Dera lokongola, la euphorbia lilinso ndi dzina lofananira - euphorbia (Euphorbia). Zosiyanasiyana zikuwonetsa kuti kuyambira 800 mpaka 2000 mitundu ya mtunduwu. Pazikhalidwe zamalimi, nthawi zambiri pamabzalidwa udzu wapachaka ndi osatha, komanso zitsamba.
Mitundu Yodziwika Yakale ya maluwa a Euphorbia
Mfundo pakusankha mbewu zomwe zingalimidwe m'munda kapena chikhalidwe champhika ndizosavuta kusamalidwa, komanso kusinthasintha magawo a dziko. Mwa mitundu yambiri ya milkweed - wokhala momwe amakhala - nyumba iliyonse pamakhala ambiri oimilira. Kusamalira ku Euphorbia kunyumba kumafuna kosavuta, komwe amakondedwa ndi alimi a maluwa.
Euphorbia Lactea F. Cristata
Zofunika! Pafupifupi madzi onse amkaka amkaka (ofanana ndi mkaka), omwe ndi owopsa kapena ochepa. Ntchito ndi euphorbia ikuyenera kukhala m'madolovu kuti mupewe kuwotcha pakhungu ndi kuwawa.
Euphorbia Kristata
Ndi nthumwi ya mtundu wokulirapo - euphorbia lacteya (Euphorbia Lactea F. Cristata). Kwawo - malo otentha aku Asia. Zimakonda kusinthika komanso kuwoneka ngati zodutsa, kotero mawonekedwe ake amakhala osiyanasiyana. Pafupifupi nthawi zonse pamalonda imawonetsedwa ngati mawonekedwe a scion pamankhwala ena.
Pali mitundu iwiri ya Cristata's euphorbia yomwe imasiyanitsidwa: wamba, yomwe imatha kukhala mumphika payokha, komanso yopanda chlorophyll (Cristata F. Variegata) - imafuna kulumikizidwa. Ndizovuta kufotokoza momwe mbewuyo imapangidwira, chifukwa nthawi zonse imakhala yodabwitsa kwambiri ndipo nthawi zina imasiyanasiyana mothandizidwa ndi scion. Nthawi zambiri amafanana ndi kakhola kapena korali. Ankalumikiza nthawi zambiri amapezeka euphorbia wooneka ngati lakhoma wokhala ndi masentimita pafupifupi 5 kapena kupitirira apo. Maluwa ndizotheka, koma osowa kwambiri.
Euphorbia Marginata
Mayina odziwika - euphorbia m'malire ndi chipale chofewa. Chowopsa pachaka chokhala ndi masamba owongoka wopendekera 60-80 masentimita. Tsamba losasunthika ndi mphukira za mtundu wobiriwira wa siliva. Pofika nthawi ya maluwa, malire oyera akuwonekera m'mphepete mwa masamba. Pakuyamba kwa chilimwe, maluwa oyera oyera oyera, oyera. Chomera chimakhala chomtengo chifukwa cha korona wake wokongola, mosiyana ndi mbewu zina.
Euphorbia marginata
Chomera chosasinthika kwambiri chimamera m'minda yamaluwa ndi pazenera. Kutentha kwenikweni ndi 22-24 ° C. Amakonzekeretsa kumasula michere nthaka yokhala ndi acidity yochepa. Imazindikira kudina ndi kudulira, kuthamangitsa mphukira zatsopano. Euphorbia iyi imafalitsidwa ndi njere ndi odulidwa.
Euphorbia Decary
Masamba afupiafupi okhala ndi masamba okongola a lavy wokhala ndi m'mphepete mwa zigzag wobadwira ku Africa ndi Madagascar. Imagwira zigawo zatsopano, kufalikira mothandizidwa ndi mizu yokwawa, pang'ono pang'onopang'ono pamwamba pa dothi. Phesi lalikulu lamadzimadzi limapangidwa mozungulira, pamwamba pake pamakhala tsamba. Tsamba ndilobiriwira, koma limatha kukhala la mtundu wofiira. Ma inflorescences mawonekedwe amawoneka ngati mabelu a beige hue.
