Mitengo ndi mitengo yokhala ndi masamba a emerald, maluwa achikasu, "moths" ndi mapulasi ochepa kwambiri, omwe amamera kwambiri kuti akalimbikitse mapulaneti ndi kuteteza mapepala, amakhala a Karagan.
Dzina la botanili limachokera ku mawu achi Kyrgyz akuti "Kara" - "wakuda" ndi "ghana" - "khutu", ponena za nkhandwe zakuda, zomwe zimabisika m'mitengo yambiri ya zomera.
Mitengo yawo, mtengo wa Caragana kapena chikasu chachikasu, umakula m'nkhalango za Siberia, m'magulu a Altai ndi Sayan, kum'mwera kwa Mitsinje, ku Kazakhstan ndi m'mapiri a Caucasus. Malo a chikasu mthethe kwambiri akukulitsa chitukuko chomera mmalo mwamasamba chikhalidwe.
Kufotokozera za mitundu ya zomera za mtengo wa Caragan
Mtengo wambiri, nthawi zambiri shrub imatha kutalika kwa mamita atatu mpaka 6.5, ndi masamba ena osakanikirana pa petioles ndi mitengo ikuluikulu mpaka masentimita 15 m'lifupi mwake, ali ndi taproot, yomwe mizu yothandizira imachokera.
Mizu ya mizu chikasu chachikasu, chifukwa cha symbiosis ndi mabakiteriya apadera, akhoza kutenga nayitrojeni m'mlengalenga, kulimasulira kukhala mawonekedwe a zomera, motero, kulemeretsa nthaka.
Mu May ndi June, maluwa okongola a chikasu a mtundu wa njenjete, omwe amadziwika ndi mtundu wonse wa nyemba, mawonekedwe ndi kufalikira mu tsamba la axils.
Zipatso zing'onozing'ono zimapsa muzitali zazing'ono zamakono.
- Mitundu yotsatila ya zomera zosafunika izi zimapezeka kumalo okongola m'minda:
- Mtengo pendula (kulira kwa chikasu kulira).
- Ussuriyskaya
- Karagana Kustarnikovaya
- Prickly
- Amamera
Zima-zolimba, zowonongeka, mtengo wopita mofulumira mpaka mamita awiri pamwamba ndi kupachika kwautali. Amayankha bwino popanga kudulira.
Madzi otsika (mpaka mamita imodzi ndi hafu mamita) shrub ndi mdima wonyezimira wobiriwira ndi wachikasu waukulu, kenako reddening, maluwa ozizira-ozizira ndi kukongoletsera kwambiri.
Amakula mpaka mamita awiri, amakhala ndi "grandiflora" ndi maluwa akulu, "latifolia" omwe ali ndi masamba akuluakulu, ndi "globoza" ndi korona wozungulira.
Zakhala zikulima kuyambira 1775, monga nyengo yozizira-yolimba komanso yolimba kwambiri mpaka kufika mamita awiri ndi theka, kupanga mazenera obiriwira, kuwonjezera "kulimbikitsidwa" ndi miyendo ya masentimita asanu pa zimayambira.
Kutalika kwa 30 cm kufika 1.5 mamita, ndi maluwa okongola a chikasu ndi masamba, ogulukidwa m'magulu, amakula bwino m'malo ouma, amamasula chilimwe.
Tiyeneranso kutchula "Buku Lofiira" Caragana akuyenda kapena "mchira wa ngamila", kuyambira nthawi zakale amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu mankhwala a ku Tibetan. Ndi squat alpine shrub, amawombera, masamba ndi zipatso zomwe zimatetezedwa ndi utali wokwanira, mpaka masentimita 7, spikes. Mapuloteni ndi lalanje, ngakhale maluwa amodzi omwe amapezeka m'manda amavumbulutsidwa mu June. Zipatso zipsa mu September.
Mtengo wa Karagana pamalo otseguka
Kuunikira
Pofika pakhomo ndi bwino kusankha malo abwino. Chikasu chachikasu sichiwotchedwa ngakhale pansi pa dzuwa lotentha.
