayenera kukonzekera m'mawa, kapena maola asanayambe dzuwa (njira yabwino). Pothirira madzi, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito madzi okwanira komanso mutsimikizire kukhala ndi madzi otentha kapena amvula. Njira yothetsera yowonjezereka ingabweretse zipangizo zothirira. Yesetsani kuthirira zomera kuti madziwo alowe muzu, osasiya udzu m'nthaka.Sizoipa chifukwa cha kuthira tomato madzi okwanira. Zili m'munsimu: kumbali zonse za bedi, pamtunda wa 35-40 masentimita kuchokera ku chitsamba, mipando yotentha yopangidwa, 30-35 masentimita m'lifupi, ndi ofanana mofanana. Mitengo imadzaza ndi madzi pamwamba, madzi, atalowa m'nthaka, amalowa muzu.
Muyenera kukhala ndi chidwi kudziwa ngati n'zotheka kukula tomato popanda kuthirira.
Njirayi ndi yabwino chifukwa nthaka imakhala yodzaza ndi chinyezi. Ndibwino kuti mugwiritse ntchito asanayambe kubala zipatso. Zakudya zoyenera - chidebe 1 / chitsamba. Lembani ngalande tsiku lililonse masiku 4-7, malingana ndi kuchuluka kwa mphepo.
Pambuyo kuthirira kulikonse kumasulire nthaka pakati pa tchire, chifukwa chimakwirira ndi kutumphuka. Pamene mutsegula, ngati nkofunikira, mabedi amakhalanso namsongole. 
Masabata atatu oyambirira ayenera kumasulidwa osapitirira masentimita 8 mpaka 10. Pambuyo pake, kutaya kwazitsulo kumachepetseka mpaka 6-8 masentimita, chifukwa panthawiyi, mizu yomwe yakula nthawi imeneyo ingakhudzidwe. Nthaka ya dothi pakati pa mizere ingathe kumasulidwa kwambiri.
Mukudziwa? Mpaka pano, pali zoposa 10,000 subspecies, mitundu ndi hybrids ya tomato. Pang'ono kwambiri m'mimba mwa phwetekere wamkulu ndi oposa 1.5 masentimita, omwe amaimira mitundu yayikulu kwambiri (yomwe ikuphatikizapo "Shuantuk giant") kufika pa makilogalamu 1.5 olemera. Mtundu wa mitundu, kuphatikizapo mtundu wofiira ndi wofiira, umaphatikizapo mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamitundu yakuda ndi yachikasu.Musaiwale kuti spud tomato. Izi agrotechnical njira ndi zofunika kwambiri pa zifukwa zotere:
- kumathandiza nthaka aeration;
- yunifolomu kutentha kwa nthaka muzu woyendera;
- kumathandiza kuti mizu ifike pamwamba;
- Zabwino zowonjezera kukula kwa mizu mu ndege yopanda malire.
Nthawi yoyamba spud tomato patapita masabata atatu akulima m'munda, kachiwiri - pambuyo pa nthawi yomweyo. 
Masking ndi chipangizo chofunika kwambiri cha agrotechnical, chomwe cholinga chake ndi kuwonjezera zokolola za mbewu. Chofunika cha ndondomekoyi ndi kupanga chitsamba pochotsa mbaliyo. Mphukira izi sizibala chipatso, koma chomeracho chimagwiritsa ntchito zakudya zake mmalo mwake, mmalo mowongolera zinthu izi kuti apange mazira atsopano, ndipo, motero, zipatso.
Ngati tomato si pasynkovat, iwo adzakhala nthambi mwamphamvu kwambiri. Mu sinus amapanga njira zotsekemera, zomwe zimatchedwa ana opeza. Kuchotsa mphukira izi, timachoka kokha nthambi zomwe zimabereka zipatso. Malamulo ofunikira kwambiri:
- Mwamsanga pamene burashi yoyamba imamasula, muyenera kuchotseratu.
- Akuwombera kutsina, kusiya kapena kuchotsa, sayenera kudula.
- Chotsani ana opeza ayenera kukhala pa nthawi, kufikira atakwanira masentimita 4.
