Monarda - kubzala ndi kusamalira poyera

Monarda ndi duwa wochokera kubanja la Labial. Ili m'gulu la mbewu zosatha komanso pachaka zamasamba. Chomera chokongoletsera chidatchedwa Dokotala waku Spain ndi katswiri wazomera ku Spain Nicholas Monardes. Mu 1574, adasindikiza bukhu lofotokoza za chikhalidwechi ndikucha kuti Wopanga mizimu ya Namwali. Chomera chimapatsidwa zinthu zofunikira ndipo chimawoneka bwino.

Makhalidwe a Monarda

Pali mitundu yoposa 20 ya monarda. Pafupifupi mitundu yonseyi imatha kulimidwa m'mundamo. Mitundu yotchuka yachikhalidwe chokongoletsa:

• Ndimu kapena malalanje. Kutalika kwa pachaka ndi masentimita 15-95. Mtundu wa inflorescence umakhala ndi ma whorls a 5-7 komanso maluwa ang'onoang'ono a lilac. Maluwa atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chomera chokongoletsera kapena chokongoletsera.
• Lambada Wophatikiza wobadwa ndi asayansi achi Dutch. Kuchokera masamba a mbewu amatuluka kukoma.
• Dot Monarda (kavalo mint). Imakhala ndi mitundu yowala modabwitsa yambale ya masamba, yomwe imapakidwa muzithunzi za nsomba. Kutalika kwa mbewu kumafika 80 cm.
• Monard iwiri. Kukula kosatha mpaka 75-80 cm. Zimayambira ndi tetrahedral. Masamba obiriwira obiriwira amaloledwa kumapeto ndi pansi. Kutalika kwa masamba mpaka masentimita 12. Mtundu wa magawo ndi ofiira. Ma inflorescence ndi lilac kapena wofiirira.

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mandimu

• Duochny monard. Ku Europe, wamkulu ngati zonunkhira. Kutalika kwa zimayambira ndi masentimita 65-120. Masamba ake amaphimbidwa ndi tsitsi loonda. Maluwa ali ngati maudzu ndipo utoto wa utoto wa lilac. Ma inflorescence ndi ozungulira, masentimita 5-7.
• Wosakanizidwa monarda (monarda hybrida). Kuphatikiza mitundu yosiyanasiyana, yolembetsedwa ku Germany kuchokera ku zoweta zamtundu wa binary ndi duarch. Kutalika kwa tchire ndi masentimita 100. Ma inflorescence amapakidwa utoto wofiirira (Mona Lisa mitundu), ofiira, oyera, apinki (Pink Lace), matani a burgundy kapena lavender. Mitundu yotchuka: monarda ofiira, Monard Bee Pue ndi monard Cambridge Scarlet. Palibe wowoneka bwino monard Terry Tale, Gadenvie Scarlet ndi Spice.
• Monarda Fireball. Chitsamba chamuyaya chimakula mpaka 75-80 cm kutalika. Mpweya wa mitundu yosiyanasiyana umamera mosiyanasiyana. Ma inflorescences ndi burgundy.

Monarda: Kubzala ndi kusamalira poyera

Kunyumba, chikhalidwecho chitha kumera kuchokera pazama mbewu, kapena pobzala mbande zomwe zisanagulidwe mu nthaka.

Kubzala mbewu

Nthawi yodzala mbewu panthaka zimadalira dera lokula la monarda. M'mayiko akumwera izi zimachitika kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, komanso m'maiko ozizira mkati mwa Meyi. Ndondomeko

1. Sankhani malo oyenera, kukumba ndi kumasula dothi.
2. Bzalani nyemba m'minda yokumbayo.
3. Anawaza ndi dothi laling'ono.
4. Nyowetsani nthaka mokwanira.
5. Valani malowo ndikuyika filimu mpaka mphukira zitawonekera.
6. Chotsani makanemawo kwa mphindi 5 mpaka 5 kuti mpweya wabwino ugwire, ndikuthira nthaka ngati dothi la pamwamba lifota.

Zomera zomwe zimamera motere zimasinthidwa kupita kwina mchaka chimodzi. Maluwa akuyembekezeredwa m'miyezi 12.