Euphorbia decaryi
Mtunduwu umakula makamaka ngati chikhalidwe chokongoletsera. Kuchepetsa chisamaliro, kumakula pang'onopang'ono. Zokongoletsera zimayatsa. M'nyengo yotentha, kutentha kwakukulu ndi 25 ° C, ndipo nyengo yachisanu pafupifupi 15 ° C. Kufalikira kosavuta ndi njere, kudula.
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana yotchuka ya euphorbia ndi yosiyana kwambiri mwakuti nthawi zina, kuwonjezera pa kubisirana madzi amkaka, ndizovuta kuwona zizindikiro zina zofala.
Euphorbia Obesa
Dzina lachiwiri ndi mafuta am'madzi. Mtundu wocheperako wa euphorbia, wofanana kwambiri ndi nkhadze. Kapangidwe ka tsindeyo ndi mtundu wowoneka wobiriwira-bulawuni wokhala ndi magawo asanu ndi atatu osiyana. Mikwingwirima yofiirira kapena yofiirira, yodutsa. Imakhala yopanda minga ndi masamba, ndipo ngati masamba osokonekera atakula, iwo amafota msanga ndi kugwa, nasiya masamba onyankhira. Pamwamba pake, nthambi zowoneka bwino bwino zimatha kukula. Itha kutalika mpaka 30 cm, ndipo mpaka 10 cm, ndikupeza mawonekedwe.
Euphorbia obesa
Zambiri! Mtundu wa euphorbiawu umachita zinthu ziwiri. M'chilimwe amachotsa ma pedicels okhala ngati korona. Maluwa a calyx ndi mainchesi 3 mm okha. Mutha kupeza fungo lonunkha. Zipatso - triangular trihedra yokhala ndi mainchesi mpaka 7 mm. Pambuyo pakucha, zipatso zimaphulika, kumwaza mbewu mozungulira, zomwe zimakhala zozungulira (mpaka 2 mm mulifupi) mipira yaimvi yamangamanga. Pambuyo pa izi, peduncle imadzuma ndikusowa.
Euphorbia Enopla
Mpweya wabwino kwambiri wobadwa nawo ku South Africa. Korona wa euphorbia uyu kuchokera kunthambi zamphamvu kwambiri, wotalika osaposa mita 1. Madera olimbirana amiyala (mpaka 6.8 mpaka 3) wophukira wobiriwira watalika mpaka 30 cm. ma spikes, omwe amapatsa mbewuyo mawonekedwe okongola. Tikhale ndi timapepala tating'ono kwambiri. Mawanga owoneka opanda masamba obiriwira achikasu pamiyendo yopyapyala mbali ya mphukira ndi amuna ndi akazi. Pambuyo pakucha, chipatso chimatenga mawonekedwe a mpira wokhala ndi njere mkati. Imamveka bwino pazenera, koma imafunikira nyengo yozizira, yopepuka komanso yozizira (kutentha 4 ° C).
Euphorbia enopla
Euphorbia Gabizan
Chochititsa chidwi komanso chosasangalatsa chokoma chimakhala m'maphika okha. Chitsamba chaching'ono, chotalika mpaka 30 cm, chimawoneka ngati chinanazi chobiriwira chomwe chimafanana ndi masamba ofunda obiriwira ozungulira kumapeto. "Mabowo" pamwamba pake ndi opanda minga. Pamene mbiya imayamba, imasanduka yofiirira komanso yamitengo. Kufalikira ndi mphukira zomwe zimamera pach thunthu, kapena ndi mbewu.
