Haworthia (lat. Haworthia) - mtundu wa suppulents, maluwa pang'ono udzu. Posachedwa, haworthia yatchuka kwambiri ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito osati pakupanga kwamaluwa, komanso popanga minda yamaluwa m'malo obisalamo, mukakongoletsa nyumba.
Mwachilengedwe, mitunduyi imapezeka pamiyala ndi mchenga wa South America ndi Africa. Anthu am'derali amadzitcha "mwala wamoyo." Chifukwa ch kuthawa dzuwa lotentha, kanyamaka kamabisala mumchenga, kutulutsa masamba pamwamba pomwe.
Mawonekedwe a tsamba amatha kukhala osalala, owoneka bwino, ophimbidwa ndi zingwe zabwino kwambiri, zomata ndi ngale, zophatikizika ndi matalala oyera-chipale chofewa.
Haworthia: mitundu ndi mitundu
Haworthia ndiwosatha. Tsinde lalitali pafupifupi masentimita 8 limamera kuchokera muzu, pomwe minofu imasiya ndi malekezero, ikunjikana mu rosette, ndikuzimenya. Masamba obiriwira obiriwira amtambo ndimadzi, zomwe zimathandiza kuti mbewuyi ikhale yopanda madzi nthawi yayitali.
Wokongola haworthia
Mitundu wamba
Banja la Asphodel limayimiriridwa ndi osiyanasiyana omwe amathandizidwa ndi masamba osema kwambiri. Pafupifupi anthu 150 omwe amachokera ku banja la Havortia, kuphatikizapo Haworthy wa Reinwardt.
Zambiri! Ojambula maluwa amakonda kukulira zofanizira zachilendo, kuyesera kupanga zochuluka zophatikiza zazing'ono. Pali mitundu yonse yaying'ono ndi yayikulu. Mwachitsanzo, ku Haworthia retuza, kutalika kwa pepala ndi 5 cm.
Zomwe zimasiyanitsidwa ndi masukulu zikuwonetsedwa pagome.
| Maonekedwe a Haworthia | Mitundu yotchuka | Zizindikiro za masamba |
| Wosakhazikika mwamphamvu (kutsanulira kolimba, kopingika, mtundu - wobiriwira wokhala ndi madontho) | Haworthia wamalaya | Masamba obiriwira, owonda, amaso, kumunsi - nthiti zasiliva zosunthika |
| Ngale ya Haworthia | imasiyanasiyana masamba owulungika, m'lifupi mwake womwe umatha kufika 20 cm, pamwamba umapindika; m'mbali mwa masamba ndi siliva, wokongola | |
| Haworthia limifolia (tsamba la mandimu) | masamba ndi omangika wina ndi mnzake; maziko ake ndi otambalala, kumtunda kuli lakuthwa, yokutidwa ndi mikwingulo yasiliva yokhala ngati mafunde | |
| Window haworthia | masamba ang'onoang'ono ndi opukutira, yokutidwa ndi ziphuphu, yokonzedwa mozungulira; mtundu wawo ndi wobiriwira wakuda | |
| Zenera (limalowa pansi kwambiri, pamalangizo a masamba a "zenera" omwe kuwala kumalowera) | Haworthia retusa (wonyeketsa) | matalala atatu, omata, gawo lakumwamba ndi lakuthwa; mtundu ndiwobiliwira, mithunzi yosiyanasiyana yofiira; motley |
| Scaphoid haworthia | mitundu ya masamba ndi imvi yobiriwira, m'lifupi mwake ndi 1; popanda zophukira, mawindo osalala, owonekera amawonekera pamwamba pa pepalalo | |
| Haworthia Cooper | masamba amtundu wokhala ndi m'mbali zowuma yokutidwa ndi tsitsi loonda | |
| Herbaceous (masamba ali ndi zipatso, amasanjidwa ndi rosette molunjika ku muzu) | Haworthia arachnoid | pepala loonda, ulusi wa siliva wotambasulidwa pamwamba pake, utoto ndiwobiliwira chikasu, |
| Net haworthia | Masamba obiriwira achikasu obiriwira ndi ukonde wamisempha yakuda; masamba olimba, opindika | |
| Chess Haworthia | tsamba platinamu lili ndi mawonekedwe apatatu, mbali zamkati, kumtunda kumakutidwa ndi mauna oyera, gawo lakumbuyo lili ndi ma tubercles |
Milozo yopota imatha kusokonezedwa ndi aloe yopota. Ogwira ntchito zamaluwa odziwa kuti aloe ali ndi "antennae" kumapeto kwa masamba, omwe amatuluka nthawi yobzala. Mzere wa Haworthia ulibe "tinyanga" wotere.