- Lembani ana opeza omwe ali pansi pa ofesi ya pansi kwambiri ndi mazira. Pazinthu zomwe ziri pamwamba pa nthambiyi, maonekedwe a mazira ambiri amatha. Iwo, mwa luntha lanu, akhoza kusiya.
- Ndondomekoyi ndi yothandiza kwambiri kuchita m'mawa.
Pogwiritsa ntchito pinchingwe, chotsani masamba onse omwe akukhudzana ndi nthaka. Tsinde, kumapazi apansi ndi mazira ambiri, ayenera kukhala opanda kanthu, kawirikawiri kuunikiridwa, ndi kupeza mpweya wabwino.Ndikofunikira! Masamba a zobiriwira zakuda ndi zizindikiro za wilting amasonyeza kusakwanirira okwanira.Kuphimba komaliza ndi kumangiriza korona kumachitika pafupifupi masabata awiri isanafike mapeto a chilimwe. Tsambani pamwamba kuti chitsamba chisakule.
Mitundu yosakayika imene "Shuntuk giant" imayenera, iyenera kuigwedezeka. Ngati mphukira siigwidwa, chitsamba chimakula kwambiri ndikukwera mmwamba. Zinthu izi zimalepheretsa kupanga zipatso zazikulu.
Pali mitundu yambiri yolumikiza (mu 1, 2 kapena 3 mapesi). Kwa "shuntuk giant", phesi la nthiti imodzi siloyenera, monga ndi chiwembu chomwe chitsamba chimakonzedwa mwamphamvu, ngakhale kuti zipatso zazikulu zidzabadwa.
Matenda ndi kupewa tizilombo
Mofanana ndi mbewu zambiri za m'munda, tomato, ngakhale omwe sagonjetsedwa ndi matenda, adakali ndi matenda ena komanso amawonongeka ndi tizirombo. Mawu ochepa okhudza zowonjezereka.
Chipatala cha Colorado. Mwinanso mdani woopsa wa tomato, amadyetsa masamba ndi mazira. Mwa ma herbicides omwe amagwiritsa ntchito kuwononga tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, tikhoza kusiyanitsa zotsatirazi: Bombardier, Mkuntho, ndi ena othandizira omwe amagwira ntchito ndi imidacloprid ndi glyphosate. Ikani mankhwala, kutsatira malangizo. 
Izi ziyenera kutchulidwa za njira popanda kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala okonzekera: tchire zimayambitsidwa ndi tincture wa chitsamba chowawa, phulusa la nkhuni. Pa maluwa, kuwaza ndi anasefa birch phulusa.
Ndikofunikira! "Shuantuk giant" pafupifupi 100% osagwirizana ndi kudza ndi slugs, ndithudi amakana matenda a fungal.Medvedka. Kawirikawiri tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timapezeka mu dothi ndi mvula yambiri komanso ndi manyowa. Makhalidwe, tizilombo tonse okhwima ndi mphutsi zawo ndizoopsa. Pogwiritsa ntchito mavesi m'nthaka pa mabedi a phwetekere, mavitamini amawononga mizu, motero amalepheretsa zomera kuti zikhale bwino.
Kuwononga tizilombo ta imidacloprid (Confidor) ndi diazinon (Medvetoks). Zochita za a Medvetokas, kuphatikizapo poizoni zomwe zili mmenemo, zimachokera ku kukopa kwa tizilombo tofungo. Pemphani mosamala malangizowo ndikuchita mogwirizana ndi izo.Komanso, musaiwale za agrotechnical njira:
- kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito manyowa;
- nthawi zonse kumasula mipata ndi malo pakati pa tchire.
Tsani pa tomato. Mbozi, ndipo kenako butterfly, imawononga mazira a zomera. Malangizo ena a momwe angawononge tizilombo toyambitsa matenda:
- Kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa Lepidocide masiku asanu ndi awiri;
- Detsis ndi othandiza kwambiri polimbana ndi zovuta.