Euphorbia gabizan
Zomera za Euphorbia
The dioecious euphorbia amadziwika bwino kuti euphorbia, yayikulu kapena yofanana, nthano yeniyeni ya savannah. "Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda" mu Latin amatanthauza - "zazikulu". Kutengera mikhalidwe yakumangidwa, imatha kutambalala kutalika kuyambira 15cm mpaka 2m ndipo ngakhale zinanso, ikutenga mawonekedwe a mtengo kapena chitsamba. Mphukira zokhala ndi miyendo 5 kumera kuchokera pamtengo, ndikupatsa korona mawonekedwe ofanana ndi candelabrum.
Euphorbia Inrogen (Similis)
Ndizosangalatsa kwambiri kumadera onse ouma ndi opanda zipululu ku Africa. Itha kumera pamiyala yamiyala ndipo kwa nthawi yayitali ikupezeka kokwanira ndi madzi. Mphukira m'miyendo yake imakhala ndi timiyendo ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono, omwe pamapeto pake amauma ndikugwa. Mphukira zimakula mosabereka kuyambira impso pa nthiti. Kutsina pamwamba kumangowonjezera njirayi. Limamasula nthawi zambiri ngati maluwa amkaka, osakhala opanda maluwa achikasu ndi fungo labwino. Ndi zaka, thunthu chapakati limakhala lamtengo. Madzi a Milky ndi oopsa kwambiri, ndipo ngati angalowe m'maso mwanu, amatha kuyambitsa kwambiri.
Euphorbia Martini
Kukongoletsa osatha obzala m'minda. Osalimbana ndi chilala komanso chisanu choyamba. Itha kukhala yakufika mpaka 50 cm.Masamba odulidwa amaphatikiza mithunzi yobiriwira, yobiriwira yoyera, siliva, yachikaso komanso yapinki.
Tcherani khutu! Kuzizira kukutentha, kukuwombera euphorbia. Amaluwa m'chilimwe ndi maluwa obiriwira.
Euphorbia Martinii (Utawaleza wa Ascot)
Diamondi ya Euphorbia Frost
Dzinalo "chisanu cha diamondi" silinaperekedwe ku euphorbia iyi. Ndi wosakanizidwa wa Euphorbia Hypericifolia. Ogulitsa adawoneka mu 2004. Tchire lophika la mphukira zoonda zobiriwira limawoneka lalikulu pakupachika maluwa. Limamasula mosalekeza kuchokera ku kasupe mpaka nthawi yophukira ndi maluwa oyera oyera. Imakonzekera kuyatsa kwabwino komanso kuthirira nthawi zonse, koma kumalekerera chilala bwino. Imadziyimira payokha ngati mawonekedwe a chitsamba chopingasa, koma pakufuna ichi chitha kupangidwa monga chikufunira. Khalani ndi mbewu pa kutentha kwa 5 ° C mpaka 25 ° C. Zofalitsidwa mosavuta ndi magawidwe a chitsamba ndi kudula.
Euphorbia diamondi chisanu
Euphorbia Akrurensis
Ili ndi mayina ena - Abyssinian (Acrurensis), Eretria (Erythraeae). Mtengo wosatha wobadwira ku Africa. Kunja kumafanana ndi Inrogen euphorbia, koma nthiti zake (kuyambira 4 mpaka 8) ndi zazifupi komanso zazifupi, zokhala ndi mawonekedwe ngati mitsempha yotenderera. Chimakula pamiyala youma ndi yamiyala, komanso m'miyala. M'litali mwake mumakhala mulitali wa 4.5-9 m. Ngati nyengo ndi yotentha komanso yotentha, imakutidwa ndi masamba obiriwira obiriwira. Ku Russia, amalimidwa ngati chikhalidwe champhika.
