Tomato yamtengo wapatali amakondedwa ndi wamaluwa, makamaka amayi omwe amagwira ntchito kumakhoza kunyumba. Kwa nthawi yoyamba ku Russia, monga chinthu chamtengo wapatali, iwo inachokera ku israel, malonda awo akupitirira lero.
Koma abalimi athu a ku Russia tsopano akukula kwambiri tomato zabwino mu greenhouses, kuthengo kapena pa khonde.
Cherry mitundu ya kukula pa nyengo yawo yachilimwe nyumba ndi zithunzi zawo
Kulima kumalo otseguka kapena mu wowonjezera kutentha kumakhala wamtali, osaopa kutentha kwa kusintha mitundu ndi hybrids ya chitumbuwa tomato. Izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zowonjezereka, kukula kwa 2.5-3 m.
Otchuka kwambiri:
- Barberry - m'dzanja akhoza kuphukitsa zipatso 50;
- Golide - osagonjetsedwa ndi matenda akuluakulu, ololera;
- "Kuvina ndi Smurfs" - ali ndi mtundu wofiirira;
- "Koresi F1" - wosakanizidwa kwambiri oyambirira, zipatso za mtundu wa lalanje;
- "Mphesa zaku Orange" - chipatso chodzaza ndi carotene, chiri ndi mtundu wa lalanje, chingasungidwe mwatsopano kwa nthawi yaitali.
Pali mitundu yambiri ya greenhouses ndi yotseguka pansi, aliyense adzapeza pakati pawo zomwe zimagwirizana ndi kukoma kwake.
Mukhoza kudziwa bwino mitundu ina yomwe ili pamwambapa mu chithunzi chili pansipa:
Kubzala ndi kukula mbande
Njira yakukula mbande yoyamba, ndiyeno akuluakulu sali osiyana kwambiri ndi chisamaliro cha tomato wamba. Mitambo yaying'ono yokhudzana ndi chitumbuwa, musati musokoneze izi.
Pamene chodzala mbande?
Bzalani mbewu pa mbande zikuyamba kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa April, kutseguka, idzafika pakati kapena kumapeto kwa May.
Cholinga chokonzekera
Ubwino wa nthaka yomwe mbande imakula, makamaka amadalira zipatso za munthu wamkulu. Dothi liyenera kukhala lotayirira ndi lachonde.. Chabwino kugwirizana chisakanizo cha humus, utuchi ndi peat. Nthaka imamera (ikhoza kusakanizidwa ndi manyowa) ndipo imatetezedwa ndi disinfected ndi yankho la potassium permanganate yotentha 70 °. Pambuyo pake, adateteza masiku awiri kapena atatu.
Kubzala mbande
Mphamvu ya mbande ziyenera kukhala kutalika kwa mbali sikusachepera 15 cmkukhala ndi malo oti apange mizu. Nthaka yokonzeka bwino, yothira pansi imatsanulira pansi. Muli grooves amapangidwa, momwe Mbeu zimabzalidwa ku kuya kwa masentimita atatu. Ngati mbewu za mitundu yosiyana zimabzalidwa, chidebe chosiyana chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa aliyense.
Kuunika ndi kutentha
Mbande ziyenera kusungidwa pamalo ozizira komanso onetsetsani kuti mukulitsa tsiku lowala osachepera mpaka 14 koloko. Kubzala mbeu kumafuna ndithu kutentha kwakukulu - mpaka 30 °.
Choncho, bokosi kapena chodzala chidebe chiyenera kuikidwa pafupi ndi zipangizo zotentha mpaka mbewuzo zitang'ambika. Kuchokera pamwamba pa hotbed muli ndi filimu kapena galasi.
Kulima kwina kwa mbande kungakhoze kuchitika pa kutentha kwa 20-24 °. Ngati iye agwa mpaka 16 ° ndi pansipa, zipatso sizingagwedezeke.
Dive
Katemera wa phwetekere wa Cherry ndithudi. Maganizo awa silingalole kukwera ndipo chifukwa chake tchire la mbande limayenera kubzalidwa miphika yosiyana. Kusankha kumafunika kuti muchepetse mizu. Amafupikitsa pafupifupi theka lachitatu. Opaleshoniyi imalola kuti chitsamba chikule mizu yamphamvu.
Mbeu za Cherry zimathamanga pamene pali masamba 4-6 odzaza pa mphukira. Chisamaliro, zonse zisanatuluke ndi pambuyo pake, zimakhala kuthirira nthawi zonse, kudyetsa masiku khumi ndi awiri ndikumasula nthaka.
Mbewu zabwino kwambiri Ayenera kukhala ndi timitengo tating'ono mpaka 30 masentimita ndi masamba osachepera 8. Zaka zake pa nthawi yakugwa ziyenera kukhala masiku 60-65.