Zambiri!Zojambula zamaluwa zimasiyanitsidwa ndi mitundu yowoneka bwino pamapangidwe pamasamba.
Dzina la ngale yosazolowereka lidaperekedwa ndi katswiri wazomera waku England Hardy Haworth, yemwe anadzipereka moyo wake wonse kuti aphunzire maulamuliro. Pakati pawo panali haworthia. Zotsatira za Hardy Haworth zikuwonetsetsa kuti anali ntchito yake pa othandizira. Izi ndi zomwe zidapangitsa otsatira ake kuti atchule gulu limodzi la anthu odziwika kuti ndi a chilengedwe.
Zosiyanasiyana zotithandizira
Duwa la Haworthia: Chisamaliro cha Pakhomo
Chomera chimakhala chosazindikira, koma chisamaliro chanyumba chili ndi zochenjera zake. Ngati simumawaphwanya, ndiye kuti duwa lomwe limakhala lachilendo limatha kukhala chiwindi chachikulu. Mwachitsanzo, Haworthia retuza amatha kukhala ndi moyo pafupifupi zaka 30, kukula sentimita imodzi kapena ziwiri pachaka.
Zigawo zazikulu za chisamaliro zalembedwa pansipa.
Kutentha, kuyatsa
Pali nthano zina zokhudzana ndi inshuwaransi: zimatha kupirira kutsika kwa -7 ° C. Ngati cholembera cha thermometer chatsika pansi, ndiye kuti chomera chimatambika mchaka, ndipo ma rosette amasintha mawonekedwe awo.
M'chilimwe maluwa amakhala ndi cholinga choti aziwonekera kunja. Nthawi yamvula, munthu sayenera kuyiwala za chiweto: chimafunika kuphimbidwa ndi chidebe chamtundu wina. Kutentha kwamtunduwu sikukhudza kukula kwa mitundu, koma usiku wotentha udzakhala wowopsa. Masamba a malo ogulitsira azidima ndipo ayamba kuvunda.
Haworthia, monga ma suppulents onse, amafikira kuwalako. Ngati kuunikako sikokwanira, duwa limayamba kutambalala. Kutentha kwa dzuwa kumalekeredwa bwino kokha ndi mitundu yopanda zovuta, ndipo mitundu yamitundu yosiyanasiyana imataya mtundu.
Chinyezi, kuthirira, kuvala pamwamba
Cactus haworthia wachilengedwe nthawi zambiri amakula nyengo yopanda, choncho chilengedwe chimateteza ku zinthu zotere. Mtunduwu wasungidwa mu zitsanzo zamkati. Chifukwa chake, wamaluwa, asanayambe kuthirira, ayenera kuyang'ana momwe dothi lilili. Ngati chonyowa, ndiye kuti mbewuyo siyofunika kuthiriridwa. M'nyengo yozizira, nthawi pakati pa kuthirira imachuluka, chifukwa chinyezi chambiri chimatha kuyambitsa mizu.
Yang'anani! Pa nthawi yosamalira haworthia imathiriridwa kokha ndi madzi otetezedwa!
Kuphatikiza feteleza kumaphatikizidwa ndi kuthirira, chifukwa feteleza amapezeka bwino ngati atasungunuka m'madzi. Mutha kutenga ndalama za cacti, koma kuyikiridwa kwa yankho kuyenera kuchepetsedwa. Kuvala kwapamwamba kumachitika nthawi ndi nthawi mu nthawi ya masika ndi chilimwe. Kwa mbewu zina, ma frequency amatha kukhala okwera. Mwachitsanzo, kusamalira wonenepa wamtundu kunyumba kumaphatikizapo kudyetsa mwezi uliwonse.