Euphorbia acrurensis
Euphorbia Trigon
Triquular kapena euphorbia watatu, amatenga mawonekedwe a mtengo kapena chitsamba. Chitsa chachikulu chimatha kukhala 6 cm. Nthambi zosazungulira mpaka 20 cm. Mtundu wake ndi wobiriwira wakuda wokhala ndi mikwaso yoyera. Zomera zakale ndi zoyambira ndi zamtchire. Zingwe za nthiti zimakhala zofiirira, zolimba ndi maupangiri. Masamba ofikira mpaka 5cm ndiwobiliwira komanso ofiira. Miphika imakula msanga kwambiri ndipo ndi wosazindikira, zonse zikuchokera munthaka komanso pakuwala.
Euphorbia trigona
Euphorbia Japan
Ikupezeka yogulitsa pansi pa dzina la Euphorbia cv. Cocklebur, wokhala wosakanizidwa wa euphorbia awiri - Euphorbia Susannae ndi Bupleurifolia. Muzu wakuda umadutsa mu caudex wapadziko lapansi. Chimawoneka chofanana kwambiri ndi chinanazi, ngati euphorbia Gabizan, koma choyambirira chakuda, ndi thunthu lamasamba atali obiriwira ndi malo owala kapena mabala. Chimakula pang'onopang'ono. Kutentha kokwanira ndi 20-24 ° C, sikulolera kutulutsa kwamadzi. Amamva bwino pakuwala. Fotokozerani izi ndi zodula zofunikira.
Euphorbia japonica
Duwa la Euphorbia: chisamaliro chakunyumba
Pokhala ndi mkaka uliwonse kunyumba, simuyenera kuwayang'anira. Ambiri amapirira modekha ngakhale miyezi ingapo yovomerezeka kwathunthu, makamaka mbewu zazikulu. Tizirombo toyambitsa matenda samayipatsanso, chifukwa mankhwalawa ndi oopsa.
Kuwala
Dzuwa lowala kwambiri, limakongola kwambiri. Koma pazonse, kuyatsa kowala kosasakanikira kuli koyenera kwa iwo. Sikoyenera kuyika zotengera kapena miphika pazenera za sill. Malo aliwonse aufupi pafupi ndi windows azikhala nawo.
Tcherani khutu! Chomera chikuyankhira pakusowa kwa kuwala mutatulira mphukira. Ngati pali masamba obiriwira, ndiye kuti ayamba kuzimiririka ndi kutha.
Kutentha
Chaka chonse amatha kukhala malo amodzi pamtunda womwe umatentha mpaka 20-24 ° C. Kutsikira mpaka 15 ° C ndikuwonjezeka mpaka 34 ° C iwo adzazunzika osawoneka kuwonongeka. Chachikulu ndikupewa kufinya dothi ndikusiyana ndi kutentha, popeza izi zimachepetsa kwambiri chitetezo chokwanira. Mitundu yambiri imafuna nyengo yozizira kuti izithandiza maluwa. Mtunduwo umafunika kufotokozedwa, popeza mitundu ina imatha kupirira kutsika mpaka 5 ° C, pomwe ena amatha kufa pa 10 ° C.
Nthaka ndi kuthirira euphorbia
Ngati titha kuyerekezera euphorbia ndi zakudya zina, cacti, ndiye kuti palibe kusiyana kwakukulu pakusankha dothi kwa iwo. Dothi liyenera kukhala loperewera muzakudya, zomasuka (ngakhale zotayirira) osalowerera kapena pang'ono acidic. Pansi pamikhalidwe yachilengedwe, mkaka wamamera umamera m'madzi am'chipululu ndi mapiri, pamiyala, pamiyala yamiyala.
Miphika yokhala ndi mkaka wamadzi imathiridwa madzi pamene dothi lonyowa pansi. M'nyengo yotentha nthawi 1-2 pa sabata, nthawi yozizira imakhala yokwanira 1-2 pa mwezi. Ma safculents adzapulumuka chifukwa chosowa chinyezi mosavuta, ndipo kuchokera kumdothi lonyowa nthawi zonse amatha kuvunda ndikufa. Chizindikiro choyamba choopsa ndikuponya chisoti chachifumu cha masamba kapena nthiti zammbali.