Kufika pansi
Pakatikati ndi kumpoto kwa chitumbuwa ndi bwino kukula mu greenhouses kuti nyengo yozungulira isagwe pansi pa 16 °. Musanadzalemo, mbande zazimitsidwa kwa masabata awiri kapena awiri.
Mabokosi okhala ndi mbande za tsikulo akuwonekera ku msewu. Tsiku lotsatira lifika, limasiya kuthirira.
Musanadzale mbande, mabedi ayenera kukhala okonzeka. Ngati madzi apansi ali pafupi ndi nthaka, ndi bwino kukweza bedi, kotero kuti palibe chinyezi chokwanira.
Kodi mungabzala bwanji?
Nthaka imamasulidwa kuti ubwino wabwino wa mpweya ndi madzi. Mu nthaka mupange mabowo osachepera 10 cm chakuya. Katemera wa Cherry Sungabzalidwe pafupi ndi 50 cm kuchokera kwa wina ndi mzake. Pakatikati pa tchire, zomera zimakhala bwino.
Mutha kuona bwino momwe phwetekere ikubzala, ikhoza kukhala pa kanema pansipa:
Chisamaliro
Kwa mitundu yayitali chithandizo chofunikira chofunikira, yomwe imamangidwa ndi chikwapu pamene ikukula. Masking amachitika ngati mphukira zambiri zakula. Mitundu ina imafunikira izo ndithudi.
Pamene sitima samasokoneza tsamba lenileni ndi ndondomeko. Mukadula mapepala, izi zimakhudza fruiting chitsamba.
Mofanana ndi tomato onse, chikondi cha chitumbuwa chimathamanga, zimathandizira kuti mungu umatulutsa ndipo imathandiza kuti tizilombo toyipa tizilombo tizilombo toyipa tizilombo tizilombo toyipa tizilombo tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Kuthirira ndi kudyetsa
Chikondi cha tomato kuthirira tsiku lililonse. Ngati izi sizichitika, ming'alu ya bulauni idzawoneka pa chipatso. Chifukwa cha kuwonjezera ulimi wothirira, iwo adzakhala madzi ndipo akhoza kuphwanyika. Kuthirira kumachitika ndi madzi ofunda.
Chikondi cha Tomato chovala chovuta cha mineral osati phosphorous ndi potaziyamu, komanso kusintha, zinc, chitsulo, magran, selenium ndi cobalt. Ndikovuta kupanga chisakanizo chotere pawekha.
Pogulitsa pali feteleza osiyanasiyana. Chogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi Agricola ndi Effecton. Akatswiri amalimbikitsa osakaniza Kemiramonga zolemba bwino kwambiri.
Tomato kudyetsa kamodzi pa sabata mutatha kuziika pansi. Mu nthawi yopanga mazira, ndi zina chakudya cha ammonium nitrate ndi anawonjezera ndi Kuwonjezera nkhuni phulusa.
Mukawona malo oyera pakati pa chipatso chokoma, zikutanthauza kuti tomato alibe zakudya. Pali chosowa azidyetsa potassium sulphate.
Kupaka pamwamba kumaphatikizapo kuthirira.
Ntchito ndi nthaka
Nthaka pansi pa tchire la chitumbuwa makamaka mulch utuchi, udzu, manyowa kapena agropolotnom. Izi zidzateteza kuyanjana kwa chipatsocho ndi nthaka ndikuthandizira kupeŵa kuvunda ndi matenda a matenda a fungal. Kuwonjezera apo, izo zidzatchinga dothi kutentha.
Kawirikawiri wamaluwa amagwiritsa ntchito njira zosavuta kupewa matenda a tomato. Amakula muzitsulo zamatabwa, zomwe sizikonda tizirombo tosiyanasiyana. Nkhokwe zikhoza kukumbidwa pansi, kapena kuziyika pa munda kapena mu wowonjezera kutentha.
Kutulutsa ndi kukolola
Nthaŵi yakucha ya tomato yamatcheri imadalira kuuluka kwa zosiyanasiyana. Amatha kubala chipatso mpaka kutentha kumadutsa pansi pa 8 °. Kawirikawiri zipatso zimachotsedwa mpaka kumapeto kwa September.
Zakudya zamakono zimakondedwa ndi wamaluwa kuti zipatso zawo zipse nthawi yomweyo ndipo zikhale zofanana. Sichikulimbikitsidwa kuchotsa tomato kuchoka pa burashi mpaka womaliza atapsa.. Njira yabwino kwambiri ndiyokusonkhanitsa tomato ndi maburashi.
Kugwiritsa ntchito
Poyamba, m'malesitilanti, tomato yamatumbu ankagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti azikongoletsa mbale. Lero, palibe amene amatsutsana ndi ubwino komanso kukoma kwake kwa tomato. Zomwe zili ndi zakudya zimapanga chitumbuwa zakudya zamagetsi. Imakhalabe yokongoletsera komanso gawo lalikulu la saladi ndi maphunziro apamwamba. Chokoma kwambiri mu kumalongeza kwathunthu.