Nthaka yofunikira, poto wobzala
Haworthia ndi wonyoza. Munthawi zachilengedwe imatha kumera pamiyala yamiyala. Chifukwa chake, mutabzala toyesa, ndikofunikira kusakaniza zigawo zolimba - miyala, mchenga wowuma, dongo loumbika.
Dothi loterolo limadutsa mpweya wabwino, haworthia imamverera bwino ndipo imachita popanda kumuyika kwazaka zambiri. Chomera chokhala ndi miyala, ndi bwino kutenga maluwa osaya kwambiri, makoma omwe amasungunula chinyontho. Mawonekedwe a mphikawo sayenera kukhala ozungulira; mizu yanyengayo imafalikira mbali zonse.
Zambiri! M'makontena ozungulira, mizu imayamba kugwada, yomwe imapangitsa kuti ivunde.
Kufalikira haworthia
Oyamba maluwa amakonda kudziwa momwe miyala ya haworthia imamasulira kunyumba? Zosatheka sizimakonda kuphuka, kotero sizikuyembekezeredwa. Koma alimi ambiri amalima maluwa onyentchera chifukwa cha kukongola masamba.
Yang'anani! Kuphatikizika kwa haworthia ndi yankho losangalatsa pakupanga chipinda. Zokongoletsera zamkati ndizothandiza kwambiri.
Ngati mukufunabe kuwona maluwa a haworthia, ndiye muyenera kupanga zikhalidwe za izi. Kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, kupulumuka kumawonekera, kenako maluwa osasamala amatseguka. Mu haworthia lymphifolia, maluwa ofiira otuwa amatengedwa burashi. Haworthia fasciata amatulutsa peduncle yayitali, yomwe imakutidwa ndi maluwa oyera a tubular. Pa mita yoluka pa pewa wa haworthia, maluwa amtundu wa inflemose amachokera ku kuwala pang'ono kwa corollas flaunt.
Zofunika! Haworthia amawononga mphamvu zambiri paz maluwa, ndiye kuti, duwa litangowuma, mbewuyo ifunika kuiwika, apo ayi ifa. Olima maluwa ambiri, akudziwa za izi, amadula peduncle itangowonekera.
Momwe mungafalitsire haworthia
Mutha kukulitsa nyengo yatsopano m'njira zosiyanasiyana, koma mulimonsemo, ndibwino kuswana haworthia kasupe:
- kudula
Iwo omwe akhala akukula kwa zaka zambiri amati nthawi zina masamba amagwa ndikukula, namizu. Katunduyu mutha kugwiritsidwa ntchito komanso kumayambiriro kwa masika kukolola zodula.
Kuti muchite izi, tsamba limadulidwa pakona yokhazikika pamunsi pa chomera. Gawo limathandizidwa ndi fungicide, louma mlengalenga kwa masiku angapo ndikuwobzala mumtsuko wokhala ndi dothi lonyowa.
Kudula sikufuna kuphimbidwa, kumatha kuvunda. Nthaka iyenera kukhala yonyowa, koma osati yonyowa. Pakupita mwezi umodzi, phesi liyenera kuzika mizu. Mizu ikayamba kuphukidwa bwino, bua ikhoza kubzalidwa m'malo atsopano.
- mbewu
Ojambula maluwa omwe amatola mitundu yosadziwika nthawi zambiri amayesa kukulitsa iwo pawokha. Njirayi ndi yovuta komanso siigwira ntchito nthawi zonse. Ndikukhumudwitsa kwambiri kuti mawonekedwe omwe ali ndi mbeu pamtunda sangasungidwe.
Ndikofunikira kukonza chidebe chosaya, mudzaze ndi dothi losakanizidwa ndi tsamba ndi mchenga. Mbewu zogulidwa pa shopu yamaluwa zimagawanidwa moyenerera pamwamba pa chidebe ndikuzikankhira pansi.
Kukongola kosamveka
Kuti kumere kumafunikira magawo awiri: kutentha kwambiri - mpaka + 25 ° C ndi kuwunikira bwino. Mpweya wabwino komanso chizolowezi chokhala ndi mfuti yofukiziramo madzi ndi zofunika.