Feteleza maluwa
Kuvala kwapamwamba kumachitika kokha mu nyengo yotentha. Feteleza wama mineral wa suppulents kapena cacti ndi woyenera. Mlingo wake umadukiza ndi mankhwala omwe amalimbikitsa wopanga. Pafupipafupi kuvala kwapamwamba ndi nthawi imodzi m'miyezi 1-2, kutengera zaka. Mkulu ukamakula, nthawi zambiri umafunikira feteleza.
Njira zofalitsira maluwa za Euphorbia
Mukugulitsa mutha kupeza mbewu za mkaka. Ndizomveka kuzigula ndikuzigwiritsa ntchito kufesa. Kumera mitundu yambiri ndi yabwino, koma pokhapokha ngati mwatsopano. Nthawi zambiri, chaka choyamba kumera kumafika 99%, ndipo mchaka chachiwiri chimatsika ndi katatu. Komwe nthawi zambiri zimafalitsidwa ndikudula kapena kugawa chitsamba.
Kudula
Zodulidwa zowotcha mkaka zimapezeka polekanitsa mphukira ndikudula pamwamba. Gawo lolekanalo limasiyidwa kuti liziuma mpaka pomwe madzi amkaka atasiya, ndipo gawolo limaphatikizidwa ndi chinthu ngati mphira. Pambuyo pake, mphukira kapena korona amamizidwa mu masentimita 1-2 mu dothi lokonzedwa ndikufundidwa ndi chipewa chowonekera kuchokera ku botolo la pulasitiki lodulidwa, mtsuko wagalasi kapena thumba wamba la pulasitiki.
Nthawi zambiri zimatenga masabata 2-4 kuti muzu. Njirayi siyoyenera kusokoneza panthawiyi, amangotsegula hoodyo kamodzi patsiku kuti mpweya wabwino ugwire. Ngati chinyezi mchipindacho chiri pamwamba pa 60%, ndiye kuti mutha kuchita popanda ufulu wowonjezera kutentha. Kutsirira kumachitika ndi kupopera mbewu nthaka ikamuma bwino. Turgor yabwino ndiye chizindikiro chachikulu cha kuzika mizu kwambiri.
Tcherani khutu! Ngati mphukirayo suli mizu, ndiye kuti imayamba kufota, kutembenukira chikasu, kuvunda, kusamalira zinthu zotere, sizikupanga nzeru, ndibwino kubwereza njirayo ndi chogwirira china.
Kugawanitsa
Kukhala ndi chomera chachikulu ndi mphukira zingapo, mutha kuchigawa m'magawo angapo. Kuti muchite izi, chotsani zotsekemera mumphika, pukuteni pang'onopang'ono kuti nthaka igwe pansi.
Zofunika! Kuchotsa dothi lakale ndikusamba ndikulowetsa mizu mumtsinje wamadzi kumakhala kofooka kwambiri.
Ndi chida chakuthwa, ngati chikufunikira, euphorbia imadulidwanso m'malo angapo muzu. Mitundu ina imagawidwa mosavuta popanda magawo. Gawo lirilonse labzalidwa mumtsuko watsopano. Mphika umasankhidwa molingana ndi lamulo: m'lifupi mwake ndiwokulira kawiri kuposa kutalika. Koma pansi pamadzaza miyala yoyera kapena njerwa zosweka, osati zongotayira, komanso zolemetsa, chifukwa mwinanso kukhazikika kudzakhala konyentchera.
Ngakhale kuti euphorbia ilibe maluwa osalala, owala komanso onunkhira, amasangalala ndi chikondi chachikulu cha olima dimba. Zomwe zimachitika sikuti ndizongokomera zokha za chomera cha euphorbia, komanso kusiyana kosiyana ndi mbewu zina zotchuka zamkati.