- Kupalira mmimba mwachisawawa kuzungulira tchire;
- Pakatha masiku khumi ndikuyenera kuwaza tomato ndi tincture ya mivi ya adyo;
- kupopera mbewu zamtundu wa fodya ndi chitsamba chowawa.
Kuchokera ku matenda a tomato ndi bwino kunena mawu ochepa ponena za izi:White spotting. Matendawa amadziwika ndi mabala ofiira pamasamba, omwe amauma ndi kugwa. Pa choyamba chizindikiro, tchire tiyenera sprayed ndi 0.1% yankho la Bordeaux osakaniza.
Ndikofunikira! Bowa ascomycetes, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a Ramulariasis (malo oyera), m'nyengo yozizira pa masamba ogwa omwe amakhudzidwa ndi iwo. Choncho, pofuna kupewa kupezeka kwa matenda mu nyengo yotsatira, masamba onse ayenera kusonkhanitsidwa mosamala ndikuwotchedwa.Brown spotting (phyllosticosis). Pa masamba apansi kuchokera kumwamba amaoneka mawanga ofiira, pambali - mbali ya mawanga ndi greenish. Ngati matendawa sali kuchiritsidwa, masambawo amatha. Kupopera mankhwala a mkuwa sulphate (1% yankho) amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchiza.
Kukolola ndi kusungirako
Nthawi yoyamba kukolola, zimadalira malo enieni a kulima. Ku Moldova, Ukraine, kum'mwera kwa Russia kumalo otseguka tomato yakucha kumapeto kwa July-oyambirira August. Kum'kati kwa Russia, ku Belarus - patatha milungu 2-3.
Sungani zipatso pamene asanakwane kukula msinkhu. Mchitidwe woterewu umapangidwira kumasulidwa kwa zomera: sizingapereke mphamvu kuti mwana azisasuntha (zomwe zidzakupsa yekha), koma amapanga mazira oyamba. 
Mukawona kuti chomera chimayamba "kugona" (chodabwitsa ichi chimagwirizana ndi kuchepa kwa kutentha), ndikofunikira kukolola mbewu yonse. Pamene kutentha kwa mpweya wausiku kumakhalabe mkati mwa 6-8 ° С, ndiye kuti sikungakhale bwino kumasunga zipatso pa tchire, "sangafike".
Pezani chifukwa chake simungazisunge tomato m'firiji.
Pakakhala kuti chisanu chikumveka, ndipo tchire timayesedwa ndi tomato wobiriwira, izi ziyenera kutengedwa:
- Zitsamba zimakumbidwa pamodzi ndi muzu ndikugona ndi ming'alu mpaka mamita 1 pamwamba, nsonga kumbali imodzi.
- Maluwa amadzazidwa ndi udzu ndipo amatsalira kwa masabata 1.5-2. Pambuyo pa nthawi yomwe yawonetsedwa, tomato wokolola amasonkhanitsidwa, zovunda ndi zokolola zimachotsedwa.
- Nthawi zonse, masiku 2-3, kukolola, mpaka tomato onse atsekedwa.
Osati moipa njira iyi yakucha:
- Sungani zipatso zonse zobiriwira.
- Ikani filimu yamaluwa pansi pa wowonjezera kutentha, yikani chomera chochepa cha mbeu pa icho, chophimba ndi udzu.
- Ikani kutentha kwa mpweya mu wowonjezera kutentha pa 17-22 ° C, ndi pafupifupi chisanu cha 75-80%.
- Monga kukolola kucha, chotsani kuwonongeka ndi kuvunda.
Mukudziwa? Pamwamba pa 94% ya phwetekere ndi madzi, 100 g ya tomato zokha 22 makilogalamu, kotero ndi pafupifupi yabwino mankhwala olemera."Shuntuk giant" mwamtheradi amatsutsa dzina lake, okondweretsa wamaluwa ndi zipatso zazikulu ndi kudzichepetsa. Ambiri wamaluwa wamaluwa omwe adayesera kukula ndi zimphonazi amakhala omvera awo. Yesetsani kubzala izi mmunda mwanu, ndizotheka kuti mwamsanga mudzayambe kuyanjana ndi "Shuntuk giant".