Kubzala mbande

1. Posankha madera obzala maluwa, kukuta dothi.
2. Mukamasula nthaka, kukumba mabowo a mbande.
3. M'chitsime chilichonse, thirani madzi akumwa.
4. Ikani mizu ya mmera mu dzenje, dzazani zotuluka ndi nthaka yachonde.
5. Nyowetsani nthaka pamalo ofikira. M'chaka chomwecho, maluwa ambiri amatha kuyembekezeredwa.

Kuthirira ndikumasulira nthaka

Monarda amafunika kuthirira moyenera komanso pafupipafupi. M'nyengo yadzuwa, dothi limanyowa usiku uliwonse. M'mwezi wa Epulo ndi Meyi, chikhalidwe chokongoletsera chimathiriridwa ndi madzi ofunda.

Kalasi iwiri

Pakatha njira iliyonse yanyontho, ndikofunikira kumasula dziko lapansi. Ndikofunika kuti tisawononge mizu. Udzu wamasamba uyenera kuchotsedwa pabedi la maluwa kuti asasokoneze kukula kwathunthu ndi chitukuko cha mbewu.

Njira zolerera

Monarda amafalitsidwa m'njira zambiri. Nthawi zambiri, olima maluwa amagwiritsa ntchito njere zomwe tafotokozazi, koma mutha kubzala mbewu pogawa chitsamba, kudula, kapena mizu.

Njira yogawa chitsamba

Njirayi imachitika bwino kwambiri mu nthawi ya masika, mmera usanakhale ndi nthawi yodzuka pambuyo pakupuma. Ndondomeko

1. Nyowetsani mbewuyo mosamala kwambiri.
2. Pogwiritsa ntchito mpeni wakuthwa, gawani mizu kuti mizu ingapo ndi gawo la muzu kuti zitsalike pachomera.
3. Chiritsani malo amdothi ndi phulusa lamatabwa kuti muthandize pochiritsa.
4. Mukakonzekeretsa mabowo ikani Delenki. Khosi la mizu liyenera kukhala pansi.

Kufalikira kwa zigawo za mizu

Iyi ndi njira imodzi yothandiza kwambiri yoswana. Ndondomeko imachitika bwino kwambiri mu Marichi, mpaka kukula kwa mphukira kwayamba. Malangizo a sitepe ndi sitepe:

1. Pogwiritsa ntchito fosholo yakuthwa, dulani gawo la mphukira limodzi ndi mizu.
2. Kudera lamaderawa kumathandizidwa ndi phulusa.
3. Kumbani mabowo okhala ndi masentimita 40-50.
4. Kubzala mbeu zazing'ono m'mipando, dzazani zitsime ndi dothi losakaniza.
5. Anabzala tchire kuti nyowa yambiri.

Kudula

Kukolola odulidwa amene anachita kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe. Kwa izi, mphukira wachinyamata wobiriwira wamtali wa 10-20 masentimita amasankhidwa, zigawo zimathandizidwa ndi Kornevin. Zodulidwa zobzalidwa pansi zophimbidwa ndi zotengera pulasitiki. Mutha kuyiyika pamalo obiriwira.

Maonekedwe a Hybrid a Lambada

Feteleza ndi feteleza

Kuvala kwapamwamba kumayikidwa pakulima komanso nthawi ya maluwa. Chapakatikati, feteleza wama mineral ovuta amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Pa mita lalikulu lililonse, 40-45 g ya feteleza imadyedwa.

Kumapeto kwa chilimwe komanso nthawi ya maluwa, monarda amafunika zakudya zowonjezera zokhala ndi phosphorous ndi potaziyamu. Malovu owuma amatseka pansi. Kuvala kumasungunuka pang'onopang'ono ndipo mukathiridwa madzi kumalowa muzu. Feteleza zimathandizira kulimbikitsa maluwa.

Nthawi yakula komanso nthawi yamaluwa, tchire liyenera kuthiridwa madzi ndi mavalidwe apamwamba amamineral.

