Nanda ndi wa banja lomwelo la mbalame zopanda kuthawa, ndipo maonekedwe ake ali ofanana ndi nthiwatiwa ya ku Afrika. Kuyambira nthawi imene Amwenye a ku South America, omwe mbalamezi analandira poyamba, ankagwiritsa ntchito nyama ndi mazira kuti azidya, ndipo kenako anayamba kugwiritsa ntchito nthenga ndi khungu lawo popanga zokongoletsera zosiyanasiyana. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, nthawi zonse amawomberedwa ndi famu ndi eni eni, pamene amadya udzu wa ziweto ndi tirigu. Zochitika zonsezi zinawononga kwambiri anthu a Nanda, zomwe zinapangitsa kuti kuchepetsedwa kwakukulu. Komabe, pakali pano anthu akuyesa kupeŵa kuchepa kwa chiwerengero cha anthu ndipo akuswana Nanda kuzungulira dziko lapansi.
Kufotokozera ndi zochitika za Nanda
Lero pali mitundu iwiri ya nandu: wamba (kapena kumpoto) ndi Darwin (ang'onoang'ono). Tiyeni tione mwatsatanetsatane maonekedwe awo ndi maonekedwe.
Zachilendo
Kuwoneka kotere kuli ndi maonekedwe a mawonekedwe:
- kutalika kwa anthu akuluakulu kufika pa masentimita 127-140, ndi kulemera - kuyambira 20 mpaka 25 kg ndi zina zambiri. Amuna nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito kukula ndi kulemera kwa akazi;
- Nanda amawoneka mofanana kwambiri ndi nthiwatiwa ya ku Africa, koma imakhala yochepa kawiri kuposa mutu ndi khosi zophimbidwa ndi nthenga, zomwe zimasiyana ndi mitundu;
- miyendo ndi yaitali komanso yaikulu, yokhala ndi zala zitatu zokha. Nkhumba siili ndi nthenga konse, yomwe imasiyanitsa mitundu iyi kuchokera ku Darwin;
- ngakhale mbalameyo siuluka, mapiko ake ndi okwanira, amawathandiza kukhalabe olimba pamene akuthamanga;
- mvulayi ndi yofewa, imakhala yofiira ndipo imatha kukhala yosiyana kwambiri malingana ndi kugonana kwa mbalame ndi msinkhu wake. Panthawi yopuma, amunawo amaoneka ngati "khola" lakuda pansi pa khosi. Zina mwa mbalamezi ndi ma albino, omwe ali ndi maso oyera ndi a buluu.
Small (Darwin, yaitali-billed)
Darwin Nanda ali ndi mbola imvi kapena imvi, ndipo ndi yochepa kuposa kukula kwake, zomwe sizingatheke kuganiza ndi dzina. Kulemera kwa munthu wamkulu kumakhalapo kuyambira 15 mpaka 25 kg. Kuwonjezera apo, zimasiyana ndi malo akuluakulu a nanda oyera pamphuno ya kumbuyo. Mwa amuna, iwo amadziwika kwambiri kuposa akazi, ndipo ndi anthu ang'onoang'ono omwe sali konse.
Mukudziwa? Pa nyengo yoperekera, amuna amatulutsa mfuu yakuya "Nan-doo", yomwe idadzakhala dzina la mbalamezi.
Chosiyana ndi nthiwatiwa
Kunja kwa Nanda ndi wachibale wake wa ku Africa ndiwonekeratu, komabe iwo ali nawo kusiyana kwakukulu:
- kukula - Nanda ndi kawiri kawiri kuposa wachibale wake;
- Nthenga zimaphimba khosi, koma Afirika alibe nthenga m'malo ano;
- ali ndi zala zitatu pa miyendo, ndipo mtundu wa Africa uli ndi ziwiri zokha;
- anthu okhala ku America amasungunuka pamapiko awo, ndipo maubwenzi awo a ku Africa alibe nawo;
- Kufulumira - kuphulika kumafika pa liwiro la 50 km / h, ndipo nthiwatiwa za ku Africa zimatha kupita ku 95 km / h;
- amakonda kupatula nthawi pafupi ndi matupi a madzi komanso mwachindunji m'madzi, koma achibale awo amakonda malo owuma.
Nanda ndi Nthiwatiwa
Dziwani zambiri za nthiwatiwa: subspecies ya nthiwatiwa; mazira opindulitsa; Kubereka nthiwatiwa kunyumba (chakudya, makulitsidwe).
Kumakhala
Nanda imapezeka m'mayiko ambiri ku South America: Argentina, Chile, Paraguay, Uruguay, Brazil ndi Bolivia. Darwin Nanda amapezeka kum'mwera kwa Peru. Mbalamezi zimakonda malo otsekemera monga mitundu, kuphatikizapo malo otchedwa Patagonian otsetsereka komanso m'mphepete mwa nyanja ya Andes.
Northern Nandu amasankha malo otsika ndi nyengo yofunda, koma lingaliro la Darwin siliwopa kutalika, kotero iwo akhoza kukhala kumtunda wa mamita 4500, ndipo amapezeka kumadera akumwera kwa South America.