Kutentha
Chomera ichi ndi choopsa kwambiri, chomwe chingathe kupirira kutentha mpaka kupitirira 45 mofanana ndi kutentha kwakukulu.
Nthaka ndi chinyezi
Kuti dziko lapansilo likhale lopanda mchere wachikasu ndiloperewera, ilo nthaka iliyonse idzachitakupatulapo dothi lolimba kwambiri ndi pH ya 3 mpaka 4.
Komanso, nthaka sayenera kuyendetsedwa. Osayenera kubzala malo ndi madzi apamwamba kapena mvula yowonjezereka ikuyenda.
Tikufika
Nthawi yabwino kumalo: nyengo (masamba asanatembenuzidwe) ndi m'dzinja (pambuyo pa tsamba kugwa). M'nyengo ya chilimwe (osati pa maluwa), masamba a mthethe akubzalidwa okha ndi dothi la earthy.
Mu dzenje lakutsetsereka, litakonzedwa mpanda wosanjikiza, perekani mchere wambiri, komanso kompositi.
Kuthirira
Chomeracho chimasinthidwa kuti chikhale nthawi yaitali chilala ndi undemanding ku nthawi ya kuthirira.
Kuchuluka kwa chinyezi, ndipo mochuluka kwambiri kuti kuchepa kwake kuvulaza mthethe wachikasu.
Kupaka pamwamba
Pofuna kupititsa patsogolo kukula ndi kupititsa patsogolo chitukuko cha mtengo wa caragana, munthu akhoza kuchita kumayambiriro kwa mchere zokwanira zonse pamaso maluwa madzi organic solution.
Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo, chomera cha Caragan chimadzipatsa kudzidyetsa, kuphatikiza, monga onse a m'banja la legume, mpweya wa nayitrogeni chifukwa cha symbiosis ndi mabakiteriya opanga nitrogen.
Kukula ndi kudulira
Mu chikhalidwe, mitengo ya shrub imakhala zaka 45, ikukula mwamsanga ndipo imayankha bwino zotsutsana ndi kukalamba ndi kudulira.
Ikuchitika m'chaka, pamaso pa Mphukira.
M'chilimwe, zomera zimachiza, kudula mphukira zakufa kapena zakufa.
Maluwa
Nthawi yamaluwa imakwirira nyengo ya chilimwe ndipo ikhoza kutha, malingana ndi zosiyanasiyana kapena zosiyana, kuyambira miyezi itatu mpaka itatu.
Yellow acacia - zokongola chomera cha uchi, kupereka 300-350 kg uchi mu hekitala. Honey acacia ndi wokwera kwambiri mu fructose kuti sungayambe shuga nthawi yosungirako.
Maluwa a acacia amawonjezeka kwa tiyi kuti apatse zakumwa zonunkhira.
Kuswana
Acacia chikasu imabereka Mbeu, zobiriwira zobiriwira, kugawa ndi kugawa chitsamba.
Kufalitsa mbewu
Kufesa pamalo otseguka kumachitika March-Aprilmutatha kuthira mbewu patsiku mumadzi ozizira. Monga lamulo, mbewu zimakula bwino, ndipo mphukirazo zimakhala ndi khalidwe la Caragan. Pamene akukula, iwo amakhala m'malo osatha.
Kubalanso zipatso zobiriwira
Cuttings akhoza kukonzekera nthawi yachitsamba kapena chilimwe. Ndikofunika kupanga magawo apansi ndi mizu yopanga stimulator. The cuttings okonzeka m'njirayi obzalidwa modzichepetsa nthaka nthaka. Kubzala mizu kumapezeka mkati mwa mwezi.
Kubalanso poyika
M'chaka Amagwiritsa ntchito nthambi za m'munsi, osati nthambi zakale, kukonza mbali yapakati ya nthambi, kuzigwetsera pansi ndikuziwaza moyenera. Kumayambiriro kwa kasupe lotsatira, zigawozo zakhazikika bwino ndipo zimatha kukhala zosiyana ndi mbeu ya kholo.