Ndikubwera kwa mphukira, filimuyi kuchokera pachidebe imayenera kuchotsedwa. Kusamalira mbande kumandipweteka kwambiri. Zimatenga miyezi yambiri kuti mbande zisabzalidwe maluwa.
- kufalitsa ndi rosettes
Njira yosavuta ndiyo kufalikira kwamasamba. Chaka chilichonse, ma rosette ang'onoang'ono amawoneka pa mphukira za akulu cymbiformis, omwe pambuyo pake amamera pafupi ndi chomera.
Pulogalamuyi iyenera kudulidwa mosamala. Finyani malo odulidwa ndi makala, ndikubzala mbali ina mbali ina.
Zambiri! Duwa lamiyala limakula pang'onopang'ono - simungathe kulisintha kwa zaka 2-3, koma ngati mukufuna kupanga malo ogulitsira, muyenera kupatula malo ogulitsira kumene chaka chilichonse.
Momwe mungasinthire haworthia
Ndikwabwino kutengapo gawo ndikusintha kwa mlendo wamwala kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, chifukwa ndi nthawi iyi pomwe mbewu zimayamba kukula mwachangu. Nthawi zambiri, othandizira amafunika kuasinthidwa ngati chomera chikamera ndipo duwa la maluwa litakhala laling'ono. Izi zikufotokozedwa ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono pamasamba ang'onoang'ono.
Chidebe chokulirapo koma chosaya champhepete chotsika chimayenera kusankhidwa. M'maluwa akuya mlendo wokhala ndi mwala adzakhala kwambiri, ndipo amayamba kukula.
Nthaka yabwino kwambiri ndi chisakanizo chamtambo, mchenga, dongo, zinthu zolimba (miyala, chidutswa chosweka, thanthwe la chipolopolo). Nthaka sayenera kulowererapo, pena mwina mbewuyo imafota.
Malangizo pothamangitsira maulendalama:
- Ndikofunikira kuchotsa chomera kuchokera ku maluwa akale.
- Yang'anirani mosamala mizu, onetsetsani kuti mulibe tizirombo m'mizu.
- Chotsani dothi lakale pamizu, dulani mbali zouma.
- Konzani ngalande, dothi.
- Chomera chimayikidwa pamadzi othiridwa ndi dothi laling'ono, nthaka imatsanulidwa ndi dzanja laulere mozungulira ndikuzungulira.
Kubwezeretsa chozizwitsa
Zomera ziyenera kuthiriridwa ndikuyika m'malo otetezedwa. Malangizo a masamba atatha kuwoneka bwino, zomwe zikuwonetsa kuti fanizoli lakula, maluwa adzikhonza kuyikidwa m'malo osayiwala kuyang'anira.
Mavuto owopsa
Haworthia sikuti sakhudzidwa ndi tizirombo, koma mukaphwanya malamulo osamalira pakhomo, ndiye kuti pempholi lingathenso:
| Vuto lazomera | Chifukwa chotheka |
| masamba anatambasulidwa, mtundu wawo unakhala wofowoka, nsonga zokhotakhota | kutentha kwambiri kwa dzinja |
| nsonga zamasamba zinauma | mmera mulibe chinyezi chokwanira, kwatentha |
| masamba otsika amagwa | chinyezi chambiri m'nthaka |
| zigawo zimatulutsidwa | wopanda kuwala kokwanira |
| masamba amasanduka ofiira | Dothi limadzaza ndi feteleza wa mchere |
| Masamba adasanduka akuda, owola | Kutentha kwa chipinda ndikocheperako |
Wowonererapo chidwi azindikira kusintha kwakanthawi kanyengo, ndikuyesa kupeza zifukwa zobwezera kukopa kwake.
Chochititsa chidwi
Maonekedwe akunja a haworthia akusonyeza zovuta kusiya. Komabe, likukwaniritsidwa kuti zofanizira sizikukula mukukula. Zimaonekera pakati pa mbewu zina chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake - masamba amtundu ndi mawonekedwe. Malinga ndi zikhulupiriro zofala, chozizwitsachi chimakhala chothandiza kwambiri ndipo chimapatsa ena mphamvu. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe amalimbikitsa maluwa kuti adzabwezeretsenso zomwe apeza ndi mitundu yatsopano ya suppulents.