Mukudziwa? Mbalame zing'onozing'onozi zimapezeka kumpoto cha kum'maŵa kwa Germany. Ndipo izi n'zosadabwitsa, chifukwa Germany ili kutali kwambiri ndi South America. Koma yankho lake ndi lophweka: mfundo ndi yakuti kumapeto kwa zaka za 90, zinyama zingapo za Nanda zidapulumuka ndi minda ya nthiwati ku Lübeck ndipo idatha kusintha zochitika za nyengo. Kuyambira pamenepo, amakhala kumeneko bwinobwino, ndipo panthawiyi chiwerengero chawo chikuposa 100 pa 150 sq. Km. km
Moyo ndi khalidwe
Nanda ndi maso nthawi ya masana ndipo pamakhala kutentha kwakukulu amasintha ntchito yawo madzulo ndi usiku. Mu nthawi yopitirira, amakhala m'magulu a anthu asanu kapena atatu. Pali malamulo ena m'magulu awa, ofunika kwambiri pakati pawo ndi, mwina, mtunda. Ngati mbalameyo imayandikira pafupi, imayamba kukoka khosi ndikupanga phokoso, motero imafuna kuti ipite kutali. Pa nthawi yochezera, magulu omwe alipo ali ogawidwa m'magawo angapo, omwe alipo amodzi amphongo ndi akazi amodzi okha. 
Nanda amamva bwino ndi maso, ndipo tsitsi lawo lalitali limaloleza kuona ngozi yomwe ikuyandikira m'kupita kwanthawi. Ndi chifukwa cha makhalidwe amenewa omwe nyama zina zimagwirizana ndi gulu la mbalame ndikukhala nawo limodzi. Pamene nandu ikuthawa, samayendetsa molunjika, monga nthiwatiwa nthawi zonse, koma pa zigzag. Amene amawatsata kawiri kawirikawiri samayembekezera kutembenuka kotere ndipo, popanda kukhala ndi nthawi yochita, amathamangira kale. Mbalame yotembenuka kwambiriyi imapanga mapiko awo, yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito monga oyendetsa ndi mabaki.
Ndikofunikira! Kufunafuna nkhumba zomwe zimakhala kuthengo ndizoletsedwa, kotero ngati mukufuna kuyesa nyama, muyenera kulumikizana ndi minda yapadera yomwe simungagule nyama, komanso mazira.
Ndi nandu yanji idya
Nanda akunena nyama zamtunduChoncho, mndandanda wa zakudya zomwe amadya ndizitali kwambiri: ndi zomera, mbewu, zipatso, tizilombo komanso tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Anthu ena amanena kuti akhoza kupha njoka yamoto, koma palibe amene adatsimikizire izi. Mbalamezi zimatha kupanga madzi opanda madzi kwa nthawi yaitali, chifukwa zimakhala ndi chinyezi chokwanira kuchokera ku chakudya chomwe amadya. Nandu nthawi zambiri amamezedwa ndi gastroliths kuti apange digestion ya chakudya mmimba. 
Kuswana
Amuna amafika pa msinkhu wa chiwerewere pa zaka 2.5-3, ndipo amuna ali ndi 3.5-4. Nthawi yochezera, pamene magulu omwe alipo alipo ogawanika kukhala ang'onoang'ono, amatha pafupifupi kuyambira September mpaka December. Kuti apange gulu lawo lazimayi, anyamata amapanga nkhondo zeniyeni. Wopambana nkhondoyo amachotsa amuna otsalawo kuchokera ku gulu la ziweto ndikupanga kuvina kogonjetsa, akufuula "Nan-doo." 
Pambuyo pa kukwatira, ndi mwamuna yemwe akufunafuna malo abwino a chisa, ndiyeno iyeyo amakhala yekha. Zonsezi zimayika mazira pa chisa chokonzekera, koma ngati mkazi wina aliyense adayika dzira kunja kwa chisa, amuna amachokera ku kamba kakang'ono. Atayika mazira, akazi amayamba kufunafuna wina wamwamuna, ndipo izi Amuna amatsuka mazira kwa masiku 40, kuwateteza ku zisonkhezero zakunja ndi odyetsa. 
Mu clutch, nthawi zambiri mumakhala mazira 20-25, koma nthawi zina zambiri. Zikatero, sizingatheke kukakamiza mazira onse, ndipo mazira ena sakhala nawo konse. Ndiye nkhuku zimathamanga, ndipo Mwamuna akadali ndi udindo wa chitetezo chawo ndi chitukuko.. Pangozi ya nkhuku zobisala pansi pa mapiko a mwamuna kapena kukwera kumbuyo kwake. Nkhuku zikafika msinkhu wa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, zimatha kudzisamalira, ndipo abambo amabwerera ku gulu la achibale ake kapena miyoyo yawo kumapeto kwa masiku ake okha (nthawi zambiri amuna achikulire amachita izi).
Ndikofunikira! Ngati mukufuna kupita ku zoo kapena pari ya safari, komwe mukugwiriridwa, khalani osamala ndipo musayandikire kwa anthu othawa, makamaka pa nthawi yawo yochezera, chifukwa panthawiyi ali achisoni.
Video: mbalame nandu
Izi ndi mbiri ndi njira ya moyo ya mbalame zodabwitsa kwa ife. Ngati muli ndi mwayi wokaona malo osungira nyama kapena zoo kuti muwone nyama zokongola izi zikukhala, onetsetsani kuti mukuzichita.