Monarda duduk

Thirani mbewu

Mu malo amodzi, chikhalidwe chokongoletsera chimatha kukula kwa pafupifupi zaka 5. Kenako tchire zimasulidwa. Kukonzanso duwa, kugawa tchire kumagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Kuti ziwokedwe, chitsamba chimakumbidwa mosamala ndikupititsa kudzenje lina. Kachitidwe ka mizu yakale ya pansi sikatsukidwa. Pofuna kuvulaza komanso kufulumizitsa kupulumuka kwa chomera, chimasinthidwa ndikuyenda. Kukhazikika m'malo atsopano Monard madzi okwanira. Nthaka imakhazikika mosamala ndikunyentchera.

Tizilombo ndi matenda

Monarda samakhudzidwa ndi tizirombo chifukwa mafuta ake ofunika amachotsa tizilombo. Komabe, potengera poyambira chisamaliro chosayenera, chikhalidwecho chitha kudwala matenda a powdery mildew omwe amapezeka motsutsana ndi maziko akuthirira pansi, ndi dzimbiri.

Kuti muchepetse ufa wa ufa, ndikokwanira kusintha njira yothirira. Tchire zikacha, dothi lozungulira maluwawo limasamalidwa ndikukonzekera muli mkuwa.

Osowa mu kapangidwe ka mawonekedwe

Maluwa ndi chisamaliro nthawi imeneyi

Maluwa a monarda amatalika kuyambira pakati pa chilimwe mpaka Seputembara. Pakadali pano, maluwa okhala ndi ma penti ooneka ngati maluwa akutulutsa tchire ngati inflorescence kutulutsa tchire. Utoto wa maluwa a monarda zimatengera zosiyanasiyana.

Pambuyo pa maluwa, inflorescence amapanga zipatso zomwe zimawoneka ngati mtedza. Izi zimapatsa kukongoletsa kowonjezereka kwa mbewu ngakhale nyengo yozizira. Pambuyo pakupanga zipatso, mutha kuyamba kutolera mbewu. Kumera kwawo kumatenga miyezi 36.

Kukonzekera yozizira

Ngati chitsamba chimodzi chamaluwa chamera pamaluwa amaluwa, m'dzinja chimatha kukumbidwa, ndipo dothi limatha kukumbidwa ndikukonzekera kubzala maluwa ena. Mitundu yosatha ndi yosagwira chisanu, choncho safunikira kuti ikumbidwe. Ndikokwanira kuphimba chitsamba chilichonse ndi danga la spruce 10 cm.

Gwiritsani ntchito kapangidwe kake

Chikhalidwe chimabzalidwa pamabedi amaluwa, kuchotsera kapena pa udzu. Kukula kwamaluwa a monard mu mixborder kumawoneka kosangalatsa.

Zomera zimayenda bwino ndi rudbeckia, phlox osatha, mabulosi abulu ndi maluwa akulu. Mutha kuwonjezera zitsamba zofalikira za monarda ndi mbewu zamphesa.

Zosakhazikika zimawoneka bwino pamaunda

Zothandiza zimatha chomera cha monarda

Kuphatikizika kwa duwa kumaphatikizapo mafuta ofunikira, mavitamini B ndi C. Chikhalidwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu homeopathy. Mafuta ofunikira a Monarda ali ndi anti-nkhawa, antianemic ndi antioxidant katundu. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwake mwadongosolo kumatsuka mapaundi a atherosulinotic plaques, kumathandizira kuchiritsa matenda a radiation, kuthana ndi zizindikiro za chimfine ndikulimbitsa chitetezo cha mthupi.

Monarda amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza:

• atitis media;
• cystitis;
• sinusitis;
• chibayo;
• zam'mimba dongosolo.

Mafuta ofunikira a Monarda amathandiza kuthana ndi mutu, phazi ndi fungus, ndi zovuta zam'mlomo wamkamwa. Beauticians amagwiritsa ntchito monarda kupanga masks ndi mafuta a mafupa amtundu wakhungu pakhungu.

Monarda ndi chomera chomwe chimatha kukongoletsa chiwembu chilichonse chamunda. Kusamalira mbewu ndikosavuta kokwanira. Kupereka mbewu ndi malo oyenera kukula ndi kutukuka, mutha kusilira mwadongosolo maluwa ake ambiri.