Kubalana pogawanitsa chitsamba
Monga lamulo, chitukuko chokhala ndi mchere wachikasu chimapanga zambiri mphukira za rhizomezomwe analekanitsidwa mu kasupe, mu nthawi yoyenera yobzala, ndipo anabzala m'mabowo osiyana pamtunda wa 50-70 masentimita kuchokera kwa kholo la chitsamba.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Yellow acacia imagonjetsedwa ndi matenda ndi tizilombo toononga.
M'mphepete mwazitali ndi chinyezi chokhazikika chomera chingathe kuchiza matenda a fungal, kawirikawiri - dzimbiri la tsamba. Pankhani iyi, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi Bordeaux kusakaniza kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchiza, ndipo monga prophylaxis, wouma mwachidwi.
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda - mthethe aphid, mthethe kapepala ndi lozhnoashchikov - amaimira ngozi kwa chomera. Njira zothandiza kwambiri zothana ndi tizirombozi ndizo tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Mankhwala
Alkaloids, flavonoids ndi ena biologically yogwira zinthu muli makungwa, mizu, masamba ndi maluwa a Caraganychikhalidwe chake mankhwala othandizira, omwe akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ochiritsa anthu.
Choncho, makungwa ndi masamba a chikasu amapezeka kuti azichiza matenda opweteka a khungu komanso chapamwamba, komanso matenda a chiwindi ndi mutu.
Makungwawa ali ndi zotsutsana ndi zotupa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo, nthambi ndi maluwa ali ndi anti-rheumatic effect, ndipo kulowetsedwa kwa masamba kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda a atherosclerosis.
Odzidzidzidwa ndi zitsamba zazitsamba amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo a Caragana ndi mitundu yake - amamera, amtengo wapatali, mtengo, shrub, Ussuri - ndi matenda ambiri.
Komabe Kuwonjezera pa mankhwalawa ndi owopsaChoncho, amagwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala komanso mosamala.
Chimodzimodzinso ndi Karagana grivastoy - imodzi mwazitsamba za chikhalidwe cha mankhwala a ku Tibetan, momwe ziwalo za pansi pa nthaka ndi pamwambaground zimagwiritsidwa ntchito monga zotsutsana, zotsutsa-kutupa, zowonongeka ndi zowonongeka.
Acacia honey komanso amachiritsa katundu. Amabwezeretsa mphamvu ndi mphamvu yonse, ndi njira zothandiza za beriberi, chifuwa ndi mantha amanjenje. Zambiri za fructose zimapangitsa uchi wa acacia kukhala wabwino kwambiri kwa zakudya za shuga. Mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso otsika kwambiri a carotene (provitamin A) amatilola kuti tiwalangize kwa ana. Acacia, yomwe idasonkhanitsidwa mu May-June, wokondedwa amaonedwa kuti ndi imodzi mwa zabwino kwambiri.
Cholimba kwambiri, kudzichepetsa komanso kukongoletsa chikasu cha acacia chimaphatikizapo zinthu zonse zothandiza.
Chitsamba chochizira cha mankhwalachi, kulemera dziko lapansi ndi nayitrogeni, kulimbikitsa mapiri, kupanga mazenera, ndizomwe zimapangidwe zowonjezera zowunikira m'madera ouma bwino pakatikati ndi kumpoto.
Chithunzi
Kenaka, mukhoza kuona zithunzi zobzala ndi kusamalira chikasu cha acacia - mtengo wa caraganas:
- Mitundu ya Acacia:
- Lankaran Acacia
- Black Acacia
- Silver Acacia
- Mchenga wa Acacia
- White Acacia
- Patsiku la Acacia
- Acacia Catechu
- Chisamaliro cha Acacia:
- Acacia mu mankhwala
- Maluwa a Acacia
- Tikufika ku Acacia
